CN114122500A - Electrochemical device, method for controlling electrochemical device, electronic device, medium, and charging device - Google Patents
Electrochemical device, method for controlling electrochemical device, electronic device, medium, and charging device Download PDFInfo
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- CN114122500A CN114122500A CN202111404936.7A CN202111404936A CN114122500A CN 114122500 A CN114122500 A CN 114122500A CN 202111404936 A CN202111404936 A CN 202111404936A CN 114122500 A CN114122500 A CN 114122500A
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- 239000007784 solid electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 229920000785 ultra high molecular weight polyethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- LSGOVYNHVSXFFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N vanadate(3-) Chemical compound [O-][V]([O-])([O-])=O LSGOVYNHVSXFFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001928 zirconium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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Images
Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/052—Li-accumulators
- H01M10/0525—Rocking-chair batteries, i.e. batteries with lithium insertion or intercalation in both electrodes; Lithium-ion batteries
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01G—CAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES OR LIGHT-SENSITIVE DEVICES, OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
- H01G11/00—Hybrid capacitors, i.e. capacitors having different positive and negative electrodes; Electric double-layer [EDL] capacitors; Processes for the manufacture thereof or of parts thereof
- H01G11/04—Hybrid capacitors
- H01G11/06—Hybrid capacitors with one of the electrodes allowing ions to be reversibly doped thereinto, e.g. lithium ion capacitors [LIC]
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01G—CAPACITORS; CAPACITORS, RECTIFIERS, DETECTORS, SWITCHING DEVICES OR LIGHT-SENSITIVE DEVICES, OF THE ELECTROLYTIC TYPE
- H01G11/00—Hybrid capacitors, i.e. capacitors having different positive and negative electrodes; Electric double-layer [EDL] capacitors; Processes for the manufacture thereof or of parts thereof
- H01G11/14—Arrangements or processes for adjusting or protecting hybrid or EDL capacitors
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
- H01M10/44—Methods for charging or discharging
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
- H01M10/48—Accumulators combined with arrangements for measuring, testing or indicating the condition of cells, e.g. the level or density of the electrolyte
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/0029—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with safety or protection devices or circuits
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
Abstract
An electrochemical device, a method of controlling the same, an electronic device, a medium, and a charging device are provided. The electrochemical device comprises a positive pole piece, wherein the positive pole piece comprises a positive active material layer, and the positive active material layer comprises a manganese-containing material. The electrochemical device satisfies the following characteristics: performing a charging operation on the electrochemical device, acquiring data related to the electrochemical device in the charging operation in response to a time t > 0 at which the electrochemical device is in a first state in which the electrochemical device is in a non-charged and non-discharged stationary state and a state of charge (SOC) of the electrochemical device satisfies 5% SOC ≦ 35%, and determining a parameter related to a safe state of the electrochemical device based on the data related to the electrochemical device. The present application enables timely determination of the safety state of an electrochemical device by acquiring data related to the electrochemical device during a charging operation to thereby determine parameters related to the safety state of the electrochemical device.
Description
Technical Field
The present disclosure relates to the field of electronic technologies, and in particular, to an electrochemical device, a control method thereof, an electronic device, a medium, and a charging device.
Background
As electrochemical devices (e.g., lithium ion batteries) are developed and advanced, higher and higher requirements are placed on their safety performance. Currently, in order to improve the safety performance of an electrochemical device, improvements are mostly made on the specific structure and materials of the electrochemical device. In addition to improvements in structure and materials, improvements in other areas are also desired to enhance the safety performance of electrochemical devices.
Disclosure of Invention
Some embodiments of the present disclosure provide an electrochemical device including a positive electrode sheet including a positive active material layer including a manganese-containing material. The electrochemical device satisfies the following characteristics: performing a charging operation on the electrochemical device, acquiring data related to the electrochemical device in the charging operation in response to a time t > 0 at which the electrochemical device is in a first state in which the electrochemical device is in a non-charged and non-discharged stationary state and a state of charge (SOC) of the electrochemical device satisfies 5% SOC ≦ 35%, and determining a parameter related to a safe state of the electrochemical device based on the data related to the electrochemical device.
In some embodiments, the parameter related to the safety state of the electrochemical device comprises a first parameter, and at the ith time, the first parameter is determined as follows: at the ith-nth moment, the current state of charge SOC of the electrochemical device is acquired(i-n)And the present voltage D(i-n)Wherein i is more than n, and n is more than or equal to 1; at the ith moment, the current state of charge SOC of the electrochemical device is obtainediAnd the present voltage Di(ii) a Determining a first parameter M of the electrochemical device at the ith moment as follows: mi=(SOCi-SOC(i-n))/(Di-D(i-n)) Wherein, the unit of D is V, and the unit of M is 1/V.
In some embodiments, the electrochemical device further satisfies the following features: at the ith moment, responding to the condition that 5 percent is less than or equal toSOCi≤35%,DiB is greater than B, 3.88V is less than or equal to B and less than or equal to 4.2V, and MiAnd when the voltage is less than or equal to-1000 ℃, performing charging protection.
In some embodiments, the manganese-containing material comprises at least one of lithium manganate or lithium iron phosphate.
Embodiments of the present application also provide an electronic device including the above electrochemical device.
Some embodiments of the present application provide a control method of an electrochemical device, the control method including: performing a charging operation on the electrochemical device; acquiring data relating to the electrochemical device during a charging operation in response to a time t > 0 at which the electrochemical device is in a first state in which the electrochemical device is in a non-charging and non-discharging rest state and a state of charge (SOC) of the electrochemical device satisfies 5% SOC ≦ 35%; a parameter related to a safety state of the electrochemical device is determined based on the data related to the electrochemical device.
In some embodiments, the parameter related to the safety state of the electrochemical device comprises a first parameter, and at the ith time, the first parameter is determined as follows: at the ith-nth moment, the current state of charge SOC of the electrochemical device is acquired(i-n)And the present voltage D(i-n)Wherein i is more than n, and n is more than or equal to 1; at the ith moment, the current state of charge SOC of the electrochemical device is obtainediAnd the present voltage Di(ii) a Determining a first parameter M of the electrochemical device at the ith moment as follows: mi=(SOCi-SOC(i-n))/(Di-D(i-n)) Wherein, the unit of D is V, and the unit of M is 1/V.
In some embodiments, the control method further comprises: at the ith moment, responding to the SOC of 5 percent less than or equal toi≤35%,DiB is greater than B, 3.88V is less than or equal to B and less than or equal to 4.2V, and MiAnd when the voltage is less than or equal to-1000 ℃, performing charging protection.
Another embodiment of the present application provides a computer-readable storage medium, wherein a computer program is stored in the computer-readable storage medium, and when executed by a processor, the computer program implements the above-mentioned control method of an electrochemical device.
Another embodiment of the present application provides a charging device, including a processor and a computer-readable storage medium, where the computer-readable storage medium stores computer-executable instructions capable of being executed by the processor, and the processor executes the computer-executable instructions to implement the above-mentioned control method of an electrochemical device.
The present application enables timely determination of the safety state of an electrochemical device by acquiring data related to the electrochemical device during a charging operation after the electrochemical device is in a first state, thereby determining a parameter related to the safety state of the electrochemical device.
Drawings
Fig. 1 shows a graph of a first parameter M versus SOC of the electrochemical device of example 1.
Fig. 2 shows a graph of the first parameter M versus the SOC of the electrochemical device of example 2.
Fig. 3 shows a graph of voltage versus SOC for the electrochemical device of example 2.
Fig. 4 shows a graph of the first parameter M versus the SOC of the electrochemical device of example 3.
Fig. 5 shows a graph of voltage versus SOC for the electrochemical device of example 3.
Fig. 6 shows a graph of the first parameter M versus the SOC of the electrochemical device of example 4.
Fig. 7 shows a graph of voltage versus SOC for the electrochemical device of example 4.
Fig. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of a charging device according to some embodiments of the present application.
Fig. 9 is another schematic structural diagram of a system of some embodiments of the present application.
Detailed Description
The following examples are presented to enable those skilled in the art to more fully understand the present application and are not intended to limit the present application in any way.
Some embodiments of the present disclosure provide an electrochemical device including a positive electrode sheet including a positive active material layer including a manganese-containing material (e.g., Lithium Manganate (LMO)). In some embodiments, when a manganese-containing material is included in the positive electrode active material layer, there is a problem of Mn elution during storage (high/normal temperature), which may damage a negative electrode Solid Electrolyte Interphase (SEI) film and be deposited at the negative electrode, and lithium precipitation at the negative electrode during charging. During recharging after storage, the voltage of the electrochemical device rapidly rises due to polarization, and then falls with the decrease in polarization caused by temperature rise/lithium precipitation, and the electrochemical device with the lithium precipitation is prone to fire after storage at high temperature.
In some embodiments, the electrochemical device satisfies the following characteristics: and performing a charging operation on the electrochemical device, wherein data associated with the electrochemical device is acquired during the charging operation in response to a time t > 0 at which the electrochemical device is in the first state. That is, when the charging operation is performed after time t > 0 at which the electrochemical device is in the first state, data related to the electrochemical device is acquired. In some embodiments, in the first state, the electrochemical device is in a non-charged and non-discharged resting state, and the state of charge (SOC) of the electrochemical device satisfies 5% SOC ≦ 35%. In this first state, the manganese-containing material of the electrochemical device is likely to cause a problem of elution of Mn, and further, lithium is likely to be eluted during charging, and the electrochemical device is likely to cause a safety problem of lithium elution. In some embodiments, a parameter related to a safety state of the electrochemical device is determined based on data associated with the electrochemical device.
The present application enables timely determination of the safety state of an electrochemical device by acquiring data related to the electrochemical device during a charging operation after the electrochemical device is in a first state, thereby determining a parameter related to the safety state of the electrochemical device.
In some embodiments, the parameter related to the safety state of the electrochemical device comprises a first parameter, and at the ith time, the first parameter is determined as follows: at the ith-nth moment, acquiring the current state of charge (SOC) of the electrochemical device(i-n)And the present voltage D(i-n)Wherein i is more than n, n is more than or equal to 1, and i and n can be positive integers; at the ith time, obtainCurrent state of charge SOC of electricity taking chemical deviceiAnd the present voltage Di(ii) a Determining a first parameter M of the electrochemical device at time i as: mi=(SOCi-SOC(i-n))/(Di-D(i-n)) I.e. MiIs the difference between the state of charge at time i and the state of charge at times i-n divided by the difference between the voltage at time i and the voltage at times i-n.
In some embodiments, at time i, in response to 5% ≦ SOCi≤35%,DiB is greater than B, 3.88V is less than or equal to B and less than or equal to 4.2V, and MiAnd when the voltage is less than or equal to-1000 ℃, performing charging protection. During charging, the voltage of the electrochemical device is generally low when the SOC is low, and gradually increases as the charging process progresses. At the ith moment, if the SOC is less than or equal to 5 ≦ SOCi35% or less, voltage DiBut is significantly larger (e.g., D)iB) and the difference in state of charge at two times is significantly less than the difference in voltage (e.g., M)iLess than or equal to-1000), indicating that the electrochemical device is abnormal at the moment, and improving the safety performance of the electrochemical device and avoiding safety accidents by charging protection. In some embodiments, the charge protection comprises at least one of: stopping the charging operation of the electrochemical device; and sending a prompt message for stopping the charging operation of the electrochemical device to reduce the safety risk.
The safety performance of the electrochemical device can be improved without changing the structure and the material of the electrochemical device. This application utilizes electrochemical device polarization increase after the storage, leads to voltage unusual bounce (the initial voltage of charging is higher than the voltage that SOC corresponds) at the initial stage of charging, and follow-up because the phenomenon that the voltage drops is fallen back because of separating lithium etc. leads to the voltage reduction in the charging process, through confirming electrochemical device's safe state, in time carries out the charge protection, prevents to separate the ignition problem that the continued use of lithium electrochemical device leads to.
In some embodiments, the positive electrode active material layer includes at least one of lithium manganate or lithium iron phosphate. In some embodiments, an electrochemical device may include an electrode assembly including a positive electrode tab, a negative electrode tab, and a separator disposed between the positive electrode tab and the negative electrode tab.
In some embodiments, the positive electrode tab includes a positive electrode current collector and a positive electrode active material layer disposed on the positive electrode current collector. In some embodiments, the positive electrode active material layer may include at least one of lithium cobaltate, lithium iron phosphate, sodium iron phosphate, lithium vanadium phosphate, sodium vanadium phosphate, lithium vanadium oxy phosphate, sodium vanadium oxy phosphate, lithium vanadate, lithium nickelate, or lithium nickel cobalt aluminate, in addition to the manganese-containing material (e.g., lithium manganate, lithium nickel cobalt manganate, etc.). In some embodiments, the positive electrode active material layer may further include a conductive agent. In some embodiments, the conductive agent in the positive electrode active material layer may include at least one of conductive carbon black, ketjen black, flake graphite, graphene, carbon nanotubes, or carbon fibers. In some embodiments, the positive electrode active material layer may further include a binder, and the binder in the positive electrode active material layer may include at least one of carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC), polyacrylic acid, polyvinylpyrrolidone, polyaniline, polyimide, polyamideimide, polysiloxane, styrene-butadiene rubber, epoxy resin, polyester resin, polyurethane resin, or polyfluorene. In some embodiments, the mass ratio of the positive electrode active material, the conductive agent, and the binder in the positive electrode active material layer may be (80 to 99): (0.1 to 10): (0.1 to 10). In some embodiments, the thickness of the positive electrode active material layer may be 10 μm to 500 μm. It should be understood that the above description is merely an example, and any other suitable material, thickness, and mass ratio may be employed for the positive electrode active material layer.
In some embodiments, the positive current collector may be an Al foil, but other current collectors commonly used in the art may also be used. In some embodiments, the thickness of the positive electrode current collector may be 1 μm to 50 μm. In some embodiments, the positive electrode active material layer may be coated only on a partial area of the current collector of the positive electrode.
In some embodiments, the negative electrode tab includes a negative electrode current collector and a negative electrode active material layer. In some embodiments, the negative active material layer may be located on one or both sides of the negative current collector. In some embodiments, the negative active material layer may further include a negative active material, a conductive agent, and a binder. In some embodiments, the negative active material may include at least one of graphite, a silicon-based material. In some embodiments, the silicon-based material comprises at least one of silicon, a silicon oxy material, a silicon carbon material, or a silicon oxy carbon material. In some embodiments, the conductive agent in the negative active material layer may include at least one of conductive carbon black, ketjen black, flake graphite, graphene, carbon nanotubes, or carbon fibers. In some embodiments, the binder in the negative active material layer may include at least one of carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC), polyacrylic acid, polyvinyl pyrrolidone, polyaniline, polyimide, polyamideimide, polysiloxane, styrene-butadiene rubber, epoxy resin, polyester resin, polyurethane resin, or polyfluorene. In some embodiments, the mass ratio of the negative active material, the conductive agent, and the binder in the negative active material layer may be (78 to 98.5): (0.1 to 10): (0.1 to 10). It will be appreciated that the above description is merely exemplary and that any other suitable materials and mass ratios may be employed. In some embodiments, the negative electrode current collector may employ at least one of a copper foil, a nickel foil, or a carbon-based current collector.
In some embodiments, the separator comprises at least one of polyethylene, polypropylene, polyvinylidene fluoride, polyethylene terephthalate, polyimide, or aramid. For example, the polyethylene includes at least one selected from high density polyethylene, low density polyethylene, or ultra high molecular weight polyethylene. Particularly polyethylene and polypropylene, which have a good effect on preventing short circuits and can improve the stability of the battery through a shutdown effect. In some embodiments, the thickness of the isolation film is in the range of about 3 μm to 20 μm.
In some embodiments, the surface of the separator may further include a porous layer disposed on at least one surface of the separator, the porous layer including inorganic particles selected from alumina (Al) and a binder2O3) Silicon oxide (SiO)2) Magnesium oxide (MgO), titanium oxide (TiO)2) Hafnium oxide (HfO)2) Tin oxide (SnO)2) Cerium oxide (CeO)2) Nickel oxide (NiO), zinc oxide (ZnO)) Calcium oxide (CaO), zirconium oxide (ZrO)2) Yttrium oxide (Y)2O3) At least one of silicon carbide (SiC), boehmite, aluminum hydroxide, magnesium hydroxide, calcium hydroxide, or barium sulfate. In some embodiments, the pores of the separator film have a diameter in the range of about 0.01 μm to 1 μm. The binder of the porous layer is at least one selected from polyvinylidene fluoride, vinylidene fluoride-hexafluoropropylene copolymer, polyamide, polyacrylonitrile, polyacrylate, polyacrylic acid, polyacrylate, sodium carboxymethylcellulose, polyvinylpyrrolidone, polyvinyl ether, polymethyl methacrylate, polytetrafluoroethylene and polyhexafluoropropylene. The porous layer on the surface of the isolating membrane can improve the heat resistance, the oxidation resistance and the electrolyte infiltration performance of the isolating membrane and enhance the adhesion between the isolating membrane and the pole piece.
In some embodiments, the electrochemical device comprises a lithium ion battery, but the application is not so limited. In some embodiments, the electrochemical device further comprises an electrolyte comprising at least one of fluoroether, fluoroether carbonate, or ether nitrile. In some embodiments, the electrolyte further includes a lithium salt including lithium bis (fluorosulfonyl) imide and lithium hexafluorophosphate, the concentration of the lithium salt is 1 to 2mol/L, and the mass ratio of lithium bis (fluorosulfonyl) imide to lithium hexafluorophosphate is 0.06 to 5. In some embodiments, the electrolyte may further include a non-aqueous solvent. The non-aqueous solvent may be a carbonate compound, a carboxylate compound, an ether compound, other organic solvent, or a combination thereof.
The carbonate compound may be a chain carbonate compound, a cyclic carbonate compound, a fluoro carbonate compound, or a combination thereof.
Examples of the chain carbonate compound are diethyl carbonate (DEC), dimethyl carbonate (DMC), dipropyl carbonate (DPC), Methyl Propyl Carbonate (MPC), Ethyl Propyl Carbonate (EPC), Methyl Ethyl Carbonate (MEC), and combinations thereof. Examples of the cyclic carbonate compound are Ethylene Carbonate (EC), Propylene Carbonate (PC), Butylene Carbonate (BC), Vinyl Ethylene Carbonate (VEC), or a combination thereof. Examples of the fluoro carbonate compound are fluoroethylene carbonate (FEC), 1, 2-difluoroethylene carbonate, 1, 2-trifluoroethylene carbonate, 1,2, 2-tetrafluoroethylene carbonate, 1-fluoro-2-methylethylene carbonate, 1-fluoro-1-methylethylene carbonate, 1, 2-difluoro-1-methylethylene carbonate, 1, 2-trifluoro-2-methylethylene carbonate, trifluoromethylethylene carbonate, or a combination thereof.
Examples of carboxylate compounds are methyl acetate, ethyl acetate, n-propyl acetate, t-butyl acetate, methyl propionate, ethyl propionate, propyl propionate, γ -butyrolactone, decalactone, valerolactone, mevalonic lactone, caprolactone, methyl formate, or combinations thereof.
Examples of the ether compound are dibutyl ether, tetraglyme, diglyme, 1, 2-dimethoxyethane, 1, 2-diethoxyethane, ethoxymethoxyethane, 2-methyltetrahydrofuran, tetrahydrofuran, or a combination thereof.
Examples of other organic solvents are dimethylsulfoxide, 1, 2-dioxolane, sulfolane, methyl sulfolane, 1, 3-dimethyl-2-imidazolidinone, N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone, formamide, dimethylformamide, acetonitrile, trimethyl phosphate, triethyl phosphate, trioctyl phosphate, and phosphate esters or combinations thereof.
Embodiments of the present application also provide an electronic device including the electrochemical device described above. The electronic device of the embodiment of the present application is not particularly limited, and may be any electronic device known in the art. In some embodiments, the electronic device may include, but is not limited to, a notebook computer, a pen-input computer, a mobile computer, an electronic book player, a portable phone, a portable facsimile machine, a portable copier, a portable printer, a headphone, a video recorder, a liquid crystal television, a handheld cleaner, a portable CD player, a mini-disc, a transceiver, an electronic notebook, a calculator, a memory card, a portable recorder, a radio, a backup power source, an electric motor, an automobile, a motorcycle, a power-assisted bicycle, a bicycle, an unmanned aerial vehicle, a lighting fixture, a toy, a game machine, a clock, an electric tool, a flashlight, a camera, a large household battery, a lithium ion capacitor, and the like.
Some embodiments of the present application also provide a control method of an electrochemical device, the control method including: step 1, performing charging operation on an electrochemical device; step 2, responding to the time t > 0 when the electrochemical device is in a first state, acquiring data related to the electrochemical device in a charging operation, wherein in the first state, the electrochemical device is in a non-charging and non-discharging static state, and the state of charge (SOC) of the electrochemical device satisfies that the SOC is more than or equal to 5% and less than or equal to 35%; and 3, determining a parameter related to the safety state of the electrochemical device based on the data related to the electrochemical device.
In some embodiments, the electrochemical device includes a positive electrode sheet including a positive active material layer including a manganese-containing material (e.g., Lithium Manganate (LMO)).
The present application enables timely determination of the safety state of an electrochemical device by acquiring data related to the electrochemical device during a charging operation after the electrochemical device is in a first state, thereby determining a parameter related to the safety state of the electrochemical device.
In some embodiments, the parameter related to the safety state of the electrochemical device comprises a first parameter, and at the ith time, the first parameter is determined as follows: at the ith-nth moment, acquiring the current state of charge (SOC) of the electrochemical device(i-n)And the present voltage D(i-n)Wherein i is more than n, and n is more than or equal to 1; at the ith moment, acquiring the current state of charge (SOC) of the electrochemical deviceiAnd the present voltage Di(ii) a Determining a first parameter M of the electrochemical device at the ith moment as follows: mi=(SOCi-SOC(i-n))/(Di-D(i-n)). I.e. MiIs the difference between the state of charge at time i and the state of charge at times i-n divided by the difference between the voltage at time i and the voltage at times i-n.
In some embodiments, at time i, in response to 5% ≦ SOCi≤35%,DiB is greater than B, 3.88V is less than or equal to B and less than or equal to 4.2V, and MiAnd when the voltage is less than or equal to-1000 ℃, performing charging protection. During charging, the voltage of the electrochemical device is generally low when the SOC is low, and gradually increases as the charging process progresses.At the ith moment, if the SOC is less than or equal to 5 ≦ SOCi35% or less, voltage DiBut significantly larger (e.g., > B) and the difference in state of charge at two times is significantly less than the difference in voltage (e.g., M)iLess than or equal to-1000), indicating that the electrochemical device is abnormal at the moment, and improving the safety performance of the electrochemical device and avoiding safety accidents by charging protection. In some embodiments, the charge protection comprises at least one of: stopping the charging operation of the electrochemical device; and sending a prompt message for stopping the charging operation of the electrochemical device to reduce the safety risk.
In some embodiments of the present application, the electrode assembly of the electrochemical device is a wound electrode assembly, a stacked electrode assembly, or a folded electrode assembly. In some embodiments, the positive electrode sheet and/or the negative electrode sheet of the electrochemical device may be a multilayer structure formed by winding or stacking, or may be a single-layer structure formed by stacking a single-layer positive electrode, a single-layer negative electrode, and a separator.
In some embodiments of the present application, taking a lithium ion battery as an example, a positive electrode plate, a separator, and a negative electrode plate are sequentially wound or stacked to form an electrode assembly, and then the electrode assembly is packaged in, for example, an aluminum plastic film, and an electrolyte is injected into the electrode assembly, and then the electrode assembly is formed and packaged to obtain the lithium ion battery. And then, performing performance test on the prepared lithium ion battery.
Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the above-described methods of making electrochemical devices (e.g., lithium ion batteries) are merely examples. Other methods commonly used in the art may be employed without departing from the disclosure herein.
In the following, some specific examples and comparative examples are listed to better illustrate the present application, wherein a lithium ion battery is taken as an example.
Examples example 1
Preparing a positive pole piece: preparing nickel cobalt lithium manganate, conductive carbon black, carbon nanotubes and polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) according to the weight ratio of 9.6: 86.4: 0.8: 0.8: 2.4, adding N-methyl pyrrolidone (NMP) as a solvent, and uniformly stirring. And uniformly coating the slurry on a positive current collector aluminum foil with the thickness of 80 microns, drying at 85 ℃, then carrying out cold pressing, cutting into pieces, slitting, and drying for 4 hours at 85 ℃ under a vacuum condition to obtain a positive pole piece.
Preparing a negative pole piece: artificial graphite, styrene butadiene rubber and sodium carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) are mixed according to the weight ratio of 97.7: 1.0: the proportion of 1.3 is dissolved in deionized water to form cathode slurry. And (2) adopting copper foil with the thickness of 10 microns as a negative current collector, coating the negative slurry on the current collector of the negative electrode, drying at 85 ℃, then carrying out cold pressing, cutting into pieces, slitting, and drying for 12 hours at 120 ℃ under a vacuum condition to obtain the negative pole piece.
Preparing an isolating membrane: the separator was 7 μm thick polypropylene (PP).
Preparing an electrolyte: in a dry argon atmosphere glove box, Ethylene Carbonate (EC): diethyl carbonate (DEC): propylene Carbonate (PC): propyl propionate: vinylene Carbonate (VC) according to a mass ratio of 20: 30: 20: 28: 2, dissolving and fully stirring the mixture, and then adding lithium salt LiPF6Mixing uniformly to obtain electrolyte, wherein LiPF6The concentration of (2) is 1 mol/L.
Preparing a lithium ion battery: and sequentially stacking the positive pole piece, the isolating membrane and the negative pole piece in sequence to enable the isolating membrane to be positioned between the positive pole and the negative pole to play an isolating role, and winding to obtain the electrode assembly. And (3) placing the electrode assembly in an outer packaging aluminum-plastic film, dehydrating at 80 ℃, injecting the electrolyte, packaging, and performing technological processes such as formation, degassing, edge cutting and the like to obtain the lithium ion battery.
The method comprises the following steps that a systematic power management system (BMS) automatically monitors the state of an electrochemical device, when the electrochemical device is in a standing state (no discharge/no charge), the BMS starts monitoring and records standing time, and when the electrochemical device is in 5% -35% SOC and stands for 40 days, the BMS starts an early warning function and continues to monitor time and voltage; when the electrochemical device is charged again, the BMS continuously records the voltage, when the voltage is detected to be more than or equal to 4.0V and the SOC is 5% -35%, the first parameter M is calculated, when M < -30000, the electrochemical device is judged to have the risk of lithium analysis, and the BMS performs charging protection. Fig. 1 shows a graph of a first parameter M versus SOC of the electrochemical device of example 1.
Example 2
Preparing a positive pole piece: mixing lithium iron phosphate, lithium manganate, conductive carbon black, carbon nanotubes and polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) according to the weight ratio of 28.8: 67.2: 0.8: 0.8: 2.4, adding N-methyl pyrrolidone (NMP) as a solvent, and uniformly stirring. And uniformly coating the slurry on a positive current collector aluminum foil with the thickness of 80 microns, drying at 85 ℃, then carrying out cold pressing, cutting into pieces, slitting, and drying for 4 hours at 85 ℃ under a vacuum condition to obtain a positive pole piece.
Preparing a negative pole piece: mixing artificial graphite, Si, styrene butadiene rubber and sodium carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) according to the weight ratio of 92.8: 4.9: 1.0: the proportion of 1.3 is dissolved in deionized water to form cathode slurry. And (2) adopting copper foil with the thickness of 10 microns as a negative current collector, coating the negative slurry on the current collector of the negative electrode, drying at 85 ℃, then carrying out cold pressing, cutting into pieces, slitting, and drying for 12 hours at 120 ℃ under a vacuum condition to obtain the negative pole piece.
Preparing an isolating membrane: the separator was 7 μm thick Polyethylene (PE).
Preparing an electrolyte: in a dry argon atmosphere glove box, Ethylene Carbonate (EC): diethyl carbonate (DEC): propylene Carbonate (PC): propyl propionate: vinylene Carbonate (VC) according to a mass ratio of 20: 30: 20: 28: 2, dissolving and fully stirring the mixture, and then adding lithium salt LiPF6Mixing uniformly to obtain electrolyte, wherein LiPF6The concentration of (2) is 1 mol/L.
Preparing a lithium ion battery: and sequentially stacking the positive pole piece, the isolating membrane and the negative pole piece in sequence to enable the isolating membrane to be positioned between the positive pole and the negative pole to play an isolating role, and winding to obtain the electrode assembly. And (3) placing the electrode assembly in an outer packaging aluminum-plastic film, dehydrating at 80 ℃, injecting the electrolyte, packaging, and performing technological processes such as formation, degassing, edge cutting and the like to obtain the lithium ion battery.
The method comprises the following steps that a systematic power management system (BMS) automatically monitors the state of an electrochemical device, when the electrochemical device is in a standing state (no discharge/no charge), the BMS starts monitoring and records standing time, and when the electrochemical device is in 5% -35% SOC and stands for 60 days, the BMS starts an early warning function and continues to monitor time and voltage; when the electrochemical device is charged again, the BMS continuously records the voltage, when the voltage is detected to be more than or equal to 4.05V and the SOC is 5% -35%, the first parameter M is calculated, when M is less than-10000, the electrochemical device is judged to have a lithium analysis risk, and the BMS performs charge protection. Fig. 2 shows a graph of the first parameter M versus the SOC of the electrochemical device of example 2. Fig. 3 shows a graph of voltage versus SOC for the electrochemical device of example 2.
Example 3
Preparing a positive pole piece: lithium iron phosphate, lithium manganate, conductive carbon black, carbon nanotubes and polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) according to the weight ratio of 29.0: 68.0: 0.8: 0.8: 1.4, adding N-methyl pyrrolidone (NMP) as a solvent, and uniformly stirring. And uniformly coating the slurry on a positive current collector aluminum foil with the thickness of 80 microns, drying at 85 ℃, then carrying out cold pressing, cutting into pieces, slitting, and drying for 4 hours at 85 ℃ under a vacuum condition to obtain a positive pole piece.
Preparing a negative pole piece: mixing natural graphite, artificial graphite, styrene butadiene rubber and sodium carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) according to the weight ratio of 30: 67.7: 1.0: the proportion of 1.3 is dissolved in deionized water to form cathode slurry. And (2) adopting copper foil with the thickness of 10 microns as a negative current collector, coating the negative slurry on the current collector of the negative electrode, drying at 85 ℃, then carrying out cold pressing, cutting into pieces, slitting, and drying for 12 hours at 120 ℃ under a vacuum condition to obtain the negative pole piece.
Preparing an isolating membrane: the isolating membrane is a polypropylene/polyethylene/polypropylene three-layer composite membrane, and one side of the isolating membrane is coated with ceramic.
Preparing an electrolyte: in a dry argon atmosphere glove box, Ethylene Carbonate (EC): diethyl carbonate (DEC): propylene Carbonate (PC): ethyl Methyl Carbonate (EMC): vinylene Carbonate (VC) according to a mass ratio of 20: 30: 20: 28: 2, dissolving and fully stirring the mixture, and then adding lithium salt LiPF6Mixing uniformly to obtain electricityAn electrolyte solution of LiPF6The concentration of (2) is 1 mol/L.
Preparing a lithium ion battery: and sequentially stacking the positive pole piece, the isolating membrane and the negative pole piece in sequence to enable the isolating membrane to be positioned between the positive pole and the negative pole to play an isolating role, and winding to obtain the electrode assembly. And (3) placing the electrode assembly in an outer packaging aluminum-plastic film, dehydrating at 80 ℃, injecting the electrolyte, packaging, and performing technological processes such as formation, degassing, edge cutting and the like to obtain the lithium ion battery.
The method comprises the following steps that a systematic power management system (BMS) automatically monitors the state of an electrochemical device, when the electrochemical device is in a standing state (no discharge/no charge), the BMS starts monitoring and records standing time, and when the electrochemical device is in 5% -35% SOC and stands for 20 days, the BMS starts an early warning function and continues to monitor time and voltage; when the electrochemical device is charged again, the BMS continuously records the voltage, when the voltage is detected to be more than or equal to 4.0V and the SOC is 5% -35%, the first parameter M is calculated, when M is less than-50000, the electrochemical device is judged to have the risk of lithium analysis, and the BMS performs charging protection. Fig. 4 shows a graph of the first parameter M versus the SOC of the electrochemical device of example 3. Fig. 5 shows a graph of voltage versus SOC for the electrochemical device of example 3.
Example 4
Preparing a positive pole piece: lithium manganate, conductive carbon black, carbon nanotubes and polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) according to a weight ratio of 19.2: 76.8: 1.6: 2.4, adding N-methyl pyrrolidone (NMP) as a solvent, and uniformly stirring. And uniformly coating the slurry on a positive current collector aluminum foil with the thickness of 80 microns, drying at 85 ℃, then carrying out cold pressing, cutting into pieces, slitting, and drying for 4 hours at 85 ℃ under a vacuum condition to obtain a positive pole piece.
Preparing a negative pole piece: artificial graphite, styrene butadiene rubber and sodium carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) are mixed according to the weight ratio of 97.7: 1.0: the proportion of 1.3 is dissolved in deionized water to form cathode slurry. And (2) adopting copper foil with the thickness of 10 microns as a negative current collector, coating the negative slurry on the current collector of the negative electrode, drying at 85 ℃, then carrying out cold pressing, cutting into pieces, slitting, and drying for 12 hours at 120 ℃ under a vacuum condition to obtain the negative pole piece.
Preparing an isolating membrane: the isolating membrane is a polypropylene/polyethylene/polypropylene three-layer composite membrane, and one side of the isolating membrane is coated with ceramic.
Preparing an electrolyte: in a dry argon atmosphere glove box, Ethylene Carbonate (EC): diethyl carbonate (DEC): propylene Carbonate (PC): propyl propionate: vinylene Carbonate (VC) according to a mass ratio of 20: 30: 20: 28: 2, dissolving and fully stirring the mixture, and then adding lithium salt LiPF6Mixing uniformly to obtain electrolyte, wherein LiPF6The concentration of (2) is 1 mol/L.
Preparing a lithium ion battery: and sequentially stacking the positive pole piece, the isolating membrane and the negative pole piece in sequence to enable the isolating membrane to be positioned between the positive pole and the negative pole to play an isolating role, and winding to obtain the electrode assembly. And (3) placing the electrode assembly in an outer packaging aluminum-plastic film, dehydrating at 80 ℃, injecting the electrolyte, packaging, and performing technological processes such as formation, degassing, edge cutting and the like to obtain the lithium ion battery.
The method comprises the following steps that a systematic power management system (BMS) automatically monitors the state of an electrochemical device, when the electrochemical device is in a standing state (no discharge/no charge), the BMS starts monitoring and records standing time, and when the electrochemical device is in 5% -35% SOC and stands for 180 days, the BMS starts an early warning function and continues to monitor time and voltage; when the electrochemical device is charged again, the BMS continuously records the voltage, when the voltage is detected to be more than or equal to 4.0V and the SOC is 5% -35%, the first parameter M is calculated, when M is less than-400000, the electrochemical device is judged to have a lithium analysis risk, and the BMS performs charging protection. Fig. 6 shows a graph of the first parameter M versus the SOC of the electrochemical device of example 4. Fig. 7 shows a graph of voltage versus SOC for the electrochemical device of example 4.
Embodiments of the present application also provide a charging device that includes a processor and a computer-readable storage medium. The computer-readable storage medium stores computer-executable instructions that can be executed by a processor, and when the processor executes the computer-executable instructions, the steps of the control method described in any of the above embodiments are implemented. As shown in fig. 8, the charging device 500 includes a processor 501 and a machine-readable storage medium 502, and the charging device 500 may further include a detection circuit module 503, a charging and discharging circuit 504, an interface 505, a power interface 506, and a rectifying circuit 507. Wherein the detection circuit module 503 is configured to, in response to a time t > 0 when the lithium ion battery is in a first state, obtain data related to the lithium ion battery in a charging operation, wherein in the first state, the lithium ion battery is in a non-charging and non-discharging standing state, and a state of charge (SOC) of the lithium ion battery satisfies that SOC is greater than or equal to 5% and less than or equal to 35%, and in addition, the detection circuit module 503 further determines a parameter related to a safety state of the lithium ion battery based on the data related to the lithium ion battery and sends a detection result to the processor 501; the charge and discharge circuit 504 is used for charging the lithium ion battery; interface 505 is used to electrically connect with lithium ion battery 605; the power interface 506 is used for connecting with an external power supply; the rectifier circuit 507 is used for rectifying the input current; the machine-readable storage medium 502 stores machine-executable instructions that are executable by the processor 501 to perform the method steps described in any of the above embodiments.
The embodiment of the present application further provides a system, as shown in fig. 9, the system 600 includes a second processor 601 and a second machine-readable storage medium 602, and the system 600 may further include a detection circuit module 603, a charging and discharging circuit 604, a lithium ion battery 605, and a second interface 606. Wherein the detection circuit module 603 is configured to, in response to a time t > 0 when the lithium ion battery is in a first state, obtain data related to the lithium ion battery in a charging operation, wherein in the first state, the lithium ion battery is in a non-charging and non-discharging static state, and a state of charge (SOC) of the lithium ion battery satisfies that SOC is greater than or equal to 5% and less than or equal to 35%, and in addition, the detection circuit module 503 further determines a parameter related to a safety state of the lithium ion battery based on the data related to the lithium ion battery and transmits a detection result to the second processor 601; the charging and discharging circuit 604 is configured to receive an instruction sent by the second processor 601, so as to perform a charging operation on the lithium ion battery 605; the second interface 606 is used for interfacing with the external charger 700; the external charger 700 is used to provide power; the second machine-readable storage medium 602 stores machine-executable instructions that can be executed by the processor, and when the second processor 601 executes the machine-executable instructions, the method steps described in any of the above embodiments are implemented. The external charger 700 may include a first processor 701, a first machine-readable storage medium 702, a first interface 703 and a corresponding rectifying circuit, and the external charger may be a commercially available charger.
The embodiment of the present application further provides a computer-readable storage medium, in which a computer program is stored, and when the computer program is executed by a processor, the steps of the control method described in any of the above embodiments are implemented. The computer-readable storage medium may include a Random Access Memory (RAM) or a non-volatile Memory (non-volatile Memory), such as at least one disk Memory. Optionally, the memory may also be at least one memory device located remotely from the processor. The Processor may be a general-purpose Processor, and includes a Central Processing Unit (CPU), a Network Processor (NP), and the like; the Integrated Circuit may also be a Digital Signal Processor (DSP), an Application Specific Integrated Circuit (ASIC), a Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) or other Programmable logic device, a discrete Gate or transistor logic device, or a discrete hardware component. It should be understood that the processor described above may be included within an electrochemical device, a charging device, or an electronic device (e.g., a mobile phone, etc.) containing an electrochemical device.
For the charging device/electrochemical device/computer readable storage medium/electronic device embodiment, since it is substantially similar to the method embodiment, the description is relatively simple, and in relation to the description of the method embodiment, reference may be made to some portions of the description of the method embodiment.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the application and is illustrative of the principles of the technology employed. It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that the scope of the disclosure herein is not limited to the particular combination of features described above, but also encompasses other combinations of features described above or equivalents thereof. For example, the above features and the technical features having similar functions disclosed in the present application are mutually replaced to form the technical solution.
Claims (10)
1. An electrochemical device, comprising:
the positive pole piece comprises a positive active material layer, and the positive active material layer comprises a manganese-containing material;
wherein the electrochemical device satisfies the following characteristics:
performing a charging operation on the electrochemical device, in response to a time t > 0 at which the electrochemical device is in a first state in which the electrochemical device is in a non-charged and non-discharged stationary state and a state of charge (SOC) of the electrochemical device satisfies 5% SOC ≦ 35%, acquiring data related to the electrochemical device in the charging operation, and determining a parameter related to a safe state of the electrochemical device based on the data related to the electrochemical device.
2. The electrochemical device of claim 1, wherein the parameter related to the safety state of the electrochemical device comprises a first parameter, the first parameter being determined at time i as follows:
at the ith-nth moment, acquiring the current state of charge (SOC) of the electrochemical device(i-n)And the present voltage D(i-n)Wherein i is more than n, and n is more than or equal to 1;
at the ith moment, acquiring the current state of charge (SOC) of the electrochemical deviceiAnd the present voltage Di;
Determining a first parameter M of the electrochemical device at the ith moment as follows:
Mi=(SOCi-SOC(i-n))/(Di-D(i-n))
wherein, the unit of D is V, and the unit of M is 1/V.
3. The electrochemical device according to claim 2, wherein the electrochemical device further satisfies the following characteristics:
at the ith moment, responding to the SOC of 5 percent less than or equal toi≤35%,DiB is greater than B, 3.88V is less than or equal to B and less than or equal to 4.2V, and MiAnd when the voltage is less than or equal to-1000 ℃, performing charging protection.
4. The electrochemical device according to claim 1, wherein the positive electrode active material layer includes at least one of lithium manganate or lithium iron phosphate.
5. An electronic device comprising the electrochemical device according to any one of claims 1 to 4.
6. A method of controlling an electrochemical device, comprising:
performing a charging operation on the electrochemical device;
acquiring data relating to the electrochemical device in the charging operation in response to a time t > 0 at which the electrochemical device is in a first state in which the electrochemical device is in a non-charged and non-discharged stationary state and a state of charge (SOC) of the electrochemical device satisfies 5% ≦ SOC ≦ 35%;
determining a parameter related to a safety state of the electrochemical device based on the data related to the electrochemical device.
7. The control method according to claim 6, wherein the parameter relating to the safety state of the electrochemical device includes a first parameter, and at the ith time, the first parameter is determined as follows:
at the ith-nth moment, acquiring the current state of charge (SOC) of the electrochemical device(i-n)And the present voltage D(i-n)Wherein i is more than n, and n is more than or equal to 1;
at the ith moment, acquiring the current state of charge S of the electrochemical deviceOCiAnd the present voltage Di;
Determining a first parameter M of the electrochemical device at the ith moment as follows:
Mi=(SOCi-SOC(i-n))/(Di-D(i-n))
wherein, the unit of D is V, and the unit of M is 1/V.
8. The control method according to claim 7, further comprising:
at the ith moment, responding to the SOC of 5 percent less than or equal toi≤35%,DiB is greater than B, 3.88V is less than or equal to B and less than or equal to 4.2V, and MiAnd when the voltage is less than or equal to-1000 ℃, performing charging protection.
9. A computer-readable storage medium, wherein a computer program is stored in the computer-readable storage medium, which computer program, when being executed by a processor, implements the control method according to any one of claims 6 to 8.
10. A charging device comprising a processor and a computer-readable storage medium storing computer-executable instructions executable by the processor, the processor implementing the control method of any one of claims 6 to 8 when executing the computer-executable instructions.
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