CN114121519B - Bistable spring retaining device and working method thereof - Google Patents
Bistable spring retaining device and working method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN114121519B CN114121519B CN202111408709.1A CN202111408709A CN114121519B CN 114121519 B CN114121519 B CN 114121519B CN 202111408709 A CN202111408709 A CN 202111408709A CN 114121519 B CN114121519 B CN 114121519B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H3/00—Mechanisms for operating contacts
- H01H3/32—Driving mechanisms, i.e. for transmitting driving force to the contacts
- H01H3/38—Driving mechanisms, i.e. for transmitting driving force to the contacts using spring or other flexible shaft coupling
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H3/00—Mechanisms for operating contacts
- H01H3/22—Power arrangements internal to the switch for operating the driving mechanism
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H3/00—Mechanisms for operating contacts
- H01H3/32—Driving mechanisms, i.e. for transmitting driving force to the contacts
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Abstract
The invention discloses a bistable spring holding device and a working method thereof, wherein the bistable spring holding device comprises two connecting rods, two pistons, two first springs, two second springs and two piston cylinders; the two connecting rods are the same in size, the front ends are mutually hinged, and the tail ends are respectively connected with the front ends of the pistons; the two piston cylinders are identical in structure, the front ends of the two piston cylinders are symmetrically arranged, the two pistons are respectively arranged at the front ends of the two piston cylinders, a step surface is arranged at the axial middle position of the piston cylinder, the step surface faces to the rear end, the tail end of the first spring is connected with the front end of the corresponding second spring in series, the front end of the first spring is connected with the tail end of the corresponding piston, and the tail end of the second spring is connected with the tail end of the corresponding piston cylinder; the spring stiffness coefficient of the first spring is smaller than the spring stiffness coefficient of the second spring; providing sufficient closing holding force for the mechanism and realizing state holding when the mechanism is at the opening position.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of mechanism transmission, and relates to a bistable spring retaining device and a working method thereof.
Background
A common bistable spring retention device consists of 1 or more pairs of springs uniformly distributed along a drive rod, the springs or disc springs being placed in a cylinder, the amount of compression of the springs or disc springs being used to provide the retention force.
The structure of the existing bistable spring retaining device can ensure the opening and closing positions of the mechanism and provide enough closing retaining force, but brings new problems: 1. in the initial acceleration stage of the mechanism action, the retaining force serves as resistance to reduce the acceleration of the transmission member; 2. the retention force is input into the transmission system in the deceleration buffering stage of the mechanism, so that the movement speed of the transmission system is increased, and the buffering difficulty of the mechanism is increased; 3. the radial force of the steady state spring on the driving member increases the resistance of the rotating member and consumes energy of the system.
Disclosure of Invention
The present invention aims to overcome the above-mentioned drawbacks of the prior art and to provide a bistable spring retention device and a method for operating the same, which provide a sufficient closing retention force for the mechanism and achieve a state retention in the open position of the mechanism.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention is realized by adopting the following technical scheme:
a bistable spring holding device comprises two connecting rods, two pistons, two first springs, two second springs and two piston cylinders;
the two connecting rods are the same in size, the front ends are mutually hinged, and the tail ends are respectively connected with the front ends of the pistons;
the two piston cylinders are identical in structure, the front ends of the two piston cylinders are symmetrically arranged, the two pistons are respectively arranged at the front ends of the two piston cylinders, a step surface is arranged at the axial middle position of the piston cylinder, the step surface faces to the rear end, the tail end of the first spring is connected with the front end of the corresponding second spring in series, the front end of the first spring is connected with the tail end of the corresponding piston, and the tail end of the second spring is connected with the tail end of the corresponding piston cylinder; the spring stiffness coefficient of the first spring is greater than the spring stiffness coefficient of the second spring;
the tail ends of the two piston cylinders are fixed, the sum of the lengths of the two connecting rods is larger than the distance between the front ends of the two piston cylinders and smaller than the distance between the tail ends of the two piston cylinders, and the two piston cylinders are positioned on a straight line after the two connecting rods rotate to the straight line;
when the first spring force value is equal to the second spring force value, the connecting rod is at a specific movement position or a position where the two springs move together, and the specific movement position is between the separation/combination position and the position where the two connecting rods rotate to a straight line.
Preferably, the connecting rod end is hinged to the piston.
Preferably, the tail ends of the two piston cylinders are hinged and fixed, and the connecting rod, the piston and the piston cylinders are coaxially connected.
Preferably, a driving rod is arranged between the two connecting rods, the driving rod is parallel to a straight line formed by connecting the two piston cylinders, and the front ends of the two connecting rods are hinged with the two ends of the driving rod.
Further, a moving rod is arranged on the driving rod and is perpendicular to a straight line formed by connecting the two piston cylinders.
Preferably, a partition plate is arranged in the piston cylinder, the diameter of the partition plate is larger than the inner diameter of the step surface, and the partition plate is positioned between the first spring and the second spring.
Further, the piston cylinder is provided with a groove on the inner wall of the movable area of the partition plate, the groove is arranged along the moving direction of the partition plate, the peripheral surface of the partition plate is provided with a convex block, and the convex block stretches into the groove and is in sliding connection with the groove.
A method of operation based on a bistable spring retention device according to any one of the preceding claims, comprising the steps of:
the retaining device moves downwards from the closing position, when the specific movement position is not reached, the force value relation of the springs is F2=Fx > F1, and the force value of the first spring compressed by the piston is gradually increased; when a specific movement position is reached, f1=f2=fx; the holding device continues to move downwards, when the piston continues to compress the spring under the drive of the connecting rod, the force value of the first spring tends to be larger than Fx, the piston continues to compress the spring in the later stage, the piston pushes the spring to move, the first spring and the second spring realize series synchronous movement, the stiffness coefficient k=k1×k2/(k1+k2) of the series springs, k < k2< k1, and k1 and k2 are the spring stiffness of the first spring and the second spring respectively; at this stage, the piston moves by the same distance S, and the spring force value relationship is k×s < k1×s;
when the holding device is at a specific movement position close to the closing position, the force value F1 of the first spring is equal to the force value F2 of the second spring, when the holding device continues to move upwards, the compression delta of the first spring is reduced, F2=Fx > F1, fx is the force value of the first spring and the second spring when the holding device is at the specific movement position, the moving direction acting force Fy of the middle position of the two connecting rods meets the position holding force Fy=2×F2×tan theta, theta is the angle that the connecting rods rotate to a straight line with the two connecting rods at the moment, and the holding device continues to move to reach the closing position;
when the two connecting rods rotate to a specific position close to the split position, F1=F2=fx, when the connecting rods rotate downwards again, the deformation amount of the piston for compressing the first spring is reduced, at the moment, F2=fx & gtF 1, only the first spring is deformed after that, the acting force Fy of the middle position of the two connecting rods in the moving direction meets the position maintaining force Fy=F2, tan theta, and finally the maintaining device reaches the split position;
the process of moving the holding device from the separated position to the combined position is the same as the above process.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the invention provides enough closing holding force for the mechanism through the compression spring and realizes state holding when the mechanism is at the opening position. The first spring and the second spring separator are connected in series, and the stiffness coefficient of the spring can be reduced by using the springs in series, so that the increasing rate of the spring force value in the motion process is greatly reduced, the state retention force value is ensured to be enough, and meanwhile, the resistance in the middle transmission process is reduced. Compared with the existing mechanism, the system energy is converted into kinetic energy more in the initial stage of starting the connecting rod, so that the speed of the movement of the connecting rod is conveniently improved, the energy conversion input is reduced in the braking stage of the moving rod, the braking of the movement of the connecting rod is conveniently realized, and the use efficiency of the system energy is improved.
Furthermore, the setting of baffle can realize the switching of input and the withdrawal function of second spring in the motion process to guaranteed the minimum threshold of spring equilibrium position and limited the maximum value in the motion process of spring again.
Further, the lug is in sliding connection with the groove, so that the limit of the partition board is realized.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a bistable spring retention device of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a piston cylinder and a baffle plate according to the present invention.
Wherein: 1-a motion bar; 2-connecting rods; 3-piston; 4-a first spring; 5-a separator; 6-a second spring; 7-a piston cylinder; 8-pins; 9-drive rod.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the attached drawing figures:
as shown in fig. 1, the bistable spring holding device of the present invention comprises a driving rod 9, a moving rod 1, two connecting rods 2, a piston 3, a first spring 4, a second spring 6, a partition plate 5 and two piston cylinders 7.
The two connecting rods 2 have the same size, and the tail ends of the two connecting rods are respectively connected with a piston 3 through pins 8; a driving rod 9 is arranged between the two connecting rods 2, the driving rod 9 is parallel to a straight line formed by connecting the two piston cylinders 7, and the front ends of the two connecting rods 2 are hinged with the two ends of the driving rod 9; the driving rod 9 is provided with a moving rod 1, and the moving rod 1 is perpendicular to a straight line formed by connecting two piston cylinders 7.
The two piston cylinders 7 are identical in structure, the front ends of the two piston cylinders are opposite, the second spring 6, the partition plate 5 and the first spring 4 are sequentially arranged in the piston cylinders 7, the two pistons 3 are respectively arranged at the front ends of the two piston cylinders 7, a step surface is arranged at the axial middle position of each piston cylinder 7, the step surface faces to the rear end, the partition plate 5 is positioned in the piston cylinders 7, the diameter of the partition plate 5 is larger than the inner diameter of the step surface, the two ends of the first spring 4 are connected with the front ends of the pistons 3 and the partition plate 5, and the second spring 6 is connected with the rear end of the partition plate 5 and the tail end of the piston cylinder 7; as shown in fig. 2, a U-shaped groove is formed in the piston cylinder 7, a circular projection is formed on the partition plate 5, and the partition plate 5 is movable in the piston cylinder 7 along the U-shaped groove within a certain range.
The tail ends of the two piston cylinders 7 are fixed or hinged, and when the tail ends of the two piston cylinders 7 are fixed, the tail ends of the connecting rod 2 are hinged with the piston 3; when the ends of the two piston cylinders 7 are hinged and fixed, the connecting rod 2, the piston 3 and the piston cylinders 7 are coaxially connected.
The sum of the lengths of the two connecting rods 2 and the moving rod 1 is larger than the distance between the front ends of the two piston cylinders 7 and smaller than the distance between the tail ends of the two piston cylinders 7, the position where the two connecting rods 2 and the moving rod 1 rotate to the straight line is the middle position or the dead position, and the two piston cylinders 7 are positioned on the straight line of the middle position.
The spring stiffness coefficient of the first spring 4 is larger than the spring stiffness coefficient of the second spring 6; when the force value of the first spring 4 is equal to the force value of the second spring 6, the connecting rod 2 is positioned at a specific movement position or the position where the two springs move together, and the specific movement position is positioned between the separation and combination position and the middle position.
As shown in fig. 1, the motion rod 1 moves downwards to drive the piston 3 to realize linear reciprocating motion through the connecting rod 2, the first spring 4 is compressed when the piston 3 moves, as the compression amount and the force value of the first spring 4 change, the baffle 5 and the second spring 6 realize the switching of the input and the exit functions at different positions, and as the stiffness coefficient of the spring system for switching the input and the exit functions of the second spring 6 in the motion process of the piston 3 also changes simultaneously, the force value applied to the piston 3 by the spring system is finally changed.
As shown in fig. 1, initially, when the distance mechanism is switched on, namely, a specific motion position, stiffness coefficients K of the first spring 4 and the second spring 6 are set, and when the partition plate 5 is located at the inner side of the U-shaped groove of the piston cylinder 7, a force value F1 of the first spring 4 is equal to a force value F2 of the second spring 6, namely, a spring stiffness coefficient K1 > K2 is set, and a spring deformation delta 1 < delta 2 is set, so that f1=f2=fx, fx is the force value of the first spring 4 and the second spring 6 when the specific motion position is set.
As shown in fig. 1, when the holding device moves downwards from the closing position and does not reach the specific movement position, the force value relationship of the springs is f2=fx > F1, and the force value of the piston 3 compressing the first spring 4 is gradually increased; when a specific movement position is reached, f1=f2=fx; the holding device continues to move downwards, when the piston 3 continues to compress the spring under the drive of the connecting rod 2, the force value of the first spring 4 tends to be larger than Fx, and after that, the piston 3 continues to compress the spring, the piston 3 pushes the spring to move, the first spring 4 and the second spring 6 realize series synchronous movement, the stiffness coefficient k=k1×k2/(k1+k2) of the series springs, k < k2< k1, and k1 and k2 are the spring stiffness of the first spring 4 and the second spring 6 respectively; at this stage, the piston 3 moves the same distance S, the spring force value relationship is k×s < k1×s;
when the holding device is at a specific movement position close to the closing position, the force value F1 of the first spring 4 is equal to the force value F2 of the second spring 6, when the holding device continues to move upwards, the compression delta of the first spring is reduced, F2=Fx > F1, fx is the force value of the first spring 4 and the second spring 6 at the specific movement position, the moving direction acting force Fy of the middle position of the two connecting rods 2 meets the position holding force Fy=2xF2xtan theta, theta is the angle that the connecting rods 2 rotate to a straight line with the two connecting rods 2 at the moment, and the movement is continued to reach the closing position of the holding device;
when the two connecting rods 2 rotate to a specific position close to the split position, f1=f2=fx, when the connecting rods 2 rotate downwards again, the deformation amount of the piston 3 compressing the first spring 4 is reduced, at the moment, f2=fx > F1, only the first spring 4 is deformed afterwards, the acting force Fy of the middle position of the two connecting rods 2 in the moving direction meets the position maintaining force fy=f2×tan theta, and finally the maintaining device reaches the split position;
the process of moving the holding device from the separated position to the combined position is the same as the above process.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical aspects of the present invention and not for limiting the same, and although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, it should be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: modifications and equivalents may be made to the specific embodiments of the invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, which is intended to be covered by the claims.
Claims (8)
1. A bistable spring retention device, characterized in that it comprises two connecting rods (2), two pistons (3), two first springs (4), two second springs (6) and two piston cylinders (7);
the two connecting rods (2) have the same size, the front ends are mutually hinged, and the tail ends are respectively connected with the front ends of a piston (3);
the two piston cylinders (7) are identical in structure and are symmetrically arranged at the front ends, the two pistons (3) are respectively arranged at the front ends of the two piston cylinders (7), a step surface is arranged at the axial middle position of the piston cylinder (7), the step surface faces to the rear end, the tail end of the first spring (4) is connected in series with the front end of the corresponding second spring (6), the front end of the first spring (4) is connected with the tail end of the corresponding piston (3), and the tail end of the second spring (6) is connected with the tail end of the corresponding piston cylinder (7); the spring stiffness coefficient of the first spring (4) is larger than that of the second spring (6);
the tail ends of the two piston cylinders (7) are fixed, the sum of the lengths of the two connecting rods (2) is larger than the distance between the front ends of the two piston cylinders (7) and smaller than the distance between the tail ends of the two piston cylinders (7), and the two piston cylinders (7) are positioned on the straight line after the two connecting rods (2) rotate to the straight line;
when the force value of the first spring (4) is equal to the force value of the second spring (6), the connecting rod (2) is positioned at a specific movement position or a position where the two springs move together, and the specific movement position is positioned between the separation/combination position and the position where the two connecting rods (2) rotate to a straight line.
2. Bistable spring retention device according to claim 1, characterized in that the end of the connecting rod (2) is hinged to the piston (3).
3. Bistable spring retention device according to claim 1, characterized in that the ends of the two piston cylinders (7) are hinged and the connecting rod (2), the piston (3) and the piston cylinders (7) are coaxially connected.
4. Bistable spring retention device according to claim 1, characterized in that a driving rod (9) is arranged between the two connecting rods (2), the driving rod (9) is parallel to the straight line formed by the connection of the two piston cylinders (7), and the front ends of the two connecting rods (2) are hinged to the two ends of the driving rod (9).
5. Bistable spring retention device according to claim 4, characterized in that the driving rod (9) is provided with a movement rod (1), the movement rod (1) being perpendicular to the line of connection of the two piston cylinders (7).
6. Bistable spring retention device according to claim 1, characterized in that a diaphragm (5) is arranged inside the piston cylinder (7), the diaphragm (5) being larger in diameter than the inner diameter of the step surface, the diaphragm (5) being located between the first spring (4) and the second spring (6).
7. Bistable spring retention device according to claim 6, characterized in that the piston cylinder (7) is provided with grooves on the inner wall of the active area of the partition (5), which grooves are arranged in the direction of movement of the partition (5), and that the peripheral surface of the partition (5) is provided with projections which extend into the grooves and are in sliding connection with the same.
8. A method of operating a bistable spring retention device according to any one of claims 1 to 7, comprising the steps of:
the retaining device moves downwards from the closing position, when the specific movement position is not reached, the force value relationship of the springs is F2=Fx > F1, and the force value of the first spring (4) is gradually increased when the piston (3) compresses; when a specific movement position is reached, f1=f2=fx; the holding device continues to move downwards, when the piston (3) continues to compress the spring under the drive of the connecting rod (2), the force value of the first spring (4) tends to be larger than Fx, the piston (3) continues to compress the spring at the later stage, the piston (3) pushes the spring to move, the first spring (4) and the second spring (6) realize series synchronous movement, the stiffness coefficient k=k1+k2 of the series springs is k 2/(k1+k2), and k < k2< k1, k1 and k2 are the spring stiffness of the first spring (4) and the second spring (6) respectively; at this stage, the piston (3) moves by the same distance S, the spring force value relationship is k x S < k1 x S;
when the holding device is at a specific movement position close to the closing position, the force value F1 of the first spring (4) is equal to the force value F2 of the second spring (6), when the holding device continues to move upwards, the compression delta of the first spring is reduced, F2=Fx > F1, fx is the force value of the first spring (4) and the second spring (6) at the specific movement position, the moving direction acting force Fy of the middle position of the two connecting rods (2) meets the position holding force Fy=2F2tan theta, theta is the angle that the connecting rods (2) rotate to a straight line with the two connecting rods (2) at the moment, and the movement is continued to reach the closing position of the holding device;
when the two connecting rods (2) rotate to a specific position close to the split position, F1=F2=fx, when the connecting rods (2) rotate downwards again, the deformation amount of the piston (3) compressing the first spring (4) is reduced, at the moment, F2=fx > F1, only the first spring (4) deforms afterwards, the acting force Fy in the moving direction of the middle position of the two connecting rods (2) meets the position maintaining force Fy=F2×tan theta, and finally the maintaining device reaches the split position;
the process of moving the holding device from the separated position to the combined position is the same as the above process.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202111408709.1A CN114121519B (en) | 2021-11-24 | 2021-11-24 | Bistable spring retaining device and working method thereof |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202111408709.1A CN114121519B (en) | 2021-11-24 | 2021-11-24 | Bistable spring retaining device and working method thereof |
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| CN114121519B true CN114121519B (en) | 2023-06-20 |
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| CN114121519A (en) | 2022-03-01 |
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