CN114121400B - Simplified permanent magnet star simulator device - Google Patents
Simplified permanent magnet star simulator device Download PDFInfo
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- CN114121400B CN114121400B CN202111373750.XA CN202111373750A CN114121400B CN 114121400 B CN114121400 B CN 114121400B CN 202111373750 A CN202111373750 A CN 202111373750A CN 114121400 B CN114121400 B CN 114121400B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
- H01F7/00—Magnets
- H01F7/02—Permanent magnets [PM]
- H01F7/0273—Magnetic circuits with PM for magnetic field generation
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- G—PHYSICS
- G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
- G21B—FUSION REACTORS
- G21B1/00—Thermonuclear fusion reactors
- G21B1/05—Thermonuclear fusion reactors with magnetic or electric plasma confinement
- G21B1/055—Stellarators
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
- H01F7/00—Magnets
- H01F7/06—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets
- H01F7/20—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets without armatures
- H01F7/202—Electromagnets for high magnetic field strength
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E30/00—Energy generation of nuclear origin
- Y02E30/10—Nuclear fusion reactors
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Abstract
The invention provides a simplified permanent magnet star simulator device. The device adopts a rectangular polar section vacuum chamber to contain plasma, a rectangular planar coil which surrounds the vacuum chamber and is uniformly distributed in the circumferential direction generates a circumferential magnetic field required by the magnetic field position type of the star-like device, and a standardized permanent magnet module which is arranged outside the vacuum chamber and has the magnetization direction pointing to or deviating from the vacuum chamber generates a polar magnetic field required by the magnetic field position type of the star-like device. The invention greatly simplifies the complex coil system and the vacuum chamber structure of the star simulator device, and can remarkably reduce the construction difficulty and cost of the star simulator, so that the star simulator has excellent economical competitiveness and is very suitable for being used as a plasma experiment research device or providing a high-parameter plasma source for the application field of plasmas.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of magnetic confinement fusion energy, relates to the physical and engineering design of a star simulator, and particularly relates to a simplified permanent magnet star simulator device.
Background
The star simulator is one of the most important research device types in the field of magneto-confined fusion research, and is used for confining plasma through a three-dimensional asymmetric magnetic field. However, due to the asymmetric nature of the magnetic field pattern, the star simulator typically requires the use of very complex three-dimensional twisted coils to generate the magnetic field. Complex three-dimensional coils, especially superconducting coils, are manufactured and assembled with sufficient precision, with great difficulty and high cost. In addition, since the coil design program in the past requires coil design on the surface of the vacuum chamber (winding curved surface), if the surface of the vacuum chamber is similar to the plasma boundary shape, a simple coil is easy to find, which results in a very complex shape structure of the star simulator vacuum chamber, and thus the difficulty and cost of processing and manufacturing the star simulator vacuum chamber are also very high. Even though a procedure for designing a coil independent of the curved surface of a vacuum chamber has been developed recently, the space for designing the vacuum chamber around the coil is still very limited due to the complicated shape of the coil itself and the arrangement thereof, and thus there is still a great limitation in designing the vacuum chamber.
Recent researches show that the permanent magnet combined with the planar coil can replace a three-dimensional twisted wire coil to generate a magnetic field position type of a star simulator, the planar coil is used for generating a main circumferential magnetic field, and the permanent magnet is used for generating a polar magnetic field and partially rotating and transforming. The planar coil has very mature and advanced processing and manufacturing technology, and the production difficulty and the cost are far lower than those of the complex three-dimensional twisted coil. The permanent magnet is low in price and does not need energy maintenance, so that the design of combining the permanent magnet with the planar coil can greatly reduce the construction difficulty and cost of the star simulator. The published patent CN202011636945.4 has proposed a standardized permanent magnet design based on this concept, which lays a solid foundation for engineering implementation of permanent magnet star simulators. In addition, the characteristic that the permanent magnets can be freely and flexibly arranged greatly increases the freedom degree of the design of the star simulator, and the feasibility is provided for the simplified design of the vacuum chamber of the star simulator. Recently, the university of Prins, U.S. is developing a small permanent magnet star simulator device (MUSE) that uses circular planar coils and circular polar cross-section vacuum chambers, simplifying the structure of the star simulator to some extent. However, the distribution of the permanent magnets arranged outside the vacuum chamber and the corresponding magnet frame structure are complex, and the assembly accuracy of the permanent magnets is difficult to control.
Because the star simulator has very attractive advantages such as steady-state operation, no cracking risk, low recycling energy and the like, the star simulator device with simple engineering and low manufacturing cost can greatly promote the development of the research of the star simulator, and the star simulator can be used as a plasma experiment research device and can also provide a high-parameter plasma source for the application field of plasmas.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the characteristic that the coil system of the star simulator has a complex structure of a vacuum chamber, the invention provides a simplified permanent magnet star simulator device. The device adopts a rectangular planar coil and a standardized permanent magnet module for generating the magnetic field position type required by the star simulator, and simultaneously adopts a rectangular polar section vacuum chamber, thereby greatly simplifying the structure of the vacuum chamber of the star simulator. The invention obviously reduces the structural complexity of the star simulator and can greatly reduce the construction difficulty and cost of the star simulator.
A simplified permanent magnet star simulator device comprises a rectangular polar section vacuum chamber for accommodating plasma, a standardized permanent magnet module and a rectangular planar coil;
the rectangular polar section vacuum chamber is of a circular symmetrical structure, the inner side (high field side) and the outer side (low field side) are curved surfaces, and the top and bottom are plane surfaces;
all the magnet blocks of the standardized permanent magnet module are rectangular solids with the same shape and size, and each magnet is uniformly magnetized along the direction perpendicular to the respective surface;
the standardized permanent magnet module is arranged outside the rectangular pole section vacuum chamber, no empty space exists in each column of magnets, and the magnetization directions of all the magnet blocks in the same column are the same;
the standardized permanent magnet module magnetization direction points to or deviates from the rectangular polar section vacuum chamber, wherein the permanent magnet magnetization direction is upward or downward perpendicular to the top or bottom plane at the top or bottom of the rectangular polar section vacuum chamber, and the permanent magnet is inward or outward at the tangential plane corresponding to the annular position of the curved surface at the inner side or outer side of the rectangular polar section vacuum chamber at different annular position magnetization directions;
the rectangular planar coil is vertically disposed about the rectangular pole-to-section vacuum chamber and standardized permanent magnet modules.
Further, for each rectangular planar coil, there is a curvature at the corners thereof.
Furthermore, the rectangular polar section of the rectangular polar section vacuum chamber can be replaced by regular shapes such as pentagons, hexagons, heptagons, octagons and the like according to design requirements, and standardized permanent magnet modules with the magnetization directions pointing to or departing from the vacuum chamber can be arranged at corresponding positions.
Further, the magnet block shape of the standardized permanent magnet module may be replaced by other regular shapes, including: parallelogram prisms, triangular prisms, trapezoid prisms, etc., which can be obtained by splitting and combining regular rectangular shapes.
Further, the residual magnetic intensities of all the magnet blocks of the standardized permanent magnet module can be the same, but the magnet blocks at different positions can also be selected to have different residual magnetic intensities according to requirements.
Further, the apparatus also includes a polar field coil system including a center solenoid and a balance field coil; the central solenoid is arranged in the center of the device; the balance field coil is provided with one or more balance field coils and is arranged on the periphery of the device.
Furthermore, the permanent magnet star simulator device can select whether to use an auxiliary system such as the polar field coil system for plasma breakdown, heating and position control according to requirements.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) The invention adopts the vacuum chamber with rectangular polar cross section, greatly simplifies the complex vacuum chamber structure of the existing star-like device, and has lower production and processing difficulty and cost. Furthermore, a vacuum chamber of regular shape in polar cross section is very advantageous for permanent magnet arrangement.
(2) According to the structural characteristics of the rectangular pole-to-section vacuum chamber, a simple standardized permanent magnet module arrangement mode is provided, and the degree of freedom of installation of the permanent magnet blocks is less in the arrangement mode, so that on one hand, the difficulty of controlling the assembly accuracy of the magnet can be remarkably reduced, and on the other hand, the difficulty and cost of maintenance of a subsequent device are also reduced.
(3) The adoption of the rectangular planar coil greatly simplifies the complex three-dimensional twisted coil system of the existing star simulator. As one of the most important systems of the star simulator device, simplification of the coil system can greatly reduce the construction difficulty and cost of the star simulator.
(4) The combination of a rectangular pole-section vacuum chamber and rectangular planar coil can leave a larger space on the high field side for other structural arrangements such as pole-field coil systems for plasma breakdown, heating and position control.
Drawings
Fig. 1 shows a simplified permanent magnet star simulator device according to the invention:
(1) rectangular pole-to-section vacuum chamber, (2) standardized permanent magnet modules, (3) rectangular planar coils, and (4) plasma. Only half of the rectangular pole-to-section vacuum chamber (1), standardized permanent magnet modules (2) and rectangular planar coils (3) are shown here.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the grid division of the standardized permanent magnet module of the present invention, showing only the circumferential (0, pi/6) inner permanent magnet grid.
FIG. 3 is a top view of the mesh division of the normalized permanent magnet module in the circumferential direction (0, pi/6) shown in FIG. 2.
FIG. 4 is a simplified permanent magnet star simulator apparatus of the invention with the addition of a polar field coil system:
(1) rectangular pole-to-section vacuum chamber, (2) standardized permanent magnet modules, (3) rectangular planar coils, (4) plasma, (5) center solenoid, and (6) balanced field coils. Only half of the rectangular pole-to-section vacuum chamber (1), standardized permanent magnet modules (2) and rectangular planar coils (3) are shown here.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described below with reference to the drawings and specific examples.
According to an embodiment of the invention, as shown in fig. 1, a simplified permanent magnet star simulator device is proposed, comprising a rectangular polar cross-section vacuum chamber (1) for accommodating a plasma (4), a standardized permanent magnet module (2) and a rectangular planar coil (3);
the rectangular polar section vacuum chamber (1) is of a circular symmetrical structure, the inner side (high field side) and the outer side (low field side) are curved surfaces, and the top and bottom are plane surfaces;
all the magnet blocks of the standardized permanent magnet module (2) are rectangular solids with the same shape and size, each magnet is uniformly magnetized along the direction perpendicular to the respective surface, and the residual magnetic intensities of all the magnet blocks are the same;
the standardized permanent magnet module (2) is arranged outside the rectangular pole section vacuum chamber (1), no empty space exists in each column of magnets consisting of magnet blocks, and the magnetization directions of all the magnet blocks in the same column are the same;
the magnetization direction of the standardized permanent magnet module (2) points to or deviates from the rectangular polar section vacuum chamber (1), wherein the magnetization direction of the permanent magnet is vertical to the top or bottom plane upwards or downwards at the top or bottom of the rectangular polar section vacuum chamber (1), and the magnetization direction of the permanent magnet is vertical to the tangential plane inwards or outwards of the corresponding annular position of the curved surface at the inner side or the outer side of the rectangular polar section vacuum chamber (1) at different annular positions at the inner side or the outer side of the rectangular polar section vacuum chamber (1);
the rectangular planar coils (3) are vertically arranged around the rectangular polar section vacuum chamber (1) and the standardized permanent magnet modules (2) and are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction, and for each rectangular planar coil, the corners of the rectangular planar coil are of 90-degree arc structures with the same radius.
Fig. 2 and 3 show an initial meshing of the standardized permanent magnet module (2) of fig. 1, showing only the permanent magnet mesh in the circumferential direction (0, pi/6), wherein fig. 2 is a three-dimensional view of the permanent magnet mesh and fig. 3 is a top view of fig. 2. The permanent magnets are grid-divided in a Cartesian coordinate system with the center of the device as an origin at the top and the bottom of the rectangular polar section vacuum chamber (1), and corresponding sides of the length, width and height of the magnet blocks are parallel to corresponding X, Y and Z coordinate axes of the Cartesian coordinate system; and (3) carrying out grid division on the permanent magnets in the Cartesian coordinate system corresponding to the large column coordinate system by taking the center of the device as the origin on the inner side and the outer side of the rectangular polar section vacuum chamber (1), firstly uniformly dividing a layer of permanent magnet grid along the longitudinal direction (Z) and the circumferential direction (phi) at the radial (R) minimum radius position of each magnet division area for the inner side and the outer side of the magnet, and then expanding the permanent magnet grid to the designated magnet design area boundary along the radial direction (R) by taking the corresponding first layer of permanent magnet grid as the starting point.
The standardized permanent magnet module (2) specific arrangement is designed on the initial magnet grid shown in fig. 2 and 3 according to the design method developed by the design strategy proposed in the published patent CN 202011636945.4.
The rectangular polar section of the vacuum chamber (1) in fig. 1 can be replaced by regular shapes such as pentagons, hexagons, heptagons, octagons and the like according to design requirements, and the standardized permanent magnet modules (2) with the magnetization directions pointing to or departing from the vacuum chamber can be arranged at corresponding positions. The magnet block shape of the standardized permanent magnet module (2) can be replaced by other regular shapes, including: parallelogram prisms, triangular prisms, trapezoid prisms, etc. can be split and combined into shapes by regular cuboid shapes.
Furthermore, the simplified permanent magnet star simulator arrangement shown in fig. 1 can add a polar field coil system for plasma breakdown, heating and position control, which polar field coil system comprises a central solenoid (5) and a balancing field coil (6), as shown in fig. 4. The central solenoid (5) is arranged in the center of the device, the balance field coils (6) are arranged on the periphery of the device, and the number of the balance field coils can be adjusted according to design requirements.
Parts of the invention not described in detail are well known in the art.
While the foregoing describes illustrative embodiments of the present invention to facilitate an understanding of the present invention by those skilled in the art, it should be understood that the present invention is not limited to the scope of the embodiments, but is to be construed as protected by the accompanying claims insofar as various changes are within the spirit and scope of the present invention as defined and defined by the appended claims.
Claims (5)
1. A simplified permanent magnet star simulator device comprising a rectangular pole-to-section vacuum chamber (1) for containing a plasma (4), standardized permanent magnet modules (2), and rectangular planar coils (3), characterized in that:
the rectangular polar section vacuum chamber (1) has a rectangular polar section, is of an annular symmetrical structure as a whole, has curved surfaces on the inner side and the outer side, and has a plane on the top and the bottom;
all the magnet blocks in the standardized permanent magnet module (2) are rectangular solids with the same shape and size, and each magnet is uniformly magnetized along the direction perpendicular to the respective surface;
the standardized permanent magnet module (2) is arranged outside the rectangular pole section vacuum chamber (1), no empty space exists in each column of magnets formed by the magnet blocks, and the magnetization directions of all the magnet blocks in the same column are the same;
the magnetization direction of the standardized permanent magnet module (2) points to or deviates from the rectangular polar section vacuum chamber (1), wherein the magnetization direction of the permanent magnet is vertical to the top or bottom plane upwards or downwards at the top or bottom of the rectangular polar section vacuum chamber (1), and the magnetization direction of the permanent magnet is vertical to the tangential plane inwards or outwards of the corresponding annular position of the curved surface at the inner side or the outer side of the rectangular polar section vacuum chamber (1) at different annular positions at the inner side or the outer side of the rectangular polar section vacuum chamber (1);
the rectangular planar coil (3) is vertically arranged around the rectangular polar section vacuum chamber (1) and the standardized permanent magnet module (2);
and a certain radian exists at the corner of the rectangular planar coil (3).
2. A simplified permanent magnet star simulator device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the rectangular polar section is replaced by pentagonal, hexagonal, heptagonal and octagonal regular polygonal shapes according to design requirements by the rectangular polar section vacuum chamber (1), and standardized permanent magnet modules with magnetization directions pointing to or deviating from the vacuum chamber are also arranged at corresponding positions.
3. A simplified permanent magnet star simulator device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the shape of the magnet blocks in the standardized permanent magnet module (2) can be replaced by other regular shapes, including: parallelogram prism, triangular prism, trapezoid prism, these shapes are obtained by splitting and combining the regular cuboid shapes.
4. A simplified permanent magnet star simulator device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the residual magnetic intensities of the magnet blocks in the standardized permanent magnet module (2) are all the same, but the magnet blocks at different positions select different residual magnetic intensities according to design requirements.
5. A simplified permanent magnet star simulator device according to claim 1, characterized in that:
the device further comprises a polar field coil system comprising a central solenoid (5) and a balancing field coil (6); -said central solenoid (5) is arranged in the centre of the device; the balance field coil (6) is provided with one or more balance field coils and is arranged on the periphery of the device.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111373750.XA CN114121400B (en) | 2021-11-19 | 2021-11-19 | Simplified permanent magnet star simulator device |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111373750.XA CN114121400B (en) | 2021-11-19 | 2021-11-19 | Simplified permanent magnet star simulator device |
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| CN114121400A CN114121400A (en) | 2022-03-01 |
| CN114121400B true CN114121400B (en) | 2023-07-14 |
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Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CA2576974A1 (en) * | 2002-10-23 | 2004-04-23 | Yamaha Corporation | Magnetic sensor, production process of the magnetic sensor and magnetic array suitable for the production process |
| WO2009048294A2 (en) * | 2007-10-11 | 2009-04-16 | Seoul National University Industry Foundation | Magnetized inductively coupled plasma processing apparatus and generating method |
| CN112786273A (en) * | 2020-12-31 | 2021-05-11 | 中国科学院合肥物质科学研究院 | Star simulator magnet based on cubic permanent magnet block and optimal arrangement method thereof |
Family Cites Families (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP3835447B2 (en) * | 2002-10-23 | 2006-10-18 | ヤマハ株式会社 | Magnetic sensor, method for manufacturing the same, and magnet array suitable for the method |
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Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CA2576974A1 (en) * | 2002-10-23 | 2004-04-23 | Yamaha Corporation | Magnetic sensor, production process of the magnetic sensor and magnetic array suitable for the production process |
| WO2009048294A2 (en) * | 2007-10-11 | 2009-04-16 | Seoul National University Industry Foundation | Magnetized inductively coupled plasma processing apparatus and generating method |
| CN112786273A (en) * | 2020-12-31 | 2021-05-11 | 中国科学院合肥物质科学研究院 | Star simulator magnet based on cubic permanent magnet block and optimal arrangement method thereof |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| EAST上极向场线圈位置测量方法的研究与设计;李,罗家融,王华忠,黄勤超;计算机测量与控制(第08期);全文 * |
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