CN114121400A - Simplified permanent magnet star simulator device - Google Patents
Simplified permanent magnet star simulator device Download PDFInfo
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- CN114121400A CN114121400A CN202111373750.XA CN202111373750A CN114121400A CN 114121400 A CN114121400 A CN 114121400A CN 202111373750 A CN202111373750 A CN 202111373750A CN 114121400 A CN114121400 A CN 114121400A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
- H01F7/00—Magnets
- H01F7/02—Permanent magnets [PM]
- H01F7/0273—Magnetic circuits with PM for magnetic field generation
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- G—PHYSICS
- G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
- G21B—FUSION REACTORS
- G21B1/00—Thermonuclear fusion reactors
- G21B1/05—Thermonuclear fusion reactors with magnetic or electric plasma confinement
- G21B1/055—Stellarators
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
- H01F7/00—Magnets
- H01F7/06—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets
- H01F7/20—Electromagnets; Actuators including electromagnets without armatures
- H01F7/202—Electromagnets for high magnetic field strength
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E30/00—Energy generation of nuclear origin
- Y02E30/10—Nuclear fusion reactors
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- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- High Energy & Nuclear Physics (AREA)
- Plasma Technology (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a simplified permanent magnet star simulator device. The device adopts a vacuum chamber with a rectangular polar section to contain plasma, rectangular plane coils which are circumferentially and uniformly distributed around the vacuum chamber generate a toroidal magnetic field required by the magnetic field position of the star simulator, and a standardized permanent magnet module which is arranged outside the vacuum chamber and has the magnetization direction pointing to or deviating from the vacuum chamber generates a polar magnetic field required by the magnetic field position of the star simulator. The invention greatly simplifies the complex coil system and the vacuum chamber structure of the star simulator device, can obviously reduce the construction difficulty and the cost of the star simulator, has excellent economic competitiveness, and is very suitable for being used as a plasma experimental research device or providing a high-parameter plasma source for the field of plasma application.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of magnetic confinement fusion energy, relates to physical and engineering design of a star simulator, and particularly relates to a simplified permanent magnet star simulator device.
Background
The star simulator is one of the most important research device types in the field of magnetic confinement fusion research, and is used for confining plasma through a three-dimensional asymmetric magnetic field. However, due to the asymmetric nature of its magnetic field configuration, the stellarator usually requires the use of very complex three-dimensional twisted coils to generate the magnetic field. Complex three-dimensional coils, especially superconducting coils, are manufactured and assembled with sufficient precision, which is difficult and costly. In addition, since the coil design is performed on the surface of the vacuum chamber (winding surface) by the conventional coil design program, if the surface of the vacuum chamber is similar to the shape of the plasma boundary, a simple coil is easy to find, which results in a very complicated shape structure of the vacuum chamber of the star simulator, and thus the processing and manufacturing difficulty and cost are high. Even though a procedure for designing a coil without depending on a curved surface of a vacuum chamber has been developed recently, the space for designing the vacuum chamber is very limited due to the complicated shape of the coil itself and the arrangement thereof, and thus there is still a great limitation in the design of the vacuum chamber.
Recent research shows that the permanent magnet and the planar coil can replace a three-dimensional torsion curve coil to generate a star simulator magnetic field position type, the planar coil is used for generating a main annular magnetic field, and the permanent magnet is used for generating a polar magnetic field and partial rotation transformation. The planar coil has a mature and advanced manufacturing process, and the production difficulty and cost of the planar coil are far lower than those of a complex three-dimensional twisted coil. The permanent magnet is low in price and does not need energy maintenance, so that the construction difficulty and the cost of the star simulator can be greatly reduced by combining the permanent magnet with a planar coil. The published patent CN202011636945.4 has proposed a standardized permanent magnet design based on this concept, which lays a solid foundation for the engineering realization of permanent magnet star imitators. In addition, the free and flexible arrangement of the permanent magnets greatly increases the degree of freedom of the design of the star simulator, which provides feasibility for the simplified design of the vacuum chamber of the star simulator. Recently, the university of princeton, usa, is developing a small permanent magnet star simulator (MUSE) device, which adopts a circular planar coil and a circular polar section vacuum chamber, and simplifies the structure of the star simulator to a certain extent. However, the distribution of the permanent magnets arranged outside the vacuum chamber and the corresponding magnet frame structure are complex, and the assembly precision control difficulty of the permanent magnets is high.
Because the star simulator has many attractive advantages such as steady-state operation, no rupture risk, low recycling energy and the like, a star simulator device with simple engineering and low cost can greatly promote the development of the research of the star simulator, and can be used as a plasma experiment research device and also can provide a high-parameter plasma source for the field of plasma application.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the characteristics of a star simulator coil system and complex structure of a vacuum chamber, the invention provides a simplified permanent magnet star simulator device. The device adopts a rectangular plane coil and a standardized permanent magnet module to generate the magnetic field position type required by the star simulator, and simultaneously adopts a vacuum chamber with a rectangular polar section, thereby greatly simplifying the structure of the vacuum chamber of the star simulator. The invention obviously reduces the structural complexity of the satellite simulator and can greatly reduce the construction difficulty and the cost of the satellite simulator.
A simplified permanent magnet star simulator device comprises a rectangular poloidal cross-section vacuum chamber for accommodating plasma, a standardized permanent magnet module and a rectangular planar coil;
the vacuum chamber with the rectangular poloidal section is of an annular symmetrical structure, the inner side (high field side) and the outer side (low field side) are curved surfaces, and the top and the bottom are planes;
all the magnet blocks of the standardized permanent magnet module are cuboids with the same shape and size, and each magnet is uniformly magnetized along the direction vertical to the surface of the magnet block;
the standardized permanent magnet module is arranged outside the vacuum chamber with the rectangular polar section, no vacant space exists in each row of magnets, and the magnetization directions of all the magnet blocks in the same row are the same;
the magnetization direction of the standardized permanent magnet module points to or deviates from the rectangular poloidal section vacuum chamber, wherein the magnetization direction of the permanent magnet is vertical to the top or bottom plane and upwards or downwards at the top or bottom of the rectangular poloidal section vacuum chamber, and the magnetization direction of the permanent magnet is vertical to the inward or outward tangent plane of the circumferential position corresponding to the inner side or outer side curved surface of the rectangular poloidal section vacuum chamber at different circumferential positions;
the rectangular planar coil is vertically arranged around the rectangular poloidal section vacuum chamber and the standardized permanent magnet module.
Further, for each rectangular planar coil, there is a certain arc at its corners.
Furthermore, the rectangular polar section of the vacuum chamber with the rectangular polar section can be replaced by regular shapes such as pentagons, hexagons, heptagons and octagons according to design requirements, and the standardized permanent magnet modules with the magnetization directions pointing to or deviating from the vacuum chamber can be arranged at corresponding positions.
Further, the magnet block shape of the standardized permanent magnet module may be replaced by other regular shapes, including: parallelogram prisms, triangular prisms, trapezoidal prisms, etc., which can be obtained by splitting and combining regular rectangular parallelepiped shapes.
Further, the remanence of all magnet blocks of the standardized permanent magnet module may be the same, but the magnet blocks at different positions may also be selected to have different remanence according to requirements.
Further, the apparatus also includes a poloidal field coil system including a central solenoid and a balanced field coil; the central solenoid is arranged in the center of the device; the balance field coil has one or more coils disposed at the periphery of the device.
Further, the permanent magnet star simulator device can select whether an auxiliary system such as the poloidal field coil system is used for plasma breakdown, heating and position control according to requirements.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) the invention adopts the vacuum chamber with the rectangular poloidal section, greatly simplifies the complex vacuum chamber structure of the prior star simulator, and has lower production and processing difficulty and cost. Furthermore, a vacuum chamber with a regular shape poloidal cross section is very advantageous for the permanent magnet arrangement.
(2) According to the structural characteristics of the vacuum chamber with the rectangular polar section, a simple standardized arrangement mode of the permanent magnet modules is provided, the freedom degree of installation of the permanent magnet blocks is low, on one hand, the difficulty of magnet assembly precision control can be obviously reduced, and on the other hand, the difficulty and the cost of subsequent device maintenance are also reduced.
(3) The adoption of the rectangular planar coil greatly simplifies the complex three-dimensional twisted coil system of the existing star simulator. As one of the most important systems of the star simulator device, the simplification of a coil system can greatly reduce the difficulty and the cost of the construction of the star simulator.
(4) The combination of a rectangular poloidal cross-section vacuum chamber and a rectangular planar coil can leave a larger space on the high-field side for the arrangement of other structures, such as poloidal field coil systems for breakdown, heating and position control of the plasma.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a simplified permanent magnet star simulator device according to the present invention:
(1) a vacuum chamber with a rectangular polar section, (2) a standardized permanent magnet module, (3) a rectangular planar coil, and (4) plasma. Only half of the rectangular poloidal cross-section vacuum chamber (1), the standardized permanent magnet module (2) and the rectangular planar coil (3) are shown here.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the standard permanent magnet module meshing of the present invention, in which only circumferential (0, pi/6) inner permanent magnet meshes are shown.
Fig. 3 is a top view of the modular meshing of the standardized permanent magnet in the circumferential direction (0, pi/6) shown in fig. 2.
Fig. 4 is a simplified permanent magnet startracker arrangement of the present invention with the addition of poloidal field coil systems:
(1) the plasma generator comprises a vacuum chamber with a rectangular polar section, (2) a standardized permanent magnet module, (3) a rectangular planar coil, (4) plasma, (5) a central solenoid, and (6) a balance field coil. Only half of the rectangular poloidal cross-section vacuum chamber (1), the standardized permanent magnet module (2) and the rectangular planar coil (3) are shown here.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described with reference to the following figures and specific examples.
According to an embodiment of the invention, as shown in fig. 1, a simplified permanent magnet star simulator device is proposed, comprising a rectangular poloidal cross-section vacuum chamber (1) for containing plasma (4), a standardized permanent magnet module (2) and a rectangular planar coil (3);
the vacuum chamber (1) with the rectangular poloidal section is of an annular symmetrical structure, the inner side (high field side) and the outer side (low field side) are curved surfaces, and the top and the bottom are planes;
all the magnet blocks of the standardized permanent magnet module (2) are cuboids with the same shape and size, each magnet is uniformly magnetized along the direction vertical to the surface of the magnet block, and the remanence of all the magnet blocks is the same;
the standardized permanent magnet module (2) is arranged outside the vacuum chamber (1) with the rectangular polar section, no vacant position exists in each row of magnets formed by the magnet blocks, and the magnetization directions of all the magnet blocks in the same row are the same;
the magnetization direction of the standardized permanent magnet module (2) points to or deviates from the rectangular poloidal section vacuum chamber (1), wherein the magnetization direction of the permanent magnet is vertical to the top or bottom plane upwards or downwards at the top or bottom of the rectangular poloidal section vacuum chamber (1), and the magnetization direction of the permanent magnet is vertical to the inward or outward section of the circumferential position corresponding to the inner or outer curved surface of the rectangular poloidal section vacuum chamber (1) at different circumferential positions inwards or outwards at the inner side or outer side of the rectangular poloidal section vacuum chamber (1);
the rectangular plane coils (3) are vertically arranged around the rectangular poloidal section vacuum chamber (1) and the standardized permanent magnet modules (2) and are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction, and the corners of each rectangular plane coil are of 90-degree arc structures with the same radius.
Fig. 2 and 3 show the initial meshing of the standardized permanent magnet module (2) of fig. 1, showing only the permanent magnet mesh in the circumferential direction (0, pi/6), where fig. 2 is a three-dimensional view of the permanent magnet mesh and fig. 3 is a top view of fig. 2. The permanent magnets are subjected to grid division in a Cartesian coordinate system with the center of the device as an origin at the top and the bottom of the vacuum chamber (1) with the rectangular polar section, and the corresponding sides of the length, the width and the height of the magnet blocks are parallel to the coordinate axes of X, Y and Z corresponding to the Cartesian coordinate system; and for the inner side and the outer side of the rectangular polar section vacuum chamber (1), the permanent magnet is subjected to grid division in a cylindrical coordinate system corresponding to the Cartesian coordinate system taking the center of the device as the origin, firstly, a layer of permanent magnet grid is uniformly divided along the longitudinal direction (Z) and the circumferential direction (phi) at the radial minimum radius position of the divided region of the respective magnet respectively, and then, the permanent magnet grid is expanded to the boundary of the respectively specified magnet design region along the radial direction (R) by taking the corresponding first layer of permanent magnet grid as the starting point respectively.
The standardized permanent magnet module (2) specific arrangement scheme is designed on the initial magnet grid given in fig. 2 and 3 according to a design method developed by a design strategy proposed in the published patent CN 202011636945.4.
The rectangular polar section of the vacuum chamber (1) in fig. 1 can be replaced by regular shapes such as pentagon, hexagon, heptagon, octagon and the like according to design requirements, and the standardized permanent magnet module (2) with the magnetization direction pointing to or deviating from the vacuum chamber can also be arranged at the corresponding position. The magnet block shape of the standardized permanent magnet module (2) described above may also be replaced by other regular shapes, including: the shapes of the parallelogram prism, the triangular prism, the trapezoidal prism and the like can be obtained by splitting and combining regular cuboid shapes.
Furthermore, the simplified permanent magnet starters arrangement shown in fig. 1 may add a poloidal field coil system for plasma breakdown, heating and profile control, as shown in fig. 4, comprising a central solenoid (5) and a balance field coil (6). The central solenoid (5) is arranged in the center of the device, and the balance field coils (6) are arranged on the periphery of the device, and the number of the balance field coils can be adjusted according to design requirements.
Parts of the invention not described in detail are well known in the art.
Although illustrative embodiments of the present invention have been described above to facilitate the understanding of the present invention by those skilled in the art, it should be understood that the present invention is not limited to the scope of the embodiments, and various changes may be made apparent to those skilled in the art as long as they are within the spirit and scope of the present invention as defined and defined by the appended claims, and all matters of the invention which utilize the inventive concepts are protected.
Claims (6)
1. A simplified permanent magnet star simulator device comprising a rectangular poloidal cross-section vacuum chamber (1) for containing a plasma (4), a standardized permanent magnet module (2), and a rectangular planar coil (3), characterized in that:
the rectangular poloidal section vacuum chamber (1) is provided with a rectangular poloidal section, is of an annular symmetrical structure as a whole, and has curved surfaces at the inner side and the outer side, and a plane at the top and the bottom;
all the magnet blocks in the standardized permanent magnet module (2) are cuboids with the same shape and size, and each magnet is uniformly magnetized along the direction vertical to the surface of the magnet block;
the standardized permanent magnet module (2) is arranged outside the vacuum chamber (1) with the rectangular polar section, no vacant position exists in each row of magnets formed by magnet blocks, and the magnetization directions of all the magnet blocks in the same row are the same;
the magnetization direction of the standardized permanent magnet module (2) points to or deviates from the rectangular poloidal section vacuum chamber (1), wherein the magnetization direction of the permanent magnet is vertical to the top or bottom plane upwards or downwards at the top or bottom of the rectangular poloidal section vacuum chamber (1), and the magnetization direction of the permanent magnet is vertical to the inward or outward section of the circumferential position corresponding to the inner or outer curved surface of the rectangular poloidal section vacuum chamber (1) at different circumferential positions inwards or outwards at the inner side or outer side of the rectangular poloidal section vacuum chamber (1);
the rectangular plane coil (3) is vertically arranged around the rectangular poloidal section vacuum chamber (1) and the standardized permanent magnet module (2).
2. A simplified permanent magnet astrology apparatus according to claim 1, wherein: the rectangular polar section of the vacuum chamber (1) can be replaced by regular polygonal shapes such as pentagon, hexagon, heptagon and octagon according to design requirements, and the standardized permanent magnet modules with the magnetization directions pointing to or deviating from the vacuum chamber can be arranged at corresponding positions.
3. A simplified permanent magnet astrology apparatus according to claim 1, wherein: the shape of the magnet blocks in the standardized permanent magnet module (2) can be replaced by other regular shapes, including: parallelogram prism, triangular prism, trapezoidal prism, these shapes can be obtained through regular cuboid shape split, combination.
4. A simplified permanent magnet astrology apparatus according to claim 1, wherein: the remanence of the magnet blocks in the standardized permanent magnet module (2) can be the same, but the magnet blocks at different positions can also be selected to have different remanence according to design requirements.
5. A simplified permanent magnet astrology apparatus according to claim 1, wherein: and a certain radian exists at the corner of the rectangular planar coil (3).
6. A simplified permanent magnet astrology apparatus according to claim 1, wherein:
the apparatus further comprises a poloidal field coil system comprising a central solenoid (5) and a balance field coil (6); the central solenoid (5) is arranged in the center of the device; the balance field coil (6) has one or more, and is arranged at the periphery of the device.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111373750.XA CN114121400B (en) | 2021-11-19 | 2021-11-19 | Simplified permanent magnet star simulator device |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111373750.XA CN114121400B (en) | 2021-11-19 | 2021-11-19 | Simplified permanent magnet star simulator device |
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| CN114121400A true CN114121400A (en) | 2022-03-01 |
| CN114121400B CN114121400B (en) | 2023-07-14 |
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Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CA2576974A1 (en) * | 2002-10-23 | 2004-04-23 | Yamaha Corporation | Magnetic sensor, production process of the magnetic sensor and magnetic array suitable for the production process |
| US20040130323A1 (en) * | 2002-10-23 | 2004-07-08 | Toshiyuki Oohashi | Magnetic sensor, production process of the magnetic sensor and magnetic array suitable for the production process |
| WO2009048294A2 (en) * | 2007-10-11 | 2009-04-16 | Seoul National University Industry Foundation | Magnetized inductively coupled plasma processing apparatus and generating method |
| CN112786273A (en) * | 2020-12-31 | 2021-05-11 | 中国科学院合肥物质科学研究院 | Star simulator magnet based on cubic permanent magnet block and optimal arrangement method thereof |
-
2021
- 2021-11-19 CN CN202111373750.XA patent/CN114121400B/en active Active
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CA2576974A1 (en) * | 2002-10-23 | 2004-04-23 | Yamaha Corporation | Magnetic sensor, production process of the magnetic sensor and magnetic array suitable for the production process |
| US20040130323A1 (en) * | 2002-10-23 | 2004-07-08 | Toshiyuki Oohashi | Magnetic sensor, production process of the magnetic sensor and magnetic array suitable for the production process |
| WO2009048294A2 (en) * | 2007-10-11 | 2009-04-16 | Seoul National University Industry Foundation | Magnetized inductively coupled plasma processing apparatus and generating method |
| CN112786273A (en) * | 2020-12-31 | 2021-05-11 | 中国科学院合肥物质科学研究院 | Star simulator magnet based on cubic permanent magnet block and optimal arrangement method thereof |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| 李,罗家融,王华忠,黄勤超: "EAST上极向场线圈位置测量方法的研究与设计", 计算机测量与控制, no. 08 * |
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| CN114121400B (en) | 2023-07-14 |
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