CN114114439B - Automatic monitoring device and method for automatic recovery condition of overburden mining fracture - Google Patents
Automatic monitoring device and method for automatic recovery condition of overburden mining fracture Download PDFInfo
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 39
- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 36
- 238000012806 monitoring device Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 title description 2
- 229910052704 radon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 128
- SYUHGPGVQRZVTB-UHFFFAOYSA-N radon atom Chemical compound [Rn] SYUHGPGVQRZVTB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 128
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 49
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 abstract description 8
- 206010017076 Fracture Diseases 0.000 description 18
- 208000010392 Bone Fractures Diseases 0.000 description 17
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003384 imaging method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009933 burial Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 238000000691 measurement method Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008439 repair process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010008 shearing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01V—GEOPHYSICS; GRAVITATIONAL MEASUREMENTS; DETECTING MASSES OR OBJECTS; TAGS
- G01V5/00—Prospecting or detecting by the use of ionising radiation, e.g. of natural or induced radioactivity
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01T—MEASUREMENT OF NUCLEAR OR X-RADIATION
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Abstract
The invention relates to an automatic monitoring device and method for the self-repairing condition of a overburden mining fracture, and relates to the technical field of mining and geological disaster monitoring. One aspect of the invention provides a monitoring method, which comprises the steps of determining a detection area, selecting radon gas measuring points, and burying gas extractors at the corresponding radon gas measuring points respectively; all the air extractors are respectively and hermetically connected with corresponding air inlets on the electric air pump, and the air outlets of the electric air pump are hermetically connected with the radon measuring instrument; setting measurement time on the radon measuring instrument, enabling the electric air pump and the radon measuring instrument to start to operate simultaneously and enabling a corresponding air inlet to be opened; measuring radon concentration at each radon measuring point in sequence; repeating the above steps to obtain the dynamic change process of radon concentration at all radon measuring points. In another aspect, the invention provides a monitoring device. The monitoring device and the method can automatically monitor and collect data for the dynamic development of the overburden mining fracture and the self-repairing process of the overburden mining fracture, and have large monitoring area and low labor cost.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of mining and geological disaster monitoring, in particular to an automatic monitoring device and method for the self-repairing condition of a overburden mining fracture.
Background
Coal mines such as Erdos, elm and the like in the western part of China generally have the characteristics of shallow burial depth, large mining height, thin bedrock, large-scale high-strength mining and the like, and coal seam mining can cause tensile and shearing damage of overlying bedrock, so that development of a fracture field is promoted to form a collapse zone and a fracture zone. At the same time, the crack field develops to induce the earth surface crack, seriously threatens the fragile ecological environment of the earth surface and can cause damage to the personal and property safety of people. Overburden mining fractures are generally difficult to repair by manual means, but the self-repair process is slowly completed over time.
At present, there is no in-depth research on dynamic processes of migration and fracture development rules of overburden rock at home and abroad, but there are many static monitoring methods of overburden rock mining fracture, mainly in engineering detection, including drilling, ground penetrating radar, ultrasonic imaging, high-density resistivity method and the like, and these methods have certain defects, and it is difficult to truly reflect the change rule of overburden rock mining fracture under high-strength mining conditions, mainly including:
1. direct measurement methods such as drilling and the like can damage the original overburden rock and can not be used for continuous observation;
2. Although the methods such as ground penetrating radar, ultrasonic imaging, high-density resistivity method and the like can be used for continuous observation through non-contact measurement, the operation is complex and the data processing is difficult;
3. The method has the problems of high labor and equipment cost, and is only suitable for local observation.
In addition, there are methods for detecting dynamic changes of the overburden fracture by radon gas, but the method needs manual operation, has complex process and high labor cost, and can cause human errors to be added into the result.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides an automatic monitoring device for the self-repairing condition of a overburden mining fracture, which is used for at least solving one technical problem.
According to a first aspect of the invention, the invention provides an automatic monitoring method for the self-repairing condition of a overburden mining fracture, which comprises the following steps:
s1: determining a detection area, selecting at least two radon gas measuring points on the detection area, and burying at least two gas extractors at the corresponding radon gas measuring points respectively;
s2: all the air extractors are respectively and hermetically connected with corresponding air inlets on the electric air pump, and the air outlets of the electric air pump are hermetically connected with the air extraction ports of the radon measuring instrument;
S3: setting measurement time at each radon gas measuring point on the radon measuring instrument, and setting starting time of the electric air pump, so that the electric air pump and the radon measuring instrument start to operate simultaneously and a corresponding air inlet is opened;
s4: sequentially measuring the radon concentration at each radon gas measuring point according to the set measuring time to finish the measurement of one measuring period of each radon gas measuring point;
s5: and (4) repeating the step (S4) to sequentially measure the next measurement period at each radon gas measuring point according to the same sequence until the set time is reached, so as to obtain the dynamic change process of the radon gas concentration at all the radon gas measuring points.
Preferably, radon gas test points are selected at the open-cut eye positions of the detection area and/or in the middle of the subsidence area.
Preferably, the radon measuring instrument measures the radon concentration at one radon measuring point each time, and measures the radon concentration at the next radon measuring point after a predetermined time interval after each measurement is completed.
Further preferably, the predetermined time is equal to or greater than 1h.
Preferably, in step S5, when the radon gas concentration rises above 10%, then the overburden rock has fissured; when the radon concentration falls back to the original concentration, then the overburden fracture has closed.
Preferably, in step S1, at least two air extractors are arranged in each row perpendicular to the mining direction in front of the open-cut eyes, and at least two rows of air extractors are arranged; at least two gas extractors are arranged at each row perpendicular to the exploitation direction behind the open-cut hole, and at least two rows of gas extractors are arranged.
Further preferably, the spacing between the gas extractors is at least 30m both parallel to the direction of extraction and perpendicular to the direction of extraction.
According to a second aspect of the invention, the invention provides an automatic monitoring device for the self-repairing condition of a overburden mining fracture, which is used for realizing the monitoring method, and comprises a radon measuring instrument, an electric air pump and a plurality of air extractors, wherein the electric air pump is provided with an air outlet and a plurality of openable and closable air inlets, the air outlet is communicated with an air extraction port of the radon measuring instrument in a sealing way, each air inlet is respectively connected with a corresponding air extractor in a sealing way, and the air extractors are respectively buried at a plurality of radon measuring points arranged on a detection area.
Preferably, the radon measuring device further comprises a wireless data transmission device, wherein the wireless data transmission device is respectively connected with the radon measuring device and the electric air pump, and the radon measuring device and the electric air pump are respectively connected with the processing terminal in a communication manner through the wireless data transmission device.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that: the monitoring device and the method can automatically monitor and collect data for the dynamic development of the overburden mining fracture and the self-repairing process thereof in the mining engineering, one radon measuring instrument can respectively measure the radon concentration at different radon measuring points through a plurality of gas extractors, the monitoring area is large, the equipment investment is reduced, the operation is simple, and the labor cost is reduced. Meanwhile, the measurement period, the measurement time and the like can be flexibly set, and by setting different measurement periods and measurement times, dynamic change monitoring of the overburden mining cracks in different periods can be realized, so that understanding of objective rules of overburden mining crack development is realized, and a mining overburden crack self-repairing mechanism is revealed.
Drawings
The invention will be described in more detail hereinafter on the basis of embodiments and with reference to the accompanying drawings.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the monitoring device of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic layout of the monitoring device of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a flow chart of the monitoring method of the present invention.
Reference numerals:
1-a radon measuring instrument; 2-a first connecting air pipe; 3-an electric air pump; 4-an air extractor; 5-wireless data transmission means; 6-storage battery; 7-a second connecting air pipe; 8-opening and cutting eyes;
the arrows in fig. 2 indicate the direction of mining.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
As shown in fig. 1, the invention provides an automatic monitoring device for the self-repairing condition of a overburden mining fracture. The monitoring device comprises a radon measuring instrument 1, an electric air pump 3 and a plurality of air extractors 4, wherein an air outlet and a plurality of openable and closable air inlets are arranged on the electric air pump 3, the air outlet is communicated with an air extraction port of the radon measuring instrument 1 in a sealing way, each air inlet is respectively connected with the corresponding air extractor 4 in a sealing way, and the air extractors 4 are respectively buried at a plurality of radon measuring points arranged on a detection area.
The radon measuring instrument 1 is internally provided with a micropump and a semiconductor detector, the radon measuring instrument 1 utilizes the micropump of the radon measuring instrument to sample, and the semiconductor detector is combined with static collection radon decay daughter RaA as a measuring object to directly measure radon concentration.
Specifically, the electric air pump 3 is a sealed vortex air pump, only the air outlet and the air inlet are communicated with the outside, the electric air pump 3 is provided with a plurality of air inlets, a control valve can be arranged at each air inlet, the opening and closing of the control valve can be controlled through remote control or preset, the opening and closing state of each air inlet can be controlled, and the air outlet of the electric air pump 3 can be in sealed connection with the air extraction port of the micro pump of the radon measuring instrument 1 through the first connecting air pipe 2.
Further, the first connecting air pipe 2 adopts a high-strength PU pipe, and the pipe diameter of the PU pipe is consistent with the pipe diameters of the air outlet of the electric air pump 3 and the air extraction port of the micro pump, so that the tightness of connection is ensured.
Preferably, the air taking device 4 is a container with an opening at the bottom, and a preformed hole is formed at the top of the air taking device and is used for being communicated with the air inlet of the electric air pump 3 in a sealing way, and the preformed hole is communicated with the air inlet of the electric air pump 3 in a sealing way through a second connecting air pipe 7.
Specifically, the gas extractor 4 can be a bottomless cylindrical stainless steel container, is convenient for radon accumulation, is convenient for burying and corrosion-resistant, and can reduce radon absorption on the container body.
Further, the second connecting air pipe 7 adopts a high-strength PU pipe, and the pipe diameter of the second connecting air pipe is consistent with that of the preformed hole of the air extractor 4 so as to ensure the tightness of connection.
In addition, the interface portions of the first connecting air pipe 2 and the second connecting air pipe 7 with other devices can be subjected to air leakage prevention treatment by using airtight glue.
Preferably, the monitoring device of the present invention further comprises a wireless data transmission device 5, wherein the wireless data transmission device 5 is respectively connected with the radon measuring instrument 1 and the electric air pump 3, so that measurement data can be sent to the processing terminal, and meanwhile, the radon measuring instrument 1 and the electric air pump 3 can be remotely controlled through the processing terminal. The processing terminal can be a PC terminal or a mobile terminal.
Preferably, the monitoring device of the invention further comprises a storage battery 6, and the storage battery 6 is connected with the radon measuring instrument 1, the electric air pump 3 and the wireless data transmission device 5 to supply power to the three devices. In addition, if the detection area has a power supply, the three devices can also be directly connected with the power supply.
The invention also provides an automatic monitoring method for the self-repairing condition of the overburden mining fracture, as shown in fig. 3, the monitoring device comprises the following steps:
S1: determining a detection area, selecting at least two radon gas measuring points on the detection area, and burying at least two gas extractors 4 at the corresponding radon gas measuring points respectively;
S2: all the air extractors 4 are respectively and hermetically connected with corresponding air inlets on the electric air pump 3, and air outlets of the electric air pump 3 are hermetically connected with air extraction ports of the radon measuring instrument 1;
s3: setting measurement time at each radon gas measuring point on the radon meter 1, and setting starting time of the electric air pump 3, so that the electric air pump 3 and the radon meter 1 start to operate simultaneously and a corresponding air inlet is opened;
s4: sequentially measuring the radon concentration at each radon gas measuring point according to the set measuring time to finish the measurement of one measuring period at each radon gas measuring point;
s5: and (4) repeating the step (S4) to sequentially measure the next measurement period at each radon gas measuring point according to the same sequence until the set time is reached, so as to obtain the dynamic change process of the radon gas concentration at all the radon gas measuring points.
Preferably, in step S4, the radon measuring instrument 1 measures the radon concentration at one radon measuring point each time, and measures the radon concentration at the next radon measuring point after a predetermined time interval after each measurement is completed.
Wherein, the burying depth of the air extractor 4 is 30cm to 40cm; the measurement time of each radon gas measuring point is more than or equal to 10min; the measurement period is more than or equal to 4 hours, so that the radon gas can be accumulated in enough time; the measurement interval time (i.e., the predetermined time) is 1h or more to eliminate the influence of the repeated measurement.
The measurement period in step S4 is as follows: the measurement time and the measurement interval time are multiplied by the number of radon measuring points corresponding to one radon measuring instrument. The set time in step S5 is: measurement period x measurement period number.
In addition, the determination of the detection zone may be based on empirical determination of the range of production in the production subsidence study. In order to be able to monitor the self-repairing of the overburden cracks of the mined subsidence area in a targeted manner, the focus should be on the position of the open cut 8 and the middle area of the subsidence area when selecting the detection area.
In one embodiment as shown in fig. 2, the specific steps are as follows:
The first step: the width of the working surface is 150m, and the detection area is selected at the position of the open-cut hole 8 and in the middle of the subsidence area. Then, on the working surface, starting from the position 30m in front of the open-cut hole 8, arranging 8 gas extractors 4 in each row perpendicular to the mining direction, and arranging 4 rows, wherein the interval of each row is 30m; in the other detection area, starting from 200m behind the open-cut hole 8, arranging 8 gas extractors 4 in each row perpendicular to the mining direction, and arranging 4 rows, wherein the interval of each row is 30m;
And a second step of: dividing all the gas extractors 4 into four parts, connecting 16 gas extractors 4 of each part with an electric air pump 3 and a radon measuring instrument 1, performing airtight treatment after connection, and simultaneously connecting the radon measuring instrument 1, the electric air pump 3, a wireless transmission data device and a storage battery 6;
And a third step of: setting the measurement time to be 0.5h on the radon measuring instrument 1, setting the starting time of the electric air pump 3 to be consistent with the measurement starting time of the radon measuring instrument 1, and opening a corresponding air inlet on the electric air pump 3;
Fourth, in each part, the radon measuring instrument 1 measures the radon concentration at the first radon measuring point according to the set measuring time, and measures the radon concentration at one radon measuring point each time, then measures the radon concentration at the next radon measuring point at intervals of 1h to eliminate the influence of repeated measurement, the measuring period is set to 24h, and the radon concentration at all the gas extractors 4 of the part is measured once every day to finish the measurement of one measuring period;
Fifth step: repeating the fourth step to continue the measurement of the next measurement period until the set time is reached, wherein the sequence of radon gas measurement points is unchanged, so as to ensure that the measurement period of each radon gas measurement point is 24 hours, and thus the dynamic change process of radon gas concentration at all radon gas measurement points is obtained.
Thus, according to the dynamic change process of the radon gas concentration, the dynamic development of the open-cut eye 8 position of the goaf, namely the mining fracture of the central overburden rock and the self-repairing process thereof can be obtained. When the radon concentration rises by more than 10%, the overburden is considered to have fissures, and when the radon concentration falls back to the original concentration, the overburden fissures are considered to have closed.
Note that, when the radon gas concentration increases by 11%, 12%, 13%, 14% or 15%, the overburden rock may be considered to have fissures.
In summary, the monitoring device and the method can automatically monitor and collect data for the dynamic development of the overburden mining fracture and the self-repairing process thereof in the mining engineering, one radon measuring instrument 1 can respectively measure radon concentration at different radon measuring points through a plurality of gas extractors 4, the monitoring area is large, the equipment investment is reduced, the operation is simple, and the labor cost is reduced. Meanwhile, the measurement period, the measurement time and the like can be flexibly set, and by setting different measurement periods and measurement times, dynamic change monitoring of the overburden mining cracks in different periods can be realized, so that understanding of objective rules of overburden mining crack development is realized, and a mining overburden crack self-repairing mechanism is revealed.
While the invention has been described with reference to a preferred embodiment, various modifications may be made and equivalents may be substituted for elements thereof without departing from the scope of the invention. In particular, the technical features mentioned in the respective embodiments may be combined in any manner as long as there is no structural conflict. The present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed herein, but encompasses all technical solutions falling within the scope of the claims.
Claims (7)
1. The automatic monitoring method for the automatic fracture self-repairing condition of the overburden rock is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
S1: determining a detection area, selecting at least two radon gas measuring points on the detection area, and burying at least two gas extractors at the corresponding radon gas measuring points respectively; the detection area is selected at the position of the open-cut eye and/or the middle part of the subsidence area; a plurality of air extractors are uniformly distributed and arranged at intervals along each row perpendicular to the exploitation direction in the detection area, and a plurality of rows are distributed;
S2: dividing the air extractor into a plurality of parts, wherein each part comprises a plurality of air extractors with the same number, and the plurality of air extractors are connected with an electric air pump and a radon measuring instrument; all the air extractors are respectively and hermetically connected with corresponding air inlets on the electric air pump, and the air outlets of the electric air pump are hermetically connected with the air extraction ports of the radon measuring instrument;
S3: setting measurement time at each radon gas measuring point on the radon measuring instrument, and setting starting time of the electric air pump, so that the electric air pump and the radon measuring instrument start to operate simultaneously and a corresponding air inlet is opened;
s4: in each part, the radon measuring instrument measures the radon concentration at the first radon measuring point according to the set measuring time, and measures the radon concentration at one radon measuring point each time, and measures the radon concentration at the next radon measuring point after a preset time interval after each measurement is completed; sequentially measuring the radon concentration at each radon gas measuring point according to the set measuring time to finish the measurement of one measuring period of each radon gas measuring point;
S5: repeating the step S4, and sequentially measuring the next measuring period at each radon gas measuring point according to the same sequence until the set time is reached, so as to obtain the dynamic change process of the radon gas concentration at all radon gas measuring points; when the radon concentration rises by more than 10%, the overburden rock has cracks; when the radon concentration falls back to the initial concentration, the overburden fracture is closed;
The measurement period in step S4 is: the measurement time and the measurement interval time are multiplied by the number of radon measuring points corresponding to one radon measuring instrument; the set time in step S5 is: measurement period x measurement period number.
2. The method of monitoring according to claim 1, wherein the predetermined time is equal to or greater than 1h.
3. The method according to claim 1, wherein in step S1, at least two gas extractors are provided for each row perpendicular to the mining direction and at least two gas extractors are provided in front of the open-cut eye; at least two gas extractors are arranged at each row perpendicular to the exploitation direction behind the open-cut hole, and at least two rows of gas extractors are arranged.
4. A method of monitoring as claimed in claim 3, wherein the spacing between the gas extractors is at least 30m both parallel to the direction of production and perpendicular to the direction of production.
5. The monitoring method according to claim 1, wherein the measurement time of each radon gas measurement point is equal to or greater than 10min, and the measurement period is greater than or equal to 4h.
6. A monitoring device for implementing the monitoring method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, comprising a radon measuring instrument, an electric air pump and a plurality of air extractors, wherein the electric air pump is provided with an air outlet and a plurality of openable and closable air inlets, the air outlet is communicated with an air extraction port of the radon measuring instrument in a sealing way, each air inlet is respectively connected with a corresponding air extractor in a sealing way, and the air extractors are respectively buried at a plurality of radon measuring points arranged on a detection area.
7. The monitoring device according to claim 6, further comprising a wireless data transmission device, wherein the wireless data transmission device is respectively connected with the radon measuring instrument and the electric air pump, and the radon measuring instrument and the electric air pump are respectively connected with the processing terminal in a communication manner through the wireless data transmission device.
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