CN114114439A - Automatic monitoring device and method for self-repairing condition of overburden mining-induced fracture - Google Patents
Automatic monitoring device and method for self-repairing condition of overburden mining-induced fracture Download PDFInfo
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- CN114114439A CN114114439A CN202010873773.6A CN202010873773A CN114114439A CN 114114439 A CN114114439 A CN 114114439A CN 202010873773 A CN202010873773 A CN 202010873773A CN 114114439 A CN114114439 A CN 114114439A
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- SYUHGPGVQRZVTB-UHFFFAOYSA-N radon atom Chemical compound [Rn] SYUHGPGVQRZVTB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 118
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 46
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- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 abstract description 9
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- 208000010392 Bone Fractures Diseases 0.000 description 14
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 2
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01V—GEOPHYSICS; GRAVITATIONAL MEASUREMENTS; DETECTING MASSES OR OBJECTS; TAGS
- G01V5/00—Prospecting or detecting by the use of nuclear radiation, e.g. of natural or induced radioactivity
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01T—MEASUREMENT OF NUCLEAR OR X-RADIATION
- G01T1/00—Measuring X-radiation, gamma radiation, corpuscular radiation, or cosmic radiation
- G01T1/16—Measuring radiation intensity
- G01T1/24—Measuring radiation intensity with semiconductor detectors
Abstract
The invention relates to an automatic monitoring device and method for self-repairing conditions of overburden mining-induced fractures, and relates to the technical field of mining and geological disaster monitoring. The invention provides a monitoring method, which comprises the steps of determining a detection area, selecting radon gas measuring points, and embedding gas taking devices at the corresponding radon gas measuring points respectively; all the air extractors are respectively connected with corresponding air inlets on the electric air pump in a sealing way, and an air outlet of the electric air pump is connected with the radon measuring instrument in a sealing way; setting measurement time on the emanometer, so that the electric air pump and the emanometer start to operate simultaneously and a corresponding air inlet is opened; sequentially measuring the radon gas concentration at each radon gas measuring point; repeating the previous steps to obtain the dynamic change process of the radon gas concentration at all radon gas measuring points. Another aspect of the invention provides a monitoring device. The monitoring device and the method can automatically monitor and acquire data of the dynamic development and self-repairing process of the overburden mining-induced fracture, and have the advantages of large monitoring area and low labor cost.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of mining and geological disaster monitoring, in particular to an automatic monitoring device and method for self-repairing conditions of overburden mining-induced fractures.
Background
Coal mines such as Ordos, Ullin and the like in the west of China generally have the characteristics of shallow buried depth, large mining height, thin bedrock, large-scale high-strength mining and the like, and coal seam mining can cause tensile-shear damage to overlying bedrock and promote fracture field development to form a caving zone and a fracture zone. Meanwhile, the surface cracks induced by the crack field development seriously threaten the fragile ecological environment of the surface and may cause damage to the personal and property safety of people. Overburden mining fractures are generally difficult to repair through manual means, but can slowly complete a self-repairing process over time.
At present, deep research on the dynamic process of overburden stratum migration and fracture development rules is lacked at home and abroad, but a plurality of static monitoring methods for overburden mining fractures are available, mainly in the aspect of engineering detection, including drilling, ground penetrating radar, ultrasonic imaging, high-density resistivity methods and the like, have certain defects, are difficult to truly reflect the change rule of the overburden mining fractures under the high-intensity mining condition, and mainly comprise the following steps:
1. direct measurement methods such as drilling damage the original overlying strata and cannot carry out continuous observation;
2. although methods such as ground penetrating radar, ultrasonic imaging and high-density resistivity method can carry out continuous observation through non-contact measurement, the operation is complex and the data processing is difficult;
3. the methods have the problems of high labor and equipment cost, and are only suitable for local observation.
In addition, a method for detecting dynamic changes of overburden fractures by using radon gas is available, but the method needs manual operation, is complex in process and high in labor cost, and can cause artificial errors to be added in results.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides an automatic monitoring device for self-repairing conditions of overburden mining fractures, which is used for at least solving the technical problem.
According to a first aspect of the invention, the invention provides an automatic monitoring method for self-repairing conditions of overburden mining-induced fractures, which comprises the following steps:
s1: determining a detection area, selecting at least two radon gas measuring points on the detection area, and embedding at least two gas extractors at the corresponding radon gas measuring points respectively;
s2: all the air extractors are respectively connected with corresponding air inlets on the electric air pump in a sealing way, and an air outlet of the electric air pump is connected with an air collecting port of the radon measuring instrument in a sealing way;
s3: setting the measurement time of each radon gas measurement point on the radon measuring instrument, and setting the starting time of the electric air pump, so that the electric air pump and the radon measuring instrument simultaneously start to operate, and a corresponding air inlet is opened;
s4: sequentially measuring the radon gas concentration at each radon gas measuring point according to set measuring time so as to finish the measurement of one measuring period of each radon gas measuring point;
s5: and (8) repeating the step (S4), and sequentially measuring each radon gas measuring point for the next measuring period according to the same sequence until the set time is reached to obtain the dynamic change process of the radon gas concentration at all the radon gas measuring points.
Preferably, a radon test point is selected at the open-cut position and/or the middle of the sunken area of the detection area.
Preferably, the radon meter measures the radon gas concentration at one radon gas measuring point each time, and measures the radon gas concentration at the next radon gas measuring point after a predetermined time interval after each measurement is completed.
Further preferably, the predetermined time is equal to or greater than 1 h.
Preferably, in step S5, when the radon gas concentration rises to more than 10%, the overlying strata have already generated cracks; when the radon gas concentration falls back to the initial concentration, the overburden fractures have closed.
Preferably, in step S1, at least two gas extractors are arranged in each row perpendicular to the mining direction in front of the open-off cut, and at least two rows of gas extractors are arranged; at least two gas extractors are arranged in each row perpendicular to the mining direction behind the open-cut hole, and at least two rows of gas extractors are arranged.
It is further preferred that the spacing between the gas extractors is at least 30m both parallel to the production direction and perpendicular to the production direction.
According to a second aspect of the invention, the invention provides an automatic monitoring device for self-repairing conditions of overlying strata mining-induced fractures, which is used for realizing the monitoring method and comprises a radon measuring instrument, an electric air pump and a plurality of air extractors, wherein the electric air pump is provided with an air outlet and a plurality of openable air inlets, the air outlet is communicated with an air collecting port of the radon measuring instrument in a sealing manner, each air inlet is respectively connected with the corresponding air extractor in a sealing manner, and the air extractors are respectively embedded at a plurality of radon air measuring points arranged on a detection area.
Preferably, the radon measuring device further comprises a wireless data transmission device, the wireless data transmission device is respectively connected with the radon measuring instrument and the electric air pump, and the radon measuring instrument and the electric air pump are respectively in communication connection with the processing terminal through the wireless data transmission device.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that: the monitoring device and the method can automatically monitor and acquire data of the dynamic development and the self-repairing process of the overburden mining-induced fracture in the mining engineering, one radon measuring instrument can respectively measure the radon gas concentration at different radon gas measuring points through a plurality of gas collectors, the monitoring area is large, the equipment investment is reduced, the operation is simple, and the labor cost is reduced. Meanwhile, the measurement period, the measurement time and the like can be flexibly set, and by setting different measurement periods and measurement times, the dynamic change monitoring of the overburden rock mining-induced fracture in different periods can be realized, so that the recognition of the objective law of the overburden rock mining-induced fracture development is realized, and the self-repairing mechanism of the overburden rock mining-induced fracture is revealed.
Drawings
The invention will be described in more detail hereinafter on the basis of embodiments and with reference to the accompanying drawings.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the monitoring device of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic layout of the monitoring device of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic flow diagram of the monitoring method of the present invention.
Reference numerals:
1-radon measuring instrument; 2-a first connecting air pipe; 3-electric air pump; 4-a gas extractor; 5-a wireless data transmission device; 6-a storage battery; 7-a second connecting air pipe; 8-cutting the eye;
the arrows in fig. 2 indicate the direction of mining.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further explained with reference to the drawings.
As shown in figure 1, the invention provides an automatic monitoring device for self-repairing conditions of overburden mining-induced fractures. The monitoring device comprises a radon measuring instrument 1, an electric air pump 3 and a plurality of air extractors 4, wherein the electric air pump 3 is provided with an air outlet and a plurality of openable air inlets, the air outlet is hermetically communicated with the air collecting port of the radon measuring instrument 1, each air inlet is hermetically connected with the corresponding air extractor 4, and the air extractors 4 are respectively embedded at a plurality of radon gas measuring points arranged on a detection area.
Wherein, the interior of the radon measuring instrument 1 is provided with a micropump and a semiconductor detector, the radon measuring instrument 1 utilizes the micropump carried by the radon measuring instrument to sample, and the semiconductor detector combines with static electricity to collect radon decay daughter RaA as a measuring object to directly measure the radon gas concentration.
Specifically, the electric air pump 3 is a sealed vortex air pump, only the air outlet and the air inlet are communicated with the outside, the electric air pump 3 is provided with a plurality of air inlets, each air inlet can be provided with a control valve, the control of the opening and closing state of each air inlet can be realized by controlling the opening and closing of the control valve through remote control or presetting, and the air outlet of the electric air pump 3 can be hermetically connected with the gas production port of the micropump of the radon measuring instrument 1 through the first connecting air pipe 2.
Further, the first connecting air pipe 2 adopts a high-strength PU pipe, and the pipe diameter of the PU pipe is consistent with the pipe diameters of the air outlet of the electric air pump 3 and the air collecting port of the micropump, so that the connection tightness is ensured.
Preferably, the air extractor 4 is a container with an open bottom, and a preformed hole is opened at the top thereof for being hermetically communicated with the air inlet of the electric air pump 3, and the preformed hole is hermetically communicated with the air inlet of the electric air pump 3 through the second connecting air pipe 7.
Specifically, the gas taking device 4 can adopt a bottomless cylindrical stainless steel container, so that radon gas is conveniently accumulated and buried, the corrosion resistance is realized, and the radon gas can be reduced from being adsorbed on a device body of the container.
Further, the second connecting air pipe 7 is a high-strength PU pipe, and the pipe diameter of the second connecting air pipe is consistent with that of a preformed hole of the air extractor 4, so that the connection tightness is guaranteed.
Further, the interface portions of the first and second connecting air pipes 2 and 7 and other devices may be subjected to air leakage prevention treatment using an air-tight adhesive.
Preferably, the monitoring device of the present invention further comprises a wireless data transmission device 5, wherein the wireless data transmission device 5 is respectively connected to the radon measuring instrument 1 and the electric air pump 3, so as to transmit the measurement data to a processing terminal, and simultaneously, the radon measuring instrument 1 and the electric air pump 3 can be remotely controlled by the processing terminal. The processing terminal may be a PC terminal or a mobile terminal.
Preferably, the monitoring device of the invention further comprises a storage battery 6, wherein the storage battery 6 is connected with the emanometer 1, the electric air pump 3 and the wireless data transmission device 5 to supply power to the three devices. In addition, if the detection area has a power supply, the three devices can be directly connected with the power supply.
The invention also provides an automatic monitoring method for the self-repairing condition of the overburden mining-induced fracture, as shown in fig. 3, the monitoring device comprises the following steps:
s1: determining a detection area, selecting at least two radon gas measuring points on the detection area, and embedding at least two gas extractors 4 at the corresponding radon gas measuring points respectively;
s2: all the air extractors 4 are respectively connected with corresponding air inlets on the electric air pump 3 in a sealing way, and the air outlet of the electric air pump 3 is connected with the air collecting port of the radon measuring instrument 1 in a sealing way;
s3: setting the measurement time of each radon gas measurement point on the radon measuring instrument 1, and setting the starting time of the electric air pump 3, so that the electric air pump 3 and the radon measuring instrument 1 start to operate simultaneously and a corresponding air inlet is opened;
s4: sequentially measuring the radon gas concentration at each radon gas measuring point according to set measuring time so as to finish the measurement of one measuring period at each radon gas measuring point;
s5: and (8) repeating the step (S4), and sequentially measuring each radon gas measuring point for the next measuring period according to the same sequence until the set time is reached to obtain the dynamic change process of the radon gas concentration at all the radon gas measuring points.
Preferably, in step S4, the radon meter 1 measures the radon gas concentration at one radon gas measuring point at a time, and measures the radon gas concentration at the next radon gas measuring point after a predetermined time interval after each measurement is completed.
Wherein, the embedding depth of the gas taking device 4 is 30cm to 40 cm; the measurement time of each radon gas measurement point is more than or equal to 10 min; the measuring period is more than or equal to 4h so as to have enough time to accumulate radon gas; the measurement interval time (i.e., the predetermined time) is greater than or equal to 1h to eliminate the influence of repeated measurements.
Note that, the measurement cycle in step S4 is: (measurement time + measurement interval time) x the number of radon gas measurement points corresponding to one radon measuring instrument. The set time in step S5 is: measurement cycle x measurement cycle number.
In addition, the determination of the detection zone may be determined based on empirical judgment of the mining window in mining subsidence science. In order to monitor the self-repairing condition of the overburden fracture of the mining subsidence area in a targeted manner, when a detection area is selected, the key points are the position of the open-cut eye 8 and the middle area of the subsidence part.
In one embodiment as shown in fig. 2, the specific steps are as follows:
the first step is as follows: the width of the working face is 150m, and the detection area is selected at the position of the incision 8 and the middle part of the subsidence area. Then 8 gas extractors 4 are arranged in each row perpendicular to the mining direction on the working face from the position 30m in front of the open-off cut 8, 4 rows are arranged, and the interval of each row is 30 m; in another detection area, starting from 200m behind the open-off cut 8, 8 gas extractors 4 are arranged in each row perpendicular to the mining direction, 4 rows are arranged, and the interval of each row is 30 m;
the second step is that: dividing all the gas extractors 4 into four parts, connecting 16 gas extractors 4 of each part with an electric air pump 3 and a radon measuring instrument 1, performing airtight treatment after connection, and simultaneously connecting the radon measuring instrument 1, the electric air pump 3, a wireless data transmission device and a storage battery 6;
the third step: setting the measurement time on the emanometer 1 to be 0.5h, setting the starting time of the electric air pump 3 to be consistent with the time for starting measurement of the emanometer 1, and opening a corresponding air inlet on the electric air pump 3;
fourthly, in each part, the radon detector 1 measures the radon gas concentration at a first radon gas measuring point according to set measuring time, measures the radon gas concentration at one radon gas measuring point every time, measures the radon gas concentration at the next radon gas measuring point every 1h to eliminate the influence of repeated measurement, sets the measuring period to be 24h, and measures the radon gas concentrations at all the gas collectors 4 of the part once every day to finish the measurement of one measuring period;
the fifth step: and repeating the fourth step to continue the measurement of the next measurement period until the set time is reached, wherein the sequence of the radon gas measurement points is unchanged to ensure that the measurement period of each radon gas measurement point is 24 hours, thereby obtaining the dynamic change process of the radon gas concentration at all the radon gas measurement points.
Therefore, according to the obtained dynamic change process of the radon gas concentration, the dynamic development and self-repairing process of the position 8 of the open cut hole of the goaf, namely the middle overburden mining-induced fracture can be obtained. When the rising amplitude of the radon gas concentration exceeds 10%, the overlying strata is considered to have generated cracks, and when the radon gas concentration falls back to the initial concentration, the overlying strata cracks are considered to have been closed.
It should be noted that the overlying strata can also be considered to have fractured when the radon gas concentration rises by 11%, 12%, 13%, 14% or 15%.
In conclusion, the monitoring device and the monitoring method can automatically monitor and acquire data in the dynamic development and self-repairing processes of the overburden mining fractures in mining engineering, one radon measuring instrument 1 can respectively measure the radon gas concentration at different radon gas measuring points through a plurality of gas collectors 4, the monitoring area is large, the equipment investment is reduced, the operation is simple, and the labor cost is reduced. Meanwhile, the measurement period, the measurement time and the like can be flexibly set, and by setting different measurement periods and measurement times, the dynamic change monitoring of the overburden rock mining-induced fracture in different periods can be realized, so that the recognition of the objective law of the overburden rock mining-induced fracture development is realized, and the self-repairing mechanism of the overburden rock mining-induced fracture is revealed.
While the invention has been described with reference to a preferred embodiment, various modifications may be made and equivalents may be substituted for elements thereof without departing from the scope of the invention. In particular, the technical features mentioned in the embodiments can be combined in any way as long as there is no structural conflict. It is intended that the invention not be limited to the particular embodiments disclosed, but that the invention will include all embodiments falling within the scope of the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. An automatic monitoring method for self-repairing conditions of overburden mining-induced fractures is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1: determining a detection area, selecting at least two radon gas measuring points on the detection area, and embedding at least two gas extractors at the corresponding radon gas measuring points respectively;
s2: all the air extractors are respectively connected with corresponding air inlets on the electric air pump in a sealing way, and an air outlet of the electric air pump is connected with an air collecting port of the radon measuring instrument in a sealing way;
s3: setting the measurement time of each radon gas measurement point on the radon measuring instrument, and setting the starting time of the electric air pump, so that the electric air pump and the radon measuring instrument simultaneously start to operate, and a corresponding air inlet is opened;
s4: sequentially measuring the radon gas concentration at each radon gas measuring point according to set measuring time so as to finish the measurement of one measuring period of each radon gas measuring point;
s5: and (8) repeating the step (S4), and sequentially measuring each radon gas measuring point for the next measuring period according to the same sequence until the set time is reached to obtain the dynamic change process of the radon gas concentration at all the radon gas measuring points.
2. The method for monitoring as claimed in claim 1, wherein in step S1, a radon test point is selected at the open-eyed position and/or the middle of the sunken area of the detection region.
3. The monitoring method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein in step S4, the radon meter measures the radon gas concentration at one radon gas measuring point at a time, and measures the radon gas concentration at the next radon gas measuring point after a predetermined time interval after each measurement is completed.
4. The monitoring method according to claim 3, wherein the predetermined time is equal to or greater than 1 h.
5. The method for monitoring as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein in step S5, when the rising amplitude of radon gas concentration exceeds 10%, the overlying strata has already generated cracks; when the radon gas concentration falls back to the initial concentration, the overburden fractures have closed.
6. The monitoring method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein in step S1, at least two gas extractors are provided per row perpendicular to the mining direction in front of the open cut, and at least two rows of gas extractors are provided; at least two gas extractors are arranged in each row perpendicular to the mining direction behind the open-cut hole, and at least two rows of gas extractors are arranged.
7. The method of monitoring of claim 6, wherein the spacing between the gas extractors is at least 30m both parallel to the production direction and perpendicular to the production direction.
8. The monitoring method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the measurement time of each radon gas measurement point is equal to or greater than 10min, and the measurement period is greater than or equal to 4 h.
9. A monitoring device for realizing the monitoring method according to any one of claims 1 to 8, comprising a radon measuring instrument, an electric air pump and a plurality of air extractors, wherein the electric air pump is provided with an air outlet and a plurality of openable and closable air inlets, the air outlet is hermetically communicated with the air inlet of the radon measuring instrument, each air inlet is hermetically connected with the corresponding air extractor respectively, and the air extractors are buried at a plurality of radon gas measuring points arranged on a detection area respectively.
10. The monitoring device of claim 9, further comprising a wireless data transmission device, wherein the wireless data transmission device is respectively connected with the radon measuring instrument and the electric air pump, and the radon measuring instrument and the electric air pump are respectively in communication connection with a processing terminal through the wireless data transmission device.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010873773.6A CN114114439B (en) | 2020-08-26 | Automatic monitoring device and method for automatic recovery condition of overburden mining fracture |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010873773.6A CN114114439B (en) | 2020-08-26 | Automatic monitoring device and method for automatic recovery condition of overburden mining fracture |
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| CN114114439A true CN114114439A (en) | 2022-03-01 |
| CN114114439B CN114114439B (en) | 2024-04-23 |
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