CN114112492A

CN114112492A - Hydrogeology surveys sampling device

Info

Publication number: CN114112492A
Application number: CN202111357169.9A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 李根云; 付玉涛; 张文斌
Original assignee: First Geological Brigade of Shandong Provincial Bureau of Geology and Mineral Resources of First Geological and Mineral Exploration Institute of Shandong Province
Current assignee: First Geological Brigade of Shandong Provincial Bureau of Geology and Mineral Resources of First Geological and Mineral Exploration Institute of Shandong Province
Priority date: 2021-11-16
Filing date: 2021-11-16
Publication date: 2022-03-01

Abstract

The invention discloses a hydrogeological detection sampling device, which belongs to the technical field of hydrogeological detection, and particularly relates to a hydrogeological detection sampling device. According to the invention, the piston rod is lowered by pressing the handle downwards, so that a plurality of groups of samplers extend out of the fixed cylinder for sampling, the effect of multilayer soil sampling is achieved, the fixed cylinder is sealed by rotating the rotary cylinder, the effect of preventing the sampler from extending out is achieved, the effect of preventing other soil from mixing into the fixed cylinder when the sampler is taken out and inserted into soil is achieved, the sampling is more accurate, the rotary cylinder is fixed by inserting the limiting rod into the limiting groove, the rod body and the rotary cylinder synchronously rotate, and the effect of preventing the rotary cylinder and the rod body from being damaged by friction is achieved.

Description

Hydrogeology surveys sampling device

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of hydrogeological detection, in particular to a hydrogeological detection sampling device.

Background

In a hydrogeology exploration sampling device that patent publication number is CN111929100A, including base and sampling head, the base is rotated through the pivot and is connected with movable sill bar, the top parallel arrangement of base has the roof, the bottom surface symmetry sliding connection of roof has two movable ejector pins, movable sill bar is at the inside swing joint of activity ejector pin, installs movable sill bar, activity ejector pin, second knob, two-way lead screw, bracing piece, slider between base and roof, conveniently adjusts movable sill bar and activity ejector pin, guarantees the sampling head and the perpendicular sample of ground, guarantees the representativeness of sample, at the internally mounted sampling shell of roof, at the internally mounted first motor of sampling shell, slide bar, sliding block, gear, second motor, rack, conveniently take a sample to geology, use manpower sparingly, improve sampling efficiency, install the push pedal on the roof, The tight spring in top and push rod conveniently take out geological sample from the sampling head.

Based on the above explanation, in-process at soil sampling, it makes gear revolve to rotate through the motor, the gear drives the rack of meshing and moves down and drives the sampling head and insert ground and take a sample, this kind of sample mode can be through multiunit soil horizon at the in-process of sample, and the sample process of hydrogeology detection needs carry out sample analysis alone to the soil horizon of difference, the soil of sneaking into different levels in the disect insertion sampling head can lead to the sampling inaccuracy, when can lead to the multilayer sample simultaneously, need many times operation sampling head to carry out the sample of minute, the sample result is also accurate enough under the loaded down with trivial details condition of sample, consequently, a hydrogeology detection sampling device is provided.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to solve the defects in the prior art and provides a hydrogeological detection sampling device.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:

designing a hydrogeological detection sampling device, which comprises a rod body and two fixed plates, wherein the two fixed plates are horizontally arranged at intervals, the through hole is formed in the lower fixed plate, the rod body is vertically arranged between the two fixed plates, the lower end of the rod body is fixedly connected with a drill bit, the drill bit penetrates through the through hole, the motor is fixedly mounted on the upper fixed plate, the output shaft of the motor is fixedly connected with the upper end of the rod body, the two hydraulic telescopic rods are arranged on the lower fixed plate at intervals, and the output ends of the two hydraulic telescopic rods are fixedly connected with the upper fixed plate;

the sampling mechanism, the sampling mechanism movable mounting be in the pole body, just fixedly connected with is a plurality of on the sampling mechanism the sampler, the sampling mechanism be used for with the sampler is inserted and is taken a sample in the underground soil.

Preferably, the sampling mechanism comprises a movable mechanism, a ring plate, a piston rod, a plurality of movable rods, a plurality of connecting blocks, a plurality of fixed cylinders, a plurality of abdicating holes, two connecting rods and two groups of handles, the movable mechanism is fixedly arranged in the rod body, the ring plate is horizontally arranged above the rod body, the two groups of handles are symmetrically arranged on the ring plate, one ends of the two connecting rods are arranged on the ring plate at intervals, the other ends of the two connecting rods penetrate through the rod body and extend into the rod body, the upper end of the piston rod is fixedly connected with the two connecting rods, the lower end of the piston rod is fixedly connected with the movable mechanism, and the movable mechanism is used for enabling the piston rod to move up and down;

a plurality of fixed cylinder interval is installed the lateral wall of pole body, and a plurality of sampler activity is arranged and is being corresponded in the fixed cylinder, it is a plurality of the hole of stepping down sets up in the correspondence on the fixed cylinder, just the hole intercommunication of stepping down corresponds fixed cylinder with the inside of pole body, it is a plurality of connecting block fixed connection is corresponding on the sampler, it is a plurality of the one end of movable rod articulates and corresponds on the connecting block, the other end all articulates on the piston rod.

Preferably, the movable mechanism comprises a piston cylinder, a piston plate, a first air hole and a second air hole, the piston cylinder is fixedly arranged in the rod body, the piston plate is horizontally arranged in the piston cylinder, the lower end of the piston rod penetrates through the piston cylinder and is fixedly connected with the piston plate, and the first air hole is formed in the upper portion of the piston cylinder and the second air hole is formed in the bottom of the side wall of the piston cylinder.

Preferably, the rod body includes inner chamber, rotary drum, a plurality of intercommunication mouth and annular, the inner chamber is seted up in the rod body, the annular is seted up on the rod body, the rotary drum activity is arranged in the annular, a plurality of the intercommunication mouth is spaced apart to be established on the rotary drum, and a plurality of the intercommunication mouth with a plurality of the solid fixed cylinder one-to-one.

Preferably, the rod body is movably provided with the limiting mechanism, the limiting mechanism is fixedly connected with the rotating cylinder, and the limiting mechanism is used for limiting the rotating cylinder.

Preferably, the limiting mechanism comprises two baffles, a movable block, two sets of spring grooves, two springs, two sets of limiting grooves and two limiting rods, the two baffles are circumferentially arranged on the rod body along the axis of the rod body, the movable block is fixedly connected to the rotary drum and located between the two baffles, the two sets of spring grooves are respectively arranged on the corresponding baffles, the two sets of limiting grooves are arranged on the rod body and are respectively close to the corresponding baffles, one end of each limiting rod is inserted into one set of spring groove, the other end of each limiting rod penetrates through the movable block and is inserted into one set of limiting groove, and one end of each spring is respectively fixedly connected to the corresponding spring groove, and the other end of each spring is fixedly connected to the corresponding limiting rod.

Preferably, the radius of the abdicating hole is smaller than that of the sampler.

Preferably, a plurality of universal wheels are arranged on the lower fixing plate.

Preferably, one end of the plurality of fixed cylinders is communicated with the outside.

Preferably, one end of the movable rod on the piston rod is higher than the corresponding connecting block.

The hydrogeology exploration sampling device provided by the invention has the beneficial effects that: this hydrogeology surveys sampling device makes the piston rod descend through pushing down the handle, make many movable rods activity, make multiunit sampler stretch out from the solid fixed cylinder, and take a sample through the intercommunication mouth, reach the effect of once carrying out the multilayer soil sample, seal the solid fixed cylinder through rotatory rotary drum, reach the effect that blocks the sampler and stretch out, and then prevent that the piston plate from descending naturally, can reach simultaneously and prevent other soil from sneaking into in the solid fixed cylinder when taking out and inserting soil, make the more accurate effect of sample, insert movable block and spacing groove through the gag lever post, reach fixed rotary drum, make the synchronous rotation of rotary drum when pole body 1 is rotatory, reach the effect that prevents rotary drum and pole body 1 friction damage.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic isometric view of a hydrogeological detection sampling device according to the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a schematic front view of a cross-sectional structure of a hydrogeological detection sampling device according to the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a schematic partial sectional structure diagram of a hydrogeological detection sampling device according to the present invention.

Fig. 4 is a schematic view of a front view cross-sectional structure of a movable mechanism of the hydrogeological detection sampling device provided by the invention.

Fig. 5 is an enlarged schematic structural diagram of a part a of the hydrogeological detection sampling device provided by the present invention.

Fig. 6 is an enlarged structural diagram of a part B of the hydrogeological detection sampling device according to the present invention.

In the figure: 1 rod body, 11 inner cavities, 12 rotating cylinders, 13 communication ports, 14 annular grooves, 2 motors, 3 sampling mechanisms, 31 movable mechanisms, 311 piston cylinders, 312 piston plates, 313 first air holes, 314 second air holes, 32 annular plates, 33 piston rods, 34 movable rods, 35 connecting blocks, 36 fixed cylinders, 37 abdicating holes, 38 connecting rods, 39 handles, 4 limiting mechanisms, 41 baffle plates, 42 movable blocks, 43 spring grooves, 44 springs, 45 limiting grooves, 46 limiting rods, 5 hydraulic telescopic rods, 6 fixed plates, 7 samplers, 8 universal wheels, 9 through holes and 10 drill bits.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments.

Example 1:

referring to fig. 1-6, a hydrogeological detection sampling device comprises a rod body 1 and two fixing plates 6, wherein the two fixing plates 6 are horizontally arranged at intervals, a through hole 9 is formed in one fixing plate 6 at the lower part, the rod body 1 and a drill bit 10 can pass through the through hole 9, the rod body 1 is vertically arranged between the two fixing plates 6, the lower end of the rod body 1 is fixedly connected with the drill bit 10, the drill bit 10 passes through the through hole 9, the drill bit 10 is conveniently inserted into soil through rotation, a motor 2 is fixedly arranged on the upper fixing plate 6, an output shaft of the motor 2 is fixedly connected with the upper end of the rod body 1, the motor 2 provides rotary power, two hydraulic telescopic rods 5 are arranged on one fixing plate 6 at the lower part at intervals, output ends of the two hydraulic telescopic rods 5 are fixedly connected with the upper fixing plate 6, the hydraulic telescopic rods 5 enable the rod body 1 to move up and down, a plurality of universal wheels 8 are arranged on the lower fixing plate 6, the universal wheel 8 is convenient for pushing the device and also comprises;

sampling mechanism 3, 3 movable mounting of sampling mechanism are in pole body 1, and a plurality of samplers 7 of fixedly connected with on the sampling mechanism 3, and sampler 7 is used for the soil sample, and sampling mechanism 3 is used for taking a sample in inserting underground soil with sampler 7.

The sampling mechanism 3 comprises a movable mechanism 31, a ring plate 32, a piston rod 33, a plurality of movable rods 34, a plurality of connecting blocks 35, a plurality of fixed cylinders 36, a plurality of abdicating holes 37, two connecting rods 38 and two groups of handles 39, wherein the movable mechanism 31 is fixedly arranged in the rod body 1, the ring plate 32 is horizontally arranged above the rod body 1, the two groups of handles 39 are symmetrically arranged on the ring plate 32, the handles 39 are convenient to grasp and press down, one ends of the two connecting rods 38 are arranged on the ring plate 32 at intervals, the other ends of the two connecting rods 38 penetrate through the rod body 1 and extend into the rod body 1, the connecting rods 38 are used for connecting the ring plate 32 with the piston rod 33, the upper end of the piston rod 33 is fixedly connected with the two connecting rods 38, the lower end of the piston rod 33 is fixedly connected with the movable mechanism 31, the piston rod 33 drives other components to move by pressing down, and the movable mechanism 31 is used for enabling the piston rod 33 to move up and down;

the lateral wall at pole body 1 is installed at the interval to a plurality of fixed barrels 36, the one end and the external world of a plurality of fixed barrels 36 communicate, and a plurality of sampler 7 activity is arranged in the fixed barrel 36 that corresponds, fixed barrel 36 is used for protecting sampler 7, a plurality of holes of stepping down 37 are seted up on the fixed barrel 36 that corresponds, and the inside of the fixed barrel 36 that holes of stepping down 37 intercommunication correspond and pole body 1, the radius of the hole of stepping down 37 is less than sampler 7, the hole of stepping down 37 is used for making connecting block 35 pass through, a plurality of connecting block 35 fixed connection are on the sampler 7 that corresponds, connecting block 35 is used for connecting sampler 7 and movable rod 34, the one end of a plurality of movable rod 34 articulates on the connecting block 35 that corresponds, the other end all articulates on piston rod 33, the one end of movable rod 34 that is located on piston rod 33 is higher than corresponding connecting block 35.

The movable mechanism 31 includes a piston cylinder 311, a piston plate 312, a first air hole 313 and a second air hole 314, the piston cylinder 311 is fixedly installed in the shaft 1, the piston plate 312 is horizontally arranged in the piston cylinder 311, the lower end of the piston rod 33 penetrates through the piston cylinder 311 and is fixedly connected with the piston plate 312, the piston plate 312 partitions the piston cylinder 311 to change the distribution of the amount of gas inside, the first air hole 313 is opened above the piston cylinder 311, the second air hole 314 is opened at the bottom of the side wall of the piston cylinder 311, and the first air hole 313 and the second air hole 314 are used for circulating the gas.

The working principle is as follows: after the pushing device is pushed to a specified position, the universal wheel 8 is in a braking state, the motor 2 is started again to drive the rod body 1 and the drill bit 10 to rotate, the hydraulic telescopic rod 5 is started again to contract to drive the upper fixing plate 6 to descend, meanwhile, the rod body 1 and the drill bit 10 rotate and descend through the through hole 9 and are drilled into soil, and when the hydraulic telescopic rod 5 and the motor 2 rotate to a proper depth, the hydraulic telescopic rod 5 and the drill bit 10 are stopped;

pressing two sets of handles 39 again drives connecting rod 38 to move down, drives piston rod 33 to move down, makes piston plate 312 move down in piston cylinder 311, makes the gas below piston plate 312 discharge from second gas pocket 314, and first gas pocket 313 inhales simultaneously, drives movable rod 34 and removes, makes the connecting block move in fixed cylinder 36, drives sampler 7 and removes to stretching out pole body 1, take a sample to soil, mention handle 39 after the sample is accomplished, make sampler 7 retrieve, restart hydraulic telescopic rod 5 extension drive pole body 1 and rise, accomplish the sample of soil.

Example 2:

in embodiment 1, since the fixed cylinder 36 is communicated with the outside when taking out and inserting the soil, soil with other height may be left in the fixed cylinder 36, soil in a non-local position is taken out when sampling, and detection is not accurate, in order to prevent soil in other positions from being adhered when taking out and inserting, referring to fig. 1-6, the embodiment includes the rotating cylinder 12;

the rod body 1 comprises an inner cavity 11, a rotary cylinder 12, a plurality of communication ports 13 and a ring groove 14, wherein the inner cavity 11 is formed in the rod body 1, the ring groove 14 is used for placing the rotary cylinder 12, the rotary cylinder 12 is movably arranged in the ring groove 14, the rotary cylinder 12 is used for sealing the circulation between the rod body 1 and the outside, and meanwhile, a sampler 7 is blocked to extend out, so that the piston plate 312 is prevented from naturally descending under the action of gravity, the communication ports 13 are formed in the rotary cylinder 12 at intervals, the communication ports 13 correspond to the fixed cylinders 36 one by one, and the communication ports 13 are used for enabling the outside to be communicated with the fixed cylinders 36.

The working principle is as follows: firstly, the rotary drum 12 is rotated to ensure that the communication port 13 does not correspond to the fixed drum 36, then the motor 2 is started to rotate and the hydraulic telescopic rod 5 is contracted to ensure that the rod body 1 is inserted into the soil, then the rotary drum 12 is rotated to ensure that the communication port 13 corresponds to the fixed drum 36 one by one, then two groups of handles 39 are pressed to ensure that the sampler 7 moves to extend out of the rod body 1 for sampling, the handles 39 are lifted after sampling is finished to ensure that the sampler 7 is recovered, then the rotary drum 12 is rotated to ensure that the communication port 13 does not correspond to the fixed drum 36, and then the hydraulic telescopic rod 5 is started to extend to drive the rod body 1 to ascend to finish sampling of the soil.

Example 3:

in embodiment 2, since the rotary drum 12 is free to rotate, it is difficult to adjust the rotary drum 12 to correspond to the fixed drum 36 one by one, and the rotary drum 12 is difficult to rotate in cooperation with the shaft 1 when the shaft 1 is rotated, so that the rotary drum 12 and the shaft 1 rub against each other, in order to make the rotary drum 12 and the shaft 1 rotate synchronously, referring to fig. 1-6, the embodiment includes a limiting mechanism 4;

the rod body 1 is movably provided with a limiting mechanism 4, the limiting mechanism 4 is fixedly connected with the rotary drum 12, and the limiting mechanism 4 is used for limiting the rotary drum 12.

The limiting mechanism 4 comprises two baffle plates 41, a movable block 42, two sets of spring grooves 43, two springs 44, two sets of limiting grooves 45 and two limiting rods 46, wherein the two baffle plates 41 are arranged on the rod body 1 along the axial center circumference of the rod body 1, the baffle plates 41 are used for blocking the movable plate 42 so as to limit the moving space of the baffle plates 41, the movable block 42 is fixedly connected on the rotary drum 12, the movable block 42 is positioned between the two baffle plates 41, the rotary drum 12 is driven to rotate by the movement of the movable block 42, the two sets of spring grooves 43 are respectively arranged on the corresponding baffle plates 41, the springs 44 are arranged in the spring grooves 43, the two sets of limiting grooves 45 are respectively arranged on the rod body 1, the two sets of limiting grooves 45 are respectively close to the corresponding baffle plates 41, the limiting grooves 45 are used for inserting the limiting rods 46, one end of each limiting rod 46 is inserted into one set of spring grooves 43, the other end of each limiting rod penetrates through the movable block 42 and is inserted into one set of limiting grooves 45, the limiting rods 46 are matched with the limiting movable blocks 42, one end of each of the two sets of springs 44 is fixedly connected to the corresponding spring groove 43, the other end of each of the two sets of springs 44 is fixedly connected to the corresponding limiting rod 46, and the springs 44 are used for providing elastic force.

The working principle is as follows: pulling the limiting rod 46 to leave the limiting groove 45, then pulling the movable block 42 to be close to one of the baffle plates 41, simultaneously driving the rotary drum 12 to rotate until the communication port 13 does not correspond to the fixed drum 36, at the moment, pulling the limiting rod 46 close to the movable block 42, and then penetrating the limiting rod 46 through the movable block 42 and inserting the limiting rod into the limiting groove 45;

restarting motor 2 and hydraulic telescoping rod 5 makes the pole body 1 insert in soil, pull the gag lever post 46 again and to leaving spacing groove 45, stir the movable block 42 to being close to another baffle 41, drive rotary drum 12 simultaneously and rotate and take a sample after communicating port 13 corresponds with fixed cylinder 36, pull the gag lever post 46 after the sample is accomplished and to leaving spacing groove 45, stir the movable block 42 to communicating port 13 and fixed cylinder 36 do not correspond the back, make gag lever post 46 insert spacing groove 45, restart hydraulic telescoping rod 5 extension and drive pole body 1 and rise, accomplish the sample of soil.

The general working principle is as follows: after the pushing device is pushed to a specified position, the universal wheel 8 is in a braking state, the limiting rod 46 is pulled to leave the limiting groove 45, then the movable block 42 is pulled to be close to one of the baffle plates 41, meanwhile, the rotating cylinder 12 is driven to rotate until the communication port 13 does not correspond to the fixed cylinder 36, the limiting rod 46 close to the movable block 42 is pulled, the limiting rod 46 penetrates through the movable block 42 and is inserted into the limiting groove 45, then the motor 2 is started to drive the rod body 1 and the drill bit 10 to rotate, then the hydraulic telescopic rod 5 is started to contract to drive the upper fixing plate 6 to descend, meanwhile, the rod body 1 and the drill bit 10 rotate and descend through the through hole 9 and drill into the soil, when rotating to a proper depth, stopping the hydraulic telescopic rod 5 and the motor 2, pulling the limiting rod 46 to leave the limiting groove 45, shifting the movable block 42 to be close to the other baffle 41, and simultaneously driving the rotary drum 12 to rotate until the communication port 13 corresponds to the fixed drum 36;

pressing two groups of handles 39 again drives the connecting rod 38 to move downwards, driving the piston rod 33 to move downwards, enabling the piston plate 312 to move downwards in the piston cylinder 311, enabling gas below the piston plate 312 to be discharged from the second air hole 314, simultaneously sucking gas through the first air hole 313, driving the movable rod 34 to move, enabling the connecting block to move in the fixed cylinder 36, driving the sampler 7 to move to extend out of the rod body 1, sampling soil, lifting the handle 39 after sampling is completed, enabling the sampler 7 to be recovered, pulling the limiting rod 46 to leave the limiting groove 45, shifting the movable block 42 to the communication port 13 to be not corresponding to the fixed cylinder 36, enabling the limiting rod 46 to be inserted into the limiting groove 45, starting the hydraulic telescopic rod 5 to extend to drive the rod body 1 to ascend, and completing sampling of the soil.

The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art should be considered to be within the technical scope of the present invention, and the technical solutions and the inventive concepts thereof according to the present invention should be equivalent or changed within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A hydrogeological detection sampling device comprises a rod body (1) and two fixing plates (6), wherein the two fixing plates (6) are horizontally arranged at intervals, the through hole (9) is formed in one fixing plate (6) at the lower part, the rod body (1) is vertically arranged between the two fixing plates (6), the lower end of the rod body (1) is fixedly connected with a drill bit (10), the drill bit (10) penetrates through the through hole (9), the motor (2) is fixedly arranged on the upper fixing plate (6), the output shaft of the motor (2) is fixedly connected with the upper end of the rod body (1), the two hydraulic telescopic rods (5) are arranged on the lower fixing plate (6) at intervals, and the output ends of the two hydraulic telescopic rods (5) are fixedly connected with the upper fixing plate (6), it is characterized by also comprising;

sampling mechanism (3), sampling mechanism (3) movable mounting be in pole body (1), just fixedly connected with is a plurality of on sampling mechanism (3) sampler (7), sampling mechanism (3) be used for with sampler (7) are inserted and are taken a sample in the soil underground.

2. The hydrogeological detection sampling device according to claim 1, wherein the sampling mechanism (3) comprises a movable mechanism (31), a ring plate (32), a piston rod (33), a plurality of movable rods (34), a plurality of connecting blocks (35), a plurality of fixed cylinders (36), a plurality of abdicating holes (37), two connecting rods (38) and two sets of handles (39), the movable mechanism (31) is fixedly installed in the rod body (1), the ring plate (32) is horizontally arranged above the rod body (1), the two sets of handles (39) are symmetrically installed on the ring plate (32), one end of each connecting rod (38) is installed on the ring plate (32) at intervals, the other end of each connecting rod penetrates through the rod body (1) and extends into the rod body (1), and the upper end of the piston rod (33) is fixedly connected with the two connecting rods (38), The lower end of the piston rod is fixedly connected with the movable mechanism (31), and the movable mechanism (31) is used for enabling the piston rod (33) to move up and down;

a plurality of fixed cylinder (36) interval is installed the lateral wall of pole body (1), and a plurality of sampler (7) activity is arranged and is corresponding in fixed cylinder (36), a plurality of hole of stepping down (37) are seted up and are corresponded fixed cylinder (36) is last, just hole of stepping down (37) intercommunication corresponds fixed cylinder (36) with the inside of pole body (1), a plurality of connecting block (35) fixed connection is corresponding on sampler (7), a plurality of the one end of movable rod (34) articulates and corresponds connecting block (35) is last, the other end all articulates on piston rod (33).

3. The hydrogeological detection and sampling device according to claim 2, wherein the movable mechanism (31) comprises a piston cylinder (311), a piston plate (312), a first air hole (313) and a second air hole (314), the piston cylinder (311) is fixedly installed in the rod body (1), the piston plate (312) is horizontally arranged in the piston cylinder (311), the lower end of the piston rod (33) penetrates through the piston cylinder (311) and is fixedly connected with the piston plate (312), the first air hole (313) is formed above the piston cylinder (311), and the second air hole (314) is formed at the bottom of the side wall of the piston cylinder (311).

4. The hydrogeological detection and sampling device according to claim 2, wherein the shaft (1) comprises an inner cavity (11), a rotating cylinder (12), a plurality of communication ports (13) and a ring groove (14), the inner cavity (11) is opened in the shaft (1), the ring groove (14) is opened on the shaft (1), the rotating cylinder (12) is movably arranged in the ring groove (14), the plurality of communication ports (13) are opened on the rotating cylinder (12) at intervals, and the plurality of communication ports (13) correspond to the plurality of fixed cylinders (36) in a one-to-one manner.

5. The hydrogeological detection and sampling device according to claim 4, wherein the rod body (1) is movably provided with the limiting mechanism (4), the limiting mechanism (4) is fixedly connected with the rotating cylinder (12), and the limiting mechanism (4) is used for limiting the rotating cylinder (12).

6. The hydrogeological detection and sampling device according to claim 5, wherein the limiting mechanism (4) comprises two baffles (41), a movable block (42), two sets of spring grooves (43), two springs (44), two sets of limiting grooves (45) and two limiting rods (46), the two baffles (41) are circumferentially arranged on the rod body (1) along the axis of the rod body (1), the movable block (42) is fixedly connected to the rotary drum (12), the movable block (42) is located between the two baffles (41), the two sets of spring grooves (43) are respectively arranged on the corresponding baffles (41), the two sets of limiting grooves (45) are respectively arranged on the rod body (1), the two sets of limiting grooves (45) are respectively close to the corresponding baffles (41), one end of the limiting rod (46) is inserted into one set of the spring grooves (43), and the other end of the limiting rod (46) is inserted into the other set of spring grooves (43), The other end of the spring penetrates through the movable block (42) and is inserted into one group of the limiting grooves (45), one end of each of the two groups of springs (44) is fixedly connected into the corresponding spring groove (43), and the other end of each of the two groups of springs is fixedly connected to the corresponding limiting rod (46).

7. Hydrogeological detection sampling device according to claim 2, characterized in that the radius of the abdicating hole (37) is smaller than the sampler (7).

8. Hydrogeological detection and sampling device according to claim 1, characterized in that a plurality of said universal wheels (8) are mounted on the lower one of said fixed plates (6).

9. The hydrogeological sampling device as defined in claim 2, wherein one end of said plurality of fixed cylinders (36) is in communication with the outside.

10. Hydrogeological detection sampling device according to claim 2, characterized in that one end of said movable rod (34) located on said piston rod (33) is higher than the corresponding connecting block (35).