CN114112343B - Device for measuring tiny looseness of double-screw connecting structure - Google Patents
Device for measuring tiny looseness of double-screw connecting structure Download PDFInfo
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- CN114112343B CN114112343B CN202111337386.1A CN202111337386A CN114112343B CN 114112343 B CN114112343 B CN 114112343B CN 202111337386 A CN202111337386 A CN 202111337386A CN 114112343 B CN114112343 B CN 114112343B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M13/00—Testing of machine parts
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M7/00—Vibration-testing of structures; Shock-testing of structures
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Abstract
A device for measuring micro looseness of a double screw connection structure. The device comprises an experiment platform, a double screw hole thin-wall test piece, a screw, a pressure sensor, a bottom end fixing test piece, a laser displacement sensor, a fuse, a signal generating device and a controller; the device for measuring the micro looseness of the double-screw connecting structure has the following beneficial effects: 1. the method is simple in operation, high in precision and accurate in data. 2. The method mainly measures the rigidity softening and hysteresis characteristics of the connection structure when the connection interface of the double-screw connection structure is slightly twisted relatively, and provides a reliable and practical measurement method for the dynamic performance of the double-screw connection interface under the torsion working condition. 3. By comparing hysteresis curves of the two screw connection structures, the mutual coupling relation of the two screw connection structures under the same torque can be analyzed, reasonable prediction and evaluation can be carried out, and reasonable scientific basis and method are provided for online detection.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of test equipment, and particularly relates to a device for measuring micro looseness of a double-screw connection structure.
Background
A large number of screw and bolt connection structures are commonly used on aircraft, and the connection structures can be subjected to external various excitations, so that the connection interface can be subjected to a condition of rigidity softening, thereby causing connection failure. At present, most students pay attention to tangential microscopic sliding of a connecting structure, describe phenomena of rigidity softening and friction hysteresis of a connecting interface, and neglect influence under torsion working conditions. The fault analysis of the existing aircraft structure finds that torsion has a large influence on the connecting interface; in practical application, screw connection is in pairs, and fuses are connected among most double screw connection structures on an aircraft, so that screw loosening phenomenon can be found in time, and research means for measuring tiny loosening of the double screw connection structures is lacking.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the above problems, an object of the present invention is to provide a device for measuring a minute looseness of a double screw connection structure.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the device for measuring the micro looseness of the double screw connection structure provided by the invention comprises an experimental platform, a double screw hole thin-wall test piece, a screw, a pressure sensor, a bottom end fixing test piece, a laser displacement sensor, a fuse, a signal generating device and a controller; the experimental platform comprises a vibration isolation plate, an upright post, a cross rod and a guide rod; the vibration isolation plate is horizontally arranged; the lower ends of the two upright posts are respectively fixed at two sides of the front end of the vibration isolation plate; two ends of the cross rod are respectively fixed at the upper parts of the two upright posts; the upper ends of the three guide rods are hung on the cross rod and can move along the cross rod; the double screw hole thin-wall test piece comprises a transverse plate and a boss; the transverse plate is vertically arranged, the left side and the right side of the lower end respectively extend forwards to form a boss, and each boss is provided with an opening; a round hole is respectively arranged at the center point on the transverse plate, at a certain point between the center point and any boss and at a certain point outside any boss as an excitation point; the lower end of the bottom end fixing test piece is fixed at the front part of the vibration isolation plate, and the top surface is contacted with the bottom surface of the boss on the double screw hole thin-wall test piece; after each screw passes through the pressure sensor downwards, the screw passes through an opening on a boss and then is connected to the top of the bottom end fixing test piece through threads, so that the double screw hole thin-wall test piece and the bottom end fixing test piece are connected together; the two ends of the fuse are respectively connected with the upper ends of the two screws, and the fuse is in a loose state; the pressure sensor is arranged between the upper end part of the screw and the top of the double screw hole thin-wall test piece; the signal generating device comprises a vibration exciter, a power amplifier, a signal generator and a force sensor; the vibration exciter is arranged on the vibration isolation plate positioned at the rear side of the double screw hole thin-wall test piece in a mode of being capable of moving left and right, front and back and up and down, and the front end of the vibration exciter is provided with a vibration rod which can be inserted into any round hole on the transverse plate; the signal generator is electrically connected with the power amplifier and the vibration exciter in sequence; the force sensor is arranged on the vibration exciter; the three laser displacement sensors are respectively arranged at the lower ends of the three guide rods, wherein laser beams emitted by the two laser displacement sensors positioned at two sides irradiate symmetrical distances at two ends of the double screw hole thin-wall test piece, and laser beams emitted by the middle laser displacement sensor irradiate excitation points to be tested and are used for collecting displacement data of specified positions and excitation point positions at two ends of the double screw hole thin-wall test piece; the controller is electrically connected with the signal generator, the force sensor and the laser displacement sensor respectively.
The controller adopts a computer.
The lower end of the double screw hole thin-wall test piece is fixed on the vibration isolation plate by adopting a bolt.
The device for measuring the micro looseness of the double-screw connecting structure has the following beneficial effects: 1. the method is simple in operation, high in precision and accurate in data. 2. The method mainly measures the rigidity softening and hysteresis characteristics of the connection structure when the connection interface of the double-screw connection structure is slightly twisted relatively, and provides a reliable and practical measurement method for the dynamic performance of the double-screw connection interface under the torsion working condition. 3. By comparing hysteresis curves of the two screw connection structures, the mutual coupling relation of the two screw connection structures under the same torque can be analyzed, reasonable prediction and evaluation can be carried out, and reasonable scientific basis and method are provided for online detection.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a perspective view of a device for measuring micro looseness of a double screw connection structure, which is provided by the invention.
Fig. 2 is an enlarged view of a partial structure of a device for measuring a minute looseness of a double screw connection structure according to the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a structural cross-sectional view of a thin-wall test piece part of a double screw hole in the device for measuring the micro looseness of the double screw connection structure.
Fig. 4 is a perspective view of a thin-wall test piece with double screw holes in the device for measuring the micro looseness of the double screw connection structure.
Detailed Description
The invention will now be described in detail with reference to the drawings and specific examples.
As shown in fig. 1 to 4, the device for measuring the micro looseness of the double screw connection structure provided by the invention comprises an experiment platform 1, a double screw hole thin-wall test piece 2, a screw 3, a pressure sensor 4, a bottom end fixing test piece 6, a laser displacement sensor 7, a fuse 8, a signal generating device and a controller; the experiment platform 1 comprises a vibration isolation plate 1-1, an upright post 1-2, a cross rod 1-3 and a guide rod 1-4; the vibration isolation plate 1-1 is horizontally arranged; the lower ends of the two upright posts 1-2 are respectively fixed at two sides of the front end of the vibration isolation plate 1-1; two ends of the cross rod 1-3 are respectively fixed at the upper parts of the two upright posts 1-2; the upper ends of the three guide rods 1-4 are hung on the cross rod 1-3 and can move along the cross rod 1-3; the double screw hole thin-wall test piece 2 comprises a transverse plate 2-1 and a boss 2-2; the transverse plate 2-1 is vertically arranged, the left side and the right side of the lower end respectively extend forwards to form a boss 2-2, and an opening 2-3 is formed on each boss 2-2; a round hole is respectively arranged at a center point O on the transverse plate 2-1, a certain point A between the center point O and any boss 2-2 and a certain point B outside any boss 2-2 as excitation points; the lower end of the bottom end fixing test piece 6 is fixed at the front part of the vibration isolation plate 1-1, and the top surface is contacted with the bottom surface of the boss 2-2 on the double screw hole thin-wall test piece 2; after each screw 3 passes through the pressure sensor 4 downwards, the screw passes through the opening 2-3 on one boss 2-2 and then is connected to the top of the bottom end fixing test piece 6 in a threaded manner, so that the double screw hole thin-wall test piece 2 and the bottom end fixing test piece 6 are connected together; the two ends of the fuse 8 are respectively connected with the upper ends of the two screws 3, and the fuse 8 is in a loose state; the pressure sensor 4 is arranged between the upper end part of the screw 3 and the top of the double screw hole thin-wall test piece 2; the signal generating device comprises a vibration exciter 5, a power amplifier, a signal generator and a force sensor; the vibration exciter 5 is arranged on the vibration isolation plate 1-1 positioned at the rear side of the double screw hole thin-wall test piece 2 in a manner of being capable of moving left and right, front and back and up and down, and the front end of the vibration exciter is provided with a vibration rod which can be inserted into any round hole on the transverse plate 2-1; the signal generator is electrically connected with the power amplifier and the vibration exciter 5 in sequence; the force sensor is arranged on the vibration exciter 5; the three laser displacement sensors 7 are respectively arranged at the lower ends of the three guide rods 1-4, wherein laser beams emitted by the two laser displacement sensors 7 positioned at two sides irradiate symmetrical distances at two ends of the double screw hole thin-wall test piece 2, and laser beams emitted by the middle laser displacement sensor 7 irradiate excitation points to be detected and are used for collecting displacement data of specified positions and excitation point positions at two ends of the double screw hole thin-wall test piece 2; the controller is electrically connected with the signal generator, the force sensor and the laser displacement sensor 7 respectively.
The controller adopts a computer.
The lower end of the double screw hole thin-wall test piece 2 is fixed on the vibration isolation plate 1-1 by adopting a bolt.
The working principle of the device for measuring the micro looseness of the double-screw connecting structure provided by the invention is explained as follows:
when the device is required to measure the tiny looseness of the double-screw connecting structure, firstly, an experimenter screws two screws 3 with a certain same torque, then two ends of a fuse 8 are respectively connected to the upper ends of the two screws 3, and the fuse 8 is in a loose state; then, the vibration exciter 5 is moved left and right, front and back or up and down according to the selected excitation point until the vibration rod on the vibration exciter is inserted into the round hole corresponding to the excitation point on the transverse plate 2-1 of the double screw hole thin-wall test piece 2; then, the three guide rods 1-4 and the laser displacement sensors 7 on the guide rods are moved along the cross rod 1-3, so that laser beams emitted by the two laser displacement sensors 7 positioned at two sides are irradiated at symmetrical distances at two ends of the double screw hole thin-wall test piece 2, and laser beams emitted by the middle laser displacement sensor 7 are irradiated on an excitation point to be tested. The controller is started to send out an analog signal to a signal generator on the signal generating device, the signal generator converts the signal into an electric signal and inputs the electric signal to the power amplifier, the power amplifier amplifies the signal and then transmits the electric signal to the vibration exciter 5, so that the vibration exciter 5 generates excitation with certain frequency and amplitude, then the vibration exciter acts on the excitation points of the double screw hole thin-wall test piece 2 through the vibration rod to generate micro vibration and drive the connection interface of the two screws 3 and the bottom end fixing test piece 6 to generate micro torsion, the connection interface of the screws 3 generates micro looseness, the micro torsion is determined by the amplitude of the excitation, and the torsion angle can be changed by controlling different excitation signal amplitudes; the magnitude of the pre-tightening force can be varied by tightening the screw 3 using a torque wrench.
In the cyclic loading process, three laser displacement sensors 7 are used for respectively collecting displacement change curves (S-t curves) of two ends of the double screw hole thin-wall test piece 2 and the positions of excitation points, and thenTransmitting to the controller; the force data information (F-t curve) is collected through a force sensor on the vibration exciter 5 and then transmitted to the controller; the torque of the screw 3 is changed through a torque wrench, and the pre-tightening force can be read and recorded through the pressure sensor 4; collecting data information under multiple groups of different torques and sorting; by sorting and analyzing the data, seven groups of curves can be obtained according to the data information under a certain torque, which are hysteresis curves between the displacement of two ends respectively (S 1 -S 3 ) Hysteresis curve between one-end displacement and intermediate displacement (S 1 -S 2 、S 3 -S 2 ) Hysteresis curve between displacement of one end and force (S 1 -F、S 2 -F) and a hysteresis curve (θ) between its relative rotation angle and torque obtained by calculating the relative displacement from the displacement of the two ends to the displacement of the middle 1 -M、θ 3 -M)。
Then, the vibration exciter 5 is moved left and right until a vibrating rod on the vibration exciter is inserted into a round hole corresponding to another excitation point on the transverse plate 2-1 of the double screw hole thin-wall test piece 2; or changing the friction coefficient of the connecting interface, repeating the above operation to obtain a series of curve comparison analysis torque and stiffness softening and hysteresis curves under the friction coefficient, and comparing two groups of hysteresis curves (theta 1 -M、θ 3 And M) analyzing the coupling relation between two screws when the mechanism of the different pretightening forces on the tiny looseness of the connecting interface under a certain torque and the pretightening forces are different.
In addition, the device can be used for detecting the mutual influence of the two bolts 3 after the fuse 8 is removed, recording related data and evaluating the influence.
Claims (3)
1. A device for measuring little not hard up of double screw connection structure, its characterized in that: the device for measuring the micro looseness of the double screw connection structure comprises an experimental platform (1), a double screw hole thin-wall test piece (2), screws (3), a pressure sensor (4), a bottom end fixing test piece (6), a laser displacement sensor (7), a fuse (8), a signal generating device and a controller; the experimental platform (1) comprises a vibration isolation plate (1-1), an upright post (1-2), a cross rod (1-3) and a guide rod (1-4); the vibration isolation plate (1-1) is horizontally arranged; the lower ends of the two upright posts (1-2) are respectively fixed at two sides of the front end of the vibration isolation plate (1-1); two ends of the cross rod (1-3) are respectively fixed at the upper parts of the two upright posts (1-2); the upper ends of the three guide rods (1-4) are hung on the cross rod (1-3) and can move along the cross rod (1-3); the double screw hole thin-wall test piece (2) comprises a transverse plate (2-1) and a boss (2-2); the transverse plate (2-1) is vertically arranged, the left side and the right side of the lower end respectively extend forwards to form a boss (2-2), and an opening (2-3) is formed on each boss (2-2); a round hole is respectively arranged at the center point on the transverse plate (2-1), at a certain point between the center point and any boss (2-2) and at a certain point outside any boss (2-2) as an excitation point; the lower end of the bottom end fixing test piece (6) is fixed at the front part of the vibration isolation plate (1-1), and the top surface is contacted with the bottom surface of the boss (2-2) on the double screw hole thin-wall test piece (2); each screw (3) passes through the pressure sensor (4) downwards and then passes through an opening (2-3) on one boss (2-2) to be connected with the top of the bottom end fixing test piece (6) in a threaded manner, so that the double screw hole thin-wall test piece (2) and the bottom end fixing test piece (6) are connected together; the two ends of the fuse (8) are respectively connected with the upper ends of the two screws (3), and the fuse (8) is in a loose state; the pressure sensor (4) is arranged between the upper end part of the screw (3) and the top of the double screw hole thin-wall test piece (2); the signal generating device comprises a vibration exciter (5), a power amplifier, a signal generator and a force sensor; the vibration exciter (5) is arranged on the vibration isolation plate (1-1) positioned at the rear side of the double screw hole thin-wall test piece (2) in a mode of being capable of moving left and right, front and back and up and down, and the front end of the vibration exciter is provided with a vibration rod which can be inserted into any round hole on the transverse plate (2-1); the signal generator is electrically connected with the power amplifier and the vibration exciter (5) in sequence; the force sensor is arranged on the vibration exciter (5); the three laser displacement sensors (7) are respectively arranged at the lower ends of the three guide rods (1-4), wherein laser beams emitted by the two laser displacement sensors (7) at two sides irradiate symmetrical distances at two ends of the double screw hole thin-wall test piece (2), and laser beams emitted by the middle laser displacement sensor (7) irradiate excitation points to be detected and are used for collecting displacement data of specified positions and excitation point positions at two ends of the double screw hole thin-wall test piece (2); the controller is electrically connected with the signal generator, the force sensor and the laser displacement sensor (7) respectively.
2. The device for measuring micro-loosening of a double screw connection according to claim 1, wherein: the controller adopts a computer.
3. The device for measuring micro-loosening of a double screw connection according to claim 1, wherein: the lower end of the double screw hole thin-wall test piece (2) is fixed on the vibration isolation plate (1-1) by adopting a bolt.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111337386.1A CN114112343B (en) | 2021-11-12 | 2021-11-12 | Device for measuring tiny looseness of double-screw connecting structure |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202111337386.1A CN114112343B (en) | 2021-11-12 | 2021-11-12 | Device for measuring tiny looseness of double-screw connecting structure |
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| CN114112343A CN114112343A (en) | 2022-03-01 |
| CN114112343B true CN114112343B (en) | 2023-09-15 |
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| JP2020201050A (en) * | 2019-06-06 | 2020-12-17 | 独立行政法人国立高等専門学校機構 | Method and device for testing screw fastening state |
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2021
- 2021-11-12 CN CN202111337386.1A patent/CN114112343B/en active Active
Patent Citations (7)
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| JPH10142099A (en) * | 1996-11-07 | 1998-05-29 | Ricoh Co Ltd | Vibration experiment device |
| CN202501977U (en) * | 2012-02-17 | 2012-10-24 | 北京工业大学 | Experimental device for testing normal-stiffness and retardant features of double-bolt joint surface |
| WO2019024174A1 (en) * | 2017-08-02 | 2019-02-07 | 大连理工大学 | Closed-loop control method for screw loosening tester capable of precisely controlling lateral load |
| CN107576440A (en) * | 2017-09-21 | 2018-01-12 | 北京工业大学 | The measuring method that a kind of residual stress influences on tangential double bolt fastening structure relaxations |
| CN109946031A (en) * | 2019-03-22 | 2019-06-28 | 天津大学 | A kind of single beam vibration experiment system |
| CN110146397A (en) * | 2019-05-24 | 2019-08-20 | 西北工业大学 | One kind being bolted interface micro-moving frictional wear test device and its method |
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