CN114112190A - Special-shaped brittle ceramic structural member centroid and mass deviation detection tool and detection method - Google Patents
Special-shaped brittle ceramic structural member centroid and mass deviation detection tool and detection method Download PDFInfo
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- G01M1/00—Testing static or dynamic balance of machines or structures
- G01M1/12—Static balancing; Determining position of centre of gravity
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- G—PHYSICS
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Abstract
The invention discloses a special-shaped brittle ceramic structural member centroid and mass deviation detection tool and a detection method. The tool comprises a detection platform, wherein a rotating wheel set is arranged on the detection platform, a tool main body is arranged on the rotating wheel set, and a reference plate which is vertically arranged and has the same rotating axis as the tool main body is arranged in the tool main body; the outer side surface of the reference plate is an outer reference surface, the inner side surface of the reference plate is movably connected with a connecting ring which is horizontally arranged and has the same rotation axis as the reference plate, the periphery of the connecting ring is used for sleeving a special-shaped brittle ceramic structural member, and the end surface of a port of the special-shaped brittle ceramic structural member is flush with the inner side surface of the reference plate; the periphery of the outer side of the tool main body is also provided with a plurality of balancing weights; an automatic reading system capable of automatically reading the mass, the center of mass, the eccentricity and the eccentricity angle is also included. The detection method improves the measurement accuracy of the mass center and the mass deviation of the special-shaped brittle ceramic structural member, has good measurement stability, and can meet the measurement requirements of special-shaped brittle structure aircraft products.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of detection of ceramic products with special-shaped brittle structures for aircrafts, in particular to a tool and a method for detecting mass centers and mass deviations of special-shaped brittle ceramic structural parts.
Background
The mass center and the mass deviation are inherent characteristics of the structural member of the aircraft and are necessary control parameters for ensuring that the aircraft can keep the attitude flight. The mass center position influences the stability and the speed of the aircraft, and the mass deviation determines the flight orbit and the flight accuracy, so that the measurement of the mass center position and the speed has very important significance.
Accurate reference point data needs to be obtained when the centroid and the mass deviation are measured, the line position parameters are determined, and accurate centroid data are obtained through conversion. The methods for measuring mass center and mass deviation in the prior art are mainly divided into two types: one is a static measurement method based on the static moment balance principle, such as a suspension method, a multipoint support method, an unbalanced moment method and the like; the other is a dynamic measurement method, such as a complex pendulum method, a rotational inertia method, a dynamic balance method and the like.
With the development of aircraft technology, the appearance and structure of an aircraft are developed from a cylindrical or conical regular structure to an asymmetric special-shaped structure, which brings great difficulty and challenge to the detection of the mass center and mass deviation of the aircraft, especially for some special-shaped brittle ceramic structural members. On one hand, the special-shaped brittle ceramic structural parts have no available holes, grooves and the like for connection, on the other hand, the structural parts have irregular profiles and are difficult to assemble, so that the detection difficulty of mass centers and mass deviation is higher.
In the prior art, a detection tool for detecting the mass center and the mass deviation of the special-shaped brittle ceramic structural member is not provided, so that a detection tool and a detection method capable of detecting the mass center and the mass deviation of the special-shaped brittle ceramic structural member are researched and developed, and the detection precision and the measurement stability are improved.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a tool and a method for detecting the mass center and the mass deviation of a special-shaped brittle ceramic structural member, so that the detection precision of the mass center and the mass deviation of the special-shaped brittle ceramic structural member is improved, and the measurement requirement of an aircraft product with a special-shaped brittle structure is met.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides a mass center and mass deviation detection tool for a special-shaped brittle ceramic structural part, which comprises a detection platform, wherein a rotating wheel set is arranged on the detection platform, a tool main body capable of horizontally rotating is arranged on the rotating wheel set, and the special-shaped brittle ceramic structural part is characterized in that: a reference plate which is vertically arranged and has the same rotation axis as the tool main body is arranged in the tool main body, the thickness of the reference plate is uniform, and the outer side surface and the inner side surface of the reference plate are parallel and vertical; the outer side surface of the reference plate is an outer reference surface, the inner side surface of the reference plate is movably connected with a connecting ring which is horizontally arranged and has the same rotation axis as the reference plate, the periphery of the connecting ring is used for sleeving a special-shaped brittle ceramic structural member which is matched with the connecting ring and can rotate together with the connecting ring, and the end surface of the port of the special-shaped brittle ceramic structural member is flush with the inner side surface of the reference plate; the periphery of the outer side of the tool main body is also provided with a plurality of balancing weights for adjusting the eccentricity of the detection tool to be 0; an automatic reading system capable of automatically reading the mass, the center of mass, the eccentricity and the eccentricity angle is also included.
The outer peripheral surface of the connecting ring is sleeved with a flexible rubber belt, and the outer peripheral surface of the connecting ring is subjected to sand paper polishing and sand blasting texturing treatment; the contact surface of the inner cavity of the special-shaped brittle ceramic structural part and the connecting ring is subjected to sand paper polishing and sand blasting texturing treatment.
The thickness of the flexible rubber belt is 0.2 mm-0.3 mm.
The rotating wheel set comprises a front rotating wheel set and a rear rotating wheel set, the front rotating wheel set comprises two vertically arranged rotating wheels, and the rear rotating wheel set comprises two vertically arranged rotating wheels; the tool main body comprises an annular front supporting wheel corresponding to the front rotating wheel set and an annular rear supporting wheel corresponding to the rear rotating wheel set, and a plurality of connecting rods are connected between the edge of the front supporting wheel and the edge of the rear supporting wheel; the datum plate is built into the front support wheel hub.
And the outer side of the edge of the front supporting wheel and the outer side of the edge of the rear supporting wheel are respectively provided with an annular front rotating contact surface and an annular rear rotating contact surface with L-shaped sections.
The reference plate is provided with a through hole corresponding to and communicated with the connecting ring annular hole, the reference plate is movably connected with the connecting ring through a plurality of screws, and the diameter of the outer reference surface is also provided with a positioning pin for fixing the relative position of the connecting ring and the special-shaped brittle ceramic structural member.
And the gap between the end surface of the port of the special-shaped brittle ceramic structural part and the inner side surface of the reference plate is less than 0.02 mm.
The tool main body is a light alloy part.
The mass center is the distance between the special-shaped brittle ceramic structural member and the outer reference surface.
The invention provides a method for detecting mass center and mass deviation of a special-shaped brittle ceramic structural part by adopting the tool, which comprises the following steps:
step 1), adopting a standard component to calibrate the tool: marking a mark on the outer reference surface at intervals of a certain angle, and marking a plurality of marks; assembling a standard part on the tool, horizontally placing the tool on a detection platform, aligning each mark with a marking line of the detection platform respectively, and measuring the data of the mass, the mass center, the eccentric distance and the eccentric angle of the tool; in the eccentricity data measured for a plurality of times, all the eccentricity data need to be 0, otherwise, the balancing weight is adjusted, and the eccentricity is measured again until the eccentricity is 0; finally, the automatic reading system dynamically reads out the mass m of the tool0Center of mass h0Eccentricity w0Eccentric angle theta0；
Step 2), assembling the special-shaped brittle ceramic structural part: taking the tool down from the detection platform, taking the connecting ring down, wherein the small end is upward, and the large end is placed on a standard platform with more than two levels; vertically sleeving the special-shaped brittle ceramic structural part on the connecting ring, and slowly extruding until the large-end face of the special-shaped brittle ceramic structural part is flush with the standard platform face; then integrally mounting the special-shaped brittle ceramic structural member and the connecting ring on the inner side surface of the reference plate;
step 3), detecting the total mass center and the mass deviation of the special-shaped brittle ceramic structural part + of the tool: horizontally placing the tool assembled with the special-shaped brittle ceramic structural member on a detection platform, and automatically reading out the special-shaped brittle ceramic structural member by an automatic reading systemType brittle ceramic structural component + total mass m of frock1Total center of mass h1Total eccentricity w1Total eccentric angle theta1；
And 4), calculating the mass center and the eccentricity of the tested special-shaped brittle ceramic structural part: respectively setting the mass, the mass center, the eccentricity and the eccentricity angle of the special-shaped brittle ceramic structural component as m2、h2、w2And theta2According to the principle of moment balance, in the same direction, m0*h0+m2*h2＝m1*h1Then the centroid of the measured structural member can be found to be h2＝(m1*h1-m0*h0)/m2；
Because the eccentricity of the tool is w0If the mass of the special-shaped brittle ceramic structural component is 0, the mass of the special-shaped brittle ceramic structural component and the total mass of the special-shaped brittle ceramic structural component and the tool are in the same direction, and m is m according to the moment balance principle0*w0+m2*w2＝m1*w1Due to the eccentric distance w of the tool00, the eccentricity w of the special-shaped brittle ceramic structural component (4) can be obtained2＝m1*w1/m2That is, the eccentricity of the profiled ceramic structural member to be measured in the direction of the eccentric angle is w2。
The invention has the advantages that:
1. the tool is suitable for the characteristics of the non-connection hole and non-groove structure of the non-specific brittle ceramic structural member by sleeving the non-specific brittle ceramic structural member which is matched with the connection ring and can rotate together with the connection ring on the periphery of the connection ring which can rotate horizontally;
2. the method does not use the outer molded surface of the special-shaped brittle ceramic structural part as a contact surface, but uses the end surface of the port of the special-shaped brittle ceramic structural part as a reference surface, thereby effectively improving the detection precision;
3. according to the method, the eccentricity of the tool is adjusted to be 0, three-dimensional calculation of the eccentricity is converted into two-dimensional calculation, the measuring and calculating method of the mass center and the mass deviation is simplified, the detection is more efficient and convenient, and the engineering practicability is higher;
the tool and the method for detecting the mass center and the mass deviation of the special-shaped brittle ceramic structural member improve the measurement precision of the mass center and the mass deviation of the special-shaped brittle ceramic structural member, have good measurement stability, and can meet the measurement requirements of special-shaped brittle structure aircraft products.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a port view of a profiled brittle ceramic structural member;
FIG. 2 is a side cross-sectional view of a profiled brittle ceramic structural member;
FIG. 3 is a front view of the mass center and mass deviation detection tool for the special-shaped brittle ceramic structural member of the invention;
FIG. 4 is a side sectional view of the mass center and mass deviation detection tool for the special-shaped brittle ceramic structural member of the invention;
FIG. 5 is a front view of the tool for detecting mass center and mass deviation of the special-shaped brittle ceramic structural member;
FIG. 6 is a side sectional view for detecting mass center and mass deviation of the special-shaped brittle ceramic structural member by using the tool of the invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of a part assembly of the special-shaped brittle ceramic structural component and the tooling in FIG. 6;
in the figure:
the device comprises a detection platform 1, a tool main body 2, a rotating wheel set 3, a special-shaped brittle ceramic structural part 4, a connecting ring 5, a balancing weight 6, an automatic reading system 7, a reference plate 8 and a flexible rubber belt 9;
the tool main body 2 includes: the front support wheel 2-1, the front rotating contact surface 2-11, the rear support wheel 2-2, the rear rotating contact surface 2-21 and the connecting rod 2-3;
the rotating wheel group 3 includes: a front rotating wheel set 3-1 and a rear rotating wheel set 3-2;
the reference plate 8 includes: the device comprises an outer reference surface A, a through hole 8-1, a screw 8-2 and a positioning pin 8-3.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "length", "width", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", and the like, indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships illustrated in the drawings, and are used merely for convenience in describing the present invention and for simplicity in description, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed in a particular orientation, and be operated, and thus, are not to be construed as limiting the invention.
As shown in figures 1-4, this heterotypic brittle ceramic structure spare barycenter, the inclined to one side detection frock of matter include testing platform 1, the last running wheel group 3 that is equipped with of testing platform 1, the last frock main part 2 that can the horizontal rotation that is equipped with of running wheel group 3. A reference plate 8 which is vertically arranged and has the same rotation axis as the tool main body 2 is arranged in the tool main body 2, the thickness of the reference plate 8 is uniform, and the outer side surface and the inner side surface are parallel and vertical; 8 lateral surfaces of benchmark board are outer reference surface A, and medial surface swing joint has the go-between 5 that the level was arranged, and the same axis of rotation of benchmark board 8, 5 peripheries of go-between are used for the cover to establish with go-between 5 phase-matchs, and can with go-between 5 co-rotating heterotypic brittle ceramic structure spare 4, and 4 port terminal surfaces of heterotypic brittle ceramic structure spare flush with 8 medial surfaces of benchmark board. The periphery of the outer side of the tool main body 2 is also provided with a plurality of balancing weights 6 which are used for adjusting the eccentricity of the detection tool to be 0. The detection tool further comprises an automatic reading system 7 capable of automatically reading the mass, the mass center, the eccentricity and the eccentric angle.
This frock is established through 5 periphery covers at go-between that can the level rotate with the go-between phase-match, and can with go-between 5 co-rotating heterotypic fragile ceramic structure 4, adapted to the characteristics that heterotypic fragile ceramic structure 4 does not have connecting hole, no groove structure. The tool takes an outer reference surface A (or the end face of the port of the special-shaped brittle ceramic structural component 4 parallel to the outer reference surface A) as a reference surface, and the mass is required to be deviated on the horizontal rotation axis of the special-shaped brittle ceramic structural component 4, namely the eccentricity is 0.
The gap between the connecting ring 5 and the inner profile of the special-shaped brittle ceramic structural part 4 is 0.1 mm-0.2 mm. Specifically, the outer peripheral surface of the connecting ring 5 is sleeved with a flexible rubber belt 9, and the outer peripheral surface of the connecting ring 5 is subjected to sand paper polishing and sand blasting texturing; the contact surface of the inner molded surface of the special-shaped brittle ceramic structural part 4 and the connecting ring 5 is subjected to sand paper polishing and sand blasting texturing treatment. In order to ensure the hardness and the flexibility of the flexible rubber belt 9, the thickness of the flexible rubber belt 9 is set to be 0.2 mm-0.3 mm, and the thickness is used for ensuring the pretightening force between the special-shaped brittle ceramic structural member 4 and the connecting ring 5.
In the above technical solution, the rotating wheel set 3 includes a front rotating wheel set 3-1 and a rear rotating wheel set 3-2, the front rotating wheel set 3-1 includes two vertically arranged rotating wheels, and the rear rotating wheel set 3-2 includes two vertically arranged rotating wheels; the tool main body 2 comprises an annular front supporting wheel 2-1 corresponding to the front rotating wheel set 3-1 and an annular rear supporting wheel 2-2 corresponding to the rear rotating wheel set 3-2, and 8 connecting rods 2-3 are connected between the edge of the front supporting wheel 2-1 and the edge of the rear supporting wheel 2-2; the reference plate 8 is built into the hub of the front support wheel 2-1.
Under the common rotation of the front rotating wheel set 3-1 and the rear rotating wheel set 3-2, the tool main body 2 horizontally rotates, and then the reference plate 8, the connecting ring 5 and the special-shaped brittle ceramic structural member 4 are driven to horizontally rotate together with the tool main body 2.
Specifically, the outer side of the edge of the front supporting wheel 2-1 and the outer side of the edge of the rear supporting wheel 2-2 are respectively provided with an annular front rotating contact surface 2-11 and an annular rear rotating contact surface 2-21 with L-shaped sections. The front rotating contact surface 2-11 and the rear rotating contact surface 2-21 rotate together, so that the positions of the front supporting wheel 2-1 and the rear supporting wheel 2-2 are limited, and the position of the tool main body 2 cannot move back and forth. The front rotational contact surface 2-11 and the rear rotational contact surface 2-21 need to be reworked after the tool body 2 is assembled.
Specifically, a through hole 8-1 corresponding to and communicated with the annular hole of the connecting ring 5 is formed in the reference plate 8, the reference plate 8 is movably connected with the connecting ring 5 through 7 screws 8-2, and 2 positioning pins 8-3 used for fixing the relative positions of the connecting ring 5 and the special-shaped brittle ceramic structural member 4 are further arranged on the diameter of the outer reference surface A.
In order to ensure the detection precision, the gap between the end surface of the port of the special-shaped brittle ceramic structural component 4 and the inner side surface of the reference plate 8 is less than 0.02 mm.
The tool main body 2 is a light alloy part, such as an aluminum alloy, so that the weight of the tool main body 2 is smaller than the weight of the measured special-shaped brittle ceramic structural part 4, and the smaller the mass of the tool main body 2 is, the higher the detection precision is.
In the technical scheme, the mass center is the distance from the special-shaped brittle ceramic structural component 4 to the outer reference plane A.
The method for detecting the mass center and mass deviation of the special-shaped brittle ceramic structural part by adopting the tool comprises the following steps:
step 1), adopting a standard component to calibrate the tool: marks are marked on the outer reference surface A at intervals of 90 degrees and are respectively marked as I, II, III and IV, wherein I is 0 degree, II is 90 degrees, III is 180 degrees and IV is 270 degrees. Assembling a standard part on the tool, horizontally placing the tool on the detection platform 1, slowly rotating the tool, aligning the scale I on the outer reference surface A with the marking line of the detection platform 1, and measuring the data of the mass, the mass center, the eccentric distance and the eccentric angle of the tool; then, the tool is sequentially rotated by 90 degrees clockwise, the scales II, III and IV are sequentially aligned with the marking of the detection platform 1, and the data of the quality, the mass center, the eccentricity and the eccentricity angle of the tool are measured; in the eccentricity data of the four measurements, all the eccentricity data need to be 0, otherwise, the balancing weight 6 is adjusted, and the eccentricity is measured again until the eccentricity is 0; finally, the automatic reading system 7 automatically reads out the mass m of the tool0Center of mass h0Eccentricity w0Eccentric angle theta0。
Specifically, the value automatically read by the automatic reading system 7 is m0＝20kg，h0＝30mm，w0＝0，θ0＝95°。
Step 2), assembling the special-shaped brittle ceramic structural part 4: taking the tool down from the detection platform 1, taking the connecting ring 5 down, wherein the small end is upward, and the large end is placed on a standard platform with more than two levels; vertically sleeving the special-shaped brittle ceramic structural part 4 on the connecting ring 5, and slowly extruding until the end face of the port of the special-shaped brittle ceramic structural part 4 is flush with the standard platform surface; and then horizontally dragging the special-shaped brittle ceramic structural component 4 and the connecting ring 5 into the tool, assembling the positioning pins 8-3, fixing the connecting ring 5 by using the screws 8-2, and assembling the special-shaped brittle ceramic structural component 4 and the connecting ring 5 on the inner side of the reference plate 8.
Step 3), detecting the total mass center and the mass deviation of the special-shaped brittle ceramic structural part 4 +: the tool with the assembled special-shaped brittle ceramic structural part 4 is horizontally placed on the detection platform 1, and the automatic reading system 7 automatically reads out the total mass m of the special-shaped brittle ceramic structural part 4+ of the tool1Total center of mass h1Total eccentricity w1Total eccentric angle theta1。
Specifically, the value automatically read by the automatic reading system 7 is m1＝70kg，h1＝40mm，w1＝5mm，θ1＝95°。
And 4), calculating the mass center and the eccentricity of the detected special-shaped brittle ceramic structural component 4: the mass, the mass center, the eccentricity and the eccentricity angle of the special-shaped brittle ceramic structural component 4 are respectively m2、h2、w2And theta2Then, then
m2＝m1-m0，
In particular, m2＝m1-m0＝70-20＝50kg；
According to the principle of moment balance, in the same direction, m0*h0+m2*h2＝m1*h1The mass center of the structural part to be measured can be obtained as h2＝(m1*h1-m0*h0)/m2(ii) a Due to m0、m1、m2、h0、h1Are all known, h2The value of (c) can be calculated.
In particular, h2＝(m1*h1-m0*h0)/m2＝(70*40-20*30)/50＝44mm，
Because the eccentricity of the tool is w00, the mass of the special-shaped brittle ceramic structural component 4 is inclined to the same direction as the total mass of the special-shaped brittle ceramic structural component + the tool, and m is inclined to the same direction according to the moment balance principle0*w0+m2*w2＝m1*w1Due to the eccentric distance w of the tool00, the eccentricity w of the special-shaped brittle ceramic structural component 4 can be obtained2＝m1*w1/m2I.e. the eccentricity of the profiled ceramic structural part 4 to be measured in the direction of the eccentric angle is w2。m1、m2、w1Are all known, w2The value of (c) can be calculated.
In particular, w2＝m1*w1/m2＝70*5/50＝7mm。
θ2＝θ1＝θ0＝95°
In the step 4), the mass center h of the special-shaped brittle ceramic structural component 4 is2The distance between the centroid and the outer reference plane A is set as d04mm, the mass center of the special-shaped brittle ceramic structural component 4 away from the end face of the port of the special-shaped brittle ceramic structural component 4 is h2-d0＝44-4＝40mm。
The above description is only exemplary of the present invention and should not be taken as limiting the invention, as any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made without departing from the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a heterotypic brittle ceramic structure barycenter, the inclined to one side detection frock of matter, includes testing platform (1), be equipped with on testing platform (1) and rotate wheelset (3), be equipped with frock main part (2) that can the horizontal rotation on rotating wheelset (3), its characterized in that: a reference plate (8) which is vertically arranged and has the same rotation axis as the tool main body (2) is arranged in the tool main body (2), the thickness of the reference plate (8) is uniform, and the outer side surface and the inner side surface of the reference plate are parallel and vertical; the outer side surface of the reference plate (8) is an outer reference surface (A), the inner side surface of the reference plate is movably connected with a connecting ring (5) which is horizontally arranged and has the same rotation axis as the reference plate (8), the periphery of the connecting ring (5) is used for sleeving a special-shaped brittle ceramic structural member (4) which is matched with the connecting ring (5) and can rotate together with the connecting ring (5), and the end surface of the port of the special-shaped brittle ceramic structural member (4) is flush with the inner side surface of the reference plate (8); the periphery of the outer side of the tool main body (2) is also provided with a plurality of balancing weights (6) for adjusting the eccentricity of the detection tool to be 0; an automatic reading system (7) capable of automatically reading the mass, the center of mass, the eccentricity and the eccentricity angle is also included.
2. The special-shaped brittle ceramic structural member centroid and mass deviation detection tool according to claim 1, characterized in that: the outer peripheral surface of the connecting ring (5) is sleeved with a flexible rubber belt (9), and the outer peripheral surface of the connecting ring (5) is subjected to sand paper polishing and sand blasting texturing; the contact surface of the inner cavity of the special-shaped brittle ceramic structural part (4) and the connecting ring (5) is subjected to sanding and sand blasting texturing treatment.
3. The special-shaped brittle ceramic structural member centroid and mass deviation detection tool according to claim 2, characterized in that: the thickness of the flexible rubber belt (9) is 0.2 mm-0.3 mm.
4. The special-shaped brittle ceramic structural member centroid and mass deviation detection tool according to claim 1, characterized in that: the rotating wheel set (3) comprises a front rotating wheel set (3-1) and a rear rotating wheel set (3-2), the front rotating wheel set (3-1) comprises two vertically arranged rotating wheels, and the rear rotating wheel set (3-2) comprises two vertically arranged rotating wheels; the tool main body (2) comprises an annular front supporting wheel (2-1) corresponding to the front rotating wheel set (3-1) and an annular rear supporting wheel (2-2) corresponding to the rear rotating wheel set (3-2), and a plurality of connecting rods (2-3) are connected between the edge of the front supporting wheel (2-1) and the edge of the rear supporting wheel (2-2); the reference plate (8) is arranged in the hub of the front supporting wheel (2-1).
5. The special-shaped brittle ceramic structural member centroid and mass deviation detection tool according to claim 4, characterized in that: the outer side of the edge of the front supporting wheel (2-1) and the outer side of the edge of the rear supporting wheel (2-2) are respectively provided with an annular front rotating contact surface (2-11) and an annular rear rotating contact surface (2-21) with L-shaped sections.
6. The special-shaped brittle ceramic structural member centroid and mass deviation detection tool according to claim 4, characterized in that: the reference plate (8) is provided with a through hole (8-1) corresponding to and communicated with the annular hole of the connecting ring (5), the reference plate (8) is movably connected with the connecting ring (5) through a plurality of screws (8-2), and the diameter of the outer reference surface (A) is also provided with a positioning pin (8-3) used for fixing the relative position of the connecting ring (5) and the special-shaped brittle ceramic structural member (4).
7. The special-shaped brittle ceramic structural member center of mass and mass deviation detection tool according to any one of claims 1-6, characterized in that: and the gap between the end surface of the port of the special-shaped brittle ceramic structural component (4) and the inner side surface of the reference plate (8) is less than 0.02 mm.
8. The special-shaped brittle ceramic structural member centroid and mass deviation detection tool according to claim 7, characterized in that: the tool main body (2) is a light alloy part.
9. The special-shaped brittle ceramic structural member centroid and mass deviation detection tool according to claim 1, characterized in that: the mass center is the distance from the special-shaped brittle ceramic structural part (4) to the outer reference surface (A).
10. The method for detecting the mass center and mass deviation of the special-shaped brittle ceramic structural part by using the tool of claim 1 is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
step 1), adopting a standard component to calibrate the tool: a mark is engraved on the outer reference surface (A) at intervals of a certain angle, and a plurality of marks are engraved on the outer reference surface (A); assembling a standard part on the tool, horizontally placing the tool on a detection platform (1), aligning each mark with a marking line of the detection platform (1) respectively, and measuring the quality of the toolData of mass center, eccentricity and eccentricity angle; in the eccentricity data measured for a plurality of times, all the eccentricity data need to be 0, otherwise, the balancing weight (6) is adjusted, and the eccentricity is measured again until the eccentricity is 0; finally, an automatic reading system (7) automatically reads out the mass m of the tool0Center of mass h0Eccentricity w0Eccentric angle theta0；
Step 2), assembling the special-shaped brittle ceramic structural part (4): taking the tool down from the detection platform (1), taking the connecting ring (5) down, wherein the small end is upward, and the large end is placed on a standard platform with more than two levels; vertically sleeving the special-shaped brittle ceramic structural part (4) on the connecting ring (5), and slowly extruding until the large-end face of the special-shaped brittle ceramic structural part (4) is flush with the standard platform surface; then integrally installing the special-shaped brittle ceramic structural part (4) and the connecting ring (5) on the inner side surface of the reference plate (8);
step 3), detecting the total mass center and the mass deviation of the special-shaped brittle ceramic structural part (4) + the tool: horizontally placing the tool assembled with the special-shaped brittle ceramic structural part (4) on the detection platform (1), and automatically reading out the total mass m of the special-shaped brittle ceramic structural part (4) + the tool by an automatic reading system (7)1Total center of mass h1Total eccentricity w1Total eccentric angle theta1；
And 4), calculating the mass center and the eccentricity of the tested special-shaped brittle ceramic structural component (4): the mass, the mass center, the eccentricity and the eccentricity angle of the special-shaped brittle ceramic structural component (4) are respectively m2、h2、w2And theta2According to the principle of moment balance, in the same direction, m0*h0+m2*h2＝m1*h1Then the centroid of the measured structural member can be found to be h2＝(m1*h1-m0*h0)/m2；
Because the eccentricity of the tool is w0If the mass of the special-shaped brittle ceramic structural component (4) is 0, the mass of the special-shaped brittle ceramic structural component and the total mass of the special-shaped brittle ceramic structural component and the tool are in the same direction, and m is in accordance with the moment balance principle0*w0+m2*w2＝m1*w1Due to the eccentric distance w of the tool00, the eccentricity w of the special-shaped brittle ceramic structural component (4) can be obtained2＝m1*w1/m2That is, the eccentricity of the tested special-shaped ceramic structural component (4) in the direction of the eccentric angle is w2。
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