CN114110440A - Leakage recovery system and method for supercritical carbon dioxide device - Google Patents
Leakage recovery system and method for supercritical carbon dioxide device Download PDFInfo
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- CN114110440A CN114110440A CN202111453968.6A CN202111453968A CN114110440A CN 114110440 A CN114110440 A CN 114110440A CN 202111453968 A CN202111453968 A CN 202111453968A CN 114110440 A CN114110440 A CN 114110440A
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- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 258
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 129
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 129
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 40
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 12
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 230000001502 supplementing effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 16
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002918 waste heat Substances 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17D—PIPE-LINE SYSTEMS; PIPE-LINES
- F17D5/00—Protection or supervision of installations
- F17D5/02—Preventing, monitoring, or locating loss
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C1/00—Pressure vessels, e.g. gas cylinder, gas tank, replaceable cartridge
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C13/00—Details of vessels or of the filling or discharging of vessels
- F17C13/002—Details of vessels or of the filling or discharging of vessels for vessels under pressure
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17D—PIPE-LINE SYSTEMS; PIPE-LINES
- F17D3/00—Arrangements for supervising or controlling working operations
- F17D3/01—Arrangements for supervising or controlling working operations for controlling, signalling, or supervising the conveyance of a product
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17D—PIPE-LINE SYSTEMS; PIPE-LINES
- F17D3/00—Arrangements for supervising or controlling working operations
- F17D3/18—Arrangements for supervising or controlling working operations for measuring the quantity of conveyed product
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2221/00—Handled fluid, in particular type of fluid
- F17C2221/01—Pure fluids
- F17C2221/013—Carbone dioxide
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2223/00—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
- F17C2223/01—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by the phase
- F17C2223/0107—Single phase
- F17C2223/013—Single phase liquid
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Filling Or Discharging Of Gas Storage Vessels (AREA)
- Separation By Low-Temperature Treatments (AREA)
- Physical Or Chemical Processes And Apparatus (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a leakage recovery system and method for a supercritical carbon dioxide device, which comprises a gas supplementing unit and a recovery unit; the air supply unit comprises a storage tank and a heat exchanger; the recovery unit comprises a leak collection point; the storage tank is used for storing a low-temperature low-pressure liquid carbon dioxide working medium, the output end of the storage tank is connected with the input end of the primary side of the heat exchanger through a pipeline I, and the output end of the primary side of the heat exchanger is connected to the supercritical carbon dioxide device through a pipeline II; the leakage collection point is used for collecting the gaseous carbon dioxide working medium leaked by the supercritical carbon dioxide device; the leakage collecting point is connected to the input end of the secondary side of the heat exchanger through a pipeline III, and the output end of the secondary side of the heat exchanger is connected to the input end of the storage tank through a pipeline IV. The invention can realize the recycling of the leaked working medium of the supercritical carbon dioxide device and improve the economy of the supercritical carbon dioxide device.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of supercritical carbon dioxide, in particular to a leakage recovery system and method of a supercritical carbon dioxide device.
Background
The supercritical carbon dioxide Brayton cycle is an innovative power cycle mode formed by taking supercritical carbon dioxide as a working medium, adopting gas Brayton thermodynamic cycle, fully combining the physical properties of the working medium, the thermodynamic principle and the equipment characteristics, has the advantages of high system thermal efficiency, small volume, simple cycle flow, good variable working condition performance and the like, is a leading hotspot of the research in the field of current heat energy power, can be effectively combined with nuclear energy, solar energy, fossil energy, waste heat utilization and the like, and has the technical potential of replacing the steam Rankine cycle used on a large scale at present.
The rotating equipment of the supercritical carbon dioxide device adopts a shaft end sealing mode, and a small amount of working medium is leaked due to the sealing of a bearing; despite the low leakage of the working medium, the system economy is still affected for long-term operation of the device, so that it is desirable to minimize the leakage of the working medium from the device.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is as follows: aiming at the possible leakage problem of the supercritical carbon dioxide device in the operation process, the invention provides the system and the method for recovering the leakage of the supercritical carbon dioxide device with low energy consumption, which can realize the recovery of the leaked working medium by using less energy, are beneficial to improving the economy of the supercritical carbon dioxide device and are suitable for engineering experiment research.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
a leakage recovery system of a supercritical carbon dioxide device comprises a gas supplementing unit and a recovery unit; the air supply unit comprises a storage tank and a heat exchanger; the recovery unit comprises a leak collection point; the storage tank is used for storing a low-temperature low-pressure liquid carbon dioxide working medium, the output end of the storage tank is connected with the input end of the primary side of the heat exchanger through a pipeline I, and the output end of the primary side of the heat exchanger is connected to the supercritical carbon dioxide device through a pipeline II; the leakage collection point is used for collecting the gaseous carbon dioxide working medium leaked by the supercritical carbon dioxide device; the leakage collecting point is connected to the input end of the secondary side of the heat exchanger through a pipeline III, and the output end of the secondary side of the heat exchanger is connected to the input end of the storage tank through a pipeline IV.
According to the invention, the carbon dioxide working medium is supplemented and injected into the supercritical carbon dioxide device through the gas supplementing unit, so that the stability of the carbon dioxide loading in the device is maintained; recycling the carbon dioxide working medium leaked from the supercritical carbon dioxide device through a recycling unit; the heat exchange between the injected carbon dioxide working medium and the leaked carbon dioxide working medium is realized through the heat exchanger, so that the leaked carbon dioxide working medium is cooled, and the temperature is reduced for storage; the working medium injected with carbon dioxide is preheated, and the preheated working medium is used for injecting the supercritical carbon dioxide into the device after the temperature is raised. Thereby realizing the cooling of the leaked carbon dioxide working medium and the preheating of the injected carbon dioxide working medium. Compared with the conventional gas injection system, an evaporator and a preheater of a carbon dioxide working medium are omitted; compared with the conventional leakage recovery method, the recovery pressure difference is only 2MPa, and the recovery pressure difference and the power consumption are small.
Preferably, the air supplementing unit further comprises a booster pump I, and the recovery unit further comprises a booster pump II; the booster pump I is arranged on the pipeline I and is positioned between the storage tank and the heat exchanger; the booster pump II is disposed on the line III. The booster pump I can adopt a liquid booster pump, and the booster pump II can adopt a gas booster pump.
Further preferably, the recovery unit further comprises a surge tank disposed on the pipeline III and located between the leakage collection point and the booster pump II.
Through set up surge tank (like gas storage tank) between carbon dioxide leaks collection point and booster pump II, play the effect of stabilizing leak point pressure and pressure before the pump.
Further preferably, the gas supplementing system further comprises a flow meter, and the flow meter is arranged on the pipeline II. A flow meter (e.g., a mass flow meter) is provided for regulating the flow rate of the carbon dioxide working fluid injected into the supercritical carbon dioxide plant.
Further preferably, the air supply system further comprises an inlet valve, and the inlet valve is arranged on the pipeline II.
Further preferably, the heat exchanger is a plate heat exchanger.
Further preferably, the leakage collection points include a compressor leakage collection point and a turbine leakage collection point.
Preferably, the device further comprises a closed shell I and a sealed shell II, wherein the closed shell I and the sealed shell II are respectively arranged on the air compressor system and the turbine system, and an inner chamber of the closed shell is used for collecting carbon dioxide working media leaked from the shaft seal. Namely, a closed shell is arranged on a compressor system and a turbine system, and carbon dioxide working medium leaked from a shaft seal enters the closed shell; the pressure in the shell is slightly higher than the environmental pressure, so that leaked carbon dioxide working media can be collected and recovered conveniently.
A leakage recovery method of a supercritical carbon dioxide device is characterized in that a carbon dioxide working medium is additionally injected into the supercritical carbon dioxide device through an air supplementing unit, so that the stability of the carbon dioxide loading in the device is maintained; recycling the carbon dioxide working medium leaked from the supercritical carbon dioxide device through a recycling unit; the heat exchange between the injected carbon dioxide working medium and the leaked carbon dioxide working medium is realized through the heat exchanger, so that the leaked carbon dioxide working medium is cooled, and the temperature is reduced for storage; the working medium injected with carbon dioxide is preheated, and the preheated working medium is used for injecting the supercritical carbon dioxide into the device after the temperature is raised.
Preferably, the air supplementing unit comprises a storage tank for storing a low-temperature low-pressure liquid carbon dioxide working medium as an injected carbon dioxide working medium; injecting carbon dioxide working medium, pressurizing by a booster pump, and then entering a heat exchanger for heat exchange; and the leaked carbon dioxide working medium enters a heat exchanger for heat exchange after being pressurized by a booster pump, and enters a storage tank for recovery after heat exchange.
The invention has the following advantages and beneficial effects:
the invention can realize the recycling of the leaked working medium of the supercritical carbon dioxide device and improve the economy of the supercritical carbon dioxide device.
The invention realizes the cooling of the leaked carbon dioxide working medium and the preheating of the injected carbon dioxide working medium by arranging the heat exchanger. Compared with the conventional gas injection system, an evaporator and a preheater of a carbon dioxide working medium are omitted; compared with the conventional leakage recovery method, the recovery pressure difference is only 2MPa, and the recovery pressure difference and the power consumption are small.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the embodiments of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, illustrate embodiment(s) of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the principles of the invention. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the low energy consumption leakage recovery system of the supercritical carbon dioxide device of the present invention.
Reference numbers and corresponding part names in the drawings:
1-storage tank, 2-booster pump I, 3-heat exchanger, 4-flowmeter, 5-inlet valve, 6-compressor leakage collection point, 7-turbine leakage collection point, 8-surge tank, 9-booster pump II, 10-compressor, 11-turbine, 12-regenerator and 13-heat source group.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to examples and accompanying drawings, and the exemplary embodiments and descriptions thereof are only used for explaining the present invention and are not meant to limit the present invention.
Example 1
The embodiment provides a low-energy leakage recovery system of a supercritical carbon dioxide device, as shown in fig. 1, specifically as follows:
the system mainly comprises an air supplementing unit and a recovery unit. The air supply unit comprises a storage tank 1, a heat exchanger 3, a booster pump I2, a flow meter 4 and an inlet valve 5; the recovery unit comprises a compressor leakage collection point 6, a turbine leakage collection point 7, a surge tank 8 and a booster pump II9.
The storage tank is used for storing low-temperature (-20 ℃) and low-pressure (-2 MPa) liquid carbon dioxide working medium, the output end of the storage tank is connected with the input end of the primary side of the heat exchanger through a pipeline I, and the output end of the primary side of the heat exchanger is connected to the supercritical carbon dioxide device through a pipeline II. The booster pump I2 is arranged on the pipeline I and is positioned between the storage tank and the heat exchanger; the booster pump I2 employs a liquid booster pump for boosting the low pressure liquid carbon dioxide to supercritical pressure (greater than 7.5 MPa). Along the working medium flow direction, a flow meter 4 and an inlet valve 5 are arranged on the pipeline II in sequence. The heat exchanger 3 is a plate heat exchanger.
The leakage collection point is used for collecting the gaseous carbon dioxide working medium leaked by the supercritical carbon dioxide device; the leakage collecting point is connected to the input end of the secondary side of the heat exchanger 3 through a pipeline III, and the output end of the secondary side of the heat exchanger 3 is connected to the input end of the storage tank 1 through a pipeline IV. Surge tank 8 and booster pump II9 are provided on line III, and surge tank 8 is located upstream of booster pump II 9; the pressure stabilizing tank 8 plays a role in stabilizing the back pressure of the leakage collection point; and the booster pump II adopts a gas booster pump.
The leakage collection point is further provided with a closed shell I and a sealed shell II, the closed shell I and the sealed shell II are respectively arranged on the gas compressor system and the turbine system, and an inner chamber of the closed shell is used for collecting carbon dioxide working media leaked from the shaft seal.
The working principle of the low-energy-consumption leakage recovery system of the supercritical carbon dioxide device provided by the embodiment is as follows:
the carbon dioxide storage tank 1 stores low-pressure (-2 MPa) and low-temperature (-20 ℃) liquid carbon dioxide working media, and the booster pump I2 boosts the low-pressure liquid carbon dioxide to supercritical pressure (more than 7.5 MPa); the heat exchanger 3 uses low-temperature liquid carbon dioxide to cool the leaked carbon dioxide working medium, so that the temperature of the carbon dioxide working medium is close to the storage temperature of the carbon dioxide working medium in the storage tank 1; meanwhile, after absorbing heat, the low-temperature liquid carbon dioxide approaches the ambient temperature and is injected into the inlet of a cooler in the supercritical carbon dioxide device through the flowmeter 4, the inlet valve 5 and the like. The carbon dioxide working media collected from the gas compressor leakage collection point 6 and the turbine leakage collection point 7 have lower pressure (less than 1MPa) and the temperature close to the ambient temperature. The two are converged and then enter a low-pressure stabilizing tank 8, and the pressure stabilizing tank 8 plays a role in stabilizing the back pressure of the leakage collection point. Then the leaked carbon dioxide working medium enters a booster pump II9, and the pressure is increased to 2 MPa; the boosted gas carbon dioxide working medium passes through the heat exchanger 3, transfers the heat of the gas carbon dioxide working medium to the carbon dioxide working medium on the other side through the heat exchanger 3, and is cooled. The cooled carbon dioxide working medium finally returns to the carbon dioxide storage tank 1 to form a closed cycle.
Example 2
The embodiment provides a low-energy-consumption leakage recovery method for a supercritical carbon dioxide device, which comprises the following specific steps:
a carbon dioxide working medium is additionally injected into the supercritical carbon dioxide device through the gas supplementing unit, so that the stability of the carbon dioxide loading in the device is maintained;
recycling the carbon dioxide working medium leaked from the supercritical carbon dioxide device through a recycling unit;
the heat exchange between the injected carbon dioxide working medium and the leaked carbon dioxide working medium is realized through the heat exchanger, so that the leaked carbon dioxide working medium is cooled, and the temperature is reduced for storage; the working medium injected with carbon dioxide is preheated, and the preheated working medium is used for injecting the supercritical carbon dioxide into the device after the temperature is raised.
In addition, as a preferred scheme, the air supplementing unit comprises a storage tank, a gas inlet and a gas outlet, wherein the storage tank is used for storing a low-temperature low-pressure liquid carbon dioxide working medium as an injected carbon dioxide working medium; injecting carbon dioxide working medium, pressurizing by a booster pump, and then entering a heat exchanger for heat exchange; and the leaked carbon dioxide working medium enters a heat exchanger for heat exchange after being pressurized by a booster pump, and enters a storage tank for recovery after heat exchange.
The above-mentioned embodiments are intended to illustrate the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention in further detail, and it should be understood that the above-mentioned embodiments are merely exemplary embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements and the like made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A leakage recovery system of a supercritical carbon dioxide device is characterized by comprising a gas supplementing unit and a recovery unit; the air supply unit comprises a storage tank and a heat exchanger; the recovery unit comprises a leak collection point;
the storage tank is used for storing a low-temperature low-pressure liquid carbon dioxide working medium, the output end of the storage tank is connected with the input end of the primary side of the heat exchanger through a pipeline I, and the output end of the primary side of the heat exchanger is connected to the supercritical carbon dioxide device through a pipeline II;
the leakage collection point is used for collecting the gaseous carbon dioxide working medium leaked by the supercritical carbon dioxide device; the leakage collecting point is connected to the input end of the secondary side of the heat exchanger through a pipeline III, and the output end of the secondary side of the heat exchanger is connected to the input end of the storage tank through a pipeline IV.
2. The supercritical carbon dioxide plant leak recovery system of claim 1 wherein the gas make-up unit further comprises a booster pump I, the recovery unit further comprises a booster pump II; the booster pump I is arranged on the pipeline I and is positioned between the storage tank and the heat exchanger; the booster pump II is disposed on the line III.
3. The supercritical carbon dioxide plant leak recovery system of claim 2 wherein the recovery unit further comprises a surge tank disposed on line III between the leak collection point and the booster pump II.
4. The supercritical carbon dioxide plant leak recovery system of claim 1 wherein the make-up air system further comprises a flow meter, the flow meter disposed on line II.
5. The supercritical carbon dioxide plant leak recovery system of claim 1 wherein the make-up air system further comprises an inlet valve, the inlet valve disposed on line II.
6. The supercritical carbon dioxide plant leak recovery system of claim 1 wherein the heat exchanger is a plate heat exchanger.
7. The supercritical carbon dioxide plant leak recovery system of claim 1 wherein the leak collection points comprise a compressor leak collection point and a turbine leak collection point.
8. The leakage recovery system of the supercritical carbon dioxide device according to claim 7, further comprising a closed shell I and a sealed shell II, wherein the closed shell I and the sealed shell II are respectively arranged on the compressor system and the turbine system, and the inner chamber of the closed shell is used for collecting the carbon dioxide working medium leaked from the shaft seal.
9. A method for recovering leakage of supercritical carbon dioxide device is characterized in that,
a carbon dioxide working medium is additionally injected into the supercritical carbon dioxide device through the gas supplementing unit, so that the stability of the carbon dioxide loading in the device is maintained;
recycling the carbon dioxide working medium leaked from the supercritical carbon dioxide device through a recycling unit;
the heat exchange between the injected carbon dioxide working medium and the leaked carbon dioxide working medium is realized through the heat exchanger, so that the leaked carbon dioxide working medium is cooled, and the temperature is reduced for storage; the working medium injected with carbon dioxide is preheated, and the preheated working medium is used for injecting the supercritical carbon dioxide into the device after the temperature is raised.
10. The method of claim 9, wherein the gas supply unit comprises a storage tank for storing low-temperature and low-pressure liquid carbon dioxide working medium as the injected carbon dioxide working medium; injecting carbon dioxide working medium, pressurizing by a booster pump, and then entering a heat exchanger for heat exchange; and the leaked carbon dioxide working medium enters a heat exchanger for heat exchange after being pressurized by a booster pump, and enters a storage tank for recovery after heat exchange.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111453968.6A CN114110440A (en) | 2021-12-01 | 2021-12-01 | Leakage recovery system and method for supercritical carbon dioxide device |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202111453968.6A CN114110440A (en) | 2021-12-01 | 2021-12-01 | Leakage recovery system and method for supercritical carbon dioxide device |
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2021
- 2021-12-01 CN CN202111453968.6A patent/CN114110440A/en active Pending
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