CN114110099A

CN114110099A - Planetary reducer

Info

Publication number: CN114110099A
Application number: CN202111444467.1A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 张立平; 萧擎宇
Original assignee: SAMWHA ENGINEERING CO LTD
Current assignee: SAMWHA ENGINEERING CO LTD
Priority date: 2021-11-30
Filing date: 2021-11-30
Publication date: 2022-03-01

Abstract

The invention relates to a planetary reducer, which is mainly characterized in that a first planet gear and a second planet gear are pivoted at intervals through a cylinder, a sun gear rod is inserted in the cylinder and is respectively meshed with the first planet gear and the second planet gear, a first outer ring gear is sleeved outside the first planet gear, and a second outer ring gear is sleeved outside the second planet gear, so that the first planet gear, the sun gear rod and the first outer ring gear together define a first speed reducing mechanism; the cylinder, the second planet gears, and the second outer ring gear together define a second reduction mechanism, wherein the cylinder serves as an output of the first reduction mechanism and also serves as an input of the second reduction mechanism; the sun gear rod, the second planet gears and the second outer ring gear define a third speed reducing mechanism together, so that the rotating speed input by the sun gear rod can obtain a larger speed reducing ratio after passing through the first speed reducing mechanism, the second speed reducing mechanism and the third speed reducing mechanism, and meanwhile, the sun gear rod, the second planet gears and the second outer ring gear have the advantage of small overall size.

Description

Planetary reducer

The technical field is as follows: the invention relates to a speed reducer, in particular to a planetary speed reducer.

Background art:

the planetary gear is one of gear structures, mainly comprises at least one planetary gear which rotates around a central sun tooth, and the rotation process is like the revolution of the planetary gear around the sun, so the planetary gear is named as the planetary gear. In addition, an outer ring gear is sleeved outside the planet gear for fitting the moving track of the planet gear.

Please refer to taiwan patent document No.: m571919, "planetary reducer", the patent discloses: the input shaft comprises a bearing mounting groove, the input bearing is sleeved on the input shaft and is contained in the bearing mounting groove, the input bearing can simultaneously abut against the output shaft and the input shaft, the concentricity of the output shaft and the input shaft of the planetary reducer can be improved, field assembly personnel do not need to spend a large amount of time for correction before installation, and assembly time and efficiency can be saved.

However, the patent is deficient in the "reduction ratio", and when the patent intends to output a large reduction ratio, the overall volume is greatly increased and is difficult to use only by changing the gear ratio between the gears at the back. Therefore, the present inventors considered that such a problem is necessary to be actually improved.

The invention content is as follows:

in view of the deficiencies described in the background, the authors of the present invention provide a solution to the problems relating to: a planetary reducer, comprising:

a sun gear:

the sun rack comprises a rack body and a rack, wherein the rack is annularly arranged at one end of the rack body.

A set of planet teeth:

the planetary gear set comprises a cylinder, a first planetary gear and a second planetary gear, the first planetary gear and the second planetary gear are arranged in the cylinder, partial convex teeth are respectively exposed relative to the outer ring side of the cylinder, and the number of teeth of the first planetary gear is different from that of the second planetary gear; one end of the sun gear rod is arranged in the column body, and the gear rows are meshed with the first planet gears and the second planet gears respectively.

A first outer ring gear:

the first outer ring gear is sleeved outside the first planet gear and comprises a first ring body and a first ring gear row, and the first ring gear row is arranged along the inner side of the first ring body and meshed with the first planet gear.

A second outer ring gear:

the second outer ring gear is sleeved outside the second planet gear and comprises a second ring body and a second ring gear row, and the second ring gear row is arranged along the inner side of the second ring body and meshed with the second planet gear.

The planetary reducer, wherein, the number of teeth of first planet gear is greater than the number of teeth of second planet gear.

The planetary reducer is characterized in that a vibration sensor is arranged on the outer side of the first outer ring gear, the far end information of the vibration sensor is connected with a central control unit, and when the central control unit judges that the detection result of the vibration sensor exceeds a first preset value, the central control unit controls an alarm to actuate.

The planetary reducer is characterized in that a noise sensor is arranged on the outer side of the first outer ring gear, the far end information of the noise sensor is connected with the central control unit, and when the central control unit judges that the detection result of the noise sensor exceeds a second preset value, the central control unit controls the alarm to actuate.

The planetary reducer is characterized in that a temperature sensor is arranged on the outer side of the first outer ring gear, the far-end information of the temperature sensor is connected with the central control unit, and the central control unit can analyze the detection result of the temperature sensor to obtain recommended lubricating oil data and transmit the recommended lubricating oil data to an output unit.

The planetary reducer is further provided with a rotating speed sensor, and the rotating speed sensor is used for detecting the rotating speeds of the sun gear rod and the second outer ring gear; the remote information of the central control unit is connected with the rotating speed sensor so as to analyze residual service life data according to the detection result of the rotating speed sensor and transmit the residual service life data to the output unit.

The planetary reducer is characterized in that the cylinder is transparent; and a first color layer is respectively arranged on the outer sides of the first planet gears, the second planet gears, the tooth rows, the first ring tooth row and the second ring tooth row.

The planetary reducer, wherein, more superpose respectively and establish a second colour layer in each first colour layer outside, just the colour on first colour layer is different from the colour on second colour layer.

The planetary reducer, wherein a positioning data is arranged inside the vibration sensor, the noise sensor, the temperature sensor and the rotating speed sensor, and the vibration sensor, the noise sensor, the temperature sensor and the rotating speed sensor can transmit a detection result and the positioning data to the central control unit at a far end.

The planetary reducer is characterized in that a positioning unit is arranged on the outer side of the first outer ring gear, the positioning unit can be used for detecting the position of the planetary reducer to obtain positioning data, and the positioning data are respectively transmitted to the vibration sensor, the noise sensor, the temperature sensor and the rotating speed sensor.

The invention is characterized in that: a first planetary reduction gear mechanism is defined by the sun gear rod, the cylinder, the first planet gears and the first outer ring gear, a second reduction gear mechanism is defined by the sun gear rod, the cylinder, the second planet gears and the second outer ring gear, wherein the cylinder is used as the output end of the first reduction gear mechanism and is also used as the input end of the second reduction gear mechanism, the second outer ring gear is used as the output end of the speed reducer, and the sun gear rod, the second planet gears and the second outer ring gear together form a third reduction gear mechanism, so that the rotating speed input by the sun gear rod can greatly increase the integral reduction ratio after the rotating speed input by the sun gear rod is mutually matched with the first reduction gear mechanism, the second reduction gear mechanism and the third reduction gear mechanism, and simultaneously, the rotating speed input end and the output end are respectively defined by the cylinder, the whole volume of the creation can be greatly reduced. Accordingly, compared with the prior art, the present invention has the advantages of smaller size and larger deceleration ratio, so as to solve the disadvantages of the conventional techniques.

Description of the drawings:

FIG. 1 is an external view and a partial sectional view of the present invention

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the elements of the present invention

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of component information connection according to the present invention

Reference numerals:

1 Sun gear rack

11 rod body

12 teeth row

2 planetary gear set

21 column

22 first planetary gear

23 second planetary gear

3 first external ring gear

31 first ring body

32 first ring gear row

4 second outer ring gear

41 second ring body

42 second ring gear row

5A vibration sensor

5B noise sensor

5C rotating speed sensor

5D temperature sensor

6 central control unit

7 alarm

8 positioning unit

9 output unit

The specific implementation mode is as follows:

the structure, features and embodiments of the present invention will be described below with the aid of the accompanying drawings.

Referring to fig. 1, the present invention relates to a planetary reducer, comprising:

a sun pinion 1:

referring to fig. 1 and 2, the sun gear rod 1 includes a rod body 11 and a gear row 12, the gear row 12 is annularly disposed at one end of the rod body 11, and the other end of the rod body 11 is used for connecting with an output shaft of a motor.

A planetary gear set 2:

referring to fig. 1 and 2, the planetary gear set 2 includes a cylinder 21, a first planet gear 22, and a second planet gear 23, the first planet gear 22 and the second planet gear 23 are disposed in the cylinder 21, and local convex teeth are respectively exposed relative to the outer ring side of the cylinder 21, the number of teeth of the first planet gear 22 is different from that of the second planet gear 23, taking the drawing of this creation as an example, the number of teeth of the second planet gear 23 is preferably greater than that of the first planet gear 22, so that the motor can obtain a larger speed reduction effect for the rotation speed input by the sun gear rod 1 and output the rotation speed; in addition, the number of the first planet gears 22 and the second planet gears 23 is preferably three in implementation. One end of the sun gear rod 1 is disposed in the column 21, and the gear row 12 is meshed with the first planet gears 22 and the second planet gears 23, respectively.

In addition, a first color layer is preferably disposed outside the first planet gears 22 and the second planet gears 23, so that a user can determine the wear degree of each

planet gear

22, 23 according to the thickness of the first color layer, and for the user to observe, the cylinder 21 is preferably made of a transparent material. Moreover, the color layer may be not only one layer, but also a second color layer may be further stacked on the outer side of the first color layer, and the color of the first color layer is different from that of the second color layer, so as to be used as a different degree judgment, for example, the second color layer is a green layer to indicate a safety range, the first color layer is an alert range, and once the first color layer is seen to be exposed, whether to replace the planetary reducer or replace the

planetary gears

22 and 23 is considered, so as to ensure the safety and the smoothness in the mechanical actuation process.

A first outer ring gear 3:

referring to fig. 1 and 2, the first outer ring gear 3 is sleeved outside the first planet gears 22, the first outer ring gear 3 includes a first ring member 31 and a first ring gear row 32, and the first ring gear row 32 is disposed along the inner side of the first ring member 31 and meshed with the first planet gears 22. As with the foregoing embodiments of the color layer, the first ring gear row 32 can be coated with the color layer at the teeth, and its features and advantages are as described above and will not be described herein again. In the present invention, the sun gear rod 1, the column 21, the first planet gears 22, and the first outer ring gear 3 together define a first planetary reduction mechanism, in which the sun gear rod 1 is mainly used as an input of the rotation speed, and the column 21 is used as an output of the rotation speed.

A second outer ring gear 4:

referring to fig. 1, the second outer ring gear 4 is sleeved outside the second planet gears 23, the second outer ring gear 4 includes a second ring body 41 and a second ring gear row 42, and the second ring gear row 42 is disposed along the inner side of the second ring body 41 and meshed with the second planet gears 23. In the same manner as the foregoing embodiment of the color layer, the second ring gear row 42 can be coated with the color layer at the teeth, and its features and advantages are as described above and will not be described again. In the present invention, the cylinder 21, the second planet gears 23, and the second outer ring gear 4 together define a second planetary reduction mechanism, in which the cylinder 21 is mainly used as the input of the rotation speed, and the second outer ring gear 4 is used as the output of the rotation speed.

When the device is used, the sun gear rod 1 is preferably connected with the output end of the motor, the second outer ring gear 4 is preferably connected with a driven piece, and the first outer ring gear 3 is fixedly arranged. Therefore, when the motor rotates, the sun gear rod 1 is driven to rotate, and after the sun gear rod 1 rotates, the first planet gears 22 are driven to rotate, and since the first outer ring gear 3 is fixed, the first planet gears 22 rotate along the first ring gear row 32, it is noted that, because the first planet gears 22 are pivoted to the column 21, when the first planet gears 22 rotate along the first ring gear row 32 to form a revolution, the column 21 starts to rotate to form a rotation. Here, the sun gear 1, the column 21, the first planetary gears 22, and the first outer ring gear 3 are collectively defined as the first planetary reduction mechanism in which the sun gear 1 is mainly used as an input of the rotational speed and the column 21 is used as an output of the rotational speed.

Then, the cylinder 21 rotates to drive the second planet gears 23 to move along the second ring gear row 42, so as to drive the second outer ring gear 4 to rotate, so that the second outer ring gear 4 becomes an output of a rotation speed to drive the driven member to rotate. The cylinder 21, the second planetary gears 23, and the second outer ring gear 4 are collectively defined herein as the second planetary reduction mechanism, in which the cylinder 21 is mainly used as an input of the rotational speed, and the second outer ring gear 4 is used as an output of the rotational speed. It should be noted that, since the second planet gears 23 are engaged with the sun gear 1, when the sun gear 1 rotates, the first planet gears 22 are driven to rotate and the second planet gears 23 are driven to rotate, so that the elements driving the second planet gears 23 to rotate share the sun gear 1 and the column 21. Also, therefore, the sun gear 1, the second planetary gears 23, and the second outer ring gear 4 may collectively define a third planetary reduction mechanism. Therefore, the second outer ring gear 4 of the present invention is driven by the second planetary reducer and the third planetary reducer together to form complementary effects to improve the overall speed reduction effect.

The cylinder 21, the first planet gear 22, the second planet gear 23 and the sun gear rod 1 are skillfully combined, so that the cylinder 21 is not only used as the output of the rotating speed, but also used as the input of the rotating speed, the integral volume is greatly reduced, the rotating speed input to the planetary reducer is matched with the second planetary reducer and the third planetary reducer, and finally, a larger reduction ratio output is formed. Therefore, the device has the advantages of small volume and large reduction ratio, so as to solve the defects of the prior art. It should be noted that although the above description has been given by taking the example where the sun gear 1 is connected to the motor and the second outer ring gear 4 is connected to the driven member, the actual use is not limited to such a connection manner, and may be adjusted and changed according to the user's needs, for example, the second outer ring gear 4 is connected to the motor and the sun gear 1 is connected to the driven member.

Then, as for the mechanical structure, the planetary reducer belongs to a consumable material, the gear lever, the planetary gear and the outer ring gear are easily damaged due to rotation and friction, and in order to avoid the condition of the planetary reducer and cause the whole mechanical structure to stop swinging, the present creation further provides several ways of monitoring the condition of the planetary reducer, firstly, according to vibration, before the condition of damage occurs between the gears, there is a high probability that irregular vibration will begin to occur, so that it can be used as one of the judgment bases for judging whether maintenance, maintenance and replacement need to be performed in advance, so please refer to fig. 3, the present creation preferably installs a vibration sensor 5A on the outer side of the first outer ring gear 3, and the vibration sensor 5A will transmit the far end of the detection result to a central control unit 6 for interpretation. Therefore, after the planetary reducer starts to be used, the vibration sensor 5A continuously detects, when the detection result exceeds a first preset value, the central control unit 6 can determine that maintenance, repair or replacement is needed according to the exceeding proportion or setting different values as the first preset value, and at this time, the central control unit 6 controls an alarm 7 to operate, and the alarm 7 can be a flashing lamp or a display screen, so that a user can know that the planetary reducer needs to be repaired, repaired or replaced.

In addition, because the mechanical structure may not only use one planetary reducer, but also have several mechanical structures in a factory, each of which is internally provided with one planetary reducer, in order to facilitate a user to know which planetary reducer needs to be maintained, repaired or replaced, a positioning data is preferably provided inside the vibration sensor 5A, so that the positioning data can be transmitted simultaneously when the vibration sensor 5A transmits a detection result. Therefore, the central control unit 6 can present the positioning data through the alarm 7 at the same time, so that the user can determine the position of the planetary reducer. It should be noted that the positioning data is not limited to coordinate data, but may be a machine number, a name, a map, etc., and all of them are the positioning data referred to in this specification for identifying the position of the machine. If the positioning data is presented in a coordinate manner, the planetary reducer may also be provided with a positioning unit 8 outside the first outer ring gear 3, and the positioning unit 8 transmits the positioning result to the vibration sensor 5A as the positioning data.

In addition, the vibration degree can be used for judging whether the planetary reducer needs to be maintained or repaired or replaced, and the noise can also be used as one of auxiliary judgments. Therefore, a noise sensor 5B is preferably disposed outside the first outer ring gear 3, the far end of the noise sensor 5B is connected to the central control unit 6, and when the central control unit 6 determines that the detection result of the noise sensor 5B exceeds a second preset value, the central control unit 6 controls the operation of the alarm 7. As mentioned above, in order to identify the position of the planetary reducer, the positioning data is preferably also provided in the noise sensor 5B, and the source of the positioning data may also be through the positioning unit 8. In addition, in order to reduce the error in judgment, the central control unit 6 preferably judges that the planetary reducer needs to be maintained or repaired or replaced when the noise detection result and the vibration detection result exceed preset values at the same time, so as to improve the overall judgment accuracy. And the noise detection result and the vibration detection result can be stored and can be maintained and repaired by maintenance personnel or artificially and intelligently learned by replacing the results, so that the first preset value and the second preset value are continuously improved, and the judgment of the invention is more accurate.

A rotation speed sensor 5C can be further disposed outside the first outer ring gear 3, and the rotation speed sensor 5C is used for detecting the rotation speeds of the sun gear rod 1 and the second outer ring gear 4; the remote information of the central control unit 6 is connected to the rotation speed sensor 5C, so as to analyze a residual service life data according to the detection result of the rotation speed sensor 5C, and transmit the residual service life data to an output unit 9, which is the output unit 9 referred by the present specification, for example, the output unit 9 may be a display screen, a printer, etc. One of the ways of analyzing the residual service life is to determine the duration of high-speed operation, for example, when the planetary reducer always operates at the maximum input rotation speed or at a speed close to the maximum input rotation speed, the service life is greatly shortened, so the central control unit 6 can analyze the residual service life by using the characteristic; or the preset service life of the planetary reducer is as follows: the data is continuously used for a period of time in a state of an input rotating speed value, and therefore the result of multiplying the input rotating speed value by the period of time can be used as a residual service life judgment reference for judging the planetary reducer, so the central control unit 6 can estimate the residual service life data according to the reference.

Since the ambient temperature affects the deterioration rate of the lubricant, and the lubrication effect of the lubricant is important for the planetary reducer, a temperature sensor 5D is preferably disposed outside the first outer ring gear 3, the far end information of the temperature sensor 5D is connected to the central control unit 6, and the central control unit 6 can perform analysis according to the detection result of the temperature sensor 5D, for example, the basis of the analysis is that the planetary reducer operates in which temperature range value for a long time, so that the matched lubricant can be found according to the temperature range value to obtain a lubricant recommendation data, and the lubricant recommendation data is transmitted to the output unit 9. In addition, the central control unit 6 can also estimate the deterioration speed of the lubricating oil according to the temperature range value and the duration time, and further estimate a lubricating oil replacement time.

In summary, the present application is consistent with the principles defined by the patent laws, and the following description is only illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and the scope of the present application is defined by the claims.

Claims

1. A planetary reducer, comprising:

a sun gear: the gear rack comprises a rod body and a gear row, wherein the gear row is annularly arranged at one end of the rod body;

a set of planet teeth: the gear comprises a cylinder, a first planet gear and a second planet gear, wherein the first planet gear and the second planet gear are arranged in the cylinder, local convex teeth are respectively exposed relative to the outer ring side of the cylinder, and the number of teeth of the first planet gear is different from that of the second planet gear; one end of the sun gear rod is arranged in the column body, and the gear rows are respectively meshed with the first planet gears and the second planet gears;

a first outer ring gear: the first outer ring gear comprises a first ring body and a first ring gear row, and the first ring gear row is arranged along the inner side of the first ring body and meshed with the first planet gears;

a second outer ring gear: the second outer ring gear comprises a second ring body and a second ring gear row, and the second ring gear row is arranged along the inner side of the second ring body and meshed with the second planet gears.

2. The planetary reducer of claim 1, wherein the first planet gears have a greater number of teeth than the second planet gears.

3. The planetary reducer according to claim 2, wherein a vibration sensor is disposed outside the first outer ring gear, a far end of the vibration sensor is connected to a central control unit, and the central control unit controls an operation of an alarm when the central control unit determines that a detection result of the vibration sensor exceeds a first preset value.

4. The planetary reducer according to claim 3, wherein a noise sensor is disposed outside the first outer ring gear, the far end information of the noise sensor is connected to the central control unit, and the central control unit controls the operation of the alarm when the central control unit determines that the detection result of the noise sensor exceeds a second preset value.

5. The planetary reducer according to claim 4, wherein a temperature sensor is disposed outside the first outer ring gear, the remote information of the temperature sensor is connected to the central control unit, and the central control unit is configured to analyze the detection result of the temperature sensor to obtain recommended lubricating oil data and transmit the recommended lubricating oil data to an output unit.

6. The planetary reducer according to claim 5, further comprising a rotation speed sensor for detecting rotation speeds of the sun gear and the second outer ring gear; the remote information of the central control unit is connected with the rotating speed sensor so as to analyze residual service life data according to the detection result of the rotating speed sensor and transmit the residual service life data to the output unit.

7. The planetary reducer according to claim 6, wherein the cylinder is transparent; and a first color layer is respectively arranged on the outer sides of the first planet gears, the second planet gears, the tooth rows, the first ring tooth row and the second ring tooth row.

8. The planetary reducer according to claim 7, wherein a second color layer is further stacked on the outer side of each first color layer, and the color of the first color layer is different from the color of the second color layer.

9. The planetary reducer according to claim 8, wherein a positioning data is provided inside the vibration sensor, the noise sensor, the temperature sensor, and the rotation speed sensor, and the vibration sensor, the noise sensor, the temperature sensor, and the rotation speed sensor transmit the detection result together with the positioning data to the central control unit.

10. The planetary reducer according to claim 9, wherein a positioning unit is disposed outside the first outer ring gear, and the positioning unit is configured to detect a position of the planetary reducer to obtain the positioning data, and transmit the positioning data to the vibration sensor, the noise sensor, the temperature sensor, and the rotation speed sensor, respectively.