CN114109494A - Implementation method of two-single-extra-long tunnel partitioned drainage system in expansive rock area - Google Patents
Implementation method of two-single-extra-long tunnel partitioned drainage system in expansive rock area Download PDFInfo
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- CN114109494A CN114109494A CN202111430696.8A CN202111430696A CN114109494A CN 114109494 A CN114109494 A CN 114109494A CN 202111430696 A CN202111430696 A CN 202111430696A CN 114109494 A CN114109494 A CN 114109494A
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- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 42
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 16
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 174
- 238000009412 basement excavation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000004567 concrete Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004745 nonwoven fabric Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000011378 shotcrete Substances 0.000 description 3
- 241000282326 Felis catus Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21F—SAFETY DEVICES, TRANSPORT, FILLING-UP, RESCUE, VENTILATION, OR DRAINING IN OR OF MINES OR TUNNELS
- E21F16/00—Drainage
- E21F16/02—Drainage of tunnels
Abstract
The invention discloses a method for realizing a partitioned drainage system of two single extra-long tunnels in an expansive rock area, which solves the problem that surrounding rock disturbance expansion caused by water soaking at the bottom of an expansive rock damages a tunnel lining structure in the prior art. The method comprises the steps of utilizing an upstream transverse channel of an expansion rock stratum, arranging a water collecting well in the transverse channel, backfilling a permeable pebble layer through a downward excavation main tunnel foundation, and intercepting and introducing upstream catchment of a main tunnel into the water collecting well in the transverse channel; and a water pump, a water pipe and a liquid level control system are arranged in the water collecting well, when the water level reaches a certain height, the water pump is started to introduce the water collected in the water collecting well into the ditch in the transverse channel, and the water is converged into the ditch in the main tunnel and discharged out of the tunnel.
Description
The technical field is as follows:
the invention belongs to the technical field of traffic engineering, and relates to a method for realizing a two-single-extra-long-tunnel partitioned drainage system in an expansive rock area.
Background art:
the two single extra-long tunnels are of a double-hole type, and every 500m of the middle of the two single extra-long tunnels are communicated with the two tunnels by adopting a transverse channel. The construction of two single extra-long tunnels, particularly long and large-gradient tunnels, has larger disturbance to the original state of surrounding rocks, the original hydraulic runoff path is changed after the tunnels are excavated, a new longitudinal hydraulic drainage path along the tunnels is formed, and underground water is distributed from a high position to a low position along the longitudinal direction of the tunnels and from a dense and complete rock mass to a broken and loose position. In China, a tunnel for building a through car in an expansive rock area has the defects of cracking of a lining, bulging of an inverted arch and the like, and the influence of the expansive rock on the tunnel construction is more and more concerned.
At present, the proposal and research of the problem of sectional drainage of the long tunnel, the disturbance of the hydraulic runoff on the expansive rocks, the damage of the expansive rock area and the improvement of the tunnel construction level of the expansive rock area at home and abroad are still in the preliminary stage. How to realize scientific water interception and drainage in the expansive rock area needs to be solved urgently, and the problem that the disturbance and expansion of the surrounding rock caused by water soaking in the basement endangers the tunnel lining structure is solved.
The invention content is as follows:
the invention aims to provide a method for realizing a partitioned drainage system of two single extra-long tunnels in an expansive rock area, which solves the problem that surrounding rock disturbance expansion caused by water soaking at the bottom of an expansive rock substrate damages a tunnel lining structure in the prior art.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:
a method for realizing a two-single-extra-long tunnel partitioned drainage system in an expansive rock area is characterized by comprising the following steps of: utilizing an upstream transverse channel of an expansion rock stratum, arranging a water collecting well in the transverse channel, backfilling a permeable pebble layer through a downward excavation main tunnel foundation, and intercepting and introducing upstream catchment of a main tunnel into the water collecting well in the transverse channel; and a water pump, a water pipe and a liquid level control system are arranged in the water collecting well, when the water level reaches a certain height, the water pump is started to introduce the water collected in the water collecting well into the ditch in the transverse channel, and the water is converged into the ditch in the main tunnel and discharged out of the tunnel.
The method comprises the following steps:
(1) water interception:
excavating the left arch wall or the right arch wall of the main tunnel and the base outwards, backfilling the expanded excavation range by adopting a pebble permeable layer, and arranging C25 sprayed concrete walls around the backfilled body to be isolated from surrounding rocks; reserving a phi 150 water drainage hole, and intercepting the water collected at the bottom of the positive hole by a phi 150PVC pipe;
(2) water guiding:
carrying out expanding excavation on the base of the transverse channel, wherein the expanding excavation depth needs to ensure that the base of the transverse channel is in direct connection with the base of the left line or the right line of the tunnel with the main tunnel; digging a substrate and backfilling a permeable pebble layer; a water collecting well is arranged in the transverse channel, and phi 150 water draining holes are reserved around the water collecting well; the water cut in the main tunnel is led into a water collecting well through a pebble permeable layer;
(3) draining:
and a water pump is arranged in the water collecting well, the water pump comprises a liquid level control system, when the water level in the water collecting well reaches a certain height, the water pump is started, the collected water in the water collecting well is discharged into a ditch of the transverse channel through a water pipe, and finally the collected water is discharged into a ditch of the main tunnel to realize a zone drainage function, so that the collected water at the upstream base is discharged.
The step (1) comprises the following steps:
a. expanding and digging the base and the outer side of the tunnel with the main hole at the transverse passage: the outward expanding excavation range of the arch wall and the base of the left line or the right line of the tunnel with the main tunnel is 1-2 m, the expanding excavation height of the arch wall is 2-3 m, and the length of the tunnel with the main tunnel or the expanding excavation section is generally the width of the transverse channel;
b. the expanded excavation range is backfilled by a pebble permeable layer, and the compactness is more than 90 percent; c25 concrete spraying walls are arranged around the backfill body and isolated from the surrounding rocks; phi 150 drain holes are reserved on the wall body on the side, close to the upstream, of the C25 concrete spraying wall body, on the left side of the left line of the tunnel with the main tunnel and on the right side of the right line of the tunnel with the main tunnel, the spacing is 1.0 multiplied by 1.0m, and the arrangement is in a quincunx shape; and simultaneously, phi 150PVC pipes wrapping the non-woven fabric are arranged outside the wall body on the left side of the left line of the tunnel and on the right side of the right line of the tunnel, the number of the pipes is 3, and the longitudinal distance is 1.0 m.
The step (2) comprises the following steps:
a. the base expanding excavation depth of the section inside the blocking wall of the cross road is 0.5-1 m, and the base expanding excavation height H of the section, close to the outside of the blocking wall, of the cross road is determined according to the base expanding excavation height of the left line or the right line of the tunnel with the main hole, so that the base of the cross road is ensured to be in direct connection with the base of the left line or the right line of the tunnel with the main hole; the foundation is excavated and backfilled with a permeable pebble layer, and the compactness is more than 90 percent;
b. a water collecting well is arranged on the outer side of the plugging door of the transverse channel, and the depth H of the water collecting well entering the bottom of the transverse channel is more than H; phi 150 drainage holes are reserved around the water collecting well, the spacing is 1.0 multiplied by 1.0m, and the arrangement is in a quincunx shape.
The step (3) comprises the following steps:
a. a water pump is arranged in the water collecting well, the water pump comprises a liquid level control system, when the water level in the water collecting well reaches a certain height, the water pump is started, and the collected water in the water collecting well is discharged into a ditch of the transverse channel through a water pipe;
b. a steel ladder and a concrete step are arranged in the water collecting well;
c. the transverse channel ditch is connected with the main tunnel ditch through a pre-buried phi 100PVC pipe.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages and effects:
1. the invention utilizes the upstream transverse channel of the expansion rock stratum, the water collecting well is arranged in the transverse channel, the permeable pebble layer is backfilled by digging the foundation of the main tunnel downwards, and the upstream catchment of the main tunnel is intercepted and led into the water collecting well in the transverse channel, thereby realizing the partition of the whole tunnel drainage. And a water pump, a water pipe, a liquid level control system and the like are arranged in the water collecting well, when the water level reaches a certain height, the water pump is started to introduce the water collected in the water collecting well into the ditch in the transverse channel, and the water is converged into the ditch in the main tunnel and discharged out of the tunnel.
2. Conventional drainage systems in tunnels address drainage problems above the substrate, but drainage of the substrate along the longitudinal extent of the tunnel fails. The invention utilizes the original drainage system of two single extra-long tunnels to the maximum, and realizes the closure of the upstream of the tunnel in the expansive rock stratum only by a small amount of engineering measures such as expanding and digging a foundation, backfilling a permeable pebble layer, additionally arranging a water collecting well and a drainage facility and the like. The method finally realizes the partition of the whole tunnel drainage. Catchment of the tunnel upstream substrate of the expansive rock stratum is led into a ditch of the tunnel, so that the problem that the large-gradient tunnel substrate of the expansive rock is soaked in water is solved.
Description of the drawings:
fig. 1 is a schematic view of a tunnel drainage plane.
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the drainage on section A-A.
Fig. 3 is a schematic longitudinal section of tunnel drainage.
FIG. 4 is an enlarged plan view of the zoned drainage system.
FIG. 5 is a sectional view taken along line B-B.
FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view taken along line C-C.
In the figure, 1-a subarea drainage system, 2-a transverse channel, 3-a main tunnel left line, 4-a main tunnel right line, 5-an upstream common rock stratum, 6-a downstream expansive rock stratum, 7-a ditch, 8-a water collecting well, 9-a water pump, 10-a water pipe, 11-phi 150 water drainage holes, 12-phi 100PVC pipes, 13-C25 concrete spraying walls, 14-phi 150PVC pipes wrapping non-woven fabrics, 15-pebble permeable layers, 16-steel ladder stands and 17-concrete steps.
The specific implementation mode is as follows:
in order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
The drainage system is suitable for two single extra-long tunnels in the expansive rock area, and mainly solves the phenomenon that the tunnels deform and crack due to water soaking of the bases of the two single tunnels in the expansive rock area. And (3) utilizing an upstream transverse channel of the expanded rock stratum, arranging a water collecting well in the transverse channel, backfilling a permeable pebble layer through a downward excavation main tunnel foundation, and intercepting and introducing upstream catchment of the main tunnel into the water collecting well in the transverse channel. And a water pump, a water pipe, a liquid level control system and the like are arranged in the water collecting well, when the water level reaches a certain height, the water pump is started to introduce the water collected in the water collecting well into the ditch in the transverse channel, and the water is converged into the ditch in the main tunnel and discharged out of the tunnel. The specific implementation method of the invention comprises the following steps:
a. the water interception function:
and (3) expanding and excavating the arch wall and the basement of the left line 3 or the right line 4 of the tunnel, backfilling the expanded and excavated range by using a pebble permeable layer 15, and arranging C25 sprayed concrete walls 13 around the backfilled body to be isolated from surrounding rocks. The phi 150 drainage hole 11 is reserved, and the phi 150PVC pipe 14 enables the water collection of the positive hole substrate to be intercepted.
b. The water guide function is as follows:
and (3) carrying out expanding excavation on the base of the transverse channel 2, wherein the expanding excavation depth needs to ensure that the base of the transverse channel 2 is in direct connection with the base of the left line 3 or the right line 4 of the tunnel. And (5) backfilling the water-permeable pebble layer 15 by the expanded excavation substrate. A water collecting well 8 is arranged in the transverse channel 2, and phi 150 water drainage holes 11 are reserved around the water collecting well 8. The water cut in the main tunnel is guided into the water collecting well through the pebble permeable layer.
c. The drainage function:
a water pump 9 is arranged in the water collecting well 8, the water pump comprises a liquid level control system, when the water level in the water collecting well 8 reaches a certain height, the water pump 9 is started, the collected water in the water collecting well 8 is discharged into the ditch 7 of the transverse channel 8 through a water pipe 10, finally the collected water is discharged into the main tunnel ditch to realize the partition drainage function, and the collected water of the upstream substrate is discharged.
Example (b):
referring to fig. 1 to 6, the following description will be made of the functions and implementation steps of water interception, water guiding and drainage by using a horizontal channel to provide a partitioned drainage system as an example:
the water drainage system comprises a water interception system and a water drainage system, wherein the water drainage system 1 realizes the water drainage in a tunnel in a partitioned mode.
a. Expanding and excavating the base and the outer side of the tunnel with the main hole at the transverse passage 2: the outward expanding excavation range of the arch wall and the base of the left line 3 or the right line 4 of the tunnel is 1-2 m, the expanding excavation height of the arch wall is 2-3 m, and the length of the expanding excavation section of the tunnel is generally the width of the transverse channel 2, but certain upstream extension can be properly carried out according to the water quantity of the tunnel, and the extension range is not limited.
b. The expanded excavation range is backfilled by a pebble permeable layer 15, and the compactness is more than 90%. C25 concrete spraying walls 13 are arranged around the backfill body and isolated from surrounding rocks. In order to ensure that the catchment water of the substrate can smoothly enter the pebble permeable layer 15 and does not flow to the downstream any more, phi 150 drain holes 11 are reserved on the wall body on the side close to the upstream of the C25 sprayed concrete wall body 13, on the left side of the left line 3 of the tunnel with the main tunnel and on the right side of the right line 4 of the tunnel with the main tunnel, and the distance is 1.0 multiplied by 1.0m, and the arrangement is in a quincunx shape. And phi 150PVC pipes (14) wrapping non-woven fabrics are arranged outside the wall body on the left side of the left line 3 of the tunnel and on the right side of the right line 4 of the tunnel, 3 PVC pipes are arranged in the circumferential direction, and the longitudinal distance is 1.0 m.
Guiding water by the subarea drainage system 1, and guiding the intercepted water of the left line 3 of the tunnel with the main tunnel and the right line 4 of the tunnel with the main tunnel and the collected water in the transverse channel 2 into a water collecting well 8 in the transverse channel.
a. Expanding excavation is carried out on the base of the transverse channel, the expanding excavation depth of the base of the section inside the blocking wall of the transverse channel 2 is 0.5-1 m, the expanding excavation height H of the section base of the transverse channel 2 close to the outside of the blocking wall is determined according to the expanding excavation height of the base of the left line 3 or the right line 4 of the tunnel, and the base of the transverse channel 2 is ensured to be in direct connection with the base of the left line 3 or the right line 4 of the tunnel. And backfilling the permeable pebble layer 15 on the digging base with the compactness of more than 90 percent.
b. A water collecting well 8 is arranged on the outer side of the plugging door of the transverse channel 2, and the depth H of the water collecting well 8 entering the bottom of the transverse channel 2 is larger than H. Phi 150 drainage holes 11 are reserved around the water collecting well, the distance is 1.0 multiplied by 1.0m, and the arrangement is in a quincunx shape.
Thirdly, the subarea drainage system 1 drains water, collects water in the water collecting well 8 and drains the water into the ditch 7.
a. A water pump 9 is arranged in the water collecting well 8, the water pump comprises a liquid level control system, when the water level in the water collecting well 8 reaches a certain height, the water pump 9 is started, and the gathered water in the water collecting well 8 is discharged into the ditch 7 of the transverse channel 8 through a water pipe 10.
b. Set up steel cat ladder 16 and concrete step 17 in the sump pit 8, make things convenient for the later stage to overhaul.
c. The transverse channel ditch 7 is connected with the main tunnel ditch 7 through a pre-buried phi 100PVC pipe 12.
The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and all equivalent structural changes made by using the contents of the specification and the drawings of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. A method for realizing a two-single-extra-long tunnel partitioned drainage system in an expansive rock area is characterized by comprising the following steps of: utilizing an upstream transverse channel of an expansion rock stratum, arranging a water collecting well in the transverse channel, backfilling a permeable pebble layer through a downward excavation main tunnel foundation, and intercepting and introducing upstream catchment of a main tunnel into the water collecting well in the transverse channel; and a water pump, a water pipe and a liquid level control system are arranged in the water collecting well, when the water level reaches a certain height, the water pump is started to introduce the water collected in the water collecting well into the ditch in the transverse channel, and the water is converged into the ditch in the main tunnel and discharged out of the tunnel.
2. The implementation method of the zonal drainage system for the two single extra-long tunnels in the expansive rock area according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
(1) water interception:
the arch wall and the base of the left line (3) or the right line (4) of the tunnel are excavated outwards, a pebble permeable layer (15) is used for backfilling the excavation expanding range, and C25 concrete spraying walls (13) are arranged around the backfilling body and isolated from surrounding rocks; reserving a phi 150 drain hole (11), and enabling a phi 150PVC pipe (14) to intercept the catchment of the base of the positive hole;
(2) water guiding:
expanding excavation is carried out on the base of the transverse channel (2), and the expanding excavation depth needs to ensure that the base of the transverse channel (2) is in direct connection with the base of the left line (3) or the right line (4) of the tunnel; digging a substrate and backfilling a permeable pebble layer (15); a water collecting well (8) is arranged in the transverse channel (2), and phi 150 water drainage holes (11) are reserved around the water collecting well (8); the water cut in the main tunnel is led into a water collecting well through a pebble permeable layer;
(3) draining:
a water pump (9) is arranged in the water collecting well (8), the water pump contains a liquid level control system, when the water level in the water collecting well (8) reaches a certain height, the water pump (9) is started, the collected water in the water collecting well (8) is discharged into a ditch (7) of the transverse channel (8) through a water pipe (10), and finally the collected water is discharged into the ditch of the main hole to realize a partition drainage function, so that the collected water at the upstream base is discharged.
3. The implementation method of the subarea drainage system for the two single extra-long tunnels in the expansive rock area according to the claim 2 is characterized in that: the step (1) comprises the following steps:
a. expanding and digging the base and the outer side of the tunnel with the main hole at the transverse passage (2): the arch wall and the base of the left line (3) or the right line (4) of the tunnel with the main tunnel are expanded outwards for digging in a range of 1-2 m, the expansion height of the arch wall is 2-3 m, and the length of the expansion section of the tunnel with the main tunnel (3) or (4) is generally the width of the transverse channel (2);
b. the expanded excavation range is backfilled by a pebble permeable layer (15), and the compactness is more than 90 percent; c25 concrete spraying walls (13) are arranged around the backfill body and isolated from the surrounding rocks; phi 150 drainage holes (11) are reserved on the wall body, close to the upstream side of the C25 concrete spraying wall body (13), on the left side of the main tunnel left line (3) and on the right side of the main tunnel right line (4), the spacing is 1.0 multiplied by 1.0m, and the arrangement is in a quincunx shape; and simultaneously, phi 150PVC pipes (14) wrapping non-woven fabrics are arranged outside the wall body on the left side of the left line (3) of the tunnel and on the right side of the right line (4) of the tunnel, the number of the pipes is 3, and the longitudinal distance is 1.0 m.
4. The implementation method of the subarea drainage system for the two single extra-long tunnels in the expansive rock area according to the claim 2 is characterized in that: the step (2) comprises the following steps:
a. the base expanding and excavating depth of the inner section of the blocking wall of the cross road (2) is 0.5-1 m, and the base expanding and excavating height H of the section of the cross road (2) close to the outer part of the blocking wall is determined according to the base expanding and excavating height of the left line (3) or the right line (4) of the tunnel with the main tunnel, so that the base of the cross road (2) is ensured to be in direct connection with the base of the left line (3) or the right line (4) of the tunnel with the main tunnel; the foundation excavation is expanded and backfilled with a permeable pebble layer (15), and the compactness is more than 90 percent;
b. a water collecting well (8) is arranged on the outer side of the plugging door of the transverse channel (2), and the depth H of the water collecting well (8) entering the bottom of the transverse channel (2) is more than H; phi 150 drainage holes (11) are reserved around the water collecting well, the spacing is 1.0 multiplied by 1.0m, and the arrangement is in a quincunx shape.
5. The implementation method of the subarea drainage system for the two single extra-long tunnels in the expansive rock area according to the claim 2 is characterized in that: the step (3) comprises the following steps:
a. a water pump (9) is arranged in the water collecting well (8), the water pump comprises a liquid level control system, when the water level in the water collecting well (8) reaches a certain height, the water pump (9) is started, and the collected water in the water collecting well (8) is discharged into a ditch (7) of the transverse channel (8) through a water pipe (10);
b. a steel ladder stand (16) and a concrete step (17) are arranged in the water collecting well (8);
c. the transverse channel ditch (7) is connected with the main tunnel ditch (7) through a pre-buried phi 100PVC pipe (12).
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| CN202111430696.8A CN114109494B (en) | 2021-11-29 | 2021-11-29 | Implementation method of two-single-extra-long tunnel partition drainage system in expanded rock area |
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| CN202111430696.8A CN114109494B (en) | 2021-11-29 | 2021-11-29 | Implementation method of two-single-extra-long tunnel partition drainage system in expanded rock area |
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Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0722038A1 (en) * | 1995-01-13 | 1996-07-17 | Bilfinger + Berger Bauaktiengesellschaft | Tunnel drainage system |
| CN108150219A (en) * | 2018-01-23 | 2018-06-12 | 中铁二院工程集团有限责任公司 | The ground water drainage system and its construction method of a kind of separate type double-hole tunnel |
| CN111287794A (en) * | 2020-04-07 | 2020-06-16 | 中铁二院成都勘察设计研究院有限责任公司 | Karst tunnel underground water open type drainage structure and method |
| CN111350520A (en) * | 2020-05-08 | 2020-06-30 | 北京建工土木工程有限公司 | Underground water drainage system for underground excavation tunnel in water-rich sandy gravel stratum and construction method thereof |
-
2021
- 2021-11-29 CN CN202111430696.8A patent/CN114109494B/en active Active
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0722038A1 (en) * | 1995-01-13 | 1996-07-17 | Bilfinger + Berger Bauaktiengesellschaft | Tunnel drainage system |
| CN108150219A (en) * | 2018-01-23 | 2018-06-12 | 中铁二院工程集团有限责任公司 | The ground water drainage system and its construction method of a kind of separate type double-hole tunnel |
| CN111287794A (en) * | 2020-04-07 | 2020-06-16 | 中铁二院成都勘察设计研究院有限责任公司 | Karst tunnel underground water open type drainage structure and method |
| CN111350520A (en) * | 2020-05-08 | 2020-06-30 | 北京建工土木工程有限公司 | Underground water drainage system for underground excavation tunnel in water-rich sandy gravel stratum and construction method thereof |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| 贾元霞;: "乌鞘岭特长隧道排水系统设计", 隧道建设, no. 04, pages 431 - 434 * |
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