CN114109401B - Non-excavation dragging pipe pulling construction process - Google Patents
Non-excavation dragging pipe pulling construction process Download PDFInfo
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- CN114109401B CN114109401B CN202210083091.4A CN202210083091A CN114109401B CN 114109401 B CN114109401 B CN 114109401B CN 202210083091 A CN202210083091 A CN 202210083091A CN 114109401 B CN114109401 B CN 114109401B
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 54
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 50
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 46
- 238000009412 basement excavation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 94
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 79
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000004873 anchoring Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 14
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000000916 dilatatory effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 9
- 230000005641 tunneling Effects 0.000 description 6
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004035 construction material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002737 fuel gas Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 238000003900 soil pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D9/00—Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries
- E21D9/001—Improving soil or rock, e.g. by freezing; Injections
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- Excavating Of Shafts Or Tunnels (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a construction process for pulling out a trenchless dragging pipe, which comprises the following steps: carrying out primary technical design of pulling out the dragging pipe; excavating soil at the pipe end to expose the end of the pipe body; cutting the pipe body: installing a cutting tool on a drill rod, starting a drilling machine to enable the cutting tool to reach a preset position, driving the cutting tool to rotate at a high speed through the drill rod, adjusting the cutting tool to rotate reversely, and cutting off a pipe body; pipe and soil separation: the pipe-soil separating ring is arranged on the drill rod, the separating ring is driven by the drill rod to rotate on the outer wall of the pipe body and penetrate into the soil body to reach a preset position, and the outer wall of the pipe body is separated from the surrounding soil body; pulling out the pipe body: and connecting the end of the pipe body with the drill rod through the anchoring device, and pulling out the pipe body under the traction of the drilling machine. The invention establishes a set of perfect 'one-cutting, two-washing, three-pulling and four-plugging' non-excavation pipe-pulling process, is particularly suitable for cleaning operation (the length can reach more than 200 m) of a longer pipe body in a soft soil stratum, does not need large-scale excavation operation, and has less influence on the soil body structure around the dragging pipe.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of shield tunneling construction, in particular to a non-excavation dragging pipe pulling construction process.
Background
Along with the rapid development of the economy of China, the urban construction and the updating are carried out in a fierce manner, large urban groups such as Jingjin Ji, Long triangular and Bay areas emerge in sequence, the construction of municipal pipe networks is the first place in the urban construction process, and the trenchless dragging pipe is widely used by virtue of the advantages of small occupied area, quick construction, low cost, no traffic closure, no channel closure and the like. The underground engineering construction method is characterized in that the underground engineering construction method relates to sewage, water supply, electric power, fuel gas and the like, MPP, PVC, PPR, PE and the like are made of materials, the number of the MPP, the PVC, the PPR, the PE and the like is small, one or two and more than ten, the buried depth of various pipelines is gradually increased, the buried depth of a partial dragging pipe reaches more than ten meters, the length of the partial dragging pipe reaches dozens of meters or even hundreds of meters, and certain influence is brought to the construction of other underground engineering. Especially in recent years, large underground projects such as subways, pipe galleries and the like constructed in large cities often conflict with existing dragging pipes, the conventional method is to change a pipe network, but the dragging pipes are not processed, and the left pipelines become potential safety hazards of projects to be constructed and even possibly develop into safety accidents. Taking the subway shield project as an example, the abandoned dragging pipe has high strength and high toughness, and has safety risks of blocking a cutter head, blocking a screw conveyor, influencing shield posture, influencing ground surface settlement and the like. Therefore, the dragging pipe is pulled out before construction in a non-excavation mode, and the method has obvious economic benefits and engineering significance for subway engineering construction.
In a certain subway section shield tunneling project, collision occurs between the shield tunneling project and 8 electric dragging pipes (MPP pipes) under a river channel, 110kv cables in the shield tunneling project are pulled out, and the MPP pipes are still left in the stratum. The MPP pipe diameter is 200mm, the wall thickness is 15mm, in construction in 2011, the pipeline laying direction is the same with the shield tunneling direction, the conflict position is under existing navigation river, the buried depth is about 13m, the conflict plane length is about 200m, the vertical invasion tunnel is 0-3 m, because the pipeline laying time is of a long time, the buried depth is big, under navigation river again, the possibility that the open cut and excavation clearance scheme of breaking a voyage does not implement, only rely on 8 200m long dragging pipes of shield machine self ability grinding, there are very big technical risk and potential safety hazard, and there is not the success case report of similar engineering at home and abroad. Therefore, the MPP pipe needs to be pulled out in advance to ensure that the shield can pass through smoothly.
Chinese patent application CN201810337205.7 discloses a trenchless pipe-drawing process for underground pipelines, which comprises separating the original underground pipelines from the attachments through a sleeve-type jack 300, filling the separation surface with new slurry, and drawing out the original pipelines through external force. Obviously, the separation effect is poor, and the gripping effect of the surrounding soil body on the pipe wall can be even enhanced when the separation surface is filled with new mud.
Chinese patent application CN202010569985.5 discloses a circular cutting pipe-drawing construction process and a circular cutting pipe-drawing drilling machine, which utilizes the circular cutting pipe-drawing drilling machine to cut an annular space along the outer wall of an old pipeline to be replaced, so as to realize the complete stripping of the old pipeline to be replaced and peripheral soil, so that the old pipeline can be easily pulled out, and a new pipeline to be replaced is synchronously brought in. Obviously, what this document pays attention to is also the separation of the soil body around the pipe wall, then wholly extract the old pipe and bring back the new pipe, but whole pipe drawing is unrealistic, needs great pipe drawing power, and great pipe drawing power causes the body of pipe again easily to tear or split, and merit is short for one and is short for a moment.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems, the invention aims to provide a non-excavation dragging pipe pulling construction process which does not need large-scale excavation operation and has small influence on the soil body structure around the dragging pipe.
The invention is realized by the following steps:
a non-excavation dragging pipe pulling construction process comprises the following steps:
s10, carrying out primary technical design of pulling out the dragging pipe;
s20, excavating a pipe end soil body to expose the end of the pipe body;
s30, cutting the pipe body:
installing a cutting tool on the drill rod, starting the drilling machine to drive the cutting tool to reach a preset position through the drill rod, adjusting the drilling machine to rotate reversely, and cutting off the pipe body by the high-speed rotation of the cutting tool;
s40, soil-in-pipe separation:
the pipe-soil separating ring is arranged on the drill rod, the separating ring is driven by the drill rod to rotate on the outer wall of the pipe body and penetrate into the soil body to reach a preset position, and the outer wall of the pipe body is separated from the surrounding soil body;
s50, pulling out the pipe body:
and connecting the end of the pipe body with the drill rod through the anchoring device, and pulling out the pipe body under the traction of the drilling machine.
Preferably, the preliminary technical design of step S10 includes: and determining the length, the depth, the position of an operation surface, stratum information and underground pipeline arrangement information of the drag pipe based on a design drawing and working condition information provided by operation personnel of units related to pipeline laying on site.
Preferably, the method further comprises the following steps: s60, pipe hole plugging:
after the dragging pipe is pulled out, hardening materials are filled in the pipe holes to plug the pipe holes and reinforce soil bodies.
Preferably, in step S30, the cutting tool includes:
the rear end of the drill transmission rod is connected with the drill rod and is driven by the drill rod to rotate at a high speed;
the pipe cutting knife bin is fixedly connected with the front end of the transmission rod of the drilling machine, and a pipe cutting knife is arranged in the pipe cutting knife bin;
the soil breaking end is fixedly connected with the pipe cutting knife bin;
during construction, a drill rod is connected with a cutting tool and extends into the pipe body of the dragging pipe to reach a preset position, a drill transmission rod drives a pipe cutting tool bin to rotate at a high speed, and a pipe cutting tool cuts the dragging pipe in the pipe body.
Preferably, the pipe cutting knife bin is an annular box with a circular box bottom and a circular peripheral wall, the circular box bottom and the circular peripheral wall form a semi-closed structure, a knife hole is formed in the circular peripheral wall, the pipe cutting knife is installed in the box, and the pipe cutting knife can be extended out of the knife hole when the drill transmission rod drives the pipe cutting knife bin to rotate at a high speed.
Preferably, the bottom end of the pipe cutting knife is fixed on the box bottom in a pin joint mode, the knife body is fixed on the box bottom in a connecting mode through a spring, and the head end of the pipe cutting knife is contained in a knife hole in the box and can stretch out of the knife hole under the high-speed rotation mode.
Preferably, in step S40, the soil-in-pipe separating ring is composed of an annular outer casing, an annular gear, an annular inner casing, a first annular front end cover, a second annular front end cover, a driving gear, and a soil breaking knife, wherein:
the annular outer shell, the annular gear and the annular inner shell are sequentially sleeved from outside to inside, and the rear end of the annular outer shell is welded and fixed with the rear end of the annular inner shell;
the first annular front end cover is welded and fixed with the front end of the annular inner shell, and the area between the annular gear and the annular inner shell is sealed from the front end;
the outer ring of the second annular front end cover is welded and fixed with the annular shell, the inner ring is in contact with the annular gear but not connected with the annular gear, and the region between the annular shell and the annular gear is sealed from the front end;
the driving gear is meshed with the annular gear and can drive the annular gear to rotate between the annular outer shell and the annular inner shell;
the ground breaking knife is welded and fixed on the ring gear.
Preferably, the inner wall of the annular shell and/or the outer wall of the annular gear is/are provided with at least one circle of ball grooves, and antifriction balls are embedded in the ball grooves.
Preferably, the annular inner shell is formed with a cylindrical gear groove radially inwards, the gear groove forms an opening at the edge of the annular inner shell, and the driving gear is arranged in the gear groove and is meshed with the annular gear at the opening.
Preferably, a plurality of positioning cavities are formed in the annular inner shell in the radial inward direction, positioning balls are placed in the positioning cavities, and the positioning balls are abutted to the outer wall of the dragging pipe in the construction process.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: the trenchless dragging pipe pulling construction process provided by the invention has the following remarkable beneficial effects:
the invention establishes a perfect construction process of 'one cutting, two washing, three pulling and four plugging' through a professional cutting tool and a pipe-soil separating ring, initiates a set of construction process for integrally pulling out the dragging pipe, is suitable for the cleaning operation of a longer pipe body in a soft soil stratum (the length can reach more than 200 m), does not need large-scale excavation operation, and has less influence on the soil body structure around the dragging pipe.
The cutting tool used in cooperation can perfectly cut off the pipe body at a designated position, and the pipe-soil separating ring can well solve the problem of how to effectively separate the pipe body from surrounding soil bodies, curing agents and the like in the non-excavation dragging pipe pulling construction, so that the smooth operation of the whole pipe pulling operation is guaranteed powerfully. The structure form is simple, and the on-site splicing and installation are convenient, so that the device can be widely applied to the pulling-out engineering of the dragging pipe.
The process is suitable for the fields of subways, pipe galleries and other municipal works, and the existing dragging pipe needs to be pulled out in a non-excavation mode.
The process is especially suitable for silt silty clay and silty clay stratum with higher soil body cohesive strength and high water content.
The process has the advantages of strong applicability, low operation difficulty and short operation period, has obvious advantages compared with a mode that a shield machine directly grinds and passes, and also provides a powerful reference basis for subsequent similar engineering construction.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below. It should be apparent that the drawings in the following description are merely exemplary, and that other embodiments can be derived from the drawings provided by those of ordinary skill in the art without inventive effort.
The structures, ratios, sizes, and the like shown in the present specification are only used for matching with the contents disclosed in the specification, so that those skilled in the art can understand and read the present invention, and do not limit the conditions for implementing the present invention, so that the present invention has no technical significance, and any structural modifications, changes in the ratio relationship, or adjustments of the sizes, without affecting the functions and purposes of the present invention, shall fall within the scope covered by the technical contents disclosed in the present invention.
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the construction process of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is an exploded view of a pipe cutter;
FIG. 3 is a schematic longitudinal sectional view of a pipe cutter;
fig. 4 exemplarily shows a structural schematic view of the pipe cutting knife magazine (the knife body is in a folding state);
fig. 5 exemplarily shows a structural schematic view of the pipe cutter bin (a cutter body opening state);
FIG. 6 is an exploded view of a soil separating ring;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view illustrating an end surface structure of the soil and pipe separating ring;
FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram illustrating an overall side view of the pipe-soil separating ring;
FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of the relationship between a certain engineering dragging pipe and a shield tunnel vertical section;
FIG. 10 is a field diagram of pipe end excavation before pipe drawing in a certain project;
FIG. 11 is a drawing of a pipe drawing process for a project;
FIG. 12 is a diagram of the actual pipe drawing results of a certain project.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is described in further detail below with reference to the embodiments and the accompanying drawings. The exemplary embodiments and descriptions of the present invention are provided to explain the present invention, but not to limit the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, the terms "comprises/comprising," "consisting of … …," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a product, apparatus, process, or method that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such product, apparatus, process, or method if desired. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrases "comprising/including … …," "consisting of … …," or "comprising" does not exclude the presence of other like elements in a product, device, process, or method that comprises the element.
It is to be understood that, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, the terms "disposed," "mounted," "connected," "secured," and the like are intended to be inclusive and mean, for example, that any suitable arrangement may be utilized and that any suitable connection, whether permanent or removable, or integral, may be utilized; can be mechanically or electrically connected; either directly or indirectly through intervening media, either internally or in any other relationship. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.
It will be further understood that the terms "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "center," and the like are used in an orientation or positional relationship illustrated in the drawings for convenience in describing and simplifying the invention, and do not indicate or imply that the device, component, or structure being referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed in a particular orientation, or be operated in a particular manner, and should not be construed as limiting the invention.
Furthermore, the terms "first", "second" and "first" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means two or more unless specifically defined otherwise.
The following describes the implementation of the present invention in detail with reference to preferred embodiments.
Referring to fig. 1, the invention discloses a non-excavation dragging pipe pulling construction process, which comprises the following steps:
s10, carrying out primary technical design of pulling out the dragging pipe;
s20, excavating a pipe end soil body to expose the end of the pipe body;
s30, cutting the pipe body:
installing a cutting tool on a drill rod, starting a drilling machine to enable the cutting tool to reach a preset position, driving the cutting tool to rotate at a high speed through the drill rod, adjusting the cutting tool to rotate reversely, and cutting off a pipe body;
s40, soil-in-pipe separation:
the pipe-soil separating ring is arranged on the drill rod, the separating ring is driven by the drill rod to rotate on the outer wall of the pipe body and penetrate into the soil body to reach a preset position, and the outer wall of the pipe body is separated from the surrounding soil body;
s50, pulling out the pipe body:
and connecting the end of the pipe body with a drill rod, and pulling out the pipe body under the traction of a drilling machine.
In the invention, the preliminary technical design comprises: based on design drawings and working condition information provided by operators of units related to pipeline laying on site, determining related information such as the length, depth, working face position, stratum information, underground pipeline arrangement and the like of the drag pipe.
Before the pipe drawing operation, the drilling machine is overhauled, the loss state of the cutting tool and the size parameters of the pipe-soil separating ring are checked, and normal construction can be ensured through pre-cutting operation.
Before construction, the preparation of construction material equipment and the sufficient storage of emergency material equipment are ensured.
According to the method, after relevant information such as the length, the depth, the position of an operation surface, stratum information, underground pipeline arrangement and the like of the drag pipe is determined, soil bodies at the pipe ends are excavated, and the soil bodies at the ends of the pipeline are exposed through the excavation of the soil surfaces at the pipe ends.
In the invention, when the pipe body is cut, after the cutting tool is connected with the drill rod of the directional drilling machine, the drilling machine enables the tool to reach a preset position, and then the rotating direction of the tool is adjusted to realize the cutting of the pipe body.
It should be noted that the cutting tool is not limited herein, and may be any cutting tool capable of cutting the pipe body, and one skilled in the art can know at least one cutting tool form and use for performing the cutting operation.
Referring to fig. 2-5, the present invention provides a preferred cutting tool, comprising:
the rear end of the drill transmission rod 10 is connected with a drill rod and is driven by the drill rod to rotate at a high speed;
the pipe cutting knife bin 20 is fixedly connected with the front end of the transmission rod of the drilling machine, and a pipe cutting knife 30 is arranged in the pipe cutting knife bin 20;
the ground breaking end 40 is fixedly connected with the pipe cutting knife bin 20;
during construction, a drill rod connecting cutting tool extends into the pipe body of the dragging pipe and reaches a preset position, a drill transmission rod drives a pipe cutting tool bin 20 to rotate at a high speed, and a pipe cutting tool 30 cuts the dragging pipe in the pipe body. In the process of extending into the cutting tool, the soil breaking end head 40 breaks away obstacles such as soil bodies possibly existing in the tube body, and the cutting tool can be smoothly pushed to a preset position.
The drill drive rod 10 is used for connecting with a drill rod of a directional drill and is driven to rotate by the drill. Referring to fig. 2 and 3, the present invention provides a preferred drill driving rod 10, which is a hollow casing structure, wherein a section connected with a drill rod is provided with threads, the section is connected with the drill rod in a threaded manner, two pin holes 11 are formed in the threaded section in a radial direction, and after the drill rod is connected with the threaded section, a pin 50 is inserted through the pin holes 11 and the through holes on the drill rod for connection and fixation, so that the threads are prevented from loosening in the forward or reverse rotation process.
The pipe cutting knife bin 20 is fixedly connected with the drill transmission rod 10, and can be fixed by welding, and the pipe cutting knife bin 20 is used for accommodating a pipe cutting knife 30. Referring to fig. 2, 4 and 5, preferably, the pipe cutting knife magazine 20 is an annular box having a circular box bottom 21 and a circular peripheral wall 22, the circular box bottom 21 and the circular peripheral wall 22 form a semi-closed structure, a knife hole 23 is formed in the circular peripheral wall 22, a pipe cutting knife 30 is installed in the box, the pipe cutting knife 30 can be thrown out of the knife hole 23 under the action of self centrifugal force when the drill transmission rod drives the pipe cutting knife magazine 20 to rotate at a high speed, and the thrown knife head contacts with the inner wall of the dragging pipe body to cut the dragging pipe body.
With continued reference to fig. 3 and 4, the bottom end of the pipe cutter 30 of the present invention is fixed to the box bottom 21 by pin joint, the cutter body is fixed to the box bottom 21 by a spring 60, the pipe cutter head end is accommodated in the box and located at the cutter hole 23, the cutter hole 23 is preferably a strip-shaped hole, the pipe cutter head end is designed to be a wedge-shaped structure or a step-shaped structure, the pipe cutter head end leans against the hole wall at one end of the strip-shaped hole in a normal state, the spring 60 is in a natural state or a micro-stretching state, and the cutter body is in a folding state at this time, as shown in fig. 4; when the pipe cutting knife bin 20 is driven by the drill transmission rod 10 to rotate at a high speed, for example, the pipe cutting knife bin rotates forwards, the end of the pipe cutting knife is thrown out of the bin, as shown in fig. 5, the knife edge is in contact with the pipe body and cuts the pipe body, after the pipe body is cut, the drill transmission rod 10 stops rotating or rotates reversely, and the knife body is automatically retracted under the traction of a spring.
In the invention, the ground breaking end 40 is designed to be of a conical structure and is in threaded connection with the pipe cutting knife bin 20, so that the assembly and disassembly are convenient, and the maintenance of a knife body in the pipe cutting knife bin 20 is convenient.
In the invention, after the pipe body is cut off at a preset position, the drill rod is pulled out, the cutting tool is dismounted, the pipe-soil separating ring is used, and after the diameter size of the ring is determined to meet the pipe-soil separating requirement, the pipe-soil separating ring is sleeved on the outer wall of the pipe body and matched with a drilling machine to penetrate into soil along the pipe wall. The separating ring damages the bonding degree of the outer wall of the pipe and the surrounding soil body in the pushing process of the outer wall of the pipe body, reduces the pipe drawing difficulty, and is the key for determining whether the pipe body can be smoothly drawn out. After reaching the preset depth, the separating ring is pulled out.
Referring to fig. 6-8, the present invention provides a preferable soil-in-pipe separating ring, which is composed of an annular outer casing 9, an annular gear 8, an annular inner casing 3, a first annular front end cover 2, a second annular front end cover 5, a driving gear 6 and a soil breaking knife 1, wherein:
the annular outer shell 9, the annular gear 8 and the annular inner shell 3 are sequentially sleeved from outside to inside, and the rear end of the annular outer shell 9 is welded and fixed with the rear end of the annular inner shell 3;
the first annular front end cover 2 is welded and fixed with the front end of the annular inner shell 3, and the area between the annular gear 8 and the annular inner shell 3 is sealed from the front end;
the outer ring of the second annular front end cover 5 is welded and fixed with the annular shell 9, the inner ring is in contact with but not connected with the annular gear 8, and the second annular front end cover 5 seals the area between the annular shell 9 and the annular gear 8 from the front end;
the driving gear 6 is meshed with the ring gear 8 and can drive the ring gear 8 to rotate between the annular outer shell 9 and the annular inner shell 3;
the ground breaking knife 1 is welded and fixed on the ring gear 8.
In the invention, the edge of the first annular front end cover 2 and the annular inner shell 3 are welded and fixed, the outer diameter of the first annular front end cover 2 is slightly larger than the outer diameter of the annular inner shell 3 but smaller than the outer diameter of the ring gear 8, so that the area between the ring gear 8 and the annular inner shell 3 can be sufficiently covered, and the external soil is prevented from entering the space between the ring gear 8 and the annular inner shell 3 to pollute and obstruct the normal work of the ring gear 8.
Similarly, the outer ring of the second annular front end cover 5 is welded and fixed with the edge of the annular shell 9, the inner ring is in contact with the outer wall or the outer edge of the annular gear 8 but not connected with the outer wall or the outer edge of the annular shell, and the area between the annular shell 9 and the annular gear 8 is just closed, so that external soil is prevented from entering the space between the annular shell 9 and the annular gear 8, and the annular gear 8 is prevented from being polluted and prevented from normally working.
In addition, the outer diameter of the first annular front end cap 2 is smaller than the outer diameter of the ring gear 8, so that an annular seam is formed between the outer edge of the first annular front end cap 2 and the inner edge of the second annular front end cap 5, as shown in fig. 7, so that the ground breaking blade 1 can be welded and fixed on the ring gear 8 through the annular seam.
With continued reference to fig. 6, in the present invention, at least one circle of ball grooves 9-1 are formed on the inner wall of the annular housing 9 and/or the outer wall of the annular gear 8, and the anti-friction balls 7 are embedded in the ball grooves 9-1. The ball grooves facilitate the installation of the antifriction balls 7 while enabling the ring gear 8 to be stably installed and held in the annular housing 9, and the antifriction balls 7 ensure that the ring gear 8 can smoothly rotate in the annular housing 9.
Referring again to fig. 6, in the present invention, a cylindrical gear groove 3-1 is formed radially inward of the annular inner casing 3, the gear groove 3-1 forms an opening at the edge of the annular inner casing, and the driving gear 6 is disposed in the gear groove 3-1 and engaged with the ring gear 8 at the opening.
The front end of the gear groove 3-1 can be designed into a closed structure, and a small circular cover can be formed at a corresponding position on the first annular front end cover 2 radially inwards to close the gear groove 3-1 from the front end, so that external soil pollution and interference on the normal work of the driving gear 6 are prevented.
With continued reference to fig. 6 and 7, in the present invention, a plurality of positioning cavities 3-2 are formed radially inward in the annular inner casing 3, and positioning balls 4, such as steel balls, are placed in the positioning cavities 3-2, and the positioning balls 4 are abutted against the outer wall of the drag pipe during construction, so as to position the soil and pipe separating ring longitudinally along the drag pipe, and hold and position the soil and pipe separating ring at the outer periphery of the wall of the drag pipe, and at the same time, reduce the resistance of the soil and pipe separating ring during the pushing process.
The invention can also further arrange an elastic element (not shown in the figure) in the positioning cavity 3-2, such as a compression spring, the compression spring supports the positioning ball 4, the positioning ball 4 has a certain moving space in the ball containing cavity through the high-low expansion of the elastic element, a certain clamping effect can be formed on the outer wall of the dragging pipe, and the distance between the balls is variable, so that the pipe soil separating ring is suitable for the dragging pipes with different diameters to pass through, and the pipe soil separating ring is suitable for the dragging pipes with different diameters.
Referring to fig. 6, in the present invention, the annular outer housing 9 may be provided with an annular rear cover 9-2, an outer ring of the annular rear cover 9-2 is welded to the annular outer housing 9, an inner ring is welded to the rear end of the annular inner housing 3, and the annular rear cover 9-2 closes regions between the annular outer housing 9 and the annular gear 8 and between the annular gear 8 and the annular inner housing 3 from the rear end. By arranging the annular rear end cover 9-2, the rear end of the pipe soil classification ring is closed, and soil is prevented from entering the periphery of the ring gear 8 from the rear end. It should be understood that the annular rear end cap 9-2 may be a separate structure or may be integrally formed with the annular housing 9 as part of the annular housing 9.
Influenced by complex geological environment, the pipe drawing process may be accompanied with pipe body tearing to cause pipe breakage. After the tube body is pulled out, the method carries out rechecking of the actual tube pulling length according to the situation, and specifically comprises the following steps:
if the actual tube drawing length is consistent with the preset tube drawing length, the dragging tube is drawn out;
if the actual pipe drawing length is inconsistent with the preset pipe drawing length, geophysical prospecting equipment is used for detecting the pipe body fracture position, the residual length and the pipe body trend information, and measures (such as re-excavation of a pipeline end head and the like) are continuously taken to draw out the residual pipe body.
After the dragging pipe is completely pulled out, for the condition that the pipe diameter is large or the pipe is pulled out more, pipe hole filling is an important construction link of the dragging pipe pulling-out project, and the pipe hole filling quality influences the later settlement condition of the surrounding soil body and the construction of the shield tunneling machine. The pipe holes are required to be filled with hardening materials, the pipe holes are sealed, soil is reinforced, and the filling materials can adopt hardening materials such as M10 mortar and the like, so that surface subsidence is reduced.
Example of engineering application:
the invention combines the pulling engineering of a subway dragging pipe, and the relation between the dragging pipe and the longitudinal section of the shield tunnel is shown in figure 9. 8 dragging pipes (MPP pipes) invade the range of the shield tunnel, and become important safety risk sources for shield construction. The dragging pipe is laid in the east-west direction, the wall thickness is 15mm, the outer diameter of the pipe body is 200mm, the influence range is about 200m, the density of the dragging pipe is 0.91-0.95 g/cm3, and the tensile strength tau is more than or equal to 22 MPa.
Before the dragging pipe removal project, related cases at home and abroad are few. The existing pipeline pulling-out scheme mostly adopts open cut cleaning or a mode that a shield directly grinds a small amount of orthogonal pipelines to remove. The pipeline of this case is 200 meters long, lays the direction with the shield tunnelling direction syntropy, and influence range is big, and the operation risk is high. The dragging pipe is piled up and compacted in the soil body for a long time, and if the pipe is directly pulled out, the dragging pipe bears multiple resistance effects such as the frictional resistance caused by the self weight of the pipe body, the frictional resistance caused by overlying soil, the cohesive resistance of the soil body around the pipe to the pipe and the like, and the pipe pulling difficulty is very high.
In order to reduce the risk of shield operation, the pipe drawing process of the invention is used, a horizontal directional drilling machine which is commonly used on site is matched with a cutting tool, a pipe-soil separating ring and the like, firstly, the soil surface of the pipe end is excavated, and the end of the pipeline is exposed out of the soil body, as shown in figure 10; then arranging a horizontal directional drilling machine, placing a cutting tool along the pipeline, starting the drilling machine, reversely rotating the tool after reaching a preset depth, performing annular cutting operation, and completely cutting off the pipe body, wherein the step is called cutting; after the pipe body is cut, a pipe-soil separating ring is used for separating pipe and soil along the trend of the existing pipeline, so that the wrapping force and the friction force of a soil body on the pipeline are reduced, the resistance of pipe drawing is reduced, and the step is called as washing; after the pipe and soil separation is finished, connecting the end of the pipeline with a drilling machine, and pulling the pipe body out of the soil body through the traction action of the drilling machine, as shown in figure 11, the step is 'pulling'; after the pipeline is pulled out, grouting and reinforcing are carried out on the hole in time, and the surface subsidence and later construction risks are reduced, so that the step is 'blocking'; finally, 8 dragging pipes of 200m are pulled out, as shown in fig. 12, and the phenomena of pipe body tearing, breakage, no pulling-out and the like do not occur in the whole pipe pulling process, which shows that the pipe pulling process of the invention is effective and feasible, and especially plays a role in guaranteeing pipe body cutting and pipe soil separation in the early stage.
In the tube drawing process, the traction force of a drilling machine is required to be controlled, and the tool withdrawal speed, the separating ring withdrawal speed and the tube drawing speed are controlled. The excessively fast lifting speed of the cutter and the separating ring causes abrasion and damage of the dragging pipeline, so that the dragging pipeline is broken in advance; the too fast tube body drawing speed makes the drag tube easily receive the influence of rock, trees etc. in the stratum, leads to the body wearing and tearing and breaks in advance. The reference value for the tractive effort of the rig is 10kN and the reference value for the speed is 0.5m/s for this case.
The invention establishes a perfect construction process of 'one cutting, two washing, three pulling and four plugging' through a professional cutting tool and a pipe-soil separating ring, initiates a set of construction process for integrally pulling out the dragging pipe, is particularly suitable for cleaning operation of a longer pipe body in a soft soil stratum (the length can reach more than 200 m), does not need large-scale excavation operation, and has less influence on the soil body structure around the dragging pipe.
In the engineering practice, the process solves the problem of barrier of the dragging pipe for the construction of the underground tunnel in the soft soil stratum, has simple process steps, can finish the pipe drawing operation by using a horizontal directional drilling machine, has low operation difficulty, can finish the pipe drawing operation under low clearance, has strong site applicability and short operation period, has obvious advantages compared with a mode that a shield machine directly grinds and passes through, and provides a powerful reference basis for the subsequent similar engineering construction.
The process ensures that the whole dragging pipe drawing process is safely and quickly carried out, reduces the risk of blocking a cutter head in the region through dragging pipe drawing operation, reduces the risk of opening the bin in a soft soil stratum under pressure, controls the ground surface settlement in the later period of pipe drawing, reduces the disturbance to the stratum while drawing the dragging pipe, reduces the safety risk for the shield construction process, and obtains good economic benefit, social benefit and environmental benefit.
It will be readily appreciated by those skilled in the art that the above-described preferred embodiments may be freely combined, superimposed, without conflict.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents and improvements made within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. A non-excavation dragging pipe pulling construction process is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s10, carrying out primary technical design of pulling out the dragging pipe;
s20, excavating a pipe end soil body to expose the end of the pipe body;
s30, cutting the pipe body:
installing a cutting tool on the drill rod, starting the drilling machine to drive the cutting tool to reach a preset position through the drill rod, adjusting the drilling machine to rotate reversely, and cutting off the pipe body by the high-speed rotation of the cutting tool; the cutting tool includes:
the rear end of the drill transmission rod is connected with the drill rod and is driven by the drill rod to rotate at a high speed;
the pipe cutting knife bin is fixedly connected with the front end of the transmission rod of the drilling machine, and a pipe cutting knife is arranged in the pipe cutting knife bin; the pipe cutting knife bin is an annular box with a circular box bottom and a circular peripheral wall, the circular box bottom and the circular peripheral wall form a semi-closed structure, a knife hole is formed in the circular peripheral wall, and the pipe cutting knife is installed in the box;
the soil breaking end is fixedly connected with the pipe cutting knife bin;
during construction, a drill rod is connected with a cutting tool and extends into the pipe body of the dragging pipe to reach a preset position, the pipe cutting tool can be thrown out of a tool hole under the action of self centrifugal force when a drill transmission rod drives a pipe cutting tool bin to rotate at a high speed, and the thrown tool bit cuts the dragging pipe in the pipe body;
s40, soil-in-pipe separation:
the pipe-soil separating ring is arranged on the drill rod, the separating ring is driven by the drill rod to rotate on the outer wall of the pipe body and penetrate into the soil body to reach a preset position, and the outer wall of the pipe body is separated from the surrounding soil body;
s50, pulling out the pipe body:
and connecting the end of the pipe body with the drill rod through the anchoring device, and pulling out the pipe body under the traction of the drilling machine.
2. The construction process according to claim 1, wherein the step S10 preliminary technical design includes: and determining the length, the depth, the position of an operation surface, stratum information and underground pipeline arrangement information of the drag pipe based on a design drawing and working condition information provided by operation personnel of units related to pipeline laying on site.
3. The construction process according to claim 1, further comprising the steps of: s60, pipe hole plugging:
after the dragging pipe is pulled out, hardening materials are filled in the pipe holes to plug the pipe holes and reinforce soil bodies.
4. The construction process as claimed in claim 1, wherein the bottom end of the pipe cutter is fixed on the box bottom in a pin joint manner, the cutter body is fixed on the box bottom in a connection manner through a spring, and the head end of the pipe cutter is accommodated in a cutter hole in the box and can protrude out of the cutter hole under high-speed rotation.
5. The construction process according to claim 1, wherein in step S40, the soil and tube separating ring is composed of an annular outer shell, an annular gear, an annular inner shell, a first annular front end cap, a second annular front end cap, a driving gear and a soil breaking knife, wherein:
the annular outer shell, the annular gear and the annular inner shell are sequentially sleeved from outside to inside, and the rear end of the annular outer shell is welded and fixed with the rear end of the annular inner shell;
the first annular front end cover is welded and fixed with the front end of the annular inner shell, and the area between the annular gear and the annular inner shell is sealed from the front end;
the outer ring of the second annular front end cover is welded and fixed with the annular shell, the inner ring is in contact with the annular gear but not connected with the annular gear, and the region between the annular shell and the annular gear is sealed from the front end;
the driving gear is meshed with the annular gear and can drive the annular gear to rotate between the annular outer shell and the annular inner shell;
the ground breaking knife is welded and fixed on the ring gear.
6. The construction process according to claim 5, wherein at least one circle of ball grooves are formed in the inner wall of the annular shell and/or the outer wall of the annular gear, and anti-friction balls are embedded in the ball grooves.
7. The construction process according to claim 5, wherein: the annular inner shell is formed with cylindrical gear groove radially inwards, and the gear groove forms an opening in annular inner shell edge, drive gear sets up in the gear groove to at the opening part with the ring gear meshing.
8. The construction process according to claim 5, wherein: annular inner shell is radially inwards formed with a plurality of location chambeies, and location ball has been placed to the location intracavity, and location ball is contradicted with dilatory tub outer wall in the construction.
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