CN114109123A - Construction method of chimney barrel body - Google Patents
Construction method of chimney barrel body Download PDFInfo
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- CN114109123A CN114109123A CN202111633872.8A CN202111633872A CN114109123A CN 114109123 A CN114109123 A CN 114109123A CN 202111633872 A CN202111633872 A CN 202111633872A CN 114109123 A CN114109123 A CN 114109123A
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Classifications
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04H—BUILDINGS OR LIKE STRUCTURES FOR PARTICULAR PURPOSES; SWIMMING OR SPLASH BATHS OR POOLS; MASTS; FENCING; TENTS OR CANOPIES, IN GENERAL
- E04H12/00—Towers; Masts or poles; Chimney stacks; Water-towers; Methods of erecting such structures
- E04H12/28—Chimney stacks, e.g. free-standing, or similar ducts
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04G—SCAFFOLDING; FORMS; SHUTTERING; BUILDING IMPLEMENTS OR AIDS, OR THEIR USE; HANDLING BUILDING MATERIALS ON THE SITE; REPAIRING, BREAKING-UP OR OTHER WORK ON EXISTING BUILDINGS
- E04G11/00—Forms, shutterings, or falsework for making walls, floors, ceilings, or roofs
- E04G11/06—Forms, shutterings, or falsework for making walls, floors, ceilings, or roofs for walls, e.g. curved end panels for wall shutterings; filler elements for wall shutterings; shutterings for vertical ducts
- E04G11/20—Movable forms; Movable forms for moulding cylindrical, conical or hyperbolical structures; Templates serving as forms for positioning blocks or the like
- E04G11/28—Climbing forms, i.e. forms which are not in contact with the poured concrete during lifting from layer to layer and which are anchored in the hardened concrete
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04G—SCAFFOLDING; FORMS; SHUTTERING; BUILDING IMPLEMENTS OR AIDS, OR THEIR USE; HANDLING BUILDING MATERIALS ON THE SITE; REPAIRING, BREAKING-UP OR OTHER WORK ON EXISTING BUILDINGS
- E04G21/00—Preparing, conveying, or working-up building materials or building elements in situ; Other devices or measures for constructional work
- E04G21/02—Conveying or working-up concrete or similar masses able to be heaped or cast
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04G—SCAFFOLDING; FORMS; SHUTTERING; BUILDING IMPLEMENTS OR AIDS, OR THEIR USE; HANDLING BUILDING MATERIALS ON THE SITE; REPAIRING, BREAKING-UP OR OTHER WORK ON EXISTING BUILDINGS
- E04G21/00—Preparing, conveying, or working-up building materials or building elements in situ; Other devices or measures for constructional work
- E04G21/02—Conveying or working-up concrete or similar masses able to be heaped or cast
- E04G21/04—Devices for both conveying and distributing
- E04G21/0481—Concrete chutes
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04G—SCAFFOLDING; FORMS; SHUTTERING; BUILDING IMPLEMENTS OR AIDS, OR THEIR USE; HANDLING BUILDING MATERIALS ON THE SITE; REPAIRING, BREAKING-UP OR OTHER WORK ON EXISTING BUILDINGS
- E04G21/00—Preparing, conveying, or working-up building materials or building elements in situ; Other devices or measures for constructional work
- E04G21/02—Conveying or working-up concrete or similar masses able to be heaped or cast
- E04G21/06—Solidifying concrete, e.g. by application of vacuum before hardening
- E04G21/08—Internal vibrators, e.g. needle vibrators
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04G—SCAFFOLDING; FORMS; SHUTTERING; BUILDING IMPLEMENTS OR AIDS, OR THEIR USE; HANDLING BUILDING MATERIALS ON THE SITE; REPAIRING, BREAKING-UP OR OTHER WORK ON EXISTING BUILDINGS
- E04G3/00—Scaffolds essentially supported by building constructions, e.g. adjustable in height
- E04G3/28—Mobile scaffolds; Scaffolds with mobile platforms
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04G—SCAFFOLDING; FORMS; SHUTTERING; BUILDING IMPLEMENTS OR AIDS, OR THEIR USE; HANDLING BUILDING MATERIALS ON THE SITE; REPAIRING, BREAKING-UP OR OTHER WORK ON EXISTING BUILDINGS
- E04G3/00—Scaffolds essentially supported by building constructions, e.g. adjustable in height
- E04G3/28—Mobile scaffolds; Scaffolds with mobile platforms
- E04G3/30—Mobile scaffolds; Scaffolds with mobile platforms suspended by flexible supporting elements, e.g. cables
- E04G3/32—Hoisting devices; Safety devices
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04G—SCAFFOLDING; FORMS; SHUTTERING; BUILDING IMPLEMENTS OR AIDS, OR THEIR USE; HANDLING BUILDING MATERIALS ON THE SITE; REPAIRING, BREAKING-UP OR OTHER WORK ON EXISTING BUILDINGS
- E04G3/00—Scaffolds essentially supported by building constructions, e.g. adjustable in height
- E04G3/28—Mobile scaffolds; Scaffolds with mobile platforms
- E04G2003/286—Mobile scaffolds; Scaffolds with mobile platforms mobile vertically
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Forms Removed On Construction Sites Or Auxiliary Members Thereof (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a construction method of a chimney barrel, which comprises the following steps of installing a vertical derrick and an operation platform → installing an inner formwork → binding vertical reinforcing steel bars → binding circumferential reinforcing steel bars → installing an outer formwork → pouring concrete (1.25m) → dismantling the inner and outer formworks → lifting the platform to (n +1.25m) → cleaning and brushing oil → installing an (n +1) inner formwork section → fixing an inner formwork support → adjusting radius → binding annular steel bars → installing an outer formwork → correcting radius and wall thickness → outer hoop binding → pouring (n +1) concrete section → the circulation → lining masonry → accessory installation → dismantling of a lifting system. The invention adopts a vertical derrick displacement type template construction process, and an operation platform mainly comprises a vertical derrick and an operation platform. The construction height of concrete of each mould in the construction of the cylinder is 1250mm, and the construction height of the concrete in one day is 1800mm on average.
Description
Technical Field
The invention particularly relates to a construction method of a chimney barrel.
Background
And (3) exceeding the regulation of a subsection project range with large risk in a certain scale, various tool type template projects: the project comprising a sliding mode, a creeping formwork, a flying formwork, a tunnel formwork and the like needs to compile a special safety scheme and perform expert demonstration. The barrel body construction of the invention is similar to creeping formwork operation, and the construction danger level is I level.
The displacement type template in construction comprises a displacement type outer template and a displacement type inner template. The inner formwork is turned over in two layers, and the connecting bolts are screwed down when the movable outer formwork is assembled. The external mold is a circle of shaping template, two contracting and separating templates are arranged for contracting and separating, 5 steel ropes (or round steel) are arranged to be bound by surrounding hoops after the external template is installed, the lowest steel rope is used for ensuring that the concrete of the cylinder wall is well jointed, the round steel surrounding hoops are adopted, the diameter is gradually tightened and reduced in the lifting process, and when the contracting and separating templates cannot continue to be changed in diameter, one shaping template is removed, and the lifting is continued.
The vertical derrick is 1.2m by 1.2m in cross section, the vertical derrick vertical rods are made of angle steel L75 by 8, the cross rods are made of angle steel L50 by 5, and the inclined rods are made of angle steel L63 by 6. The pole setting connecting piece reinforcement adopts L100 8 angle steel, and every single section of stand is 2500mm long, and both ends and centre all set up horizontal pull rod, establish oblique pull rod in every section, connect between the member and all adopt the bolt to add locking pad.
The operation platform adopts a radiation-shaped and hanging-type structure. The structural principle is that 4 ring beams are made of 12 channel steel, and 18 12 channel steel radiation beams are connected with the ring beams. Before the operation platform is installed, scaffolds are erected, the number of various parts is checked, and the sizes of various rod pieces are adjusted and processed. The installation sequence of the operating platform comprises the steps of firstly installing an inner bearing ring beam, a middle bearing ring beam and an outer bearing ring beam, then installing a radiation steel beam, paving a plank, hanging an inner hanging bracket and an outer hanging bracket, and arranging a safety net, then hanging the operating platform on a vertical derrick by using a chain crane, wherein the included angle between the chain crane and the vertical derrick is guaranteed to be within the range of 30-40 degrees, the operating platform is mainly made of materials, the bearing ring beam is made of a channel steel [12 ], the radiation beam is made of a channel steel [12 ], and the thickness of the wood plank is guaranteed to be more than 30 mm. The platform is hung on a derrick by 20 lever hoists with rated lifting capacity of 3t through steel wire ropes, the specification of the steel wire ropes is 6 x 37, the diameter of the steel wire ropes is 11mm, the tensile strength is 1550MPa, and the breaking tension is not less than 67.5 kN. Two layers of hangers are arranged inside and outside the cylinder wall below the platform for formwork supporting operation.
The construction difficulty of the scheme is that the operation height is high, and the weight of the operation platform is large. The key point is to ensure the stable structure of the vertical derrick, the safe lifting of the operation platform and the quality of the reinforced concrete structure of the cylinder body to meet the requirements.
Disclosure of Invention
The purpose of the invention is as follows: in order to solve the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a construction method of a chimney barrel body.
The technical scheme is as follows: the construction method of the chimney barrel body comprises the following steps of installing a vertical derrick and an operation platform → installing an inner formwork → binding vertical steel bars → binding circumferential steel bars → installing an outer formwork → pouring concrete (1.25m) → dismantling the inner formwork → lifting the platform to (n +1.25m) → cleaning and brushing oil → installing a (n +1) inner mould section → fixing an inner mould support → adjusting a radius → binding ring bars → installing an outer formwork → correcting a radius and wall thickness → outer hoop binding → pouring (n +1) concrete section → circulation → lining masonry → accessory installation → lifting system dismantling;
the vertical derrick and the operating platform are installed:
(1) a vertical derrick foundation: the vertical shaft foundation is arranged on a concrete foundation bottom plate of the chimney, the vertical shaft frame adopts 4 legs at the bottom to be fixed by steel plates with the thickness of 10mm and the thickness of 400 x 400mm respectively, each steel plate is fixed by 4M 20 expansion bolts, and foundation grouting is carried out after the fixation is finished to the thickness of 50 mm;
(2) the frame body is connected: the vertical derrick is formed by splicing angle steels with different sizes;
the vertical derrick has the section size of 1.2m by 1.2m, the vertical derrick uprights adopt angle steel L75 by 8, the cross rods adopt angle steel L50 by 5, and the diagonal rods adopt angle steel L63 by 6; the vertical rod connecting piece reinforcing piece adopts L75 × 8 angle steel, each single section of the vertical column is 2500mm long, horizontal pull rods are arranged at two ends and in the middle of the vertical column, a diagonal pull rod is arranged in each section, all the members are connected by bolts and anti-loosening pads, and the first installation height of the vertical derrick cannot exceed 15 m;
(3) supporting and installing a vertical derrick:
in order to ensure the integral stability of the vertical derrick, 4 groups of phi 48 x 3.0 steel pipes are arranged every 10m of the vertical derrick to be cross-shaped to a jacking device and fixed at a bracket on the cylinder wall, and the jacking device is tightened by an adjustable bracket;
(4) and (3) lifting the vertical derrick:
the vertical rod, the horizontal rod and the diagonal draw bar of the vertical derrick are transported to a mounting position through a suspension cage, and the vertical derrick is mounted in sections according to the sequence of firstly mounting the vertical rod and then mounting the horizontal rod and the diagonal draw bar. The vertical derrick is lifted upwards by adopting a climbing person, the climbing person is lifted by ropes one by one to install the vertical derrick, the verticality installation is required to be firm in the process, and the installation person is required to hang a safety belt;
after each section of the vertical derrick is installed, the verticality needs to be corrected, bolts need to be screwed, the torque is not less than 89kN m, and an auxiliary slide way pipe, an upper pulley, a lower pulley, a feeding mast, a construction outer ladder and the like are installed along with the section of the vertical derrick every time the vertical derrick is installed, so that the construction requirement is met;
in order to prevent the vertical derrick from being struck by lightning, two (temporary) lightning rods are arranged at the top end of the vertical derrick, and the lightning rods are connected with a lightning down conductor arranged in the cylinder wall into a whole and connected to a permanent grounding electrode.
As an optimization: the displacement type formwork comprises a displacement type outer formwork and a displacement type inner formwork in construction, the inner formwork is turned over by adopting a two-layer formwork, a single-layer inner formwork is fixed by a lower split screw rod, an upper telescopic square pipe support rod supports, the inner formwork is connected and hung on a platform, the inner formwork cannot be randomly thrown and thrown, welded or deformed formworks cannot be used for assembling the formworks, connecting bolts must be screwed down when the displacement type outer formwork is assembled, the outer formwork is a circle of forming formwork, two collecting and separating formworks are arranged for collecting and separating, 5 steel cable surrounding hoops are arranged for binding after the outer formwork is installed, the lowest steel cable surrounding hoops are used for ensuring that a concrete cylinder wall is well connected, round steel surrounding hoops are adopted, the diameter is gradually tightened and reduced in the lifting process, and when the collecting and separating formworks cannot be continuously collected and reduced, one forming formwork is removed, and lifting is continued.
Has the advantages that: the invention adopts a vertical derrick displacement type template construction process, and an operation platform mainly comprises a vertical derrick and an operation platform. The construction height of concrete of each mould in the construction of the cylinder is 1250mm, and the construction height of the concrete in one day is 1800mm on average. The movable external template is made of a plurality of cold-rolled plates with certain specifications (the thickness of the cold-rolled plate is 3mm), and the movable external template is assembled into an integral template according to construction requirements. The inner template is assembled by a plurality of single shaping templates according to the requirement of the formwork support. After the first layer of concrete is poured, the outer formwork is lifted by an operation platform (the platform is lifted by a certain number of lever blocks which are hung on the vertical derrick and are uniformly arranged), and the formwork is moved to the construction position of the next layer of cylinder wall (the lifting height of the platform is about 1500 mm). After the inner formworks (pressed one by one) are installed one layer for a circle, the square steel pipe is utilized, and the other side of the inner formworks is supported on the vertical derrick. And (5) continuously pouring concrete, binding reinforcing steel bars and installing templates along with the rising of the construction platform, and performing the reciprocating and circulating construction until the construction reaches the design height.
The vertical transportation of the barrel construction adopts a vertical derrick, a suspension cage and a mast on a construction platform (the mast is mainly used for hoisting reinforcing steel bars). The lining construction is carried out after the barrel is completely constructed. The aviation mark paint is coated by hanging a hanging basket.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a vertical mast and an operating platform of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below so that those skilled in the art can better understand the advantages and features of the present invention, and thus the scope of the present invention will be more clearly defined. The embodiments described herein are only a few embodiments of the present invention, rather than all embodiments, and all other embodiments that can be derived by one of ordinary skill in the art without inventive faculty based on the embodiments described herein are intended to fall within the scope of the present invention.
Examples
The displacement type template comprises a displacement type outer template and a displacement type inner template, and connecting bolts must be screwed when the displacement type outer template is assembled. The connection of the templates is carried out in sections, and the templates cannot be integrated at one time, so that deformation or safety accidents are prevented when the templates move, and each section formed by the connection is about 5 meters, and the templates are fixed when standing against a construction position. When the hoisting points are connected into a whole for construction, safety inspection is carried out on the hoisting points, and connection can be carried out without errors. The inner formworks adopt a mode of turning over the two layers of formworks, the fixing mode of the single-layer inner formwork is a lower part split screw, an upper telescopic square pipe support rod props, and the inner formworks are connected and hung on the platform. The inner template can not be thrown randomly, and the welded or deformed template can not be used for assembling the template. The external mold is a circle of shaping mold plate, two collecting and separating mold plates are arranged for collecting and separating, 5 steel rope hoops are arranged for binding after the external mold plate is installed, and the lowest steel rope hoops are arranged for ensuring that concrete on the cylinder wall is well jointed, and a special device is arranged for tightly enclosing by adopting round steel hoops. After the concrete is poured, after the concrete meets the requirement of form removal strength, loosening the fastened hoops, and naturally dispersing the template without damaging the concrete surface of the cylinder wall; and after the integral formwork of the outer formwork is dismantled, lifting the outer formwork to the next mounting position by using a 3t chain block hung on the platform radiation beam to prepare for lower formwork assembly.
After the outer formwork is installed, 5 steel cable hoops are arranged for binding, the lowest steel cable hoop is used for ensuring that concrete on the cylinder wall is well jointed, round steel hoops are adopted, the diameter is gradually tightened and reduced in the lifting process, and when the contraction and separation formwork cannot be continuously reduced, one shaping formwork is removed and the lifting is continued.
The displacement type template in the construction of the invention comprises a displacement type outer template and a displacement type inner template. When the movable external template is assembled, the connecting bolts must be screwed down.
The vertical derrick has the cross section size of 1.2m by 1.2m, the vertical derrick uprights adopt angle steel L75 by 8, the cross rods adopt angle steel L50 by 5, and the inclined rods adopt angle steel L63 by 6. The pole setting connecting piece reinforcement adopts L100 8 angle steel, and every single section of stand is 2500mm long, and both ends and centre all set up horizontal pull rod, establish oblique pull rod in every section, connect between the member and all adopt the bolt to add locking pad. The first installation height of the vertical derrick must not exceed 15 m. The vertical rods, the horizontal rods and the diagonal draw bars of the vertical derrick are transported to the installation position through a suspension cage. The vertical derrick is installed in sections according to the sequence of installing the vertical rod first and then installing the horizontal rod and the diagonal draw bar. And after each section of the vertical derrick is installed, correcting the verticality and then screwing the bolts. When the vertical derrick is installed at each step, the auxiliary slide way pipe, the upper and lower pulleys, the feeding mast, the construction outer crawling ladder and the like are installed along with the vertical derrick to meet construction requirements. In order to ensure the integral stability of the vertical derrick, 4 groups of phi 48X 3.0 steel pipes are arranged at every 10m of the vertical derrick to form a cross shape for the supporting device, and the supporting device is fixed at a bracket on the cylinder wall. In order to prevent the vertical derrick from being struck by lightning, two (temporary) lightning rods are arranged at the top end of the vertical derrick, and the lightning rods are connected with a lightning down conductor arranged in the cylinder wall into a whole and connected to a permanent grounding electrode.
The operating platform adopts a radiation-shaped and hanging-type structure. The structure principle is that a radial beam is mainly made of 12 channel steel, a ring beam at the lower part of the channel steel adopts phi 25 steel bars with the space of 2000mm (no less than 3 channels), and the upper part of the channel steel adopts phi 12 steel bars with the space of 300 mm. Before the operation platform is installed, scaffolds are erected, the number of various parts is checked, and the sizes of various rod pieces are adjusted and processed. The installation sequence of the operating platform is as follows: installing a radiation steel beam, installing a lower ring beam and an upper ring beam, installing a multilayer board (18mm in thickness), hanging an inner hanger and an outer hanger, arranging a safety net, then hanging an operating platform on a vertical derrick by using a chain crane, ensuring that the included angle between the chain crane and the vertical derrick is within the range of 30-40 degrees, mainly using materials for the operating platform, selecting a phi 25 steel bar for the bearing ring beam, selecting a channel steel [12 ] for the radiation beam, and ensuring the thickness of the multilayer board to be more than 18 mm. The platform is hung on a derrick by 20 lever hoists with rated lifting capacity of 3t through steel wire ropes, the specification of the steel wire ropes is 6 x 37, the diameter of the steel wire ropes is 11mm, the tensile strength is 1550MPa, and the breaking tension is not less than 67.5 kN. Two layers of hangers are arranged inside and outside the cylinder wall below the platform for formwork supporting operation.
A hanging fence (a hanging rod on the hanging is formed by bending 16-diameter round steel, the hanging height is 2.5m, and the width is 0.5 m) is arranged on the periphery of the outer side of the platform, the hanging fence is hung on a radiation beam of the platform, and a wood springboard (the specification of the springboard is 3m long multiplied by 0.2m wide multiplied by 0.05m thick) is paved between the hanging fences.
The material of the invention is vertically transported and provided with a suspension cage (3m multiplied by 0.9m multiplied by 0.8m), the top of the suspension cage is provided with a falling device and is lifted by 15 tons of winches, the hoisting steel wire rope is selected from the steel wire ropes with the specification of 6 x 37, the diameter of 19.5mm, the tensile strength of 1850Mpa and the total breaking tension of not less than 261kN, and the steel bar is lifted by a mast on a platform (3 tons of winches).
The section of the vertical derrick and the operating platform in the invention is shown in figure 1.
The process flow of the invention is as follows: installing a vertical derrick and an operation platform → installing an inner formwork → binding vertical reinforcing steel → binding circumferential reinforcing steel → installing an outer formwork → pouring concrete (1.25m) → dismantling the inner formwork → lifting the platform to (n +1.25m) → cleaning oil brush → installing an (n +1) inner formwork section → fixing an inner formwork support → adjusting a radius → binding a circumferential reinforcement → installing an outer formwork → correcting a radius and a wall thickness → binding an outer circumferential hoop → pouring (n +1) concrete section → the previous cycle → lining masonry → accessory installation → dismantling of a lifting system.
1 vertical derrick and operating platform installation
(1) A vertical derrick foundation: the shaft foundation is arranged on a concrete foundation bottom plate of the chimney, the vertical derrick is fixed by 4 legs at the bottom respectively by steel plates with the thickness of 10mm and the thickness of 400 x 400mm, and each steel plate is fixed by 4M 20 expansion bolts. And after the fixation is finished, foundation grouting is carried out for 50mm in thickness.
(2) The frame body is connected: the vertical derrick is formed by splicing angle steels with different sizes:
the vertical derrick has the cross section size of 1.2m by 1.2m, the vertical derrick uprights adopt angle steel L75 by 8, the cross rods adopt angle steel L50 by 5, and the inclined rods adopt angle steel L63 by 6. The pole setting connecting piece reinforcement adopts L75 8 angle steel, and every single section of stand is 2500mm long, and both ends and centre all set up horizontal pull rod, establish the diagonal draw pole in every section, connect between the member and all adopt the bolt to add the locking pad. The first installation height of the vertical derrick must not exceed 15 m.
(3) Vertical derrick support and installation
In order to ensure the integral stability of the vertical derrick, 4 groups of phi 48X 3.0 steel pipes are arranged at every 10m of the vertical derrick to form a cross shape for the supporting device, and the supporting device is fixed at a bracket on the cylinder wall. The top support is tightened by an adjustable bracket.
(4) Raising of vertical derrick
The vertical rods, the horizontal rods and the diagonal draw bars of the vertical derrick are transported to the installation position through a suspension cage. The vertical derrick is installed in sections according to the sequence of installing the vertical rod first and then installing the horizontal rod and the diagonal draw bar. The vertical derrick is lifted upwards by adopting a climbing person, the lifting is carried out in a mode of lifting one vertical derrick by one rope, and the verticality installation is firm in the process. The installer should hang the safety belt.
After each section of the vertical derrick is installed, perpendicularity is corrected, and bolts are screwed down (the torque is not less than 89kN m). When the vertical derrick is installed at each step, the auxiliary slide way pipe, the upper and lower pulleys, the feeding mast, the construction outer crawling ladder and the like are installed along with the vertical derrick to meet construction requirements.
In order to prevent the vertical derrick from being struck by lightning, two (temporary) lightning rods are arranged at the top end of the vertical derrick, and the lightning rods are connected with a lightning down conductor arranged in the cylinder wall into a whole and connected to a permanent grounding electrode.
2 lifting of the operating platform
A commander is arranged on the platform and is responsible for lifting the platform. The lifting of the hand-board hoist needs to be carried out one by one, the lifting height of each single hand-moving hoist does not exceed 300mm, and after the hand-moving hoist is operated, the hand-moving hoist with the symmetrical plane needs to be lifted. The entire lift is performed uniformly. During the lifting process of the platform, construction materials are not required to be placed on the platform so as to prevent the platform from being lifted and deformed. Before the platform is lifted, whether the steel rope contact is safe or not needs to be checked.
In the lifting process, the lever block of the operating platform is controlled by personnel distribution. The platform is lifted upwards by one person issuing orders and operating the lever block together. When the hand-operated hoist is lifted to be incapable of being adjusted, one hoist is released in sequence, and the hoist suspension point is lifted upwards to be fixed and tensioned. Then, a repeated operation is carried out to achieve the purpose of integral lifting.
Platform lifting is prohibited in windy days above six levels.
If the hand-operated hoist is insensitive and does not work and the wire of the steel wire rope is broken, the hand-operated hoist needs to be replaced in time in the lifting process. The platform is lifted 1.25 meters at a time.
And in the process of lifting the platform operating platform, the diameter of the upper part is smaller and smaller. The operation hanging bracket moves inwards in the falling ring through the artificial ring beam, the operation hanging bracket moves by about 3-5cm every day, and when the platform is lifted to a certain degree, redundant radiation beam structures need to be cut off. When the radiant beam is cut, the radiant beam is prevented from falling, and the cutting part needs to be perforated manually and tied and hung on a platform by a rope.
3 vertical transport
A suspension cage (3m multiplied by 0.9m multiplied by 0.8m) is arranged for vertical transportation of materials, and a falling device is arranged at the top of the suspension cage and is lifted by 1 winch with 5 tons.
The steel bars are hoisted by a mast on the platform (1.5 ton hoist). The mast is arranged on the ring beam inside the radiant beam.
Constructors reach the construction platform through the vertical ladder.
4 lifting of the shuttering
The displacement type template in construction comprises a displacement type outer template and a displacement type inner template. The inner formworks adopt a mode of turning over the two layers of formworks, the fixing mode of the single-layer inner formwork is a lower part split screw, an upper telescopic square pipe support rod props, and the inner formworks are connected and hung on the platform. The inner template can not be thrown randomly, and the welded or deformed template can not be used for assembling the template. When the movable external template is assembled, the connecting bolts must be screwed down. The outer mould is a circle of sizing mould plate, two collecting and separating mould plates are arranged for collecting and separating, 5 steel cable hoops are arranged for binding after the outer mould plate is installed, the lowest steel cable hoop is adopted for ensuring that concrete on the cylinder wall is well jointed, the diameter is gradually tightened and reduced in the lifting process, and when the collecting and separating mould plates cannot be continuously collected and separated and reduced in diameter, one sizing mould plate is removed, and lifting is continuously carried out.
Construction of 5 Steel Reinforcement engineering
And (4) manufacturing the steel bars according to the construction drawing, and transporting the manufactured steel bars to a construction site for classified storage according to the construction requirements of the cylinder wall. The following regulations should be met during steel bar binding:
the steel bars are bound and connected, the lapping length of the steel bars meets the design requirement of a drawing, and binding wires are used for binding the middle and two ends of the joint; when vertical steel bars are bound, the thickness of the steel bar protective layer is maintained by applying a steel bar support frame, and the deviation of the steel bar protective layer is not more than +8 and-5; the steel bar joints are arranged in a staggered mode, and the number of the lap joints in any lap joint surface is not more than 25% of the total number of the steel bars; the longitudinal steel bars should be evenly arranged along the cylinder wall. When the diameter or the number of the longitudinal steel bars is changed, the longitudinal steel bars are uniformly distributed in the whole circumference of the cylinder wall.
6 manufacture and installation of embedded part
The manufacture of the embedded part is required according to the design rule of a drawing. The installation model and the position of the embedded part must be accurate, and the position deviation of the embedded part should not be more than 20 mm. And (3) fixing the embedded part, namely welding short steel bars with the steel bars on the cylinder wall, wherein the welding is firm and does not protrude out of the surface of the template. After the template is removed, the concrete on the surface of the embedded part is removed immediately to expose the embedded part, and the embedded part is well protected from corrosion.
7 construction of concrete works
The concrete is commercial concrete. A winch and a suspension cage are matched on site.
(1) Quality control of materials used in chimney wall concrete
The materials are strictly closed, the raw materials are inspected in a mixing concrete mixing plant regularly, the raw materials are inspected by an inspection laboratory, and the materials can be used after the raw materials are qualified. And after the material is qualified, providing the concrete mixing ratio by a qualified testing unit.
The materials inspection sample must be notified to the proctorial, owner, and party to the portfolio. The choice of construction material must meet both owner and regulatory requirements.
The cement is ordinary Portland cement or Portland slag cement with the strength grade not lower than 42.5Mpa, wherein the cement has factory certification (including three-day and twenty-eight-day strength factory inspection reports), and the production place and the brand must be agreed by supervision and owners.
The stone for concrete adopts hard crushed stone which is not weathered, preferably crushed stone such as basalt, amphibole, granite and the like, and limestone, the aggregate does not contain metal minerals, mica, sulfide and sulfate compounds, the maximum grain diameter does not exceed one fifth of the thickness of the cylinder wall, three quarters of the distance between reinforcing steel bars, and the maximum grain diameter does not exceed 60 mm. The sand used by the concrete is pure and compact medium-coarse natural river sand.
The cement entering the field needs to be checked and the date of delivery, the cement is forbidden to use when the cement is out of date, and the cement which has entered the field needs to be enhanced to be kept and is forbidden to be affected with damp.
(2) Quality assurance measure for chimney wall concrete
The supplied commercial concrete must be constructed strictly according to the national standard, regulation and operating rules. And carrying out spot check on the regular commercial mixing station. The concrete is ensured to be mixed and stirred strictly according to a mixing ratio notice. And (5) strictly closing the metering, and checking the metering accuracy of the automatic feeding table at any time. Calculating the weight of various materials required by each tank according to the weight ratio according to the concrete matching ratio, blanking according to the weight ratio, controlling the concrete slump to be about 58cm, adopting a field stirring scheme of a forced stirrer, wherein the stirring time is not less than 3 minutes, and the transportation process is not more than 40 minutes.
The concrete strength must be tested, each work class must take a group (three in each group) of test blocks, the test blocks must be filled and molded when concrete is poured into the template, and the test blocks are respectively tested for 3 days and 28 days.
(3) Pouring of concrete
Before concrete pouring, preparing work is done; a feeding chute is arranged at a feeding hole of the chimney, the inclination angle of the chute is larger than 450, the lower end of the chute is directly opposite to a feeding cage, and the chute can be made of steel plates.
After the template is installed, whether the center, the level, the radius, the wall thickness and the like of the template are correct or not and whether the node installation is firm or not are checked;
when concrete is poured, the concrete is uniformly layered along the circumference of the cylinder wall, the pouring thickness of each layer is 250-350 mm, the interval time of each layer of pouring is not more than the initial setting time of the concrete, and when the interval time exceeds, the butt joint parts are treated according to the requirements of construction joints;
when concrete is poured, the pouring direction is symmetrically changed, and the initial pouring points of the concrete of two adjacent sections of cylinder walls are staggered from 1/4 circumferences, so that the template is prevented from inclining to one direction;
and after each section of concrete is poured, removing floating slurry on the upper surface of the concrete, roughening the upper surface of the concrete before installing the template, and removing concrete residues.
Each concrete pouring is a continuous construction process, and the normal supply of a power supply must be ensured in the construction process so as to ensure the construction quality during concrete pouring and the safety of the approach of operators, and if power failure occurs, the operators must be informed and known in advance.
1. Vibration of concrete
When the concrete is vibrated, the vibrator cannot contact the reinforcing steel bars and the template;
the vibrator should be inserted into the previous layer of concrete, but the depth should not exceed 50 mm;
and the vibration leakage or the over-vibration cannot be caused.
2. Retention of concrete test block
And (3) reserving 1 group of concrete test blocks every 10m of the height of the cylinder according to the construction specification requirement, (when the poured concrete exceeds 100m3, reserving one group of test blocks) for reserving the reserved concrete test blocks, delivering the reserved concrete test blocks to a standard curing room for standard curing after the form removal on the next day, and paying attention to prevent the corner angles of the test blocks from being damaged during carrying.
3. Removing and cleaning of formwork
The early strength of the concrete is measured, and when the concrete reaches the form removal strength (0.8Mpa), the form removal work can be carried out. The formwork of the project is dismantled according to the sequence of an inner formwork and an outer formwork, two sections of inner formworks are alternately used, when the formwork is dismantled, from one point, supports are dismantled, hoop reinforcing steel bars are loosened, a clip pin is dismantled, the inner formworks are dismantled according to a certain sequence, and the inner formworks are hooked by a phi 15 coir rope and then are moved to a construction platform. Loosening the fastening steel rope from the outer mold, and lifting the steel rope to the next formwork supporting position by using a chain block; when the formwork is dismantled, the poured concrete is guaranteed to reach the formwork removal strength, and meanwhile, the concrete on the cylinder wall is not damaged.
The cleaning work of the template is responsible for a specially-assigned person. Cleaning concrete on the surface of the template by using a lime cutter, wiping the concrete by using a mop, finishing the deformed part of the wing edge, wiping a release agent (waste engine oil cannot be used) by using cotton sand, and stacking the cotton sand for later use in a classified manner. And (4) cleaning and coating a release agent on each section of template according to requirements, and installing the template after the template is qualified by a quality worker.
8 platform, ladder installation
The steel platform is manufactured by accurate size of each component, and the components are pre-assembled on the ground and painted with numbers. The blind tenon installation of the triangular support needs to achieve accurate elevation, plane position and direction, the upper blind tenon and the lower blind tenon are perpendicular, and the blind tenons and the reinforcing steel bars can be welded and fixed for facilitating the triangular support installation.
And after the blind tenon on the lower side of the tripod is demoulded, cleaning surface cement paste, trial assembling bolts, mounting the tripod in an inverted mode after sliding through the lower layer hanger frame for about 250-300 mm, mounting an upper bolt by turning the inverted tripod with a reinforcing steel bar hook after the blind tenon on the upper end slides through the lower layer hanger frame, laying a platform board, mounting a fence when the platform board is 1200 mm away from the bottom of the hanging fence, and properly protecting the blind tenon thread from fouling. In order to ensure the accurate position of the embedded part of the metal ladder stand and facilitate installation, the transverse blind tenon can be welded on a-40 multiplied by 4 flat iron and fixed with an electric welding and a reinforcing steel bar, the position is ensured to be accurate during welding, a wire weight can be used for alignment, a bolt hole is filled with oiled paper to prevent concrete grout from being poured in, and after the bolt is demoulded, the position is found out and the bolt is tried.
Below 45.00m platform, the spiral ladder is manufactured on the ground in sections, the spiral ladder is firstly hung to the operating platform through a deflector rod in a section-by-section installation mode along with the lifting of the operating platform, then the spiral ladder is placed to the installation position, a falling-prevention steel wire rope needs to be arranged during the placement, and the upper end of the steel wire rope is tied to the platform radiation beam. The vertical ladder with the length of more than 45.00m can be assembled on an upper operation platform in sections, each section is 2.5m in length, the vertical ladder is hung from a manhole of the platform to a corresponding position to be fixed, and an operator needs to fasten a safety belt during installation.
9 inside lining masonry
(1) Masonry operation platform
The lining is built and constructed after the barrel construction is finished by adopting a movable hanging scaffold, the form of the hanging scaffold is the same as that of a barrel construction platform, only the external part of the barrel is omitted, the diameter of the hanging scaffold is 350mm smaller than the diameter of the lining, and 12 hand-operated chain blocks (3.0T) are used as a lifting system for lifting and descending the platform. The derrick during the construction of the chimney barrel body is used as a loading system for loading and taking people,
(2) inner lining and heat insulation layer
1. The simple structure is divided into three layers of reinforced concrete simple wall, heat insulating layer and lining
2. The heat insulating layer is made of hydrophobic perlite, the heat conductivity coefficient is less than or equal to 0.070+0.0001T (w/m.k,
3. the inner lining is built by clay refractory bricks and acid-resistant mortar or acid-resistant daub, and is constructed by adopting an extrusion method;
1) acid-resistant daub heat resistance is more than 250 ℃, bonding strength P1.5MPo, acid resistance: soaking in 40% H.SO solution for 30 days, or soaking in 40% H at 80 deg.C; the strength of the S04 solution is reduced by less than 10 percent in 15 days, the anti-permeability performance is good, and abnormal phenomena such as corrosion, cracks, expansion, peeling and the like are not allowed on the appearance;
2) the strength grade of the clay refractory brick is not less than MU10, the specification is 230X114X65mm,
the thermal conductivity coefficient is less than 0.93+0.0006T, (w/m.k), and abnormal phenomena such as cracks, expansion, peeling and the like are not allowed on the appearance. Acid-resistant asbestos or acid-resistant silicon rubber is selected for filling the stone wool filling part at each node of the lining, and household acid-resistant asbestos or acid-resistant silicon rubber is filled between the cast iron cover plate at the top end of the cigarette and the lining.
(3) Masonry construction scheme of lining brick
The lining wall body is built by adopting clay refractory bricks and acid-resistant mortar or acid-resistant cement as a lining, and is constructed by adopting an extrusion method; in order to ensure that the heat insulation thickness meets the design requirement, when the heat insulation is built, transverse top bricks are arranged every 5m, one end of each transverse top brick is propped against the inner wall of the barrel body, the other end of each transverse top brick is built in the wall body, and the heat insulation material is arranged on each heat insulation wall with the height of 500 mm. The top of each section of inner lining wall adopts 1: 2 cement mortar (5% of waterproof agent is mixed in) is used as a rigid waterproof layer to prevent condensed water from permeating into the heat insulation layer.
(4) Along with the lifting of the operation platform and the continuous reduction of the diameter of the cylinder wall, the edge of the platform is gradually close to the cylinder wall, so that edge steel plates are required to be continuously removed, the edge beam is cut to be short, and the bearing steel ring at the edge is removed to meet the construction requirement, so that the safety factor is fully considered during manufacturing, and the construction safety is ensured. This was continued until the liner was topped.
Claims (2)
1. A construction method of a chimney barrel body is characterized in that: installing a vertical derrick and an operation platform → installing an inner template → binding vertical steel bars → binding circumferential steel bars → installing an outer template → pouring concrete (1.25m) → dismantling the inner and outer templates → lifting the platform to (n +1.25m) → cleaning oil brush → installing an inner mold of the (n +1) section → fixing an inner mold support → adjusting the radius → binding the circumferential steel bars → installing the outer template → correcting the radius and the wall thickness → binding an outer hoop → pouring (n +1) section concrete → the circulation → lining construction → accessory installation → dismantling of the lifting system;
the vertical derrick and the operating platform are installed:
(1) a vertical derrick foundation: the vertical shaft foundation is arranged on a concrete foundation bottom plate of the chimney, the vertical shaft frame adopts 4 legs at the bottom to be fixed by steel plates with the thickness of 10mm and the thickness of 400 x 400mm respectively, each steel plate is fixed by 4M 20 expansion bolts, and foundation grouting is carried out after the fixation is finished to the thickness of 50 mm;
(2) the frame body is connected: the vertical derrick is formed by splicing angle steels with different sizes;
the vertical derrick has the section size of 1.2m by 1.2m, the vertical derrick uprights adopt angle steel L75 by 8, the cross rods adopt angle steel L50 by 5, and the diagonal rods adopt angle steel L63 by 6; the vertical rod connecting piece reinforcing piece adopts L75 × 8 angle steel, each single section of the vertical column is 2500mm long, horizontal pull rods are arranged at two ends and in the middle of the vertical column, a diagonal pull rod is arranged in each section, all the members are connected by bolts and anti-loosening pads, and the first installation height of the vertical derrick cannot exceed 15 m;
(3) supporting and installing a vertical derrick:
in order to ensure the integral stability of the vertical derrick, 4 groups of phi 48 x 3.0 steel pipes are arranged every 10m of the vertical derrick to be cross-shaped to a jacking device and fixed at a bracket on the cylinder wall, and the jacking device is tightened by an adjustable bracket;
(4) and (3) lifting the vertical derrick:
the vertical rod, the horizontal rod and the diagonal draw bar of the vertical derrick are transported to a mounting position through a suspension cage, and the vertical derrick is mounted in sections according to the sequence of firstly mounting the vertical rod and then mounting the horizontal rod and the diagonal draw bar. The vertical derrick is lifted upwards by adopting a climbing person, the climbing person is lifted by ropes one by one to install the vertical derrick, the verticality installation is required to be firm in the process, and the installation person is required to hang a safety belt;
after each section of the vertical derrick is installed, the verticality needs to be corrected, bolts need to be screwed, the torque is not less than 89kN m, and an auxiliary slide way pipe, an upper pulley, a lower pulley, a feeding mast, a construction outer ladder and the like are installed along with the section of the vertical derrick every time the vertical derrick is installed, so that the construction requirement is met;
in order to prevent the vertical derrick from being struck by lightning, two (temporary) lightning rods are arranged at the top end of the vertical derrick, and the lightning rods are connected with a lightning down conductor arranged in the cylinder wall into a whole and connected to a permanent grounding electrode.
2. The method of constructing a chimney shaft according to claim 1, characterized in that: the displacement type formwork comprises a displacement type outer formwork and a displacement type inner formwork in construction, the inner formwork is turned over by adopting a two-layer formwork, a single-layer inner formwork is fixed by a lower split screw rod, an upper telescopic square pipe support rod supports, the inner formwork is connected and hung on a platform, the inner formwork cannot be randomly thrown and thrown, welded or deformed formworks cannot be used for assembling the formworks, connecting bolts must be screwed down when the displacement type outer formwork is assembled, the outer formwork is a circle of forming formwork, two collecting and separating formworks are arranged for collecting and separating, 5 steel cable surrounding hoops are arranged for binding after the outer formwork is installed, the lowest steel cable surrounding hoops are used for ensuring that a concrete cylinder wall is well connected, round steel surrounding hoops are adopted, the diameter is gradually tightened and reduced in the lifting process, and when the collecting and separating formworks cannot be continuously collected and reduced, one forming formwork is removed, and lifting is continued.
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN115198880A (en) * | 2022-07-14 | 2022-10-18 | 中国十九冶集团有限公司 | Construction method of inverted cone round barrel concrete structure |
| CN117627342A (en) * | 2024-01-26 | 2024-03-01 | 山西一建集团有限公司 | Chimney lining construction mold turning inner formwork construction platform and construction method |
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| CN102535843A (en) * | 2011-12-16 | 2012-07-04 | 马鞍山钢铁建设集团有限公司 | Construction method of circular reinforced concrete chimney cylinder wall and hydraulic sliding mould device |
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| CN113090019A (en) * | 2021-04-29 | 2021-07-09 | 江苏中南建筑产业集团有限责任公司 | Construction method and construction device for high-rise structure |
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| RU2209282C1 (en) * | 2001-10-30 | 2003-07-27 | Открытое акционерное общество "Спецжелезобетонстрой" | Method of repair and reconstruction of tall chimneys and partial disassembly of shaft during their reconstruction |
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| CN117627342A (en) * | 2024-01-26 | 2024-03-01 | 山西一建集团有限公司 | Chimney lining construction mold turning inner formwork construction platform and construction method |
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