CN114107783A - High-strength stainless steel fastener and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
High-strength stainless steel fastener and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN114107783A CN114107783A CN202010868838.8A CN202010868838A CN114107783A CN 114107783 A CN114107783 A CN 114107783A CN 202010868838 A CN202010868838 A CN 202010868838A CN 114107783 A CN114107783 A CN 114107783A
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- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 29
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 29
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title abstract description 12
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 53
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 claims description 31
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 30
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 claims description 26
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 24
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 24
- MUBZPKHOEPUJKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Oxalic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C(O)=O MUBZPKHOEPUJKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000002161 passivation Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000005098 hot rolling Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000011265 semifinished product Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000005496 tempering Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric acid Chemical compound O[N+]([O-])=O GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910017604 nitric acid Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000005498 polishing Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000000171 quenching effect Effects 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000000137 annealing Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000008139 complexing agent Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000006408 oxalic acid Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920000515 polycarbonate Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000004417 polycarbonate Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000008234 soft water Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000008267 milk Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 210000004080 milk Anatomy 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000013336 milk Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- CWQXQMHSOZUFJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N molybdenum disulfide Chemical compound S=[Mo]=S CWQXQMHSOZUFJS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052982 molybdenum disulfide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010079 rubber tapping Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005461 lubrication Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 abstract description 12
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 abstract description 12
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 abstract description 7
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000010923 batch production Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000005242 forging Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000005554 pickling Methods 0.000 description 9
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000003801 milling Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000376 reactant Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000005422 blasting Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229910000851 Alloy steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000975 Carbon steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010962 carbon steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012937 correction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001039 duplex stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005485 electric heating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001105 martensitic stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007517 polishing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/02—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing silicon
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23P—METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; COMBINED OPERATIONS; UNIVERSAL MACHINE TOOLS
- B23P15/00—Making specific metal objects by operations not covered by a single other subclass or a group in this subclass
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/001—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing N
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/04—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing manganese
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/42—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with copper
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/44—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with molybdenum or tungsten
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16B—DEVICES FOR FASTENING OR SECURING CONSTRUCTIONAL ELEMENTS OR MACHINE PARTS TOGETHER, e.g. NAILS, BOLTS, CIRCLIPS, CLAMPS, CLIPS OR WEDGES; JOINTS OR JOINTING
- F16B35/00—Screw-bolts; Stay-bolts; Screw-threaded studs; Screws; Set screws
Abstract
The invention provides a high-strength stainless steel fastener and a preparation method thereof, wherein the fastener comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 0.05 to 0.19 percent of C, less than or equal to 1.0 percent of Si, less than or equal to 1.0 percent of Mn, less than or equal to 0.080 percent of P, less than or equal to 0.010 percent of S, 13.00 to 15 percent of Cr, 1.5 to 2.2 percent of Ni, less than or equal to 0.15 percent of Mo, less than or equal to 0.25 percent of Cu, and less than or equal to 0.010 percent of N. The fastener provided by the invention has the advantages of high strength, stable elastic forging performance, no tripping, anti-lock, hydrogen embrittlement resistance and corrosion resistance, is an ideal fastener for power transmission and transformation projects, and meanwhile, the production method provided by the invention can realize batch production and is simple in process, so that a new way is explored for producing the high-strength stainless steel fastener for power transmission and transformation by using a new material.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of power transmission and transformation engineering materials, in particular to a high-strength stainless steel fastener and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The fastening piece used in power transmission and transformation engineering is mostly made of carbon steel or low alloy steel materials, the power transmission and transformation engineering is in the field with severe environment, and is exposed in the air all the year round, and is easy to oxidize and corrode due to wind, sunlight and rain, so that the problems of high maintenance cost and short service life are caused, the high-strength stainless steel fastening piece for the power transmission and transformation engineering produced by using the high-strength stainless steel can solve the problem, and the service life of a neutral salt spray test shows that the service life of the fastening piece can reach 500 years.
In order to solve the problems that the current power transmission and transformation fasteners are not corrosion-resistant, easy to oxidize and short in service life, stainless steel materials are generally considered, but the current universal stainless steel fasteners such as 304 and 316 are low in strength and high in price and cannot be popularized and used in power transmission and transformation engineering; the martensitic stainless steel is easy to crack and difficult to process; duplex stainless steel is expensive. It is therefore desirable to provide a new fastener that replaces the existing fasteners.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the shortcomings of the prior art, the invention aims to provide a high-strength stainless steel fastener and a preparation method thereof, wherein the fastener has high strength, good toughness storage, corrosion resistance and simple production method.
The purpose of the invention is realized by adopting the following technical scheme:
the invention provides a high-strength stainless steel fastener, which is improved in that the fastener comprises the following components in percentage by mass:
C:0.05～0.19％，Si:≤1.0％，Mn≤1.0％，P≤0.080％，S≤0.010％，Cr:13.00～15％，Ni:1.5～2.2％，Mo≤0.15％，Cu≤0.25％，N≤0.010％。
preferably, the fastener comprises the following components in percentage by mass:
C:0.15％，Si:0.44％，Mn:0.48％，P:0.05974％，S:0.00053％，Cr:13.51％，Ni:1.83％，Cu：0.01％，N≤0.010％。
the invention provides a preparation method for a high-strength stainless steel fastener, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step (1), hot rolling and upsetting: carrying out hot rolling treatment on the material, annealing and straightening the hot-rolled material, carrying out acid washing on the annealed and straightened material, and then carrying out hot heading or cold heading on the material to prepare a semi-finished product of the bolt and the nut;
tempering: quenching and tempering the semi-finished product obtained in the step (1);
and (3): carrying out acid washing or grinding treatment on the semi-finished product obtained in the step (2);
and (4): turning the hot-headed fastener;
step (5), silk making: rolling or rolling threads on the bolt semi-finished product obtained in the step (4), and tapping the nut semi-finished product obtained in the step (3);
and (6) passivating: passivating the semi-finished product in the step (5) by using passivating solution and a coordination agent;
and (7): and (5) inspecting a finished product.
Preferably, the hot heading comprises:
and (3) after the material after acid washing is subjected to drawing polishing blanking treatment, heating the blanking section, and then thermally upsetting the material of the blanking section into a semi-finished product of the bolt and the nut.
Preferably, the cold heading comprises:
and (3) after the material after acid washing is subjected to polishing treatment, cold heading the material into a finished product of the bolt and the nut.
Preferably, the fastener is 12.9-grade, and the following processes are sequentially carried out:
hot rolling and upsetting, turning the turned and hot-upset fastener, making wire, quenching and tempering, carrying out acid washing or grinding treatment, passivating and inspecting a finished product.
Preferably, the acid washing in the step (1) comprises:
immersing in a solution of 30% sulfuric acid, 5% nitric acid and 65% water at normal temperature for 15-50 seconds, and then cleaning the surface with water.
Furthermore, the purity of the sulfuric acid is more than or equal to 98 percent, and the purity of the nitric acid is more than or equal to 96 percent.
Further, the polishing treatment comprises polycarbonate powder or oxalic acid lubrication.
Preferably, the lubricant for hot upsetting the die in the hot upsetting of the step (2) is mixture of graphite milk and molybdenum disulfide milk.
Preferably, the step (3) is performed by grinding with a weak acid.
Preferably, the step (6) comprises:
immersing the threaded bolt and nut in a stainless iron passivation solution ID 400015-30 minutes at the temperature of 80 +/-5 ℃, then soaking the threaded bolt and nut in a stainless iron complexing agent ID4000A, heating to 65 +/-5 ℃, soaking for 10-15 minutes, then washing with water, then soaking in soft water with the chloride ion content of less than 25ppm for 1-3 minutes, and then drying.
Compared with the closest prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1) the preparation method for the high-strength stainless steel fastener provided by the invention is simple in process, can be used for batch production, and explores a new way for producing the high-strength stainless steel fastener for power transmission and transformation by using a new material;
(2) the high-strength stainless steel fastener provided by the invention can be used in power transmission and transformation projects, the service life of the power transmission and transformation projects can be greatly prolonged, the design life is prolonged to 500 years at present by 50 years, the maintenance cost is saved, the comprehensive cost is reduced, the environment is protected, and no pollution is caused, so that the high-strength stainless steel fastener is a great benefit for the nation and the people;
(3) the high-strength stainless steel fastener provided by the invention has the advantages of high strength, good toughness reserve, stable elastic forging performance, no tripping, anti-lock, hydrogen embrittlement resistance and safe metallographic structure, and is an ideal fastener for the current power transmission and transformation engineering.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a production process of hot heading 6.8-10.9-grade bolts in the preparation method of the high-strength stainless steel fastener provided by the invention;
FIG. 2 is a flow chart of a hot-heading 12.9-grade bolt production process in the preparation method of the high-strength stainless steel fastener provided by the invention;
FIG. 3 is a flow chart of a cold heading bolt production process in the preparation method for the high-strength stainless steel fastener provided by the invention;
FIG. 4 is a flow chart of a process for producing a hot-headed nut used in a method for producing a high-strength stainless steel fastener according to the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a flow chart of a cold heading nut production process in the preparation method of the high-strength stainless steel fastener provided by the invention.
Detailed Description
The following describes embodiments of the present invention in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Example 1
The invention provides a preparation method of a high-strength stainless steel fastener, which comprises the following components in percentage by mass:
C:0.05～0.19％，Si:≤1.0％，Mn≤1.0％，P≤0.080％，S≤0.010％，Cr:13.00～15％，Ni:1.5～2.2％，Mo≤0.15％，Cu≤0.25％，N≤0.010％。
in the most preferred embodiment of the invention, the fastener comprises the following components in percentage by mass:
C:0.15％，Si:0.44％，Mn:0.48％，P:0.05974％，S:0.00053％，Cr:13.51％，Ni:1.83％，Cu：0.01％，N≤0.010％。
example 2
Based on the same inventive concept, the invention provides a hot heading production method of a 6.8-10.9-grade bolt for a high-strength stainless steel fastener, as shown in figure 1, the production method of the bolt comprises the following steps:
step 2-A hot rolling and drawing: carrying out hot rolling treatment on the material, annealing the hot-rolled material, straightening and pickling and passivating the annealed material, polishing the pickled material, and carrying out polishing blanking on the polished material recently, wherein the material is blanked to form a flat end face at one end, a chamfer at the other end, and a central hole is punched at the chamfered end;
step 2-B hot heading: heating the material of the blanking section obtained in the step 2-A, then hot-heading into a bolt and turning hexagonal fins;
step 2-C thermal refining: quenching and tempering the bolt obtained in the step 2-B;
step 2-D acid washing or grinding: performing shot blasting, acid pickling passivation or grinding passivation on the bolt obtained in the step 2-C;
step 2-E, turning the pitch diameter: turning the intermediate diameter of the bolt obtained in the step 2-D to a required size;
step 2-F, silk making: step 2-E, performing thread rolling or thread rolling on the obtained bolt, and processing a thread part;
step 2-G passivation: 2-F, passivating the bolt subjected to wire making by using a passivation solution and a coordination agent;
step 2-H finished product inspection: and (5) checking the appearance, the dimensional precision, the mechanical property and the corrosion resistance of the bolt obtained in the step (2-G) to finally obtain a finished product.
In the most preferred embodiment of the present invention, the acid washing treatment in step 2-a comprises:
and (3) putting the annealed material into a solution of 30% sulfuric acid, 5% nitric acid and 65% water, soaking at normal temperature for 15-50 seconds, taking the material workpiece out of a pickling tank, and quickly washing black reactants on the surface of the workpiece by using a high-pressure water gun.
Specifically, the purity of the sulfuric acid is more than or equal to 98 percent, and the purity of the nitric acid is more than or equal to 96 percent.
In the most preferred embodiment of the present invention, the step 2-A is lubricated by polycarbonate powder or oxalic acid.
In the most preferred embodiment of the invention, the step 2-B mixes the graphite emulsion and the molybdenum disulfide emulsion as the lubricant of the hot heading die during hot heading.
In the most preferred embodiment of the present invention, the step 2-D employs weak acid milling.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the steps 2-G comprise:
and (3) soaking the screw bolt subjected to wire making in the step (2-F) in a stainless iron passivation solution ID4000 at the temperature of 80 +/-5 ℃ for 15-30 minutes, then soaking the screw bolt in a stainless iron complexing agent ID4000A, heating to 65 +/-5 ℃, soaking for 10-15 minutes, finally taking out, washing with clear water and drying.
Specifically, before drying, the method further comprises the following steps: and soaking the bolt in soft water with the chloride ion content of less than 25ppm for 1-3 minutes, and then drying.
Example 3
Based on the same inventive concept, the invention provides a hot heading production method of a 12.9-grade bolt for a high-strength stainless steel fastener, which comprises the following steps of:
step 3-a, hot rolling and drawing: carrying out hot rolling treatment on the material, annealing the hot-rolled material, straightening and pickling and passivating the annealed material, polishing the pickled material, and carrying out polishing blanking on the polished material recently, wherein the material is blanked to form a flat end face at one end, a chamfer at the other end, and a central hole is punched at the chamfered end;
step 3-b hot heading: heating the material of the blanking section obtained in the step 3-a, then hot heading into a bolt and cutting hexagonal fins;
step 3-c, turning the pitch diameter: turning the intermediate diameter of the bolt obtained in the step 3-b to a required size;
step 3-d, silk making: 3-c, rolling or rolling the screw thread of the bolt obtained in the step (3) to process a screw thread part;
step 3-e thermal refining: quenching and tempering the bolt obtained in the step 3-d;
step 3-f acid washing or grinding: performing shot blasting, acid pickling passivation or grinding passivation on the bolt obtained in the step 3-e;
step 3-g passivation: passivating the bolt subjected to wire making in the step 3-f by using a passivating solution and a coordination agent;
step 3-h, finished product inspection: and (5) checking the appearance, the dimensional precision, the mechanical property and the corrosion resistance of the bolt obtained in the step 3-g to finally obtain a finished product.
In the most preferred embodiment of the present invention, the acid washing treatment in step 3-a comprises:
and (3) putting the annealed material into a solution of 30% sulfuric acid, 5% nitric acid and 65% water, soaking at normal temperature for 15-50 seconds, taking the material workpiece out of a pickling tank, and quickly washing black reactants on the surface of the workpiece by using a high-pressure water gun.
Specifically, the purity of the sulfuric acid is more than or equal to 98 percent, and the purity of the nitric acid is more than or equal to 96 percent.
In the most preferred embodiment of the present invention, the polycarbonate powder or oxalic acid is lubricated during the polishing process of step 3-a.
In the most preferred embodiment of the invention, the step 3-b mixes the graphite emulsion and the molybdenum disulfide emulsion as the lubricant of the hot heading die during hot heading.
In the most preferred embodiment of the present invention, the step 3-f employs weak acid milling.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, said steps 3-g comprise:
and (4) soaking the cleaned or ground bolt in the stainless iron passivation solution ID4000 at the temperature of 80 +/-5 ℃ for 15-30 minutes, soaking the bolt in a stainless iron complexing agent ID4000A, heating to 65 +/-5 ℃, soaking for 10-15 minutes, taking out, washing with clear water, and drying.
Specifically, before drying, the method further comprises the following steps: and soaking the bolt in soft water with the chloride ion content of less than 25ppm for 1-3 minutes, and then drying.
Example 4
Based on the same inventive concept, the invention provides a cold heading production method of a bolt for a high-strength stainless steel fastener, which comprises the following steps of:
step 4-A, hot rolling and drawing: carrying out hot rolling treatment on the material, annealing the hot-rolled material, straightening, pickling and passivating the annealed material, and recently, carrying out drawing polishing on the material;
step 4-B cold heading: cold heading the blanking section obtained in the step 4-A into a bolt;
step 4-C, silk making: step 4-B, thread rolling is carried out on the obtained bolt, and a thread part is processed;
step 4-D thermal refining: quenching and tempering the bolt obtained in the step 4-C;
step 4-E acid washing or grinding: carrying out acid washing or grinding treatment on the bolt obtained in the step 4-D;
step 4-F passivation: 4-E, passivating the bolt subjected to wire making by using a passivation solution and a coordination agent;
step 4-G, finished product inspection: and (4) checking the appearance, the dimensional precision, the mechanical property and the corrosion resistance of the bolt obtained in the step (4-F) to finally obtain a finished product.
In the most preferred embodiment of the present invention, the acid washing treatment in the step 4-a comprises:
and (3) putting the annealed material into a solution of 30% sulfuric acid, 5% nitric acid and 65% water, soaking at normal temperature for 15-50 seconds, taking the material workpiece out of a pickling tank, and quickly washing black reactants on the surface of the workpiece by using a high-pressure water gun.
Specifically, the purity of the sulfuric acid is more than or equal to 98 percent, and the purity of the nitric acid is more than or equal to 96 percent.
In the most preferred embodiment of the present invention, the step 4-a is lubricated by polycarbonate powder or oxalic acid.
In the most preferred embodiment of the present invention, the step 4-E employs weak acid milling.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the step 4-F comprises:
and (3) soaking the bolt acid-washed or ground in the step (4-E) into a stainless iron passivation solution ID4000 at the temperature of 80 +/-5 ℃ for 15-30 minutes, then soaking the bolt into a stainless iron complexing agent ID4000A, heating to 65 +/-5 ℃, soaking for 10-15 minutes, finally taking out, washing with clear water and drying.
Specifically, before drying, the method further comprises the following steps: and soaking the bolt in soft water with the chloride ion content of less than 25ppm for 1-3 minutes, and then drying.
Example 5
The invention provides a hot heading production method of a nut for a high-strength stainless steel fastener based on the same inventive concept, which is the same as the hot heading production method of a 12.9-grade bolt, as shown in fig. 4.
Example 6
Based on the same inventive concept, the invention provides a cold heading production method of a nut for a high-strength stainless steel fastener, which comprises the following steps of:
step 6-A hot rolling and drawing: carrying out hot rolling treatment on the material, annealing the hot-rolled material, straightening the annealed material, polishing the straightened material, and carrying out drawing polishing blanking on the polished material;
step 6-B hot heading: cold heading the material of the blanking section obtained in the step 6-A into a nut shape;
step 6-C, thermal refining: quenching and tempering the nut obtained in the step 6-B;
step 6-D acid washing or grinding: performing shot blasting, acid cleaning passivation or grinding passivation on the nut obtained in the step 6-C;
step 6-E pressure supporting: carrying out pressure supporting treatment on the nut obtained in the step 6-D;
step 6-F, silk making: step 6-E, tapping the nut to process a screw thread part;
step 6-G passivation: 6-F, passivating the nut after the wire is manufactured by using a passivating solution and a coordination agent;
step 6-H finished product inspection: and (5) checking the appearance, the dimensional precision, the mechanical property and the corrosion resistance of the nut obtained in the step 6-G to finally obtain a finished product.
In the most preferred embodiment of the present invention, the acid washing treatment in step 6-A comprises:
and (3) putting the annealed material into a solution of 30% sulfuric acid, 5% nitric acid and 65% water, soaking at normal temperature for 15-50 seconds, taking the material workpiece out of a pickling tank, and quickly washing black reactants on the surface of the workpiece by using a high-pressure water gun.
Specifically, the purity of the sulfuric acid is more than or equal to 98 percent, and the purity of the nitric acid is more than or equal to 96 percent.
In the most preferred embodiment of the present invention, the step 6-A is lubricated by polycarbonate powder or oxalic acid.
In the most preferred embodiment of the present invention, the step 6-D employs weak acid milling.
In the preferred embodiment of the present invention, the step 6-G comprises:
and (3) soaking the bolt subjected to wire making in the step 6-F in a stainless iron passivation solution ID4000 at the temperature of 80 +/-5 ℃ for 15-30 minutes, then soaking the bolt in a stainless iron complexing agent ID4000A, heating to 65 +/-5 ℃, soaking for 10-15 minutes, finally taking out, washing with clear water and drying.
Specifically, before drying, the method further comprises the following steps: and soaking the bolt in soft water with the chloride ion content of less than 25ppm for 1-3 minutes, and then drying.
Hardening and tempering in examples 2-6 were performed according to the specifications in Table 1
TABLE 1 quenching and tempering Process Table of the invention
Wherein, the quenching and tempering heat preservation time calculation formula in the box type electric heating furnace is as follows:
the quenching preheating and heat preservation time t of the 10.9-grade bolt is 2.5 (heating coefficient) multiplied by D multiplied by K (minutes);
the quenching heat preservation time t of bolts of 8.8 grades, 9.8 grades, 10.9 grades and 12.9 grades is 2.5 (heating coefficient) multiplied by DxK (minutes);
the tempering heat preservation time t of the bolts of 6.8, 8.8, 9.8, 10.9 and 12.9 grades is 4.5 (heating coefficient) multiplied by D +15 (minutes).
Annealing process in examples 2-6:
annealing temperature: 720 ℃, heat preservation time: t is 5.0 (heating coefficient) × D × K (min), cooling method: air cooling; d, effective thickness or diameter (mm) K of the workpiece, and charging and discharging correction coefficients (refer to a table 2);
TABLE 2 charging and discharging coefficients
If heated in a salt bath furnace, the time required should be reduced by one fifth compared to the box furnace heating time.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention and not for limiting the same, and although the present invention is described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that: modifications and equivalents may be made to the embodiments of the invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, which is to be covered by the claims.
Claims (12)
1. A high-strength stainless steel fastener is characterized by comprising the following components in percentage by mass:
C:0.05～0.19％，Si:≤1.0％，Mn≤1.0％，P≤0.080％，S≤0.010％，Cr:13.00～15％，Ni:1.5～2.2％，Mo≤0.15％，Cu≤0.25％，N≤0.010％。
2. the fastener of claim 1, wherein the fastener comprises the following components in weight percent:
C:0.15％，Si:0.44％，Mn:0.48％，P:0.05974％，S:0.00053％，Cr:13.51％，Ni:1.83％，Cu：0.01％，N≤0.010％。
3. a method of making a fastener as claimed in claims 1-2, characterized in that the method of making the fastener comprises:
step (1), hot rolling and upsetting: carrying out hot rolling treatment on the material, annealing and straightening the hot-rolled material, carrying out acid washing on the annealed and straightened material, and then carrying out hot heading or cold heading on the material to prepare a semi-finished product of the bolt and the nut;
tempering: quenching and tempering the semi-finished product obtained in the step (1);
and (3): carrying out acid washing or grinding treatment on the semi-finished product obtained in the step (2);
and (4): turning the hot-headed fastener;
step (5), silk making: rolling or rolling threads on the bolt semi-finished product obtained in the step (4), and tapping the nut semi-finished product obtained in the step (3);
and (6) passivating: passivating the semi-finished product in the step (5) by using passivating solution and a coordination agent;
and (7): and (5) inspecting a finished product.
4. The method of claim 3, wherein the hot heading comprises:
and (3) after the material after acid washing is subjected to drawing polishing blanking treatment, heating the blanking section, and then thermally upsetting the material of the blanking section into a semi-finished product of the bolt and the nut.
5. The method of claim 3, wherein the cold heading comprises:
and (3) after the material after acid washing is subjected to polishing treatment, cold heading the material into a finished product of the bolt and the nut.
6. The method of claim 3, wherein the fastener is a 12.9 grade, sequentially:
hot rolling and upsetting, turning the turned and hot-upset fastener, making wire, quenching and tempering, carrying out acid washing or grinding treatment, passivating and inspecting a finished product.
7. The method of claim 3, wherein the acid washing in step (1) comprises:
immersing in a solution of 30% sulfuric acid, 5% nitric acid and 65% water at normal temperature for 15-50 seconds, and then cleaning the surface with water.
8. The method of claim 7, wherein the sulfuric acid has a purity of 98% or more and the nitric acid has a purity of 96% or more.
9. The method of claim 4, wherein the draw finishing comprises polycarbonate powder or oxalic acid lubrication.
10. The method as claimed in claim 3, wherein the lubricant for hot heading the die at the time of hot heading of step (2) is a mixture of graphite milk and molybdenum disulfide milk.
11. The method of claim 3, wherein step (3) is performed using a weak acid.
12. The method of claim 3, wherein the step (6) comprises:
immersing the threaded bolt and nut in a stainless iron passivation solution ID 400015-30 minutes at the temperature of 80 +/-5 ℃, then soaking the threaded bolt and nut in a stainless iron complexing agent ID4000A, heating to 65 +/-5 ℃, soaking for 10-15 minutes, then washing with water, then soaking in soft water with the chloride ion content of less than 25ppm for 1-3 minutes, and then drying.
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| CN111020401A (en) * | 2018-10-09 | 2020-04-17 | 中国电力科学研究院有限公司 | Stainless steel for power transmission and transformation engineering and production method thereof |
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| CN103862229A (en) * | 2012-12-13 | 2014-06-18 | 宁波金鹏高强度紧固件有限公司 | Automobile steering device auxiliary frame connecting bolt processing technology |
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