CN114107631A - Ferrite-austenite duplex stainless steel heat treatment method - Google Patents
Ferrite-austenite duplex stainless steel heat treatment method Download PDFInfo
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- CN114107631A CN114107631A CN202111345771.0A CN202111345771A CN114107631A CN 114107631 A CN114107631 A CN 114107631A CN 202111345771 A CN202111345771 A CN 202111345771A CN 114107631 A CN114107631 A CN 114107631A
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- 229910001039 duplex stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 45
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
- 229910001566 austenite Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 16
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000010587 phase diagram Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 abstract description 17
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 abstract description 13
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 abstract description 13
- 229910000859 α-Fe Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 12
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 6
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 10
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 9
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 4
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000005275 alloying Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Molybdenum Chemical compound [Mo] ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000963 austenitic stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000765 intermetallic Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001247 metal acetylides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011733 molybdenum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000004767 nitrides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000010287 polarization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 description 1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D6/00—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys
- C21D6/004—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys containing Cr and Ni
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D6/00—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys
- C21D6/005—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys containing Mn
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D6/00—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys
- C21D6/008—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys containing Si
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/001—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing N
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/02—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing silicon
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/04—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing manganese
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/44—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with molybdenum or tungsten
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F30/00—Computer-aided design [CAD]
- G06F30/20—Design optimisation, verification or simulation
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G16—INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR SPECIFIC APPLICATION FIELDS
- G16C—COMPUTATIONAL CHEMISTRY; CHEMOINFORMATICS; COMPUTATIONAL MATERIALS SCIENCE
- G16C20/00—Chemoinformatics, i.e. ICT specially adapted for the handling of physicochemical or structural data of chemical particles, elements, compounds or mixtures
- G16C20/20—Identification of molecular entities, parts thereof or of chemical compositions
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G16—INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGY [ICT] SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR SPECIFIC APPLICATION FIELDS
- G16C—COMPUTATIONAL CHEMISTRY; CHEMOINFORMATICS; COMPUTATIONAL MATERIALS SCIENCE
- G16C60/00—Computational materials science, i.e. ICT specially adapted for investigating the physical or chemical properties of materials or phenomena associated with their design, synthesis, processing, characterisation or utilisation
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F2119/00—Details relating to the type or aim of the analysis or the optimisation
- G06F2119/08—Thermal analysis or thermal optimisation
Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of heat treatment of stainless steel, and particularly relates to a heat treatment method of ferrite-austenite duplex stainless steel. The invention comprises the following steps: step A, calculating an equilibrium state phase diagram of the duplex stainless steel by using Thermo-Calc thermodynamic calculation software to obtain the temperature of the duplex stainless steel with the ratio of two phases being 1: 1; step B, calculating a continuous cooling transformation curve (CCT curve) and a precipitated phase temperature transformation curve (TTT curve) of the duplex stainless steel by using JPatpro to obtain a cooling speed without a precipitated phase; step C, heating the sample to the temperature calculated in the step A, and preserving heat for 1-1.5 h; and D, performing water cooling according to the cooling speed calculated in the step B. The invention obtains the optimal ferrite and austenite phase proportion by reasonably designing the heat treatment process, reasonably designs the cooling speed of heat treatment and hot working, and avoids the precipitation of harmful phases, thereby improving the mechanical property and the corrosion resistance.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of heat treatment of stainless steel, and particularly relates to a heat treatment method of ferrite-austenite duplex stainless steel.
Background
The ferritic-austenitic duplex stainless steel means a stainless steel whose structure is mainly composed of two phases of ferrite and austenite, and the content of the minor phase is at least 30%. By controlling the chemical components and the hot working process, the duplex stainless steel has the characteristics of excellent toughness and weldability of austenitic stainless steel and chloride stress corrosion resistance of ferritic stainless steel, and has higher strength. Is widely applied to the fields of marine oil and gas transportation, coal chemical industry and the like.
Due to the addition of large amounts of alloying elements, the stability of both the austenite and ferrite phases is affected, causing the precipitation of the second phase. The intermetallic phases in the 2507 duplex stainless steel are mainly sigma phase, chi phase, and R phase. These phases are brittle phases which affect the mechanical properties and the corrosion resistance of the steel and their precipitation is to be avoided as much as possible.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is as follows: provides a ferrite-austenite duplex stainless steel heat treatment method which can lead duplex stainless steel to have better impact toughness and corrosion performance.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows: the heat treatment method of the ferrite-austenite duplex stainless steel comprises the following components in percentage by weight: c: less than 0.08 percent; cr: 24% -26%; mn: less than or equal to 1.2 percent; mo: 3% -5%; ni: 6 to 8 percent; p: less than or equal to 0.035; s: < 0.02%; si: less than or equal to 0.8 percent; n: 0.24-0.32 percent of iron and the balance of iron;
the heat treatment method comprises the following steps:
step A, calculating an equilibrium state phase diagram of the duplex stainless steel by using Thermo-Calc thermodynamic calculation software to obtain the temperature of the duplex stainless steel with the ratio of two phases being 1: 1;
step B, calculating a continuous cooling transformation curve (CCT curve) and a precipitated phase temperature transformation curve (TTT curve) of the duplex stainless steel by using JPatpro to obtain a cooling speed without a precipitated phase;
step C, heating the sample to the temperature calculated in the step A, and preserving heat for 1-1.5 h;
and D, performing water cooling according to the cooling speed calculated in the step B.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the ratio of ferrite to austenite phases has a significant effect on the performance of duplex stainless steels. The control of the ratio of the two phases is directly related to the final performance properties of the material. It is desirable that the ratio of ferrite to austenite is close to 1:1, and when the ferrite content is more than 70%, the plasticity and corrosion resistance are reduced, and the hydrogen embrittlement sensitivity is increased; when the austenite content is more than 80%, stress corrosion resistance and strength are deteriorated.
In addition to the variation in the amount of the two phases of ferrite and austenite, the stability of the two phases of austenite and ferrite is affected by the addition of a large amount of alloying elements, causing the precipitation of the second phase. Precipitates in duplex stainless steels are mainly secondary austenite, carbides, nitrides and intermetallic phases. They have an important influence on the properties of the duplex stainless steel.
The intermetallic phases in the 2507 duplex stainless steel mainly include a phase, and chi phase and R phase are equal. These phases are brittle and their precipitation is to be avoided as much as possible. Among many intermetallic compounds, the sigma phase is a precipitation phase which is most harmful and affects the mechanical properties and corrosion resistance of steel, particularly 2507 duplex stainless steel has relatively high contents of chromium, molybdenum and nitrogen, the temperature range of sigma phase precipitation is wider, and the precipitation speed is faster.
The invention obtains the optimal ferrite and austenite phase proportion by reasonably designing the heat treatment process, reasonably designs the cooling speed of heat treatment and hot working, and avoids the precipitation of harmful phases, thereby improving the mechanical property and the corrosion resistance.
The production practice proves that: the duplex stainless steel produced by the invention has better impact toughness and corrosion performance, wherein the impact energy can reach 200-210J. The current density is 10 mu A/cm at 60 ℃ in a 20% NaCl solution test environment2The corresponding pitting potential can reach 1000-1100 mV.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a temperature-phase fraction relationship curve for a duplex stainless steel of example 1;
FIG. 2 is a CCT curve of the duplex stainless steel of example 1;
FIG. 3 is a TTT curve of the duplex stainless steel of example 1;
FIG. 4 is a metallographic structure diagram of a duplex stainless steel of example 1;
FIG. 5 is a potentiodynamic polarization curve of the duplex stainless steel of example 1;
FIG. 6 is a metallographic structure diagram of a duplex stainless steel of comparative example 1;
FIG. 7 is a metallographic structure diagram of a duplex stainless steel of comparative example 2;
fig. 8 is a metallographic structure diagram of a duplex stainless steel of comparative example 3.
Detailed Description
The following further illustrates embodiments of the invention by means of specific examples.
Example 1:
the steel grade 2507 duplex stainless steel comprises the following components in percentage by weight: c: 0.031%; cr: 25.37 percent; mn: 0.792%; mo: 3.58 percent; ni: 6.39 percent; p: 0.018%; s: < 0.001%; si: 0.469 percent; n: 0.285%, the balance being iron.
The heat treatment method comprises the following steps:
step A, calculating an equilibrium state phase diagram of 2507 duplex stainless steel by using Thermo-Calc thermodynamic calculation software, wherein the equilibrium state phase diagram is shown in figure 1, and the temperature is 1150 ℃ when the ratio of two phases is 1: 1;
step B, calculating a continuous cooling transformation curve (CCT curve, shown in figure 2) and a precipitation equal temperature transformation curve (TTT curve, shown in figure 3) of the duplex stainless steel by using JPatpro, and obtaining a cooling speed of no precipitation phase, which is more than 1000 ℃/min;
step C, heating the sample to the temperature calculated in the step A, and preserving heat for 1 h;
and D, performing water cooling according to the cooling speed calculated in the step B.
The structure obtained in example 1 was examined to have approximately 50% of austenite-ferrite phases each, as shown in fig. 4; impact toughness detection is carried out, and the impact energy at room temperature is 205J; detecting corrosion performance, performing experiment in 60 deg.C + 20% NaCl solution, and selecting current density of 10 μ A/cm2The corresponding potential was taken as the pitting potential, which was 1080mV, see FIG. 5.
Comparative example 1:
the steel grade 2507 duplex stainless steel comprises the following components in percentage by weight: c: 0.031%; cr: 25.37 percent; mn: 0.792%; mo: 3.58 percent; ni: 6.39 percent; p: 0.018%; s: < 0.001%; si: 0.469 percent; n: 0.285%, the balance being iron.
The heat treatment method comprises the following steps:
step A, calculating an equilibrium state phase diagram of 2507 duplex stainless steel by using Thermo-Calc thermodynamic calculation software, wherein the equilibrium state phase diagram is shown in figure 1, and the temperature is 1150 ℃ when the ratio of two phases is 1: 1;
step B, calculating a continuous cooling transformation curve (CCT curve, shown in figure 2) and a precipitation equal temperature transformation curve (TTT curve, shown in figure 3) of the duplex stainless steel by using JPatpro, and obtaining a cooling speed of no precipitation phase, which is more than 1000 ℃/min;
step C, heating the sample to 1050 ℃ (lower than the temperature calculated in the step A), and preserving heat for 1 h;
and D, performing water cooling according to the cooling speed calculated in the step B.
As a result of examination, the tissue obtained in comparative example 1 contained ferritinThe two phases of body-austenite are 46% and 54%, respectively, as shown in FIG. 6; carrying out impact toughness detection to obtain the impact energy at room temperature of 160J; detecting corrosion performance, performing experiment in 60 deg.C + 20% NaCl solution, and selecting current density of 10 μ A/cm2The corresponding potential is used as the pitting potential, and the pitting potential is 800 mV.
Comparative example 2:
the steel grade 2507 duplex stainless steel comprises the following components in percentage by weight: c: 0.031%; cr: 25.37 percent; mn: 0.792%; mo: 3.58 percent; ni: 6.39 percent; p: 0.018%; s: < 0.001%; si: 0.469 percent; n: 0.285%, the balance being iron.
The heat treatment method comprises the following steps:
step A, calculating an equilibrium state phase diagram of 2507 duplex stainless steel by using Thermo-Calc thermodynamic calculation software, wherein the equilibrium state phase diagram is shown in figure 1, and the temperature is 1150 ℃ when the ratio of two phases is 1: 1;
step B, calculating a continuous cooling transformation curve (CCT curve, shown in figure 2) and a precipitation equal temperature transformation curve (TTT curve, shown in figure 3) of the duplex stainless steel by using JPatpro, and obtaining a cooling speed of no precipitation phase, which is more than 1000 ℃/min;
step C, heating the sample to 1250 ℃ (higher than the temperature calculated in the step A), and preserving heat for 1 h;
and D, performing water cooling according to the cooling speed calculated in the step B.
The detection shows that the two phases of ferrite and austenite in the tissue obtained in comparative example 2 are respectively 62% and 38%, see fig. 7; impact toughness detection is carried out, and the impact energy at room temperature is 100J; detecting corrosion performance, performing experiment in 60 deg.C + 20% NaCl solution, and selecting current density of 10 μ A/cm2The corresponding potential is used as the pitting potential, and the pitting potential is 400 mV.
Comparative example 3:
the steel grade 2507 duplex stainless steel comprises the following components in percentage by weight: c: 0.031%; cr: 25.37 percent; mn: 0.792%; mo: 3.58 percent; ni: 6.39 percent; p: 0.018%; s: < 0.001%; si: 0.469 percent; n: 0.285%, the balance being iron.
The heat treatment method comprises the following steps:
step A, calculating an equilibrium state phase diagram of 2507 duplex stainless steel by using Thermo-Calc thermodynamic calculation software, wherein the equilibrium state phase diagram is shown in figure 1, and the temperature is 1150 ℃ when the ratio of two phases is 1: 1;
step B, calculating a continuous cooling transformation curve (CCT curve, shown in figure 2) and a precipitation equal temperature transformation curve (TTT curve, shown in figure 3) of the duplex stainless steel by using JPatpro, and obtaining a cooling speed of no precipitation phase, which is more than 1000 ℃/min;
step C, heating the sample to 1150 ℃ calculated in the step A, and preserving heat for 1 h;
and D, cooling at a cooling speed lower than that calculated in the step B, and air-cooling.
Through detection, a precipitated phase appears in the tissue obtained in the comparative example 3 except for ferrite and austenite phases (fig. 8); carrying out impact toughness detection to obtain the impact energy at room temperature of 20J; detecting corrosion performance, performing experiment in 60 deg.C + 20% NaCl solution, and selecting current density of 10 μ A/cm2The corresponding potential is used as the pitting potential, and the pitting potential is 100 mV.
Claims (1)
1. The heat treatment method of the ferrite-austenite duplex stainless steel is characterized in that: the duplex stainless steel comprises the following components in percentage by weight: c: less than 0.08 percent; cr: 24% -26%; mn: less than or equal to 1.2 percent; mo: 3% -5%; ni: 6 to 8 percent; p: less than or equal to 0.035; s: < 0.02%; si: less than or equal to 0.8 percent; n: 0.24-0.32 percent of iron and the balance of iron;
the heat treatment method comprises the following steps:
step A, calculating an equilibrium state phase diagram of the duplex stainless steel by using Thermo-Calc thermodynamic calculation software to obtain the temperature of the duplex stainless steel with the ratio of two phases being 1: 1;
step B, calculating a continuous cooling transformation curve and a precipitated phase temperature transformation curve of the duplex stainless steel by using JPatpro to obtain a cooling speed without producing a precipitated phase;
step C, heating the sample to the temperature calculated in the step A, and preserving heat for 1-1.5 h;
and D, performing water cooling according to the cooling speed calculated in the step B.
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115341159A (en) * | 2022-07-05 | 2022-11-15 | 钢铁研究总院有限公司 | Duplex stainless steel and preparation method thereof |
| CN116343964A (en) * | 2023-03-21 | 2023-06-27 | 哈尔滨理工大学 | Construction method of double-phase stainless steel viscosity constitutive model |
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| JP2003171743A (en) * | 2001-12-06 | 2003-06-20 | Aichi Steel Works Ltd | Duplex stainless steel having excellent strength, toughness and seawater resistance, and production method therefor |
| CN103526130A (en) * | 2013-10-23 | 2014-01-22 | 北京科技大学 | Processing method for direct cold rolling of two-phase stainless steel as-cast state billet steel after solid solution treatment |
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2021
- 2021-11-15 CN CN202111345771.0A patent/CN114107631A/en active Pending
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| JP2003171743A (en) * | 2001-12-06 | 2003-06-20 | Aichi Steel Works Ltd | Duplex stainless steel having excellent strength, toughness and seawater resistance, and production method therefor |
| CN103526130A (en) * | 2013-10-23 | 2014-01-22 | 北京科技大学 | Processing method for direct cold rolling of two-phase stainless steel as-cast state billet steel after solid solution treatment |
| CN106337105A (en) * | 2016-08-29 | 2017-01-18 | 中国科学院金属研究所 | Heat treatment method for antibacterial double-phase stainless steel material |
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| 白青青 等: "固溶处理温度对2507超级双相不锈钢相比例及力学性能的影响", 《金属热处理》 * |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115341159A (en) * | 2022-07-05 | 2022-11-15 | 钢铁研究总院有限公司 | Duplex stainless steel and preparation method thereof |
| CN115341159B (en) * | 2022-07-05 | 2023-08-29 | 钢铁研究总院有限公司 | Double-phase stainless steel and preparation method thereof |
| CN116343964A (en) * | 2023-03-21 | 2023-06-27 | 哈尔滨理工大学 | Construction method of double-phase stainless steel viscosity constitutive model |
| CN116343964B (en) * | 2023-03-21 | 2023-09-12 | 哈尔滨理工大学 | Construction method of double-phase stainless steel viscosity constitutive model |
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Application publication date: 20220301 |