CN114106423A - 一种耐热、耐寒的气室橡胶隔膜材料及其制备方法 - Google Patents
一种耐热、耐寒的气室橡胶隔膜材料及其制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种耐热、耐寒的气室橡胶隔膜材料及其制备方法，气室橡胶隔膜材料，包括以下重量份的原料：天然橡胶60‑70份、丁苯橡胶30‑40份、氧化锌4‑5份、硬脂酸1‑2份、防焦剂CTP 0.3‑0.5份、分散剂L‑24 1‑2份、葵二酸二辛脂6‑8份、硫磺0.6‑0.8份、复合防老剂4‑8份、复合炭黑65‑80份、复合促进剂3‑5份，本发明克服了现有技术的不足，解决了橡胶材料无法同时满足耐高温、耐低温、耐老化的问题。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及橡胶隔膜材料技术领域，具体属于一种耐热、耐寒的气室橡胶 隔膜材料及其制备方法。
背景技术
汽车制动气室橡胶隔膜，一种广泛用于各种类型重型汽车(载重货车、拖 车、客车、军用车等)制动系统、空气制动器中起密封、传递压力制动的关键 部件。通过橡胶隔膜位移增加气室压强，以张开刹车片，抱紧车轮，起到制动 效果，是关系到机毁人亡的橡胶制品，称安全元件。随着人们对汽车高速、舒 适、可靠性(安全)的要求越来越高，对汽车制动气室关键部件之一的橡胶隔 膜提出了更高的要求。
由于重型汽车的工作环境极其恶劣，经常在高温和低温环境中工作，这对 重型汽车制动气室橡胶隔膜材料的使用提出了新的要求，而且橡胶制品的老化 是橡胶材料应用中十分突出的问题，尤其是在高温的环境下，橡胶材料更加会 加速老化。部分重型汽车的制动系统安装在排气管附近，这要求橡胶隔膜长时 间处于80-100℃高温环境中工作，低温工作环境也要达到-40±1℃，而且现有的 橡胶材料难以同时满足这种技术要求，急需一种橡胶材料，具有优异的耐高温、 耐低温、耐老化性能。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种耐热、耐寒的气室橡胶隔膜材料及其制备方法， 克服了现有技术的不足，解决橡胶材料无法同时满足耐高温、耐低温、耐老化 的性能。
为解决上述问题，本发明所采取的技术方案如下：
一种耐热、耐寒的气室橡胶隔膜材料，包括以下重量份的原料：天然橡胶 60-70份、丁苯橡胶30-40份、氧化锌4-5份、硬脂酸1-2份、防焦剂CTP 0.3-0.5 份、分散剂L-24 1-2份、葵二酸二辛脂6-8份、硫磺0.6-0.8份、复合防老剂4-8 份、复合炭黑65-80份、复合促进剂3-5份。
其中，所述复合防老剂由以下重量份的原料制成：防老剂RD 1-2份、防老 剂4010NA2-4份、防老剂A1-2份。
其中，所述复合炭黑由以下重量份的原料制成：炭黑330 25-35份、炭黑550 40-45份。
其中，所述复合促进剂由以下重量份的原料制成：促进剂4，4'-二硫代二吗 啉1.0-2.0份、促进剂CZ 2.0-3.0份。
制备上述气室橡胶隔膜材料的方法包括以下步骤：
S1，按配比将天然橡胶、丁苯橡胶在密炼机上进行塑炼，然后进行混炼， 混炼完成后排胶、出片，并停放10-30h，接着按配比加入氧化锌、硬脂酸、防 焦剂CTP、复合防老剂、分散剂L-24、葵二酸二辛脂进行混炼，得到混炼料；
S2，将混炼料与复合碳黑混炼、翻胶、排胶、出片，停放10-30h，得到预 混料；
S3，将预混料与复合促进剂、硫磺按配比进行混炼，混炼后排料，得到气 室橡胶隔膜材料。
其中，步骤S1中天然橡胶、丁苯橡胶在密炼机上塑炼6-8min，转速55r/min， 混炼3min，转速35r/min，混炼温度为110℃。
其中，步骤S3中混炼2-3min，混炼温度为83℃。
本发明与现有技术相比较，本发明的实施效果如下：
本发明以天然橡胶、丁苯橡胶为主料，加入氧化锌和硬脂酸，促进无机物 料和有机物料接枝，形成整体；加入分散剂L-24与主料配合，改善胶料的加工 性能，又保持胶料的硬度和刚度；促进剂4，4'-二硫代二吗啉、促进剂CZ与硫 磺S-80配合，在硫化时实际上是形成互穿网络的高分子合金，使产品具有优越 的耐热性能，压缩变形小；炭黑550为快压出炭黑，粒子表面光滑，结构高， 易分散，能赋予胶料较高的弹性和高温性能，在软质炭黑中其补强性最好；高 耐磨炭黑330能赋予胶料较好的强伸性能、抗撕裂性、耐磨性和弹性；活性剂 氧化锌和硬脂酸、防焦剂CTP、防老剂RD及防老剂4010NA联合使用，大幅 提高产品的抗老化性能；而耐低温葵二酸二辛脂的使用大大提升了产品的耐低 温性能。
本发明的制备方法分二段加工，而且每段加工后胶料停放一段时间，这样 胶料分散性更好，更能够对未分散好的胶料二次加工，一致性更好，使产品性 能均匀。
具体实施方式
下面将对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描 述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中 的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其 他实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。
实施例1
先将天然橡胶60kg、丁苯橡胶30kg在密炼机上进行塑炼6min，转速60r/min， 然后混炼3min，转速40r/min，混炼温度为110℃，然后排胶，出片，停放24 小时；然后加入活性剂氧化锌5kg、活性剂硬脂酸1kg、防焦剂CTP 0.3kg、复 合防老剂4kg(其中防老剂RD 1kg、防老剂4010NA2kg、防老剂A 1kg)、分散 剂L-24 1kg、葵二酸二辛脂6kg，混炼1min，得到混炼料；将混炼料与复合碳 黑65kg(高耐磨炭黑330 25kg、快压出炭黑550 40kg)，混炼3min翻胶，混炼 温度为130℃，然后排胶，出片，停放24小时，得到预混料；向预混料内再加 入复合促进剂3kg(其中促进剂4，4’-二硫代二吗啉1.0kg、促进剂CZ 2.0kg)、 硫磺S-80 0.6kg，混炼2min，温度为80℃，排料得到气室橡胶隔膜材料。
实施例2
先将天然橡胶70kg、丁苯橡胶40kg在密炼机上进行塑炼8min，转速50r/min， 然后混炼2min，转速30r/min，混炼温度为115℃，然后排胶，出片，停放24 小时；然后加入活性剂氧化锌4kg、活性剂硬脂酸2kg、防焦剂CTP 0.5kg、复 合防老剂8kg(其中防老剂RD 2kg、防老剂4010NA4kg、防老剂A 2kg)、分散 剂L-24 2kg、葵二酸二辛脂8kg，混炼2min，得到混炼料；将混炼料与复合碳 黑80kg(高耐磨炭黑330 35kg、快压出炭黑550 45kg)，混炼5min翻胶，混炼 温度为140℃，然后排胶，出片，停放24小时，得到预混料；向预混料内再加 入复合促进剂5kg(其中促进剂4，4’-二硫代二吗啉2.0kg、促进剂CZ 3.0kg)、 硫磺S-80 0.8kg，混炼3min，温度为85℃，排料得到气室橡胶隔膜材料。
实施例3
先将天然橡胶65kg、丁苯橡胶35kg在密炼机上进行塑炼7min，转速55r/min， 然后混炼2-3min，转速30r/min，混炼温度为115℃，然后排胶，出片，停放24 小时；然后加入活性剂氧化锌5kg、活性剂硬脂酸2kg、防焦剂CTP 0.5kg、复 合防老剂6kg(其中防老剂RD 1kg、防老剂4010NA 3kg、防老剂A 2kg)、分散 剂L-24 2kg、葵二酸二辛脂7kg，混炼2min，得到混炼料；将混炼料与复合碳 黑75kg(高耐磨炭黑330 30kg、快压出炭黑550 45kg)，混炼5min翻胶，混炼 温度为140℃，然后排胶，出片，停放24小时，得到预混料；向预混料内再加 入复合促进剂4kg(其中促进剂4，4’-二硫代二吗啉2.0kg、促进剂CZ 2.0kg)、 硫磺S-80 0.7kg，混炼3min，温度为85℃，排料得到气室橡胶隔膜材料。
对比例1
与实施例3的区别在于，将丁苯橡胶替换为等质量的天然橡胶。
对比例2
与实施例3的区别在于，将复合防老剂替换为防老剂RD 2kg和防老剂A 4kg。
对比例3
与实施例3的区别在于，将复合碳黑替换为等质量的炭黑550。
对比例4
与实施例3的区别在于，将复合促进剂替换为等质量的促进剂CZ。
将实施例3和对比例1-4中得到气室橡胶隔膜材料测试耐老化性能、耐寒和 耐高温性能，老化条件为150℃*70h、耐寒性能测试根据UL2556测试-45℃的低 温弯曲性能，观察是否断裂，结果如下表所示：
由以上数据可以明显看出，本发明的气室橡胶隔膜材料通过使用丁苯橡胶 对天然橡胶进行复配，改变橡胶基体的组分和构成，有效的提高了气室橡胶隔 膜材料拉伸强度和断裂伸长率，及耐低温性能；使气室橡胶隔膜材料的力学性 能得到了显著提升；同时使用的复合促进剂、复合碳黑和复合老化剂，有效的 提升了气室橡胶隔膜材料的耐高温性能和耐老化性能。
尽管已经示出和描述了本发明的实施例，对于本领域的普通技术人员而 言，可以理解在不脱离本发明的原理和精神的情况下可以对这些实施例进行多 种变化、修改、替换和变型，本发明的范围由所附权利要求及其等同物限定。
Claims (5)
1.一种耐热、耐寒的气室橡胶隔膜材料，其特征在于，包括以下重量份的原料：天然橡胶60-70份、丁苯橡胶30-40份、氧化锌4-5份、硬脂酸1-2份、防焦剂CTP 0.3-0.5份、分散剂L-24 1-2份、葵二酸二辛脂6-8份、硫磺0.6-0.8份、复合防老剂4-8份、复合炭黑65-80份、复合促进剂3-5份。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种耐热、耐寒的气室橡胶隔膜材料，其特征在于，所述复合防老剂由以下重量份的原料制成：防老剂RD 1-2份、防老剂4010NA 2-4份、防老剂A 1-2份。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种耐热、耐寒的气室橡胶隔膜材料，其特征在于，所述复合炭黑由以下重量份的原料制成：炭黑330 25-35份、炭黑550 40-45份。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种耐热、耐寒的气室橡胶隔膜材料，其特征在于，所述复合促进剂由以下重量份的原料制成：促进剂4,4'-二硫代二吗啉1.0-2.0份、促进剂CZ 2.0-3.0份。
5.制备权利要求1-4任意一项所述的气室橡胶隔膜材料的方法，其特征在于，包括以下步骤：
S1，按配比将天然橡胶、丁苯橡胶在密炼机上进行塑炼，然后进行混炼，混炼完成后排胶、出片，并停放10-30h，接着按配比加入氧化锌、硬脂酸、防焦剂CTP、复合防老剂、分散剂L-24、葵二酸二辛脂进行混炼，得到混炼料；
S2，将混炼料与复合碳黑混炼、翻胶、排胶、出片，停放10-30h，得到预混料；
S3，将预混料与复合促进剂、硫磺按配比进行混炼，混炼后排料，得到气室橡胶隔膜材料。
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