CN114105644A - High-wear-resistance ceramic material and preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents
High-wear-resistance ceramic material and preparation method and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN114105644A CN114105644A CN202111449518.XA CN202111449518A CN114105644A CN 114105644 A CN114105644 A CN 114105644A CN 202111449518 A CN202111449518 A CN 202111449518A CN 114105644 A CN114105644 A CN 114105644A
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of ceramic materials, and discloses a high-wear-resistance ceramic material, and a preparation method and application thereof, wherein the preparation method comprises the following steps: pretreating fly ash to remove heavy metal elements, then ball-milling the fly ash and modified nano zinc oxide until the particle size is less than 20 mu m, adding ceramic powder and an adhesive, uniformly mixing, performing compression molding, and performing heat treatment to obtain a porous ceramic material precursor; soaking a porous ceramic material precursor in an alcohol solution, and grafting a modifier on the surface of the porous ceramic material precursor under the action of a silane coupling agent to obtain a porous ceramic material; heating polyvinyl chloride resin to be soft, adding a curing agent, and uniformly mixing to obtain an impregnation liquid; and immersing the porous ceramic material in the immersion liquid to immerse the porous ceramic material in pores of the porous ceramic material, and naturally cooling to obtain the high-wear-resistance ceramic material. The preparation method has the advantages of easily available raw materials, low cost, easy operation and high safety, and the prepared ceramic material has good wear resistance.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of ceramic materials, in particular to a high-wear-resistance ceramic material and a preparation method and application thereof.
Background
In mechanical engineering, structural parts such as sealing elements, bearings, cutters, ball valves, cylinder sleeves and the like are frequently subjected to friction and are easily abraded, and the accuracy and safety of mechanical work are affected.
In the prior art, in order to avoid the situation, a metal ceramic composite material is provided, and the characteristics of high wear resistance and high hardness of ceramic are combined with the toughness of a metal material. However, in the prior art, when a metal ceramic composite material is prepared, a composite casting is adopted to melt metal into a liquid state at a high temperature, and then molten metal is poured into ceramic, but in the method, the penetration effect of the metal is difficult to control, and the metal is easy to penetrate unevenly, so that the metal is unevenly distributed in the ceramic material, the whole material composition is uneven, and the wear resistance of the material cannot be effectively improved.
Therefore, the invention provides a high-wear-resistance ceramic material and a preparation method and application thereof.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the defects in the prior art, the invention provides a high-wear-resistance ceramic material and a preparation method and application thereof.
The high-wear-resistance ceramic material and the preparation method and the application thereof are realized by the following technical scheme:
the first purpose of the invention is to provide a preparation method of a high-wear-resistance ceramic material, which comprises the following steps:
step 1, preparing a porous ceramic material:
pretreating fly ash to remove heavy metal elements, and then ball-milling the fly ash and modified nano zinc oxide until the particle size is less than 20 mu m to obtain mixed powder; then adding ceramic powder and an adhesive into the mixed powder, uniformly mixing, and performing heat treatment after compression molding to obtain a porous ceramic material precursor;
soaking a porous ceramic material precursor in an alcohol solution, then adding a silane coupling agent and a modifying agent, and grafting the modifying agent on the surface of the porous ceramic material precursor under the action of the silane coupling agent to obtain a porous ceramic material;
step 2, preparing the wear-resistant ceramic material:
heating polyvinyl chloride resin to be soft, adding a curing agent, and uniformly mixing to obtain an impregnation liquid; and immersing the porous ceramic material into the immersion liquid, immersing the porous ceramic material into pores of the porous ceramic material, and naturally cooling to obtain the high-wear-resistance ceramic material.
Further, the heat treatment comprises the steps of:
heating the pressed and formed blank to 800-1000 ℃ at the speed of 5-10 ℃/min in the nitrogen atmosphere, and preserving the heat for 0.5-2 h; and then raising the temperature to 1050-1250 ℃ at the speed of 1-5 ℃/min, and preserving the temperature for 0.5-2 h.
Further, the modified nano zinc oxide is obtained by the following steps:
uniformly dispersing nano zinc oxide in an organic acid solution, adjusting the pH value to 3-5, performing reflux reaction at 75-85 ℃ for 1-3 h, performing vacuum filtration, washing filter residues with deionized water until the pH value of filtrate is 7, and drying the filter residues to obtain the modified nano zinc oxide.
Further, the organic acid is any one of citric acid, acetic acid, formic acid and malonic acid.
Further, the dosage ratio of the organic acid to the nano zinc oxide is 2-5 mL:1 g.
Further, the ceramic powder is one or two of silicon carbide and silicon nitride.
Further, the particle size of the ceramic powder is 0.5-10 mm.
Further, the adhesive is one or more of sodium silicate, phenolic resin, polyvinyl alcohol, carboxymethyl cellulose and polyacrylate.
Further, the silane coupling agent is one or more of vinyltriethoxysilane, vinyltrimethoxysilane and vinyltris (beta-methoxyethoxy) silane.
Further, the modifier is polyacrylamide.
Further, the curing agent is any one of resol, amino resin, dicyandiamide and polyamide resin.
Further, the mass ratio of the pretreated fly ash to the modified nano zinc oxide is 5-10: 1.
Further, the mass ratio of the ceramic powder to the mixed powder is 2-5: 1.
Further, the mass ratio of the adhesive to the mixed powder is 0.05-0.1: 1.
Further, the mass ratio of the resin to the porous ceramic material precursor is 0.5-1.5: 1.
Further, the using amount ratio of the alcoholic solution to the porous ceramic material precursor is 1-3 mL:1 g;
the alcohol solution is 50-70% of ethanol by mass concentration.
Further, the mass ratio of the silane coupling agent to the porous ceramic material precursor is 1: 5-10.
Further, the mass ratio of the modifier to the porous ceramic material precursor is 0.1-0.5: 1.
Further, the mass ratio of the curing agent to the polyvinyl chloride resin is 1: 7-9.
Further, the ball milling is wet ball milling, the solvent is 40-60% of ethanol, and the ball-to-material ratio is 2-4: 1; the ball milling time is 1-4 h.
Further, the pretreatment of the fly ash is as follows:
removing ferromagnetic oxides existing in the fly ash by magnetic separation, thereby removing a part of iron elements; and then adding a dispersing agent, stirring for 10-20 min, fully mixing uniformly, then vibrating and scattering to change agglomerated fly ash into dispersed small particles, then heating the scattered fly ash to 120-150 ℃, conveying the heated fly ash to an electrostatic separator, ionizing air to form a corona electric field under the action of a 8000-12000V high-voltage electric field, and in the corona electric field, transferring the fly ash particles to an opposite electrode in an electrified manner so as to be separated out, and collecting the fly ash with the particle size of more than 20 microns on an electrode plate, namely obtaining the fly ash with the heavy metal elements removed.
Further, the dispersant is one or more of triethanolamine, ethylene glycol, glycerol, stearic acid and a silane coupling agent;
the mass ratio of the dispersant to the fly ash is 0.03-0.07 percent to 1.
The second purpose of the invention is to provide a high-wear-resistance ceramic material prepared by the preparation method.
The third purpose of the invention is to provide the application of the high-wear-resistance ceramic material in the preparation of mechanical structural parts.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the invention removes heavy metal elements in the fly ash by a physical method, and improves Al in the fly ash2O3And SiO2The purity of the fly ash is convenient for the fly ash to form a ceramic skeleton in the heat treatment process, and simultaneously, the pollution caused by heavy metal in the fly ash is prevented.
According to the invention, the nano zinc oxide is modified so as to improve the dispersibility of the nano zinc oxide in an alcohol solution, the agglomeration phenomenon of the nano zinc oxide in the alcohol solution is avoided, the temperature during heat treatment can be reduced by adding the modified nano zinc oxide, the treatment difficulty is reduced, and the treatment safety is improved by reducing the temperature.
According to the invention, the modified nano zinc oxide and the fly ash are uniformly mixed by ball milling, so that the modified nano zinc oxide is fully contacted with the silicon dioxide in the fly ash, the modified nano zinc oxide is conveniently wrapped by the silicon dioxide in the fly ash in a heat treatment stage, and the modified nano zinc oxide and the fly ash jointly form a skeleton structure of a ceramic material, so that the modified nano zinc oxide is prevented from being dissolved out in the subsequent use process, the stability of the modified nano zinc oxide in the ceramic material is improved, the wear resistance of the ceramic material is improved, and the mildew resistance of the ceramic material is also improved, so that the ceramic material prepared by the method can be normally used in a humid environment without worrying about the corrosion of mildew.
According to the invention, the mixture of the pulverized fuel ash and the modified nano zinc oxide after ball milling is uniformly mixed with the ceramic powder and the adhesive and then is pressed and formed, in the heat treatment process, the pulverized fuel ash can release gas to further form pores, meanwhile, the large-particle ceramic powder is added, and the large-particle ceramic powder can also form a porous channel in the heat treatment process, so that the porous ceramic material precursor can be directly obtained through heat treatment without adding other substances or performing other treatments for pore forming.
According to the invention, the obtained porous ceramic material precursor is soaked in an alcohol solution, so that the surface of the porous ceramic material precursor is fully wetted, the surface activity of the porous ceramic material precursor is provided, and then a modifier is grafted on the surface of the porous ceramic material precursor through a silane coupling agent, so that the activity of the pore surface of the porous ceramic material precursor is further improved, the porous ceramic material precursor is convenient to crosslink with poured thin and soft resin, and the wear resistance of the ceramic material is further improved.
The preparation method has the advantages of easily available raw materials, low cost, easy operation and high safety, and the prepared ceramic material has good wear resistance.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below.
Example 1
The present embodiment provides a high wear-resistant ceramic material, and the preparation method of the high wear-resistant ceramic material of the present embodiment is as follows:
step 1, preparing a porous ceramic material:
taking a certain amount of fly ash, and removing heavy metal elements from the fly ash through pretreatment for later use;
uniformly dispersing nano zinc oxide into a malonic acid solution according to the dosage ratio of 1g to 3mL, adjusting the pH to 4, then carrying out reflux reaction at the water bath temperature of 80 ℃ for 2 hours, carrying out suction filtration under reduced pressure, washing filter residues with deionized water until the pH of filtrate is 7, and drying the filter residues to obtain the modified nano zinc oxide for later use;
performing ball milling treatment on the pretreated fly ash and the modified nano zinc oxide in a 60% ethanol solution according to the mass ratio of 7:1, setting the ball-material ratio to be 3:1, performing ball milling for 2 hours, then stopping ball milling to obtain mixed powder, wherein the average particle size is 20 micrometers; taking out the mixed powder, adding silicon carbide ceramic powder with the particle size of 5mm and binder carboxymethyl cellulose at room temperature, uniformly mixing, standing for 9h, then placing the mixture in a prepared mould, performing compression molding by adopting a semi-dry pressing molding to obtain a blank, heating the blank to 900 ℃ at the speed of 7 ℃/min in a nitrogen atmosphere, and keeping the temperature for 1 h; then heating to 1150 ℃ at the speed of 3 ℃/min, preserving the heat for 1h, and cooling to room temperature to obtain a porous ceramic material precursor;
uniformly dispersing a porous ceramic material precursor in an alcohol solution, then adding a silane coupling agent vinyl triethoxysilane and a modifying agent polyacrylamide, and grafting the modifying agent polyacrylamide on the surface of the porous ceramic material under the action of the silane coupling agent vinyl triethoxysilane to obtain the porous ceramic material;
in this example, the mass ratio of the ceramic powder to the mixed powder was 3.5: 1;
the mass ratio of the adhesive to the mixed powder is 0.07: 1;
the dosage ratio of the porous ceramic material precursor to the alcohol solution is 1g:2 mL; the alcohol solution is an ethanol solution with the mass concentration of 50%;
the mass ratio of the silane coupling agent to the porous ceramic material precursor is 1: 7;
the mass ratio of the modifier to the porous ceramic material precursor is 0.3: 1.
Step 2, preparing a high-wear-resistance ceramic material:
heating polyvinyl chloride resin to be soft, adding curing agent amino resin, and uniformly mixing to obtain a soaking solution; then, immersing the porous ceramic material obtained in the step 1 in the immersion liquid, then placing the porous ceramic material in a vacuum bottle and vacuumizing the vacuum bottle for 30min to immerse the immersion liquid into pores of the porous ceramic material, and then curing the porous ceramic material to obtain the high-wear-resistance ceramic material;
in the embodiment, the mass ratio of the polyvinyl chloride resin to the porous ceramic material precursor is 1: 1;
the mass ratio of the curing agent to the polyvinyl chloride resin is 1: 8.
Example 2
The present embodiment provides a high wear-resistant ceramic material, and the preparation method of the high wear-resistant ceramic material of the present embodiment is as follows:
step 1, preparing a porous ceramic material:
taking a certain amount of fly ash, and removing heavy metal elements from the fly ash through pretreatment for later use;
uniformly dispersing nano zinc oxide in a citric acid solution according to the dosage ratio of 1g to 2mL, adjusting the pH value to 3, carrying out reflux reaction at the water bath temperature of 75 ℃ for 3 hours, carrying out suction filtration under reduced pressure, washing filter residues with deionized water until the pH value of filtrate is 7, and drying the filter residues to obtain the modified nano zinc oxide for later use;
performing ball milling treatment on the pretreated fly ash and the modified nano zinc oxide in a 50% ethanol solution according to the mass ratio of 5:1, setting the ball-material ratio to be 2:1, performing ball milling for 4 hours, then stopping ball milling to obtain mixed powder, wherein the average particle size is 10 mu m; taking out the mixed powder, adding silicon nitride ceramic powder with the particle size of 0.5mm and polyvinyl alcohol serving as an adhesive at room temperature, uniformly mixing, standing for 6 hours, then placing the mixture in a prepared mold, performing compression molding by adopting a semi-dry pressing molding method to obtain a blank, heating the blank to 800 ℃ at the speed of 5 ℃/min in a nitrogen atmosphere, and keeping the temperature for 2 hours; then heating to 1050 ℃ at the speed of 1 ℃/min, preserving the heat for 2h, and cooling to room temperature to obtain a porous ceramic material precursor;
uniformly dispersing a porous ceramic material precursor in an alcohol solution, then adding a silane coupling agent vinyl trimethoxy silane and a modifying agent polyacrylamide, and grafting the modifying agent polyacrylamide on the surface of the porous ceramic material under the action of the silane coupling agent vinyl trimethoxy silane to obtain the porous ceramic material;
in the embodiment, the mass ratio of the ceramic powder to the mixed powder is 2: 1;
the mass ratio of the adhesive to the mixed powder is 0.05: 1;
the dosage ratio of the porous ceramic material precursor to the alcohol solution is 1g:1 mL; the alcohol solution is an alcohol solution with the mass concentration of 60%;
the mass ratio of the silane coupling agent to the porous ceramic material precursor is 1: 5;
the mass ratio of the modifier to the porous ceramic material precursor is 0.1: 1.
Step 2, preparing a high-wear-resistance ceramic material:
heating polyvinyl chloride resin to be soft, adding curing agent polyamide resin, and uniformly mixing to obtain a soaking solution; then, immersing the porous ceramic material obtained in the step 1 in the immersion liquid, then placing the porous ceramic material in a vacuum bottle and vacuumizing for 20min to immerse the immersion liquid into pores of the porous ceramic material, and then curing the porous ceramic material to obtain the high-wear-resistance ceramic material;
in the embodiment, the mass ratio of the polyvinyl chloride resin to the porous ceramic material precursor is 0.5: 1;
the mass ratio of the curing agent to the polyvinyl chloride resin is 1: 7.
Example 3
The present embodiment provides a high wear-resistant ceramic material, and the preparation method of the high wear-resistant ceramic material of the present embodiment is as follows:
step 1, preparing a porous ceramic material:
taking a certain amount of fly ash, and removing heavy metal elements from the fly ash through pretreatment for later use;
uniformly dispersing nano zinc oxide in an acetic acid solution according to the dosage ratio of 1g to 5mL, adjusting the pH value to 5, then carrying out reflux reaction for 1h at the water bath temperature of 85 ℃, carrying out suction filtration under reduced pressure, washing filter residues with deionized water until the pH value of filtrate is 7, and drying the filter residues to obtain the modified nano zinc oxide for later use;
performing ball milling treatment on the pretreated fly ash and the modified nano zinc oxide in a 70% ethanol solution according to the mass ratio of 10:1, setting the ball-material ratio to be 4:1, performing ball milling for 1h, then stopping ball milling to obtain mixed powder, wherein the average particle size is 15 mu m; taking out the mixed powder, adding ceramic powder with the particle size of 10mm and adhesive polyacrylate at room temperature, uniformly mixing, standing for 12h, then placing the mixture into a prepared die, performing compression molding by adopting a semi-dry pressing molding method to obtain a blank, heating the blank to 1000 ℃ at the speed of 10 ℃/min in a nitrogen atmosphere, and preserving heat for 0.5 h; then heating to 1250 ℃ at the speed of 5 ℃/min, preserving the heat for 0.5h, and cooling to room temperature to obtain a porous ceramic material precursor;
uniformly dispersing a porous ceramic material precursor in an alcohol solution, then adding a silane coupling agent vinyl tri (beta-methoxyethoxy) silane and a modifying agent polyacrylamide, and grafting the modifying agent polyacrylamide on the surface of the porous ceramic material under the action of the silane coupling agent vinyl tri (beta-methoxyethoxy) silane to obtain the porous ceramic material;
in this embodiment, the ceramic powder is a mixture of silicon carbide and silicon nitride;
the mass ratio of the ceramic powder to the mixed powder is 5: 1;
the mass ratio of the adhesive to the mixed powder is 0.1: 1;
the dosage ratio of the porous ceramic material precursor to the alcohol solution is 1g:3 mL; the alcohol solution is an ethanol solution with the mass concentration of 70%;
the mass ratio of the silane coupling agent to the porous ceramic material precursor is 1: 10;
the mass ratio of the modifier to the porous ceramic material precursor is 0.3: 1.
Step 2, preparing a high-wear-resistance ceramic material:
heating polyvinyl chloride resin to be soft, adding a curing agent resol and uniformly mixing to obtain an impregnation liquid; then, immersing the porous ceramic material obtained in the step 1 in the immersion liquid, then placing the porous ceramic material in a vacuum bottle and vacuumizing the vacuum bottle for 60min to immerse the immersion liquid into pores of the porous ceramic material, and then curing the porous ceramic material to obtain the high-wear-resistance ceramic material;
in the embodiment, the mass ratio of the polyvinyl chloride resin to the porous ceramic material precursor is 1.5: 1;
the mass ratio of the curing agent to the polyvinyl chloride resin is 1: 9.
In the above embodiment of the present invention, the resin is placed in a crucible, and then placed in an oven at 80 to 90 ℃, and the resin is heated to become thin and soft and then taken out.
In the embodiment of the invention, the fly ash is prepared by removing heavy metal elements through the following pretreatment:
removing ferromagnetic oxides existing in the fly ash by magnetic separation, thereby removing a part of iron elements; and then adding a dispersing agent, stirring for 10-20 min, fully mixing uniformly, then vibrating and scattering to change agglomerated fly ash into dispersed small particles, then heating the scattered fly ash to 120-150 ℃, conveying the heated fly ash to an electrostatic separator, ionizing air to form a corona electric field under the action of a 8000-12000V high-voltage electric field, and in the corona electric field, enabling the fly ash particles to be electrified and transferred to an opposite electrode, so that the fly ash particles are separated out, and collecting the fly ash with the particle size larger than 20 microns on an electrode plate, namely obtaining the fly ash without heavy metal elements.
Performing electrostatic separation and screening to obtain fly ash particles with the particle size of 0.1-20 μm, performing first centrifugal separation, settling large particles under the action of centrifugal force,
further, the dispersant is one or more of triethanolamine, ethylene glycol, glycerol, stearic acid and a silane coupling agent;
the mass ratio of the dispersant to the fly ash is 0.03-0.07 percent to 1.
Comparative example 1
This comparative example differs from the examples only in that:
in the comparative example, the fly ash is not pretreated, and is directly mixed with the modified nano zinc oxide ball mill, and the other operations are the same as those in example 1.
Comparative example 2
This comparative example differs from the examples only in that:
in the comparative example, the porous ceramic material precursor was directly immersed in the immersion liquid without performing modified grafting, and the other operations were the same as in example 1.
Comparative example 3
This comparative example differs from the examples only in that:
the comparative example was carried out without the immersion treatment, and the obtained porous ceramic material was used as the wear-resistant ceramic material without any other treatment, and the operation was the same as in example 1.
Test section
In order to verify the properties of the wear-resistant ceramic materials prepared by the preparation method of the present invention, the following tests were performed on the wear-resistant ceramic materials prepared in examples 1 to 3 and comparative examples 1 to 3.
Hardness test
The hardness of the wear-resistant ceramic materials prepared in examples 1-3 and comparative examples 1-3 of the invention was measured by a Vickers hardness tester according to the standard of GB/T16534-2009, and the results are shown in Table 1.
Table 1 hardness test results
| Example 1 | Example 2 | Example 3 | Comparative example 1 | Comparative example 2 | Comparative example 3 | |
| Hardness (GPa) | 12.0 | 9.6 | 11.1 | 10.5 | 8.9 | 7.8 |
(II) flexural Strength test
The invention adopts a universal testing machine to test the bending strength of the wear-resistant ceramic materials prepared in the examples 1-3 and the comparative examples 1-3 of the invention according to the standard of GB/T6569-2006, and the results are shown in Table 2.
TABLE 2 flexural Strength test results
| Example 1 | Example 2 | Example 3 | Comparative example 1 | Comparative example 2 | Comparative example 3 | |
| Flexural Strength (MPa) | 712 | 689 | 701 | 703 | 631 | 590 |
(III) Friction Performance test
The abrasion rates of the abrasion-resistant ceramic materials prepared in examples 1 to 3 and comparative examples 1 to 3 of the present invention were measured by a ball-and-disc frictional abrasion tester according to the standard of GB/T3810.7-2016, and the results are shown in Table 3.
Table 3 wear rate test results
| Example 1 | Example 2 | Example 3 | Comparative example 1 | Comparative example 2 | Comparative example 3 | |
| Wear rate (%) | 2.3×10-4 | 3.5×10-4 | 2.7×10-4 | 2.9×10-4 | 7.6×10-4 | 1.1×10-3 |
It is to be understood that the above-described embodiments are only a few embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The preparation method of the high-wear-resistance ceramic material is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
step 1, preparing a porous ceramic material:
pretreating fly ash to remove heavy metal elements, and then ball-milling the fly ash and modified nano zinc oxide until the particle size is less than 20 mu m to obtain mixed powder; then adding ceramic powder and an adhesive into the mixed powder, uniformly mixing, and performing heat treatment after compression molding to obtain a porous ceramic material precursor;
soaking a porous ceramic material precursor in an alcohol solution, then adding a silane coupling agent and a modifying agent, and grafting the modifying agent on the surface of the porous ceramic material precursor under the action of the silane coupling agent to obtain a porous ceramic material;
step 2, preparing a high-wear-resistance ceramic material:
heating polyvinyl chloride resin to be soft, adding a curing agent, and uniformly mixing to obtain an impregnation liquid; and immersing the porous ceramic material into the immersion liquid, immersing the porous ceramic material into pores of the porous ceramic material, and naturally cooling to obtain the high-wear-resistance ceramic material.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the heat treatment comprises the steps of:
heating the pressed and formed blank to 800-1000 ℃ at the speed of 5-10 ℃/min in the nitrogen atmosphere, and preserving the heat for 0.5-2 h; and then raising the temperature to 1050-1250 ℃ at the speed of 1-5 ℃/min, and preserving the temperature for 0.5-2 h.
3. The preparation method of claim 1, wherein the modified nano zinc oxide is obtained by the following steps:
uniformly dispersing nano zinc oxide in an organic acid solution, adjusting the pH value to 3-5, and then carrying out reflux reaction at 75-85 ℃ for 1-3 h to obtain the modified nano zinc oxide.
4. The production method according to claim 1, wherein the ceramic powder is one or both of silicon carbide and silicon nitride; the particle size of the ceramic powder is 0.5-10 mm;
the modifier is polyacrylamide.
5. The preparation method of claim 1, wherein the mass ratio of the pretreated fly ash to the modified nano zinc oxide is 5-10: 1;
the mass ratio of the ceramic powder to the mixed powder is 2-5: 1;
the mass ratio of the adhesive to the mixed powder is 0.05-0.1: 1.
6. The preparation method according to claim 1, wherein the mass ratio of the polyvinyl chloride resin to the porous ceramic material precursor is 0.5-1.5: 1.
7. The preparation method according to claim 1, wherein the dosage ratio of the alcoholic solution to the porous ceramic material precursor is 1-3 mL:1 g;
the mass ratio of the silane coupling agent to the porous ceramic material precursor is 1: 5-10;
the mass ratio of the modifier to the porous ceramic material precursor is 0.1-0.5: 1.
8. The preparation method according to claim 1, wherein the ball milling is wet ball milling, the solvent is 40-60% ethanol, and the ball-to-material ratio is 2-4: 1; the ball milling time is 1-4 h.
9. A high wear-resistant ceramic material obtained by the method of any one of claims 1 to 8.
10. Use of the high wear resistant ceramic material according to claim 9 for the manufacture of parts for mechanical construction.
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