CN114105241A - Solar seawater desalination and collection device and method based on interface evaporation principle - Google Patents
Solar seawater desalination and collection device and method based on interface evaporation principle Download PDFInfo
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- CN114105241A CN114105241A CN202111606236.6A CN202111606236A CN114105241A CN 114105241 A CN114105241 A CN 114105241A CN 202111606236 A CN202111606236 A CN 202111606236A CN 114105241 A CN114105241 A CN 114105241A
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- 239000013535 sea water Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 227
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 180
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 176
- 238000010612 desalination reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 56
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 122
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 85
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 85
- 239000013505 freshwater Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 68
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 61
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 47
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 31
- 239000002351 wastewater Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000009827 uniform distribution Methods 0.000 claims description 5
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/02—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating
- C02F1/04—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating by distillation or evaporation
- C02F1/14—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating by distillation or evaporation using solar energy
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2103/00—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated
- C02F2103/08—Seawater, e.g. for desalination
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2209/00—Controlling or monitoring parameters in water treatment
- C02F2209/42—Liquid level
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A20/00—Water conservation; Efficient water supply; Efficient water use
- Y02A20/124—Water desalination
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A20/00—Water conservation; Efficient water supply; Efficient water use
- Y02A20/124—Water desalination
- Y02A20/138—Water desalination using renewable energy
- Y02A20/142—Solar thermal; Photovoltaics
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A20/00—Water conservation; Efficient water supply; Efficient water use
- Y02A20/20—Controlling water pollution; Waste water treatment
- Y02A20/208—Off-grid powered water treatment
- Y02A20/212—Solar-powered wastewater sewage treatment, e.g. spray evaporation
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Abstract
The invention provides a solar seawater desalination and collection device and method based on an interface evaporation principle, and belongs to the field of seawater desalination. In order to solve the problems of high energy consumption and environmental pollution caused by the conventional desalination method, the existing seawater desalination collection device has high manufacturing cost and low desalination efficiency. The solar seawater desalination system is characterized in that a solar power supply device, a seawater supply and hydrothermal circulation device, an evaporation and condensation device and a water storage device are arranged on the main support, a seawater tank and an evaporation pond are connected through a first heating pipe and a second heating pipe, a U-shaped pipe, a gradient water conveying tank, a double-layer condensation cover and an evaporator are arranged in the evaporation pond, and the water storage device comprises a fresh water collecting box and a waste water collecting box. Seawater is circularly heated through a thermal cycle and an evaporator to generate vapor, the vapor is condensed into liquid drops on the surface of the double-layer condensation cover, and the liquid drops are collected to a fresh water collecting box through a gradient water conveying tank and a U-shaped pipe. The solar energy is utilized in multiple stages to desalt the seawater based on the principle of interfacial evaporation, the structure is simple, the movement is easy, and the advantages of carbon emission reduction, low pollution and efficient resource utilization are achieved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of seawater desalination devices, in particular to a solar seawater desalination and collection device and method based on an interface evaporation principle.
Background
Shortage of fresh water resources is a problem facing human beings, especially in remote mountainous areas and islands where electricity is scarce. The solar seawater desalination technology has important significance for solving the problem of brackish water desalination in water-deficient areas with island fresh water resource shortage, remote areas and unreachable electric power resources. With the rapid development of the world economy, the population and the cities are increasing and expanding, the shortage of fresh water resources is caused by poor fresh water resource management and water pollution. The seawater desalination and collection are one of the most important and effective ways for obtaining fresh water, the efficient and environment-friendly seawater desalination and collection technology is adopted, the development concept of improving resource utilization and protecting ecological environment is inherited, and the problem that the shortage of fresh water is always a hotspot in the current society is actively promoted by industrial transformation and application and popularization.
The conventional sea water desalination method, such as a distillation method, an electrodialysis method, an ion exchange method and the like, can cause a large amount of energy consumption and environmental pollution, and the solar steam evaporation technology has wide prospect in the field of sea water desalination due to the unique advantages of low energy consumption, environmental friendliness and the like. Most of the existing solar seawater desalination and collection devices have the defects of difficult movement, high manufacturing cost, low solar energy utilization rate, low evaporation efficiency, difficult maintenance and the like. Therefore, the seawater desalination collection device which has the advantages of carbon emission reduction, simple structure, high solar energy utilization rate, high desalination efficiency, mobility, wide application range and stability is provided based on the interface evaporation principle, and the device has important significance.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is as follows:
the problems that the conventional seawater desalination method is high in energy consumption and easy to cause environmental pollution, and the existing solar seawater desalination collection is not easy to move, high in manufacturing cost and low in desalination efficiency are solved.
The invention adopts the technical scheme for solving the technical problems that:
the invention provides a solar seawater desalination and collection device based on an interface evaporation principle, which comprises a solar power supply device, a seawater supply and hydrothermal circulation device, an evaporation and condensation device, a water storage device and a main bracket, wherein the seawater supply and hydrothermal circulation device and the water storage device are respectively connected with the evaporation and condensation device through pipelines;
the main bracket is provided with a seawater supply and hydrothermal circulation device, a water storage device, an evaporation and condensation device and a solar power supply device, and the solar power supply device is used for supplying power to the seawater supply and hydrothermal circulation device;
the seawater supply and hydrothermal circulation device comprises a seawater tank, a first heating pipe, a second heating pipe, a first water pump and a second water pump, wherein the seawater tank is respectively communicated with the first heating pipe and the second heating pipe;
the evaporation and condensation device comprises an evaporation tank, an evaporator, a U-shaped pipe, a gradient water delivery tank and a double-layer condensation cover, wherein the evaporator is arranged in the evaporation tank, the double-layer condensation cover is arranged at the upper end of the evaporation tank, the gradient water delivery tank and the U-shaped pipe are arranged on the side wall of the evaporation tank, the gradient water delivery tank is used for collecting water dropping from the double-layer condensation cover, and the gradient water delivery tank is communicated with the U-shaped pipe;
the water storage device comprises a fresh water collecting box and a waste water collecting box, the fresh water collecting box is communicated with the U-shaped pipe, and the waste water collecting box is communicated with the evaporation pond.
Further, the assembly support further comprises a solar power supply support, a solar power supply device is arranged on the solar power supply support and comprises a solar cell panel, an electric control cabinet and a storage battery, the electric control cabinet is arranged above the solar power supply support, the storage battery is arranged in the electric control cabinet, a plurality of solar cell panels are uniformly distributed on the solar power supply support, and the storage battery is connected with the plurality of solar cell panels respectively.
Further, the double-layer condensation cover is connected with the evaporation tank through a sealing gasket, the double-layer condensation cover comprises two connected layers of condensation covers, a cavity is formed between the two layers of condensation covers, the outer layer condensation cover of the double-layer condensation cover is connected with the evaporation tank through the sealing gasket, and the evaporation tank and the double-layer condensation cover form a closed space, so that evaporation and condensation of seawater are facilitated.
Further, still include reflection of light protection device, reflection of light protection device is including adjusting peg and reflector panel, the reflector panel is articulated with the evaporation pond, can cover double-deck condensation cover after the reflector panel is closed, adjust peg one end and double-deck condensation cover rotatable coupling, adjust the peg other end and can dismantle with the reflector panel and be connected.
Furthermore, a plurality of limiting holes are formed in the adjusting hanging rod, a limiting block is arranged at the tail end of the reflector, and the limiting block on the reflector can be clamped in the limiting holes in the adjusting hanging rod and used for adjusting the opening angle of the reflector according to the sunlight irradiation angle.
Furthermore, the first heating pipe is communicated with a seawater uniform distribution pipe arranged in the evaporation pond, and the outlet end of the seawater uniform distribution pipe is communicated with a plurality of branch pipes connected in parallel.
Further, an evaporation pool sub-sea water level sensor and an evaporation pool upper-sea water level sensor are arranged in the evaporation pool, a sub-sea water tank level sensor is arranged in the sea water tank, a controller is arranged in the electric control cabinet, the storage battery is connected with the controller, the input end of the controller is respectively connected with the evaporation pool sub-sea water level sensor, the evaporation pool upper-sea water level sensor and the sub-sea water tank level sensor, the output end of the controller is connected with the first water pump and the alarm device, the controller is used for sending a signal to the controller when the evaporation pool lower-sea water level sensor senses that the water level in the evaporation pool is lower than a set threshold value, the controller controls the first water pump to be started, and water in the sea water tank is conveyed into the evaporation pool; when the seawater upper level sensor senses that the water level in the evaporation tank exceeds a set threshold value, a signal is sent to the controller, the controller controls the second water pump to be started, and the seawater in the evaporation tank is conveyed into the seawater tank; when the liquid level sensor under the seawater tank senses that the water level in the seawater tank is lower than the set threshold value, a signal is sent to the controller, and the controller controls the alarm device to give an alarm to remind that the seawater in the seawater tank is added.
Furthermore, a fresh water upper liquid level sensor is arranged in the fresh water collecting box and connected with the controller, and is used for sending a signal to the controller when the fresh water upper liquid level sensor senses that the fresh water in the fresh water collecting box is higher than a set threshold value, and controlling an alarm device to send an alarm through the controller to remind the user of discharging the fresh water in the fresh water collecting box.
Furthermore, the general support is provided with a support plate, and the lower end face of the support plate is provided with a plurality of universal wheels.
A solar seawater desalination and collection method based on an interface evaporation principle comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: adjusting the reflector and filling seawater, opening the reflector, adjusting the opening angle of the reflector according to the sun irradiation angle, connecting a limiting block on the reflector with a limiting hole on an adjusting hanging rod, filling the seawater tank, and at the moment, not filling seawater in the evaporation tank;
step two: the seawater supply and hydrothermal circulation are carried out, the controller receives a signal sent by a liquid level sensor below the evaporation tank, the controller controls the first water pump to be started, so that seawater in the seawater tank flows into the evaporation tank through the first heating pipe, when the water level in the evaporation tank exceeds a water level threshold value set by the liquid level sensor above the evaporation tank, the liquid level sensor above the evaporation tank sends the signal to the controller, and the controller controls the second water pump to be started, so that the seawater in the evaporation tank returns to the seawater tank through the second heating pipe;
step three: evaporating, condensing and collecting, wherein seawater is heated by a first heating pipe and a second heating pipe, and the evaporator evaporates the seawater, so that the temperature in the evaporating pond reaches 30-60 ℃, water vapor rises to the surface of a double-layer condensing cover, the water vapor is condensed into liquid drops and flows into a fresh water collecting box for recycling through a gradient water conveying tank and a U-shaped pipe sequentially due to the temperature difference between the inside and the outside of the double-layer condensing cover, when the water level of fresh water in the fresh water collecting box exceeds the threshold value set by a fresh water upper liquid level sensor, the fresh water upper liquid level sensor transmits a signal to a controller, and the controller controls an alarm device to give an alarm to remind that the fresh water collecting box is full and needs to be replaced.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention relates to a solar seawater desalination and collection device and a method based on an interface evaporation principle, which comprises a solar power supply device, a seawater supply and hydrothermal circulation device, an evaporation and condensation device, a water storage device and a main bracket, wherein the seawater supply and hydrothermal circulation device and the water storage device are respectively connected with the evaporation and condensation device through pipelines; pumping seawater in a seawater tank into an evaporation tank through a first heating pipe by a first water pump, conveying the seawater in the evaporation tank into the seawater tank through a second heating pipe, heating the seawater in the evaporation tank and evaporating by an evaporator, wherein a temperature difference is formed between the temperature of the seawater in the evaporation tank and the temperature of the seawater outside a double-layer condensation cover, condensed fresh water flows into a fresh water collecting box, high-concentration seawater formed in the evaporation tank can be conveyed to a waste water collecting box to be discarded, and electric energy is provided for the device through a solar power supply device;
the modularized combined structure is adopted, the assembly and disassembly are convenient and fast, the device can be replaced according to the use conditions of different devices, the application range is wide, the double-layer condensation covers are communicated with each other to promote the flow of water vapor, the inner surface and the outer surface of the double-layer condensation cover are liquefied to increase the condensation area and improve the condensation efficiency, and the gradient design of the gradient water conveying tank enables liquid drops to be quickly gathered to promote the fresh water collection efficiency;
the seawater hydrothermal circulation pipeline is adopted to realize the circulation preheating of seawater, the seawater is kept to have higher temperature in the continuous evaporation process, the larger temperature difference between the inside and the outside of the double-layer condensation cover is ensured, and the evaporation and condensation rate of the seawater can be improved;
the design that the U-shaped pipe for conveying the high-temperature liquid drops is arranged in seawater of the evaporation tank can further heat the seawater in the evaporation tank, so that the multi-stage cyclic utilization of heat energy is realized, and further the desalting performance is more excellent;
the seawater desalination device based on the interface evaporation principle utilizes solar energy in multiple stages, is simple in structure, only utilizes the solar energy converted into electric energy to supply power to the whole device, and has the advantages of reducing carbon emission, being small in pollution and being efficient in resource utilization;
compared with the existing large-scale seawater desalination equipment, the seawater desalination equipment has the advantages of low manufacturing cost, modular design, easy replacement of parts, suitability for industrial transformation and large-scale application and popularization, wide application prospect and practical application value.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective view of a solar seawater desalination collection device based on the principle of interfacial evaporation according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a top view of a solar seawater desalination collection device based on the principle of interfacial evaporation according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic perspective view of the present general bracket;
FIG. 4 is a schematic perspective view of a water storage device according to the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic perspective view of a seawater supply and hydrothermal circulation apparatus according to the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic perspective view of an evaporative condenser and a reflective protection device according to the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of the internal structure of the evaporative condenser and the reflective protection device according to the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a first schematic diagram of a solar seawater desalination and collection method based on the principle of interfacial evaporation according to the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of a solar seawater desalination and collection method based on the principle of interfacial evaporation according to the present invention.
Description of reference numerals:
1-a reflector, 2-an evaporation pool, 3-a sliding window, 4-a double-layer condensation cover, 5-an adjusting hanging rod, 6-an evaporation pool underwater liquid level sensor, 7-a U-shaped pipe, 8-a gradient water conveying tank, 9-an electric control cabinet, 10-a storage battery, 11-a solar panel, 12-a first heating pipe, 13-a first water pump, 14-an underwater liquid level sensor, 15-a seawater tank, 16-a fresh water upper liquid level sensor, 17-a fresh water collecting tank, 19-a wastewater collecting tank, 20-a universal wheel, 21-a supporting plate, 22-a general bracket, 23-a second water pump, 24-a seawater uniform distribution pipe, 25-an evaporator, 26-a sealing washer, 27-a second heating pipe, 28-a controller and 29-an alarm device, 30-an evaporation pool seawater upper liquid level sensor and 22-1-a solar power supply bracket.
Detailed Description
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that terms such as "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", and the like in the embodiments indicate terms of orientation, and are used only for simplifying the positional relationship based on the drawings of the specification, and do not represent that the elements, devices, and the like indicated in the description must operate according to the specific orientation and the defined operation, method, and configuration, and such terms are not to be construed as limiting the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "first" and "second" mentioned in the embodiments of the present invention are only used for descriptive purposes and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature.
In order to make the aforementioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention comprehensible, embodiments accompanied with figures are described in detail below.
The first specific embodiment is as follows: referring to fig. 1 to 7, the present invention provides a solar seawater desalination collection device based on the principle of interfacial evaporation, which includes a solar power supply device, a seawater supply and hydrothermal circulation device, an evaporation and condensation device, a water storage device and a main frame 22, wherein the seawater supply and hydrothermal circulation device and the water storage device are respectively connected to the evaporation and condensation device through pipelines;
the main bracket 22 is provided with a seawater supply and hydrothermal circulation device, a water storage device, an evaporation and condensation device and a solar power supply device, wherein the solar power supply device is used for supplying power to the seawater supply and hydrothermal circulation device;
the seawater supply and hydrothermal circulation device comprises a seawater tank 15, a first heating pipe 12, a second heating pipe 27, a first water pump 13 and a second water pump 23, wherein the seawater tank 15 is respectively communicated with the first heating pipe 12 and the second heating pipe 27, the first heating pipe 12 and the second heating pipe 27 are respectively formed by merging a plurality of parallel pipelines into a single group of heating pipe, the first heating pipe 12 is provided with the first water pump 13, the second heating pipe 27 is provided with the second water pump 23, the first water pump 13 and the second water pump 23 are both connected with a solar power supply device, and the first heating pipe 12 and the second heating pipe 27 are respectively communicated with an evaporation pool 2 in an evaporation and condensation device; when the seawater desalination device works, seawater in the seawater tank 15 is pumped into the evaporation tank 2 through the first water pump 13 or the second water pump 23, the temperature of the seawater can be increased due to the heating of the first heating pipe 12 or the second heating pipe 27 in the pumping process, the evaporation condensation effect is increased, the seawater in the evaporation tank 2 flows back into the seawater tank 15 through the first heating pipe 12 or the second heating pipe 27, wherein the first heating pipe 12 and the second heating pipe 27 are respectively used for pumping the seawater into the evaporation tank 2 and flowing the seawater in the evaporation tank 2 back into the seawater tank 15, a hydrothermal circulation passage is formed, the water temperature is increased, and the seawater evaporation rate is increased;
the evaporation and condensation device comprises an evaporation pool 2, evaporators 25, U-shaped pipes 7, a gradient water conveying tank 8 and a double-layer condensation cover 4, wherein the evaporators 25 are arranged in the evaporation pool 2, the double-layer condensation cover 4 is arranged at the upper end of the evaporation pool 2, the gradient water conveying tank 8 and the U-shaped pipes 7 are arranged on the side wall of the evaporation pool 2, the double-layer condensation cover 4 is communicated with the gradient water conveying tank 8, and the gradient water conveying tank 8 is communicated with the U-shaped pipes 7; the seawater in the evaporation pool 2 is evaporated through the evaporator 25, the water vapor rises to be in contact with the double-layer condensation cover 4, and due to the difference between the temperature inside and outside the double-layer condensation cover 4, the water vapor is condensed into water drops and then is conveyed into the U-shaped pipe 7 through the gradient water conveying tank 8, and the water is conveyed to the fresh water collecting tank 17 through the U-shaped pipe 7;
the water storage device comprises a fresh water collecting box 17 and a waste water collecting box 19, the fresh water collecting box 17 is communicated with the U-shaped pipe 7, the waste water collecting box 19 is communicated with the evaporation pool 2, after multiple times of desalination, the concentration of the seawater in the evaporation pool 2 is increased, the desalination effect is weakened, and in order to ensure the desalination effect, the high-concentration seawater can be conveyed into the waste water collecting box 19 to replace the seawater in the seawater box 15.
Preferably, the evaporator 25 is an evaporator made of biomass-based materials, the biomass-based materials include wood and hydrogel, the evaporator made of biomass-based materials has high capacity of thermal conversion, water absorption and rapid transportation to an evaporation interface, and the evaporator 25 floats on the surface of seawater, has good heat insulation performance, prevents heat loss, and improves evaporation effect.
The modularized combined structure is adopted, the assembly and disassembly are convenient and fast, the device can be replaced according to the use conditions of different devices, the application range is wide, the double-layer condensation covers 4 are communicated with each other to promote the flow of water vapor, the inner surface and the outer surface of the double-layer condensation cover are liquefied to increase the condensation area and improve the condensation efficiency, and the gradient design of the gradient drainage tank 8 ensures that liquid drops are quickly gathered to promote the fresh water collection efficiency;
the seawater hydrothermal circulation pipeline is adopted to realize the circulation preheating of seawater, the problem that the seawater is high in the continuous evaporation process is solved, the large temperature difference between the inside and the outside of the double-layer condensation cover 4 is ensured, and the evaporation rate of the seawater can be improved;
the design that the U-shaped pipe 7 for conveying high-temperature liquid drops is arranged in seawater of the evaporation tank can further heat the seawater in the evaporation tank 2, so that the multi-stage cyclic utilization of heat energy is realized, and further the desalting performance is more excellent;
the seawater desalination device based on the interface evaporation principle utilizes solar energy in multiple stages, is simple in structure, only utilizes the solar energy converted into electric energy to supply power to the whole device, and has the advantages of reducing carbon emission, being small in pollution and being efficient in resource utilization;
compared with the existing large-scale seawater desalination equipment, the seawater desalination equipment has the advantages of low manufacturing cost, modular design, easy replacement of parts, suitability for industrial transformation and large-scale application and popularization, wide application prospect and practical application value.
Preferably, the U-shaped pipe 7 is annularly arranged on the peripheral inner wall of the evaporation pool 2.
The second specific embodiment: as shown in fig. 1 to 7, the main support 22 further includes a solar power supply support 22-1, a solar power supply device is arranged on the solar power supply support 22-1, the solar power supply device includes a solar cell panel 11, an electric control cabinet 9 and a storage battery 10, the electric control cabinet 9 is arranged above the solar power supply support 22, the storage battery is arranged in the electric control cabinet 9, the solar cell panels 11 are circumferentially and uniformly distributed on the solar power supply support 22-1, the storage battery 10 is respectively connected with the solar cell panels 11, and the electric control cabinet 9 is provided with a start button and an emergency stop button to ensure the stability and the safety of the operation of the device. Other combinations and connections of this embodiment are the same as those of the first embodiment.
The third concrete implementation scheme is as follows: combine fig. 1 to 7 to show, double-deck condensation cover 4 passes through seal ring 26 with evaporation tank 2 and is connected, double-deck condensation cover 4 is slope roof column structure, including the two-layer condensation cover of connection, form the cavity between the two-layer condensation cover, double-deck condensation cover 4's outer condensation cover is connected through seal ring 26 with evaporation tank 2, and double-deck condensation cover's two-layer communicates with each other in crest department, when evaporation produced big vapor, because the airtight condensation of space is untimely, have partial vapor flow to enter into two-layer cavity in further condensation, increased the inside and outside difference in temperature, reduce the pressure that big vapor caused simultaneously, improve condensation effect, the water droplet that outer condensation cover and inner layer condensation cover cavity department surface formed falls to gradient water conveying tank 8 and collects. Other combinations and connections of this embodiment are the same as those of the second embodiment.
The fourth specific embodiment: as shown in fig. 1 to 7, the reflective protection device further comprises a reflective protection device, the reflective protection device comprises an adjusting hanging rod 5 and a reflective plate 1, the reflecting plate 1 is connected with the evaporation tank 2 through a plurality of hinges, the double-layer condensing hood 4 can be completely covered after the reflecting plate 1 is closed, one end of the adjusting hanging rod 5 is rotatably connected with the side wall of the double-layer condensing hood 4, the other end of the adjusting hanging rod 5 is detachably connected with the reflecting plate 1, a plurality of limiting holes are arranged on the adjusting hanging rod 5, the end of the reflecting plate 1 is provided with a limiting block, the limiting block on the reflecting plate 1 can be clamped on the limiting holes on the adjusting hanging rod 5, the angle of the reflector 1 can be flexibly adjusted at any time according to the change of the sun angle, so that the irradiation dead angle generated by rising and falling of Taiyang can be avoided to a certain extent, a larger illumination area and illumination time can be obtained, and the seawater desalination efficiency can be improved; the double-layer condensation cover is not easy to wear and break by the reflector 1 during non-evaporation or transportation. Other combinations and connections of this embodiment are the same as those of the third embodiment.
The fifth concrete embodiment: with reference to fig. 1 to 7, a sliding window 3 is arranged on one side of the evaporation pool 2, and the device in the evaporation pool 2 can be replaced by the sliding window 3, so that the device can be conveniently reused. Other combinations and connections of this embodiment are the same as those of the fourth embodiment.
The sixth specific embodiment: referring to fig. 1 to 7, the first heating pipe 12 or the second heating pipe 27 is communicated with a seawater equalizing pipe 24 disposed in the evaporation tank 2, one end of the seawater equalizing pipe 24 is communicated with the first heating pipe 12 or the second heating pipe 27, and the other end of the seawater equalizing pipe is communicated with a plurality of branch pipes connected in parallel in the evaporation tank 2, so as to equalize seawater, thereby avoiding that the concentration of seawater in a certain area in the evaporation tank 2 is too high and the condensation effect is not good in the desalination process. Other combinations and connections of this embodiment are the same as those of the fourth embodiment.
The seventh specific embodiment: referring to fig. 1 to 9, an evaporation pool seawater lower liquid level sensor 6 and an evaporation pool seawater upper liquid level sensor 30 are arranged in the evaporation pool 2, a sea water tank lower liquid level sensor 14 is arranged in the sea water tank 15, a controller 28 is arranged in the electric control cabinet 9, the storage battery 10 is connected with a controller 28, the input end of the controller 28 is respectively connected with the evaporation pool lower seawater level sensor 6, the evaporation pool upper seawater level sensor 30 and the seawater tank lower liquid level sensor 14, the output of the controller 28 is connected to the first water pump 13 or the second water pump 23 and an alarm device 29, for sending a signal to the controller 28 when the seawater level sensor 6 in the evaporation pond senses that the water level in the evaporation pond 2 is lower than the set threshold value, the controller 28 controls the first water pump 13 or the second water pump 23 to be started, and water in the seawater tank 15 is conveyed into the evaporation pond 2; when the seawater upper level sensor 30 senses that the water level in the evaporation pool 2 exceeds a set threshold value, a signal is sent to the controller 28, the controller 28 controls the second water pump 23 or the first water pump 13 to be started, and the seawater in the evaporation pool 2 is conveyed into the seawater tank 15; when the sea water tank lower liquid level sensor 14 senses that the water level in the sea water tank 2 is lower than the set threshold value, a signal is sent to the controller 28, the controller 28 controls the alarm device 29 to give an alarm to remind the user of adding the sea water in the sea water tank 15, wherein one of the first water pump 13 and the second water pump 23 is used for conveying the sea water in the sea water tank 15 to the evaporation pond 2, and the other water pump is used for conveying the water in the evaporation pond 2 to the sea water tank 15. Other combinations and connections of this embodiment are the same as those of the fifth or sixth embodiment.
Preferably, the alarm device 29 is an alarm lamp or a voice alarm device.
The specific embodiment eight: referring to fig. 1 to 9, a fresh water upper liquid level sensor 16 is disposed in the fresh water collecting tank 17, and the fresh water upper liquid level sensor 16 is connected to the controller 28, and is configured to send a signal to the controller when the fresh water upper liquid level sensor 16 senses that the fresh water in the fresh water collecting tank 17 is higher than a set threshold, and control the alarm device 29 to send an alarm through the controller 28, so as to remind the user of discharging the fresh water in the fresh water collecting tank 17. Other combinations and connections of this embodiment are the same as those of the seventh embodiment.
Preferably, the fresh water collection tank 17 and the waste water collection tank 19 are both provided with electromagnetic valves.
The specific embodiment is nine: referring to fig. 1 to 7, the main frame 22 is provided with a support plate 21, a plurality of universal wheels 20 are provided on a lower end surface of the support plate 21, and the universal wheels 20 are provided to facilitate movement of the device. Other combinations and connections of this embodiment are the same as those of embodiment eight.
The specific embodiment ten: referring to fig. 1 to 9, a solar seawater desalination and collection method based on the principle of interfacial evaporation includes the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: adjusting the reflector 1 and filling seawater, opening the reflector 1, adjusting the opening angle of the reflector 1 according to the sun irradiation angle, connecting a limiting block on the reflector 1 with a limiting hole on the adjusting hanging rod 5, filling the seawater tank 15, and at the moment, not filling seawater in the evaporation tank 2; when the seawater in the seawater tank 15 is lower than the threshold value set by the seawater tank lower level sensor 14, the seawater tank lower level sensor 14 sends a signal to the controller 28, and the controller 28 controls the alarm device 29 to give an alarm to remind the user of adding the seawater in the seawater tank 15;
step two: the seawater is supplied and circulated, the controller 28 receives a signal sent by the liquid level sensor 30 under the evaporation pool, the controller 28 controls the first water pump 13 to be opened, so that the seawater in the seawater tank 15 flows into the evaporation pool 2 through the first heating pipe 12, when the water level in the evaporation pool 2 exceeds the water level threshold value set by the liquid level sensor 6 on the evaporation pool, the liquid level sensor 6 on the evaporation pool sends the signal to the controller 28, the controller 28 controls the second water pump 23 to be opened, so that the seawater in the evaporation pool 2 returns to the seawater tank 15 through the second heating pipe 27;
step three: evaporating, condensing and collecting, wherein seawater is heated by a first heating pipe 12 and a second heating pipe 27, and the evaporator 25 evaporates the seawater, so that the temperature in the evaporation pool 2 reaches 30-60 ℃, the water vapor rises to the surface of the double-layer condensation cover 4, the water vapor condenses into liquid drops due to the temperature difference between the inside and the outside of the double-layer condensation cover 4, the liquid drops sequentially flow into a fresh water collecting box 17 through a gradient water conveying tank 8 and a U-shaped pipe 7 for recycling, when the level of the fresh water in the fresh water collecting box 17 exceeds the threshold value set by the fresh water upper level sensor 16, the fresh water upper level sensor 16 transmits a signal to a controller 28, the controller 28 controls an alarm device 29 to give an alarm to remind that the fresh water collecting box 17 is full and needs to be replaced, the volume ratio of the evaporation pool 2 to the fresh water collecting box 17 is 4-5:1, and after the fresh water collecting box 17 is replaced for 1-2 times, the high-concentration seawater in the evaporation pool 2 is conveyed into a wastewater collecting box 19, the high concentration seawater in the wastewater collection tank 19 is discarded, the seawater in the seawater tank 15 is replaced, and the next seawater desalination is repeated.
Preferably, the evaporator 25 is a straw evaporator, the straw evaporator has a plurality of straw sections with the same length bundled into a cylinder, and the straw evaporator utilizes laser engraving to construct a light trapping structure for enhancing the utilization effect of light, wherein the method for constructing light trapping by laser engraving is the prior art, and the description is omitted in this section.
Although the present disclosure has been described above, the scope of the present disclosure is not limited thereto. Various changes and modifications may be effected therein by one of ordinary skill in the pertinent art without departing from the spirit and scope of the present disclosure, and these changes and modifications are intended to be within the scope of the present disclosure.
The working principle is as follows: firstly, the reflector 1 is opened and the angle of the reflector 1 is adjusted, then sufficient seawater to be desalinated is added into the seawater tank 15, then a start button on the electric control cabinet 9 is pressed, and the electric energy converted from solar energy is supplied to the seawater and the hydrothermal circulation device by using the solar energy power supply device. The seawater supply and hydrothermal circulation device preheats seawater by using the first heating pipe 12 and conveys the seawater to the evaporation pond 2 through the first water pump 13, and when the seawater reaches a certain water level, the seawater supply and hydrothermal circulation device starts to work through the second water pump 23 and the second heating pipe 27 to carry out hydrothermal circulation. Seawater on the surface of an evaporator 25 in the evaporation pool 2 is converted into vapor through solar photo-thermal conversion, the vapor is liquefied into high-temperature fresh water on the surface of the double-layer condensation cover 4, the high-temperature fresh water flows through the gradient water delivery tank 8 and is rapidly converged into the U-shaped pipe 7 to be stored in the water storage device, and finally seawater desalination and collection are achieved. The U-shaped pipe 7 in the device can transfer the heat energy of the high-temperature fresh water to the seawater in the evaporation pool 2, and the multi-stage cyclic utilization of the heat energy is realized. The double-layer condensation cover 4 is communicated with each other to promote the flow of water vapor, increase the condensation area and improve the condensation efficiency. With the rising and falling of the sun, better illumination intensity and illumination time can be obtained by adjusting the angle of the reflector 1 and moving the main support 22, so that the seawater desalination efficiency is improved, and in addition, the reflector 1 is combined to protect the double-layer condensation cover 4 from abrasion and fragmentation when evaporation is finished.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a solar energy sea water desalination collection device based on interface evaporation principle which characterized in that: the seawater solar energy water-heating system comprises a solar power supply device, a seawater supply and water-heating circulating device, an evaporation condensing device, a water storage device and a main bracket (22), wherein the seawater supply and water-heating circulating device and the water storage device are respectively connected with the evaporation condensing device through pipelines;
the main support (22) is provided with a seawater supply and hydrothermal circulation device, a water storage device, an evaporation and condensation device and a solar power supply device, and the solar power supply device is used for supplying power to the seawater supply and hydrothermal circulation device;
the seawater supplying and water heating circulating device comprises a seawater tank (15), a first heating pipe (12), a second heating pipe (27), a first water pump (13) and a second water pump (23), wherein the seawater tank (15) is respectively communicated with the first heating pipe (12) and the second heating pipe (27), the first heating pipe (12) is provided with the first water pump (13), the second heating pipe (27) is provided with the second water pump (23), and the first heating pipe (12) and the second heating pipe (27) are respectively communicated with an evaporation pond (2) in the evaporation and condensation device;
the evaporation and condensation device comprises an evaporation tank (2), an evaporator (25), a U-shaped pipe (7), a gradient water conveying tank (8) and a double-layer condensation cover (4), wherein the evaporator (25) is arranged in the evaporation tank (2), the double-layer condensation cover (4) is arranged at the upper end of the evaporation tank (2), the gradient water conveying tank (8) and the U-shaped pipe (7) are arranged on the side wall of the evaporation tank (2), the gradient water conveying tank (8) is used for collecting water dropping from the double-layer condensation cover (4), and the gradient water conveying tank (8) is communicated with the U-shaped pipe (7);
the water storage device comprises a fresh water collecting box (17) and a waste water collecting box (19), the fresh water collecting box (17) is communicated with the U-shaped pipe (7), and the waste water collecting box (19) is communicated with the evaporation pool (2).
2. The solar seawater desalination and collection device based on the interfacial evaporation principle as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the solar energy power supply system is characterized in that the main support (22) further comprises a solar energy power supply support (22-1), a solar energy power supply device is arranged on the solar energy power supply support (22-1) and comprises a solar cell panel (11), an electric control cabinet (9) and a storage battery (10), the electric control cabinet (9) is arranged above the solar energy power supply support (22-1), the storage battery (10) is arranged in the electric control cabinet (9), the solar energy power supply support (22-1) is uniformly distributed with a plurality of solar cell panels (11), and the storage battery (10) is respectively connected with the plurality of solar cell panels (11).
3. The solar seawater desalination and collection device based on the interfacial evaporation principle as claimed in claim 2, wherein: double-deck condensation cover (4) are connected through seal ring (26) with evaporation tank (2), double-deck condensation cover (4) are including the two-layer condensation cover of connecting, form the cavity between the two-layer condensation cover, the outer condensation cover of double-deck condensation cover (4) passes through seal ring with the evaporation tank and is connected for evaporation tank (2) and double-deck condensation cover (4) form airtight space, the evaporation and the condensation of the sea water of being convenient for.
4. The solar seawater desalination and collection device based on the interfacial evaporation principle as claimed in claim 3, wherein: still include reflection of light protection device, reflection of light protection device is including adjusting peg (5) and reflector panel (1), reflector panel (1) is articulated with evaporation pond (2), can cover double-deck condensation cover (4) is whole after reflector panel (1) is closed, adjust peg (5) one end and double-deck condensation cover (4) rotatable coupling, adjust peg (5) other end and reflector panel (1) and can dismantle and be connected.
5. The solar seawater desalination and collection device based on the interfacial evaporation principle as claimed in claim 4, wherein: the adjustable solar reflector is characterized in that a plurality of limiting holes are formed in the adjusting hanging rod (5), the tail end of the reflector (1) is provided with a limiting block, and the limiting block on the reflector (1) can be clamped in the limiting holes in the adjusting hanging rod (5) and used for adjusting the opening angle of the reflector (1) according to the sunlight irradiation angle.
6. The solar seawater desalination and collection device based on the interfacial evaporation principle as claimed in claim 5, wherein: the first heating pipe (12) is communicated with a seawater uniform distribution pipe (24) arranged in the evaporation pond (2), and the outlet end of the seawater uniform distribution pipe (24) is communicated with a plurality of branch pipes connected in parallel.
7. The solar seawater desalination and collection device based on the interfacial evaporation principle as claimed in claim 6, wherein: an evaporation pond seawater lower liquid level sensor (6) and an evaporation pond seawater upper liquid level sensor (30) are arranged in the evaporation pond (2), a seawater tank lower liquid level sensor (14) is arranged in the seawater tank (15), a controller (28) is arranged in the electric control cabinet (9), the storage battery (10) is connected with the controller (28), the input end of the controller (28) is respectively connected with the evaporation pond seawater lower liquid level sensor (6), the evaporation pond seawater upper liquid level sensor (30) and the seawater tank lower liquid level sensor (14), the output end of the controller (28) is connected with the first water pump (13) and the alarm device (29) and used for sending a signal to the controller (28) when the evaporation pond seawater lower liquid level sensor (6) senses that the water level in the evaporation pond (2) is lower than a set threshold value, and controlling the first water pump (13) to be started through the controller (28), conveying water in the seawater tank (15) to the evaporation pool (2); when the seawater upper level sensor (6) of the evaporation pool senses that the water level in the evaporation pool (2) exceeds a set threshold value, a signal is sent to the controller (28), the controller (28) controls the second water pump (23) to be started, and seawater in the evaporation pool (2) is conveyed into the seawater tank (15); when the liquid level sensor (14) under the seawater tank senses that the water level in the seawater tank (15) is lower than the set threshold value, a signal is sent to the controller (28), and the controller (28) controls the alarm device (29) to give an alarm to remind that the seawater in the seawater tank (15) is added.
8. The solar seawater desalination and collection device based on the interfacial evaporation principle as claimed in claim 7, wherein: the fresh water collecting box (17) is internally provided with a fresh water upper liquid level sensor (16), the fresh water upper liquid level sensor (16) is connected with the controller (28) and used for sending a signal to the controller (28) when the fresh water upper liquid level sensor (16) senses that the fresh water in the fresh water collecting box (17) is higher than a set threshold value, and the controller (28) controls the alarm device (29) to send an alarm to remind the user of discharging the fresh water in the fresh water collecting box (17).
9. The solar seawater desalination and collection device based on the interfacial evaporation principle of claim 8, wherein: the main support (22) is provided with a support plate (21), and the lower end face of the support plate (21) is provided with a plurality of universal wheels (20).
10. A solar seawater desalination and collection method based on an interface evaporation principle is characterized by comprising the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: adjusting the reflector (1) and filling seawater, opening the reflector (1), adjusting the opening angle of the reflector (1) according to the sun irradiation angle, connecting a limiting block on the reflector (1) with a limiting hole on the adjusting hanging rod (5), filling a seawater tank (15), and at the moment, not filling seawater in the evaporation tank (2);
step two: the seawater is supplied and circulated, the controller (28) receives a signal sent by a liquid level sensor (6) under the evaporation pool, the controller (28) controls the first water pump (13) to be opened, so that the seawater in the seawater tank (15) flows into the evaporation pool (2) through the first heating pipe (12), when the water level in the evaporation pool (2) exceeds a water level threshold value set by the liquid level sensor (30) on the evaporation pool, the liquid level sensor (30) on the evaporation pool sends the signal to the controller (28), the controller (28) controls the second water pump (23) to be opened, so that the seawater in the evaporation pool (2) returns to the seawater tank (15) through the second heating pipe (27);
step three: the seawater is evaporated, condensed and collected, the seawater is heated by a first heating pipe (12) and a second heating pipe (27), and the seawater is evaporated by an evaporator (25), so that the temperature in the evaporation pool (2) reaches 30-60 ℃, the water vapor rises to the surface of a double-layer condensation cover (4), the water vapor is condensed into liquid drops to flow into a fresh water collecting box (17) through a gradient water conveying tank (8) and a U-shaped pipe (7) in sequence to be recovered due to the temperature difference between the inside and the outside of the double-layer condensation cover (4), when the level of the fresh water in the fresh water collecting box (17) exceeds the threshold value set by a fresh water upper level sensor (16), the fresh water upper level sensor (16) transmits a signal to a controller (28), and the controller (28) controls an alarm device (29) to give an alarm to remind that the fresh water collecting box (17) is full and needs to be replaced.
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