CN114102955A - Method for preparing foamed polylactic acid by adopting normal-temperature foaming technology - Google Patents
Method for preparing foamed polylactic acid by adopting normal-temperature foaming technology Download PDFInfo
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- CN114102955A CN114102955A CN202010892910.0A CN202010892910A CN114102955A CN 114102955 A CN114102955 A CN 114102955A CN 202010892910 A CN202010892910 A CN 202010892910A CN 114102955 A CN114102955 A CN 114102955A
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- polylactic acid
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- room temperature
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- clean
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- 229920000747 poly(lactic acid) Polymers 0.000 title claims abstract description 84
- 239000004626 polylactic acid Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 84
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 29
- 238000013012 foaming technology Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 8
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 235000019441 ethanol Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000005187 foaming Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 229940079593 drug Drugs 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dichloromethane Chemical compound ClCCl YMWUJEATGCHHMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000004090 dissolution Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000007480 spreading Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000003892 spreading Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 claims 3
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 claims 2
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000009210 therapy by ultrasound Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 11
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 11
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 8
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 description 5
- 229920002472 Starch Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 235000019698 starch Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 239000008107 starch Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011109 contamination Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004806 packaging method and process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000035484 reaction time Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011538 cleaning material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004134 energy conservation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002427 irreversible effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006386 memory function Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001878 scanning electron micrograph Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C44/00—Shaping by internal pressure generated in the material, e.g. swelling or foaming ; Producing porous or cellular expanded plastics articles
- B29C44/02—Shaping by internal pressure generated in the material, e.g. swelling or foaming ; Producing porous or cellular expanded plastics articles for articles of definite length, i.e. discrete articles
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C44/00—Shaping by internal pressure generated in the material, e.g. swelling or foaming ; Producing porous or cellular expanded plastics articles
- B29C44/34—Auxiliary operations
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
- B29K2067/00—Use of polyesters or derivatives thereof, as moulding material
- B29K2067/04—Polyesters derived from hydroxycarboxylic acids
- B29K2067/046—PLA, i.e. polylactic acid or polylactide
Abstract
A method for preparing foamed polylactic acid by adopting a normal-temperature foaming technology relates to a preparation method of a novel environment-friendly degradable polylactic acid material with light weight, low density, high strength and high flexibility and a novel polylactic acid foaming material prepared by embodiments of four different formulas. The preparation method comprises the following steps: placing the purchased polylactic acid in a drying box to remove water for more than 24 hours; taking out polylactic acid particles and dissolving the polylactic acid particles in a solvent according to a certain proportion; placing the solution used as the liquid environment in an evaporation dish; slowly pouring the dissolved polylactic acid solution into ethanol at room temperature; waiting for 2 minutes, taking out the sample, drying at room temperature, and testing; and (5) recovering the absolute ethyl alcohol. The invention utilizes a solvent method to dissolve polylactic acid particles, and the condition for processing raw materials is ultrasonic treatment for 20 minutes at room temperature. The method is characterized in that: the preparation method for the foamed polylactic acid by using the solvent method is simple to operate, saves medicines, and simultaneously takes the polylactic acid as a substrate, has good overall toughness, simple preparation process, low cost, greenness, environmental protection and easy popularization.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a preparation method of a novel environment-friendly degradable polylactic acid material with light weight, low density, high strength and high flexibility.
Background
Among the numerous contaminations, plastic contamination is particularly prominent. The use of disposable plastic articles, the packaging of various articles of daily use, and the disposal of aged materials from other articles made of plastic, which are essentially non-degradable, is a problem. Plastics pollution has two main characteristics. Firstly, the material can not be degraded into harmless substances, and secondly, only a trace amount of plastic products can generate enough influence. Common methods for treating such plastic materials are incineration and landfill. However, these treatments consume a certain amount of manpower and material resources and also have an irreversible effect on the environment, which is a good way to find a non-polluting alternative material. With the improvement of human environmental awareness and the development of science and technology, polylactic acid taking starch as a raw material is generated, which provides possibility for novel environment-friendly living goods, and how to apply the polylactic acid is a problem which needs to be considered.
As a product in the development of the 20 th century, a plastic product has become an indispensable article in people's life, is large enough to be used in packaging inlays of various furniture and is small enough to be a shopping bag, and appears in the aspects of our life. The increase of daily consumption also brings certain burden to treatment, and some plastic products can release a substance harmful to human bodies when being improperly used, but the product prepared from the polylactic acid foaming raw material replaces the plastic products or saves the cost for replacing the conventional polylactic acid products. Meanwhile, polylactic acid is used as a main raw material, on one hand, the polylactic acid has wide sources and low cost, and on the other hand, the polylactic acid can be degraded into CO2 and H2O in a short time, so that the purpose of environmental protection is achieved.
Therefore, compared with some substitutes of other plastics, products prepared by the foaming polylactic acid have the following advantages:
(1) the starch has wide sources, and the reserve amount or annual output is considerable, so that the starch is very cheap and has low cost. The foaming polylactic acid prepared by the starch does not cause secondary pollution, so the dosage does not need to be strictly controlled.
(2) The preparation process is simple and has strong operability.
(3) With the improvement of the environmental protection consciousness of the public, the product as the environmental protection product is more easily accepted and loved by the public.
(4) Has wide application and strong adaptability.
However, the existing products using traditional plastics as main raw materials have great environmental pollution, and the scrapping treatment process is difficult to operate, so that the requirements of complete treatment and environmental protection cannot be met.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems, the invention provides a method for preparing foamed polylactic acid by taking ethanol as a main liquid environment and dichloromethane solution of polylactic acid as a main component, which has the advantages of wide raw material source, low cost and easy operation of the preparation method. The preparation method has the advantages of simple process, short reaction time, energy conservation and good economic and social benefits.
The preparation method of the degradable foamed polylactic acid clean material comprises the following steps:
1. placing the purchased polylactic acid in a drying box to remove water for more than 24 hours; 2. taking out polylactic acid particles and dissolving the polylactic acid particles in a solvent according to a certain ratio (1: 10, 1: 15, 1: 20 and 1: 30); 3. a clean evaporation dish was taken out for the experiment; 4. placing the solution used as the liquid environment in an evaporation dish; 5. slowly pouring the dissolved polylactic acid solution into ethanol at room temperature; 6. Waiting for 2 minutes, taking out the sample, drying at room temperature, and testing; 7. and (5) recovering the absolute ethyl alcohol.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages and technical effects:
the invention utilizes a solvent method to dissolve polylactic acid particles, and the most suitable condition for processing raw materials is that the polylactic acid particles are dissolved in 20 minutes under ultrasonic. The whole dissolution requires room temperature. The preparation method for the foamed polylactic acid by using the solvent method is simple to operate, saves medicines, and simultaneously takes the polylactic acid as a substrate, has good overall toughness, simple preparation process, low cost, greenness, environmental protection and easy popularization.
The advantages of this work are:
the polylactic acid substrate is subjected to equal solvent dissolution treatment.
The solvent is adopted to replace the traditional heating melting, so that the trouble of high-temperature recasting processing is saved.
The product has small density, small aperture, light weight and good biological performance.
After the material is modified, the material can also have a temperature control shape memory function, and can sense the change of the peripheral temperature to change the shape of the material, thereby achieving the purpose of multifunctional use.
The invention has the following technical effects:
the invention provides a preparation method for preparing a foamed polylactic acid material by a solvent method.
The first stage is to treat polylactic acid grains, and the second stage is to prepare the material by using a solution suspension spreading method model.
The polylactic acid prepared by the method is used as a main raw material, has good toughness, simple preparation process and low cost, is green and environment-friendly, and is easy to popularize.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a scanning electron microscope photograph at a 1: 10 ratio of polylactic acid to solvent at 200 times magnification; FIG. 2 is a scanning electron microscope photograph at a 1: 15 ratio of polylactic acid to solvent at 200 times magnification; FIG. 3 is a scanning electron microscope photograph at a 1: 20 polylactic acid to solvent ratio, at 200 times magnification; FIG. 4 is a scanning electron microscope photograph of polylactic acid at a 1: 30 solvent ratio at 200 times magnification.
Detailed description of the preferred embodiments
The following description is only exemplary of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention in any way; those of ordinary skill in the art can readily practice the present invention as described herein; however, those skilled in the art should appreciate that they can readily use the disclosed conception and specific embodiments as a basis for designing or modifying other structures for carrying out the same purposes of the present invention; meanwhile, any changes, modifications, and evolutions of the equivalent changes of the above embodiments according to the actual techniques of the present invention are still within the protection scope of the technical solution of the present invention.
Example 1
1. Placing the purchased polylactic acid in a drying box to remove water for more than 24 hours; 2. taking out polylactic acid particles and dissolving the polylactic acid particles into a solvent according to a certain ratio of 1: 10; 3. a clean evaporation dish was taken out for the experiment; 4. placing the solution used as the liquid environment in an evaporation dish; 5. slowly pouring the dissolved polylactic acid solution into ethanol at room temperature; 6. waiting for 2 minutes, taking out the sample, drying at room temperature, and testing; 7. and (5) recovering the absolute ethyl alcohol.
Example 2
1. Placing the purchased polylactic acid in a drying box to remove water for more than 24 hours; 2. taking out polylactic acid particles and dissolving the polylactic acid particles in a solvent according to a certain ratio of 1: 15; 3. a clean evaporation dish was taken out for the experiment; 4. placing the solution used as the liquid environment in an evaporation dish; 5. slowly pouring the dissolved polylactic acid solution into ethanol at room temperature; 6. waiting for 2 minutes, taking out the sample, drying at room temperature, and testing; 7. and (5) recovering the absolute ethyl alcohol.
Example 3
1. Placing the purchased polylactic acid in a drying box to remove water for more than 24 hours; 2. taking out polylactic acid particles and dissolving the polylactic acid particles in a solvent according to a certain ratio of 1: 20; 3. a clean evaporation dish was taken out for the experiment; 4. placing the solution used as the liquid environment in an evaporation dish; 5. slowly pouring the dissolved polylactic acid solution into ethanol at room temperature; 6. waiting for 2 minutes, taking out the sample, drying at room temperature, and testing; 7. and (5) recovering the absolute ethyl alcohol.
Example 4
1. Placing the purchased polylactic acid in a drying box to remove water for more than 24 hours; 2. taking out polylactic acid particles and dissolving the polylactic acid particles in a solvent according to a certain ratio of 1: 30; 3. a clean evaporation dish was taken out for the experiment; 4. placing the solution used as the liquid environment in an evaporation dish; 5. slowly pouring the dissolved polylactic acid solution into ethanol at room temperature; 6. waiting for 2 minutes, taking out the sample, drying at room temperature, and testing; 7. and (5) recovering the absolute ethyl alcohol.
The supercapacitor samples prepared in the above examples were tested for performance and the results are given in the following table:
TABLE 1 basic Properties of degradable foamed polylactic acid cleaning Material
| Name (R) | Water solubility | Density of | Elongation percentage | Pore size (mum) | Environmental protection property |
| Example 1 | Insoluble matter | 0.420 | 6.58％ | 16.7 | Environment-friendly |
| Example 2 | Insoluble matter | 0.308 | 21.12％ | 25.0 | Environment-friendly |
| Example 3 | Insoluble matter | 0.251 | 18.53％ | 33.3 | Environment-friendly |
| Example 4 | Insoluble matter | 0.203 | 9.08％ | 41.7 | Environment-friendly |
From the results, the preparation method provided by the invention successfully changes the appearance of the environment-friendly polylactic acid material, adopts a solvent method and a suspension layering method to prepare the novel, environment-friendly, light and practical foamed polylactic acid material, and can visually see the cell density and the pore size of the material through SEM images. In addition, in examples 2 and 3, the elongation at break of both materials reaches more than 18%, and the materials are more flexible than the conventional polylactic acid materials. The four materials in the examples are seen to be more resistant to high temperatures than the conventional polylactic acid material by melting points. In the development process of the invention, researchers find that the quality ratio of the solvent and the polylactic acid has obvious influence on the performance of the product, and is also the key for improving the materials which are suitable for different purposes.
In conclusion, the novel, environment-friendly, light and practical foamed polylactic acid material prepared by the preparation method provided by the invention has the advantages of simple preparation process, short reaction time, good flexibility and high temperature resistance, expands the application range of the material and improves the economic benefit.
Claims (5)
1. The invention relates to a preparation method of a novel environment-friendly degradable polylactic acid material with light weight, low density, high strength and high flexibility and a novel polylactic acid foaming material prepared by four different formula embodiments. The preparation method comprises the following steps:
step one, putting purchased polylactic acid in a drying box to remove water for more than 24 hours;
step two, taking out polylactic acid particles and dissolving the polylactic acid particles into a solvent according to a certain proportion;
taking out a clean evaporating dish for experiment;
step four, placing the solution used as the liquid environment in an evaporation dish;
step five, slowly pouring the dissolved polylactic acid solution into ethanol at room temperature;
step six, waiting for 2 minutes, taking out a sample, drying at room temperature, and testing;
and seventhly, recovering the absolute ethyl alcohol.
The invention utilizes a solvent method to dissolve polylactic acid particles, and the most suitable condition for processing raw materials is that the polylactic acid particles are dissolved in 20 minutes under ultrasonic. The whole dissolution requires room temperature. The method is characterized in that:
the preparation method for the foamed polylactic acid by using the solvent method is simple to operate, saves medicines, and simultaneously takes the polylactic acid as a substrate, has good overall toughness, simple preparation process, low cost, greenness, environmental protection and easy popularization.
Different molds are selected as casting containers according to the requirement for casting, and the films can be removed within 2 minutes after the casting is finished.
(1) A piece of weighing paper is taken and placed on an electronic balance to be peeled (namely reset), and the processed polylactic acid raw material is weighed by tweezers.
(2) And taking out the clean evaporating dish to be used as a grinding tool for circular film paving.
(3) And (3) putting a piece of weighing paper on an electronic balance for peeling (namely zero clearing), putting the weighed polylactic acid particles in the step (1) into a screw cap bottle, putting the screw cap bottle on the electronic balance for peeling again (namely zero clearing), then adding a corresponding dichloromethane solution, and shaking up to dissolve.
(4) And (3) pouring a proper amount of absolute ethyl alcohol into the evaporating dish in the step (2).
(5) Pouring the solution in the step (4) into the liquid environment in the step (4), and observing the interface until the solution is uniformly spread.
(6) After about 2 minutes, the substrate is whitish and coagulated, and then taken out for drying at room temperature
(7) And (5) recovering the absolute ethyl alcohol.
The invention has the following technical effects:
the invention provides a preparation method for preparing a foamed polylactic acid material by a solvent method.
The first stage is to treat polylactic acid grains, and the second stage is to prepare the material by using a solution suspension spreading method model.
The polylactic acid prepared by the method is used as a main raw material, has good toughness, simple preparation process and low cost, is green and environment-friendly, and is easy to popularize.
2. The method for preparing the clean degradable foamed polylactic acid material by adopting the normal-temperature foaming technology according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the polylactic acid used in the step (1) is a degradable material.
3. The method for preparing the clean degradable foamed polylactic acid material by adopting the normal-temperature foaming technology according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: in the step (4), the used liquid environment is environment-friendly and clean.
4. The method for preparing the clean degradable foamed polylactic acid material by adopting the normal-temperature foaming technology according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the step (5) and the step (6). And a normal-temperature solution foaming technology is adopted, so that resources are saved.
5. The method for preparing the clean degradable foamed polylactic acid material by adopting the normal-temperature foaming technology according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: in the step (7). The waste liquid can be recycled, and resources are saved.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010892910.0A CN114102955A (en) | 2020-08-31 | 2020-08-31 | Method for preparing foamed polylactic acid by adopting normal-temperature foaming technology |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010892910.0A CN114102955A (en) | 2020-08-31 | 2020-08-31 | Method for preparing foamed polylactic acid by adopting normal-temperature foaming technology |
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| CN114102955A true CN114102955A (en) | 2022-03-01 |
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| EP1343886A2 (en) * | 2000-07-11 | 2003-09-17 | Corixa Corporation | Compositions and methods for the therapy and diagnosis of lung cancer |
| CN1921972A (en) * | 2004-02-26 | 2007-02-28 | 名古屋油化株式会社 | Flame-retardant porous sheets, moldings thereof, and flame-retardant acoustical absorbents for automobiles |
| WO2008028344A1 (en) * | 2006-08-29 | 2008-03-13 | Tianjin Greenbio Material Co. Ltd. | The composition containing polyhydroxyalkanoate copolymer and polylactic acid used for foam |
| CN102229707A (en) * | 2011-05-16 | 2011-11-02 | 四川大学 | Biodegradable poly (butylene adipate terephthalate) micro-pore foaming particle with high foamability and preparation method thereof |
| CN104513235A (en) * | 2013-09-02 | 2015-04-15 | 广东东阳光药业有限公司 | Substituted aminopyrimidine compound and use thereof |
| CN106947117A (en) * | 2017-05-04 | 2017-07-14 | 淄博成达塑化有限公司 | Fiber reinforcement starch foaming tableware of complete biodegradable and preparation method thereof |
-
2020
- 2020-08-31 CN CN202010892910.0A patent/CN114102955A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP1343886A2 (en) * | 2000-07-11 | 2003-09-17 | Corixa Corporation | Compositions and methods for the therapy and diagnosis of lung cancer |
| CN1921972A (en) * | 2004-02-26 | 2007-02-28 | 名古屋油化株式会社 | Flame-retardant porous sheets, moldings thereof, and flame-retardant acoustical absorbents for automobiles |
| WO2008028344A1 (en) * | 2006-08-29 | 2008-03-13 | Tianjin Greenbio Material Co. Ltd. | The composition containing polyhydroxyalkanoate copolymer and polylactic acid used for foam |
| CN102229707A (en) * | 2011-05-16 | 2011-11-02 | 四川大学 | Biodegradable poly (butylene adipate terephthalate) micro-pore foaming particle with high foamability and preparation method thereof |
| CN104513235A (en) * | 2013-09-02 | 2015-04-15 | 广东东阳光药业有限公司 | Substituted aminopyrimidine compound and use thereof |
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