CN114102451B - Natural raw lacquer ceramic composite diamond tool and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

Natural raw lacquer ceramic composite diamond tool and preparation method thereof Download PDF

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CN114102451B
CN114102451B CN202111329532.6A CN202111329532A CN114102451B CN 114102451 B CN114102451 B CN 114102451B CN 202111329532 A CN202111329532 A CN 202111329532A CN 114102451 B CN114102451 B CN 114102451B
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lacquer
diamond
powder
ceramic
natural
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CN114102451A (en
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陆静
黄景銮
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Huaqiao University
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24D—TOOLS FOR GRINDING, BUFFING OR SHARPENING
    • B24D3/00—Physical features of abrasive bodies, or sheets, e.g. abrasive surfaces of special nature; Abrasive bodies or sheets characterised by their constituents
    • B24D3/02—Physical features of abrasive bodies, or sheets, e.g. abrasive surfaces of special nature; Abrasive bodies or sheets characterised by their constituents the constituent being used as bonding agent
    • B24D3/04—Physical features of abrasive bodies, or sheets, e.g. abrasive surfaces of special nature; Abrasive bodies or sheets characterised by their constituents the constituent being used as bonding agent and being essentially inorganic
    • B24D3/14—Physical features of abrasive bodies, or sheets, e.g. abrasive surfaces of special nature; Abrasive bodies or sheets characterised by their constituents the constituent being used as bonding agent and being essentially inorganic ceramic, i.e. vitrified bondings
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24D—TOOLS FOR GRINDING, BUFFING OR SHARPENING
    • B24D18/00—Manufacture of grinding tools or other grinding devices, e.g. wheels, not otherwise provided for
    • B24D18/009—Tools not otherwise provided for
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24D—TOOLS FOR GRINDING, BUFFING OR SHARPENING
    • B24D3/00—Physical features of abrasive bodies, or sheets, e.g. abrasive surfaces of special nature; Abrasive bodies or sheets characterised by their constituents
    • B24D3/34—Physical features of abrasive bodies, or sheets, e.g. abrasive surfaces of special nature; Abrasive bodies or sheets characterised by their constituents characterised by additives enhancing special physical properties, e.g. wear resistance, electric conductivity, self-cleaning properties
    • B24D3/342—Physical features of abrasive bodies, or sheets, e.g. abrasive surfaces of special nature; Abrasive bodies or sheets characterised by their constituents characterised by additives enhancing special physical properties, e.g. wear resistance, electric conductivity, self-cleaning properties incorporated in the bonding agent

Abstract

The invention discloses a natural raw lacquer ceramic composite diamond tool and a preparation method thereof, wherein the natural raw lacquer ceramic composite diamond tool is prepared by slurry prepared from diamond micro powder with the particle size of 10-50 mu m, ceramic bonding agent and natural raw lacquer through a direct-writing forming method, and the mass ratio of the diamond micro powder, the ceramic bonding agent and the natural raw lacquer is 7.5-10:50-55: 35-75.

Description

Natural raw lacquer ceramic composite diamond tool and preparation method thereof
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of grinding tool materials, and particularly relates to a natural raw lacquer ceramic composite diamond tool and a preparation method thereof.
Background
With the development of ultra-precision grinding technology, higher requirements are put forward on the processing efficiency and the processing quality of the grinding wheel. The ceramic bond diamond grinding wheel with the porous structure has the advantages of good self-sharpening property, large chip removal space, small grinding force and the like in the using process, and has obvious advantages in grinding materials with high hardness, large brittleness and high precision requirement, such as semiconductor substrates, hard alloys, novel ceramics and the like. In the prior art, a diamond tool is mainly prepared in a hot-press forming mode, a traditional hot-press forming method utilizes dry mixing to easily agglomerate, manual pressing of a simple shape cannot meet the requirement of a high-quality grinding track, the product consistency is poor, and the automation degree is low.
The 3D printing technology is applied to the preparation of the diamond tool, so that a complex structure can be formed at one time, and the product quality and the efficiency are improved. The printing techniques SLM, SLS currently used to prepare diamond tools utilize high energy laser sintering powder, one layer being cured and the next being molded. The diamond abrasive material can be graphitized at the temperature of over 700 ℃, and the sintering layer by layer is easy to cause the uneven quality of the product. In addition, when the 3D printing technology is applied to the preparation of diamond tools, commonly used bonding agents are resin bonding agents and ceramic bonding agents. The resin binder has good viscosity and elasticity, but poor thermal stability; the ceramic bond has high strength and good self-sharpening property, but the loss amount is large in the grinding process. The ceramic bond diamond grinding wheel needs to be sintered at high temperature, the preparation time is long, the shape and size of the sintered grinding wheel are changed greatly, and the high-temperature sintering can cause thermal damage to diamond micro powder, so that diamond graphitization is caused, and the grinding quality is influenced.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provides a natural raw lacquer ceramic composite diamond tool.
The invention also aims to provide a preparation method of the natural raw lacquer ceramic composite diamond tool.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
a natural raw lacquer ceramic composite diamond tool is prepared by slurry prepared by diamond micro powder with the grain size of 10-50 mu m, ceramic bonding agent and natural raw lacquer through a slurry direct writing forming method, wherein the mass ratio of the diamond micro powder to the ceramic bonding agent to the natural raw lacquer is 7.5-10:50-55: 35-75;
the ceramic binder is composed of tile ash, silicon powder, aluminum oxide, potassium oxide and calcium oxide in a mass ratio of 77-82: 8-11: 4-6: 5-8: 1-3.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the slurry is composed of diamond micropowder, ceramic binder and lacquer in a mass ratio of 7.5-10: 51-53: 40-70.
More preferably, the ceramic binder is composed of tile ash, silicon powder, aluminum oxide, potassium oxide and calcium oxide in a mass ratio of 77-82: 10: 5: 7: 2.
More preferably, the ceramic binder consists of tile ash, silicon powder, aluminum oxide, potassium oxide and calcium oxide in a mass ratio of 82: 10: 5: 7: 2.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the slurry is composed of diamond micropowder, ceramic binder and lacquer in a mass ratio of 10:50 to 60: 53.
Further preferably, the slurry consists of diamond micro powder, ceramic bond and natural raw lacquer in a mass ratio of 10: 50: 53.
The preparation method of the natural raw lacquer ceramic composite diamond tool is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
(1) fully mixing the ceramic bonding agent and the diamond micro powder to obtain mixed powder;
(2) uniformly mixing the mixed powder prepared in the step (1) with natural raw lacquer to obtain slurry;
(3) adding the slurry prepared in the step (2) into a needle cylinder of slurry direct-writing forming equipment, and printing the slurry into a designed shape in a layer-by-layer overlapping mode to obtain a blank body;
(4) and (4) curing the blank prepared in the step (3) at a low temperature to obtain the natural raw lacquer ceramic composite diamond tool.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the printing process parameters are: the printing speed of the needle head is 10-15mm/s, the radius of the nozzle is 1.5-1.8mm, the flow rate is 90-120%, and the temperature is 25-30 ℃.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the curing is: drying for 7-8 days in an environment with the temperature of 25-30 ℃ and the humidity of 75-80%.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention: the printing process parameters are as follows: the printing speed of a needle head is 10mm/s, the radius of a nozzle is 1.5mm, the flow rate is 100 percent, and the temperature is 25 ℃; the curing is as follows: drying at 25 deg.C and humidity of 80% for 7 days.
The beneficial effects of the invention are:
1. according to the invention, the natural raw lacquer with natural slow-drying property and the ceramic binder with a specific formula are mixed into the slurry, the 3D printing forming performance can be met without other binders, the thermal treatment is not required, the good bonding between layers can be ensured by slow curing at normal temperature, uniform and consistent diamond grinding wheel agglomeration is obtained, and the thermal damage to diamond micro powder caused by high-temperature sintering is avoided.
2. The diamond tool prepared by the invention has good shape retention, can obtain a grinding wheel which does not contain water and does not shrink after solidification, and avoids the problem of serious volume shrinkage of other binders.
3. The invention integrates the properties of the resin/ceramic bond, has the properties of good elasticity and small grinding force of the resin bond, and has the advantages of good self-sharpening property, high grinding precision and high efficiency of the ceramic bond.
4. The invention can realize integrated molding by utilizing slurry direct-writing molding, improve the processing efficiency, prepare the diamond tool with a complex structure and realize the control of the grinding track.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a graph of the rheology and extrusion profile of slurries of different lacquer content in example 2 of the invention.
FIG. 2 is a surface topography of a sapphire substrate after grinding with different wheels in example 3 of the present invention, wherein (a) the original surface, (b) a conventional vitrified bond wheel, and (c) a diamond tool of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solution of the present invention will be further illustrated and described below with reference to the accompanying drawings by means of specific embodiments.
Example 1
(1) Mixing tile ash, silicon powder, aluminum oxide, potassium oxide, calcium oxide and W10 diamond micropowder in the following weight parts shown in the table 1 for 4 hours at the rotating speed of 800r/min by using a mixer to obtain mixed powder; mixing the prepared mixed powder with natural raw lacquer (natural lacquer with the purity of 100 percent, purchased from Shanxi leading national lacquer enterprises) for 30min at the rotating speed of 600r/min according to the proportion shown in the following table 1 to obtain slurry; the specifications of the tile ash, the silicon powder, the aluminum oxide, the potassium oxide and the calcium oxide are all 300 nanometer powder, the purity is 99.5 percent, and the tile ash, the silicon powder, the aluminum oxide, the potassium oxide and the calcium oxide are purchased from Shanghai Merlin Biotech limited.
TABLE 1
Figure BDA0003347202000000031
Figure BDA0003347202000000041
(2) And (2) pressing and molding the slurry prepared in the step (1) by using a mold, and drying for 7 days in an environment with the temperature of 25 ℃ and the humidity of 80% to obtain the natural raw lacquer ceramic composite diamond agglomerate. The properties of the natural raw lacquer ceramic composite diamond agglomerates prepared in the step are shown in the following table 2:
TABLE 2
Serial number Bending strength (MPa) Compressive strength (MPa) Microhardness (HV) Shrinkage (%)
1 9.13 9.68 214 0.115
2 8.87 9.32 205 0.114
3 8.15 8.89 193 0.112
4 7.23 7.61 186 0.110
5 10.78 10.90 227 0.116
6 9.45 9.88 215 0.113
7 8.76 9.14 208 0.112
8 8.23 8.76 196 0.111
9 13.26 14.73 263 0.114
10 11.43 12.13 256 0.112
11 10.59 11.35 240 0.110
12 9.89 9.23 229 0.110
Example 2
(1) According to the mechanical property and shrinkage rate results in table 2 of example 1, ceramic slurry prepared by selecting formulas with the serial numbers of 9, 10, 11 and 12 with relatively high mechanical strength and relatively small shrinkage rate is tested for rheological property and extrusion molding condition;
(2) adding the prepared slurry into a needle cylinder of slurry direct-writing forming equipment, and printing the slurry into a designed shape in a layer-by-layer overlapping mode to obtain a blank body; the printing process parameters are as follows: the printing speed of a needle head is 10mm/s, the radius of a nozzle is 1.5mm, the flow rate is 100 percent, and the temperature is 25 ℃; the rheological properties of the slurries and the extrusion profile for the different formulations are shown in FIG. 1 below.
(3) As shown in FIG. 1, the formula 9 has oscillation in viscosity and shear stress with increasing shear rate, and cannot realize extrusion molding; the formulation of the groups 10 and 11 increases with the shear rate, the viscosity decreases firstly and then tends to be flat, the shear stress increases firstly and then does not change, and the shear thinning property is realized. The extrusion can be well molded without collapse between layers. The formula 12 has the advantages that the viscosity is reduced and the shear stress is increased with the increase of the shear rate, the extrusion can be realized, but the forming effect is poor and the collapse condition exists.
Example 3
The formulations numbered 10 and 11 in example 1 were used to prepare slurries, and diamond tools were made by the procedure of example 2 (using the printing process parameters of example 2 and the curing regime of example 1).
The diamond tool is of a tooth-shaped structure, and has an outer diameter of 110mm and an inner diameter of 90 mm. The diamond tool and a diamond tool without using a lacquer (the process parameters of the printing prepared by the diamond tool are basically the same as those of the example 2, wherein the curing parameters are: 680 ℃ heat preservation sintering for 2h) are used for grinding a sapphire substrate, and the original surface roughness of the sapphire substrate is 900 nm. The diamond tool was attached to the center of the upper plate with 502 glue, the sapphire substrate was fixed to the lower plate with wax, the upper plate rotating at 60rpm and the lower plate rotating at 120 rpm. The pressure in the processing process is 40N, and deionized water is used as grinding fluid. The surface roughness and processing time of the sapphire substrate after grinding with different diamond tools are shown in table 3, the surface of the vitrified bond grinding wheel after grinding has obvious scratches, and the surface of the lacquer vitrified bond grinding wheel after grinding has no obvious scratches and is smoother (as shown in fig. 2).
TABLE 3
Type (B) Grinding time (min) Surface roughness (nm)
Ceramic bond diamond tool 90 85
Number 10 of the invention 90 62
Inventive code 11 90 68
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and therefore should not be taken as limiting the scope of the invention, which is defined by the appended claims.

Claims (8)

1. A natural raw lacquer ceramic composite diamond tool is characterized in that: the diamond powder-ceramic binder-natural raw lacquer-natural lacquer-diamond powder-natural lacquer-diamond powder-natural lacquer-diamond powder is prepared by a direct-writing slurry forming method, wherein the mass ratio of the diamond powder to the ceramic binder to the natural raw lacquer-natural lacquer-diamond powder is 7.5-10 micron;
the ceramic binder is composed of tile ash, silicon powder, aluminum oxide, potassium oxide and calcium oxide in a mass ratio of 77-82: 8-11: 4-6: 5-8: 1-3.
2. The natural green ceramic composite diamond tool of claim 1, wherein: the slurry consists of diamond micro powder, ceramic bond and natural raw lacquer in a mass ratio of 7.5-10: 51-53: 40-70.
3. The natural green ceramic composite diamond tool of claim 2, wherein: the ceramic binder is composed of tile ash, silicon powder, aluminum oxide, potassium oxide and calcium oxide in a mass ratio of 77-82: 10: 5: 7: 2.
4. A lacquer ceramic composite diamond tool as claimed in claim 3, wherein: the ceramic binder is composed of tile ash, silicon powder, aluminum oxide, potassium oxide and calcium oxide in a mass ratio of 82: 10: 5: 7: 2.
5. A method of making a lacquer ceramic composite diamond tool as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein: the method comprises the following steps:
(1) fully mixing the ceramic bond and the diamond micro powder to obtain mixed powder;
(2) uniformly mixing the mixed powder prepared in the step (1) with natural raw lacquer to obtain slurry;
(3) adding the slurry prepared in the step (2) into a needle cylinder of slurry direct-writing forming equipment, and printing the slurry into a designed shape in a layer-by-layer overlapping mode to obtain a blank body;
(4) and (4) curing the blank prepared in the step (3) at a low temperature to obtain the natural raw lacquer ceramic composite diamond tool.
6. The method of claim 5, wherein: the printing process parameters are as follows: the printing speed of the needle head is 10-15mm/s, the radius of the nozzle is 1.5-1.8mm, the flow rate is 90-120%, and the temperature is 25-30 ℃.
7. The method of claim 5, wherein: the curing is as follows: drying for 7-8 days in an environment with the temperature of 25-30 ℃ and the humidity of 75-80%.
8. The method of claim 5, wherein: the printing process parameters are as follows: the printing speed of a needle head is 10mm/s, the radius of a nozzle is 1.5mm, the flow rate is 100 percent, and the temperature is 25 ℃; the curing is as follows: drying at 25 deg.C and 80% humidity for 7 days.
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Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS5969483A (en) * 1982-10-07 1984-04-19 有限会社　日本グレ−ン研究所 Ceramic bond diamond grinding stone
CN108455972A (en) * 2018-01-10 2018-08-28 苏州拜博机电科技有限公司 A method of regulation and control direct write molding sizing material forming performance
JP2019126868A (en) * 2018-01-23 2019-08-01 株式会社ディスコ Grinding wheel
CN111558904A (en) * 2020-05-27 2020-08-21 中南大学 3D printing manufacturing process of metal ceramic bond CBN grinding wheel
CN112692956A (en) * 2020-12-28 2021-04-23 华侨大学 Slurry direct-writing forming method of honeycomb-shaped diamond tool
CN112723902A (en) * 2020-12-28 2021-04-30 华侨大学 Slurry direct-writing forming method of diamond tool

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS5969483A (en) * 1982-10-07 1984-04-19 有限会社　日本グレ−ン研究所 Ceramic bond diamond grinding stone
CN108455972A (en) * 2018-01-10 2018-08-28 苏州拜博机电科技有限公司 A method of regulation and control direct write molding sizing material forming performance
JP2019126868A (en) * 2018-01-23 2019-08-01 株式会社ディスコ Grinding wheel
CN111558904A (en) * 2020-05-27 2020-08-21 中南大学 3D printing manufacturing process of metal ceramic bond CBN grinding wheel
CN112692956A (en) * 2020-12-28 2021-04-23 华侨大学 Slurry direct-writing forming method of honeycomb-shaped diamond tool
CN112723902A (en) * 2020-12-28 2021-04-30 华侨大学 Slurry direct-writing forming method of diamond tool

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