CN114100013B - Friction and impact type descent control device damping device - Google Patents
Friction and impact type descent control device damping device Download PDFInfo
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- CN114100013B CN114100013B CN202111481932.9A CN202111481932A CN114100013B CN 114100013 B CN114100013 B CN 114100013B CN 202111481932 A CN202111481932 A CN 202111481932A CN 114100013 B CN114100013 B CN 114100013B
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62B—DEVICES, APPARATUS OR METHODS FOR LIFE-SAVING
- A62B35/00—Safety belts or body harnesses; Similar equipment for limiting displacement of the human body, especially in case of sudden changes of motion
- A62B35/04—Safety belts or body harnesses; Similar equipment for limiting displacement of the human body, especially in case of sudden changes of motion incorporating energy absorbing means
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
- A62B—DEVICES, APPARATUS OR METHODS FOR LIFE-SAVING
- A62B35/00—Safety belts or body harnesses; Similar equipment for limiting displacement of the human body, especially in case of sudden changes of motion
- A62B35/0043—Lifelines, lanyards, and anchors therefore
- A62B35/0075—Details of ropes or similar equipment, e.g. between the secured person and the lifeline or anchor
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Abstract
A friction and impact type damping device for a descent control device relates to the field of high-altitude lifesaving descent control devices, and the device generates a damping effect by the friction of a centrifugal body and the inner circular surface of a friction ring with a rectangular cross section in a box body on one hand, and on the other hand, the friction ring is provided with a plurality of through holes or notches along the radial direction and is respectively filled with 1 steel ball, the edge of an impact disc is vertically provided with a plurality of impact columns, the impact columns slide in an annular channel formed between the friction ring and the inner circular surface of the box body, the bottom of the steel ball is continuously impacted by the impact columns, the steel balls further push the centrifugal body inwards to retract, and the impact damping effect is generated.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a high-altitude lifesaving slow descending device, in particular to a friction and impact type slow descending device damping device.
Background
The high-altitude lifesaving slow descending device in the prior art is mainly divided into two types, one type is a friction type, namely, the rotating speed is limited through the friction force between a centrifugal body rotating at a high speed and the inner circular surface of a box body, so that the purpose of slow descending at a constant speed is achieved. The device has the following two main advantages that firstly, the structure is simple, and the manufacturing cost is low; and secondly, the bearing is stable, no impact force exists, and the phenomenon of accidental damage is not easy to occur. On one hand, because the friction coefficient between two metal materials is generally small, after the friction generates heat, the metal surface layer property of the friction material is changed, the hardness is reduced, the friction coefficient is reduced, the damping effect is reduced, and even the slow-falling effect is ineffective. Some descent control devices have larger size and mainly enhance the damping effect, and have the defects of more material consumption, heavy weight and higher cost. The friction type damping device has the other problem of water and oil resistance, namely once media such as water and oil enter between friction pairs, the friction coefficient is rapidly reduced, the damping effect is greatly reduced, and even the slow-lowering effect is failed.
Another type of high altitude lifesaving slow descending device is an impact type, and the damping effect of the high altitude lifesaving slow descending device mainly comes from continuous impact between running parts or between the running parts and a fixed part without stopping and friction. The most important advantage is that the defect that the damping effect is seriously influenced when media such as water, oil and the like enter a friction pair of the descent control device is overcome. At present, a plurality of inventions and technologies are available in the prior art, and the essence of the inventions and technologies is that impact type damping devices are different only in structure.
All impact damping devices involve both safety and stability and cost. In the aspect of safety stability, the problems of abrasion and damage of components caused by impact mainly exist, wherein the damage of the components is mainly caused by that metal materials reach the fatigue limit strength due to the impact or are subjected to overlarge instantaneous impact force and unreasonable stress. The cost problem is mainly that the cost is greatly increased by selecting special materials for preventing the damage of the parts, the material selection problem of the parts directly participating in the impact is not only related, and the anti-damage strength and the anti-fatigue strength of other related transmission parts are required to be improved.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects of a friction type damping device and an impact type damping device, the invention provides a friction and impact type descent control device which has the advantages that on one hand, a centrifugal body which does circular motion rubs with the inner circular surface of a friction ring in a box body to play a friction damping role, on the other hand, a striking disc continuously strikes steel balls and steel balls in a circular hole or a notch of the friction ring to push the centrifugal body inwards to retract and play a collision damping role, namely, a damping mode combining friction and collision is adopted to make up the defect that the safety of a single friction type is not reliable, the striking disc is not easy to damage due to the collision of the striking disc and the steel balls, the stress is reasonable, the safety and stability problems of the single impact type damping device are solved, the advantages and the characteristics of two types of damping devices are combined, and the overall performance is obviously enhanced.
The invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the utility model provides a friction and striking formula slowly fall ware damping device, includes box body, rope sheave, acceleration mechanism and thumb wheel, and the rope sheave passes through acceleration mechanism and drives the thumb wheel rotation, and the thumb wheel periphery is equipped with a plurality of evenly distributed's radial claw, 1 centrifugal body of movable assembly between two adjacent radial claws, and the centrifugal body can reciprocating motion certain distance, characterized by in the footpath: the friction ring with a rectangular cross section is arranged in the box body, the outer side surface of the friction ring is fixedly assembled with the inner wall of the side surface of the box body, the inner circular surface of the friction ring is a friction surface which is positioned at the periphery of the shifting wheel and keeps a certain gap with the end head of a radial claw of the shifting wheel, an annular channel is formed between the outer circular surface of the friction ring and the inner circular surface of the box body, the friction ring is provided with a plurality of round holes or rectangular gaps in the radial direction, namely steel ball slideways, the circumference of the massage friction ring is uniformly distributed, 1 steel ball is movably assembled in each steel ball slideway, 1 impact disc is arranged on the inner side of the friction ring, the impact disc and the shifting wheel are simultaneously assembled with the tail end of the speed increasing mechanism and synchronously rotate, and a plurality of impact columns are vertically arranged on the edge of the impact disc along the axial direction, the striking columns and the centrifugal bodies have the same quantity and are uniformly distributed according to the circumference of the striking plate, all the striking columns are inserted into the annular channel and can slide in the annular channel, in a static state, when each steel ball passes through the annular channel between two adjacent striking columns and is movably contacted with the inner circular surface of the box body, the steel ball does not exceed the friction surfaces on two sides of the steel ball slideway, when the shifting wheel and the striking plate synchronously rotate, the centrifugal body circularly moves, the outer circular surface of the centrifugal body is movably contacted with the friction surfaces to generate friction, and simultaneously, the striking columns continuously strike with the bottom of the steel ball and pass through the space between the steel ball and the inner circular surface of the box body, so that the steel ball moves to the center of the box body along the steel ball slideway to exceed the friction surfaces by a certain height and push the corresponding centrifugal bodies to retract inwards by a certain distance.
The working principle is as follows: when the rope pulley rotates, the rope pulley drives the shifting wheel and the impact disc to synchronously rotate through the speed increasing mechanism, wherein the shifting wheel pushes the centrifugal body to do circular motion, and the centrifugal body and the friction surface generate friction by virtue of centrifugal force to generate damping action on the shifting wheel. Meanwhile, when the impact disc rotates, the impact column continuously impacts the steel balls and penetrates through the inner circular surface of the box body from the steel balls, so that the steel balls move to the center of the box body along the steel ball slide way and exceed the friction surface by a certain height, the corresponding centrifugal body is pushed to retract inwards for a certain distance, therefore, the centrifugal body and the steel balls can play a damping role on the impact disc, then the centrifugal body is thrown outwards and continuously generates friction with the friction surface, the impacted steel balls are pushed back to the original position, the impact column impacts the next steel ball, and the operation is repeated. When the damping device is just started, the centrifugal force of the centrifugal body is small, the friction force is small, and the reaction force of the steel balls to the impact column is small, so that the damping device is easy to start. With the increase of the rotating speed of the shifting wheel and the impact disc, the centrifugal force of the centrifugal body is increased, the friction force is increased, the steel balls push the centrifugal body to retract inwards to do work (namely, consume energy) more and more, so the damping effect of the centrifugal body on the shifting wheel and the steel balls on the impact disc is stronger and stronger, finally, the rope wheel rotates at a constant speed, and a human body or a heavy object falls at a constant speed.
In the friction type damping device in the prior art, because the centrifugal body rubs with the inner circular surface of the box body, the inner circular surface of most box bodies is required to be provided with the inner gear ring, and if the friction type damping device is made of special wear-resistant and high-temperature-resistant materials, the manufacturing cost is very high. The friction ring in the device can be independently made of special materials, so the manufacturing cost is relatively low. In addition, the impact column of the impact disc can be formed by stamping and bending, and the thumb wheel can also be formed by stacking stamping parts, so that the overall manufacturing cost of the device is low.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the device adopts a damping mode combining friction and impact, can have two advantages and characteristics of a friction type damping device and an impact type damping device, obviously improves the damping effect, is not afraid of oil and water, has low overall manufacturing cost, simultaneously has reasonable stress on parts, is not easy to damage, and obviously enhances the safety and stability on the whole.
The present invention is further described below with reference to fig. 1 to 8.
Drawings
FIG. 1: the damping device of the friction and impact descent control device is structurally schematic;
FIG. 2: view A-A of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3: a friction ring front view;
FIG. 4: view B-B of FIG. 3;
FIG. 5: a front view of the impact disc;
FIG. 6: C-C view of FIG. 5;
FIG. 7: a thumb wheel schematic;
FIG. 8: schematic representation of the centrifuge.
In each figure: the device comprises a box body 1, a rope wheel 2, an inner gear ring 3, a planetary gear 4, a central gear 5, a dial wheel 6, a radial claw 7, a friction ring 8, a friction surface 9, a steel ball slideway 10, a fixing screw hole 11, an annular channel 12, an impact disc 13, an impact column 14, a centrifugal body 15 and a steel ball 16.
The specific implementation mode is as follows:
fig. 1 and 2 are schematic structural diagrams of a damping device (hereinafter referred to as a damping device) of a friction and impact descent control device according to the present invention. The damping device comprises a box body 1, a rope pulley 2, an inner gear ring 3, a planetary gear 4, a central gear 5, a thumb wheel 6, a friction ring 8, an impact disc 13, a centrifugal body 15 and steel balls 16. The inner gear ring, the planetary gear and the central gear form a speed increasing mechanism, a gear shaft of the planetary gear is installed on the rope pulley, and finally the rope pulley drives the central gear at the transmission tail end to rotate at a high speed.
As shown in fig. 1 and 7, 4 radial claws 7 are uniformly distributed around the thumb wheel 6. As shown in fig. 1 and 8, 4 centrifugal bodies 15 are respectively located between two adjacent radial claws.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, a friction ring 8 with a rectangular cross section is arranged in the box body 1. As shown in fig. 3 and 4, the friction ring is provided with 3 fixing screw holes 11 along the axial direction, and the outer side surface of the friction ring is fixedly assembled with the inner wall of the side surface of the box body through screws. An annular channel 12 is formed between the outer circumferential surface of the friction ring and the inner circumferential surface of the cartridge body.
As shown in fig. 1, 3 and 4, the inner circular surface of the friction ring 8 is a friction surface 9, which is located on the periphery of the thumb wheel 6 and keeps a certain clearance from the end of the radial pawl 7 of the thumb wheel. The friction ring is provided with 3 round hole-shaped steel ball slideways 10 along the radial direction, and each steel ball slideway is movably assembled with 1 steel ball 16.
As shown in fig. 2, 1 striking plate 13 is provided on the back side of the friction ring 8 and the dial 6. As shown in fig. 5 and 6, the edge of the impact disk 13 is provided with 4 impact posts 14 distributed uniformly, and can be formed by punching and bending. Each impact post is inserted into the annular channel 12 and can slide therein. The centers of the thumb wheel and the impact disc are both in the shape of an internal gear ring and are assembled with the central gear 5 to synchronously rotate. As shown in fig. 2, the inner edge of the impact plate contacts with the side surface of the inner gear ring 3, i.e. the impact plate is axially limited by the side surface of the inner gear ring.
In a static state, the steel balls 16 in each steel ball slideway 10 pass through the annular channel 12 between two adjacent impact columns 14 and then are in movable contact with the inner circular surface of the box body 1, and meanwhile, the height of the steel balls in the steel ball slideways 10 does not exceed the friction surface 9, namely, the contact between the centrifugal body 15 and the friction surface is not influenced at the moment.
The working principle is as follows: when the rope pulley 2 rotates, the rope pulley drives the shifting wheel 6 and the impact disc 13 to synchronously rotate through the speed increasing mechanism, wherein the shifting wheel pushes the centrifugal body 15 to do circular motion, and the centrifugal body and the friction surface 9 of the friction ring 8 generate friction by means of centrifugal force, so that a damping effect is generated on the shifting wheel. Meanwhile, when the striking plate rotates, the striking column 14 continuously strikes against the bottom of the steel ball 16 and passes through the space between the steel ball and the inner circular surface of the box body 1, so that the steel ball moves to the center of the box body along the steel ball slideway 10 and exceeds the friction surface by a certain height, thereby pushing the corresponding centrifugal body to retract inwards by a certain distance, therefore, the centrifugal body and the steel ball can play a damping role on the striking plate, then the centrifugal body is thrown outwards and continuously generates friction with the friction surface, the struck steel ball is pushed back to the original position, the striking column strikes against the next steel ball, and the operation is repeated. When the damping device is just started, the centrifugal force of the centrifugal body is small, the friction force is small, and the reaction force of the steel balls to the impact column is small, so that the damping device is easy to start. As the rotating speeds of the shifting wheel and the impact disc are increased, the centrifugal force of the centrifugal body is increased, the friction force is increased, the steel ball pushes the centrifugal body to retract inwards, the work (namely energy consumption) is increased, the damping effect of the centrifugal body on the shifting wheel and the steel ball on the impact disc is enhanced, finally, the rope wheel rotates at a constant speed, and a human body or a heavy object falls at a constant speed.
The contact part between the two sides of the impact column and the steel ball can be processed into an inclined plane, that is, the original line and ball contact between the impact column and the steel ball is changed into surface and ball contact, so as to reduce plastic deformation and impact force and ensure that the whole impact damping device is stressed more stably.
In the embodiment, the number of the centrifugal bodies and the number of the impact columns are 4, and the number of the steel balls is 3, so that one purpose is to ensure that the time intervals of collision between the impact columns and the steel balls are relatively balanced in the rotation process of the impact disc, avoid concentrated impact at a certain moment and have no impact in a certain time period; the second purpose is that steel balls cannot be too much, otherwise the friction damping of the centrifugal body and the friction surface is obviously weakened.
In the present embodiment, the rotation speed ratio of the sheave and the sun gear is set to 1:4, every time the rope wheel rotates for one circle, the central gear, the shifting wheel and the impact disc rotate for 4 circles. Each impact column impacts with the steel ball 3 times and 4 impact columns impact with the steel ball 12 times in each 1-week rotation of the impact disc. The circumference of the rope sheave is 14.44cm calculated as the diameter of the rope sheave wound around the steel wire rope is 4.6 cm. If the falling speed of a human body or a heavy object is 100 cm/s, the rotating speed of the rope wheel is 6.94 revolutions/s, and the total number of times of the 4 impact columns of the impact disc and the steel balls is as follows: 6.94 × 4 × 12=333.12 times/second, therefore, the better damping effect can be realized only by impacting the steel ball by the impact disc, and the safety stability of the descent control device can be obviously enhanced as a whole by the action of friction damping.
Claims (1)
1. The utility model provides a friction and striking formula slowly fall ware damping device, includes box body, rope sheave, acceleration mechanism and thumb wheel, and the rope sheave passes through acceleration mechanism and drives the thumb wheel rotation, and the thumb wheel periphery is equipped with a plurality of evenly distributed's radial claw, 1 centrifugal body of movable assembly between two adjacent radial claws, and the centrifugal body can reciprocating motion certain distance, characterized by in the footpath: a friction ring with a rectangular cross section is arranged in the box body, the outer side surface of the friction ring is fixedly assembled with the inner wall of the side surface of the box body, the inner circular surface of the friction ring is a friction surface which is positioned at the periphery of the shifting wheel and keeps a certain gap with the end head of a radial claw of the shifting wheel, an annular channel is formed between the outer circular surface of the friction ring and the inner circular surface of the box body, a plurality of round holes or rectangular gaps are arranged on the friction ring in the radial direction, namely steel ball slideways which are uniformly distributed on the circumference of the massage friction ring, 1 steel ball is movably assembled in each steel ball slideway, 1 impact disc is arranged on the inner side of the friction ring, the impact disc and the shifting wheel are simultaneously assembled with the tail end of the speed increasing mechanism and synchronously rotate, and a plurality of impact columns are vertically arranged on the edge of the impact disc along the axial direction, the striking columns and the centrifugal bodies have the same quantity and are uniformly distributed according to the circumference of the striking plate, all the striking columns are inserted into the annular channel and can slide in the annular channel, in a static state, when each steel ball passes through the annular channel between two adjacent striking columns and is movably contacted with the inner circular surface of the box body, the steel ball does not exceed the friction surfaces on two sides of the steel ball slideway, when the shifting wheel and the striking plate synchronously rotate, the centrifugal body circularly moves, the outer circular surface of the centrifugal body is movably contacted with the friction surfaces of the friction rings to generate friction, meanwhile, the striking columns continuously strike the bottom of the steel ball and pass through the space between the steel ball and the inner circular surface of the box body, so that the steel ball moves to the center of the box body along the steel ball slideway to exceed the friction surfaces by a certain height, and the corresponding centrifugal body is pushed to retract inwards by a certain distance.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202111481932.9A CN114100013B (en) | 2021-12-07 | 2021-12-07 | Friction and impact type descent control device damping device |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202111481932.9A CN114100013B (en) | 2021-12-07 | 2021-12-07 | Friction and impact type descent control device damping device |
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| CN114100013A CN114100013A (en) | 2022-03-01 |
| CN114100013B true CN114100013B (en) | 2023-03-21 |
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Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103550872A (en) * | 2013-10-18 | 2014-02-05 | 吕雪寒 | Bidirectional track-changing type descending device damping unit |
| CN103638609A (en) * | 2013-11-30 | 2014-03-19 | 北华大学 | Descent controller damping device for metal particle medium |
| CN103656884A (en) * | 2013-12-09 | 2014-03-26 | 李国栋 | Slow descending protector |
| CN109157772A (en) * | 2018-11-01 | 2019-01-08 | 北华大学 | It hits and friction type descent control device damping unit |
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2021
- 2021-12-07 CN CN202111481932.9A patent/CN114100013B/en active Active
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103550872A (en) * | 2013-10-18 | 2014-02-05 | 吕雪寒 | Bidirectional track-changing type descending device damping unit |
| CN103638609A (en) * | 2013-11-30 | 2014-03-19 | 北华大学 | Descent controller damping device for metal particle medium |
| CN103656884A (en) * | 2013-12-09 | 2014-03-26 | 李国栋 | Slow descending protector |
| CN103920252A (en) * | 2013-12-09 | 2014-07-16 | 李国栋 | Slow descent protector |
| CN109157772A (en) * | 2018-11-01 | 2019-01-08 | 北华大学 | It hits and friction type descent control device damping unit |
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| CN114100013A (en) | 2022-03-01 |
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Application publication date: 20220301 Assignee: JILIN XUESHI CARBON MACHINERY EQUIPMENT MANUFACTURING Co.,Ltd. Assignor: BEIHUA University Contract record no.: X2023220000007 Denomination of invention: Friction and impact type retarder damping device Granted publication date: 20230321 License type: Exclusive License Record date: 20230926 |
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