CN114099996A - Portable oxygen supply method in high-altitude tourism - Google Patents

Portable oxygen supply method in high-altitude tourism Download PDF

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Publication number
CN114099996A
CN114099996A CN202111651829.4A CN202111651829A CN114099996A CN 114099996 A CN114099996 A CN 114099996A CN 202111651829 A CN202111651829 A CN 202111651829A CN 114099996 A CN114099996 A CN 114099996A
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oxygen
pressure
gas
cavity
valve
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李彬
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ZHENGZHOU TOURISM COLLEGE
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ZHENGZHOU TOURISM COLLEGE
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62B—DEVICES, APPARATUS OR METHODS FOR LIFE-SAVING
    • A62B7/00—Respiratory apparatus
    • A62B7/08—Respiratory apparatus containing chemicals producing oxygen
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62B—DEVICES, APPARATUS OR METHODS FOR LIFE-SAVING
    • A62B7/00—Respiratory apparatus
    • A62B7/02—Respiratory apparatus with compressed oxygen or air
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62B—DEVICES, APPARATUS OR METHODS FOR LIFE-SAVING
    • A62B7/00—Respiratory apparatus
    • A62B7/10—Respiratory apparatus with filter elements
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62B—DEVICES, APPARATUS OR METHODS FOR LIFE-SAVING
    • A62B9/00—Component parts for respiratory or breathing apparatus
    • A62B9/006—Indicators or warning devices, e.g. of low pressure, contamination
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62B—DEVICES, APPARATUS OR METHODS FOR LIFE-SAVING
    • A62B9/00—Component parts for respiratory or breathing apparatus
    • A62B9/02—Valves
    • A62B9/022—Breathing demand regulators

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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Pulmonology (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
  • Emergency Management (AREA)
  • Emergency Medicine (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Separation Using Semi-Permeable Membranes (AREA)
  • Oxygen, Ozone, And Oxides In General (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a portable oxygen supply method in a high-altitude tour, which comprises the following steps: s1, when the gas storage bottle needs to be filled, oxygen-enriched gas prepared by the oxygen-making mechanism enters the gas storage bottle through the oxygen-charging electromagnetic valve and the one-way valve of the control unit, the first pressure sensor monitors the oxygen-charging pressure in real time, when the oxygen-charging pressure in the bottle reaches a set value, the oxygen-charging is automatically stopped, and the filling of the gas storage bottle is completed; s2, when the gas storage bottle is used as an oxygen supply bottle, adjusting the pressure to 0.3-0.6 MPa through the first pressure reducing valve, outputting oxygen into the oxygen mask from the oxygen supply end through the oxygen supply electromagnetic valve, and monitoring the oxygen supply pressure in real time by the second pressure sensor to start oxygen supply; the portable oxygen supply method provided by the invention has the functions of oxygen generation and oxygen supply, effectively improves the blood oxygen saturation and overcomes the oxygen deficiency difficulty.

Description

Portable oxygen supply method in high-altitude tourism
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of oxygen supply, and particularly relates to a portable oxygen supply method in a high-altitude tourism way.
Background
Energy required by life activities of a human body is provided by oxidative metabolism of tissue cells, energy required by metabolic activities of the human body and heat energy for maintaining the body temperature are obtained by oxidizing nutrients in the body, and oxygen required by the oxidative metabolism is obtained by breathing. Energy metabolism in the human body is carried out in mitochondria, and energy can be obtained by oxidizing ingested nutrients, so that the energy must be obtained with sufficient oxygen supply. In the travel process, short-term acute hypoxia or long-term chronic hypoxia occurs in the external environment or the internal environment of a human body due to factors such as elevation, space closure, airflow obstruction, physiological characteristics and the like, so that the body function is obstructed. Because human nervous tissue is most sensitive to internal and external environment changes, brain function damage occurs earliest and is relatively serious under anoxic conditions, and the damage is more serious as the exposure time is longer, and particularly, the damage has obvious and lasting effects on cognitive functions such as sensation, memory, thinking, attention and the like, so that under the high altitude hypoxia environment, the blood pressure is increased, the heartbeat is accelerated, and even coma occurs, and the best method for resisting the anoxia is supplying oxygen, so that various symptoms caused by the anoxia are relieved and eliminated.
When travelling in an oxygen-poor area, a human body is easy to cause physical injury due to oxygen deficiency and altitude inadaptation, and the areas generally travel on foot, especially in a high altitude area, the reduction of atmospheric pressure and oxygen partial pressure in the atmosphere can cause the reduction of gas oxygen partial pressure and artery blood oxygen partial pressure in the alveoli of the human body, and hypotonic oxygen deficiency is generated, so that the blood oxygen saturation is reduced, the heart rate is increased, a series of physiological and pathological changes of the human body due to oxygen deficiency are generated, such as headache, dizziness, nausea, vomiting, insomnia, anorexia, tiredness, dyspnea and the like, and acute and chronic altitude diseases are caused seriously. The currently common coping strategy is to use liquid bottled oxygen, but the liquid bottled oxygen is inconvenient to store and carry, has certain potential safety hazard, has limited capacity, and is not very favorable for the situation of urgently needing oxygen supply at special moments.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems in the background technology and provide a portable oxygen supply method in the high altitude tourism, according to the difference of the permeation rates of different components of air permeating a membrane under the action of pressure difference, oxygen with relatively high permeation rate is enriched, so that oxygen-enriched gas is prepared, the oxygen-enriched gas is conveyed to the nasal cavity of a human body through a breathing mask to be breathed by the human body, the oxygen-enriched gas directly enters the human body to be breathed, the blood oxygen saturation can be effectively improved, and the oxygen deficiency difficulty is overcome.
The purpose of the invention is realized as follows:
a portable oxygen supply method in high altitude tourism comprises a shell, an oxygen generation mechanism arranged in the shell and a control unit for controlling oxygen inflation and oxygen supply, and comprises the following steps:
s1, when the gas storage bottle needs to be filled, oxygen-enriched gas prepared by the oxygen-making mechanism enters the gas storage bottle through the oxygen-charging electromagnetic valve and the one-way valve of the control unit, the first pressure sensor monitors the oxygen-charging pressure in real time, when the oxygen-charging pressure in the bottle reaches a set value, the oxygen-charging is automatically stopped, and the filling of the gas storage bottle is completed;
s2, when the gas storage bottle is used as an oxygen supply bottle, the pressure is adjusted to 0.3-0.6 MPa through the first pressure reducing valve, oxygen is output into the oxygen mask from the oxygen supply end through the oxygen supply electromagnetic valve, the oxygen supply pressure is monitored in real time through the second pressure sensor, and oxygen supply is started.
Preferably, system oxygen mechanism include with the casing internal portion separate for last cavity and cavity's baffle down, lower cavity in be equipped with the vacuum pump, last cavity in be equipped with vacuum pump connection's board-like oxygen boosting membrane group, the vacuum pump will pass through the booster pump through the oxygen-enriched gas that board-like oxygen boosting membrane group formed and carry to locating the gas bomb of casing inside.
Preferably, the bottom of casing laid and carried out filterable filter screen to getting into casing internal gas, the lower cavity in still be equipped with the negative-pressure air fan in with the external gas suction casing.
Preferably, the air exhaust end of the plate-type oxygen-enriched membrane group is communicated with the air inlet of the vacuum pump, the air inlet end of the plate-type oxygen-enriched membrane group is communicated with the air outlet end of the vacuum pump, and pressure difference is formed between the inner side and the outer side of the plate-type oxygen-enriched membrane group.
Preferably, the plate-type oxygen-enriched membrane group is made of a high-molecular silicon rubber load separation membrane material, and the air permeability of the high-molecular silicon rubber load separation membrane material is 14.6 multiplied by 10-4-18.3×10-4(STP)cm3/(s·cm2·cmHg)。
The feed gas is brought into contact with the membrane surface, the permeate component in the gas mixture is dissolved on the membrane surface at the high pressure side, the permeate component is then transferred from the high pressure side of the membrane to the low pressure side of the membrane by molecular diffusion under the concentration gradient created by the dissolution, and is subsequently desorbed to the gas phase at the low pressure side of the membrane, and a steady state is reached when the permeate component concentration gradient in the membrane becomes linear in the direction of the membrane thickness.
Preferably, the oxygen suppliment solenoid valve pass through in corrugated pipe carries oxygen-enriched gas to the oxygen mask, the oxygen mask on be equipped with the adjustment mechanism who adjusts oxygen concentration, adjustment mechanism including the holding shell of locating corrugated pipe and oxygen mask junction, the holding shell be equipped with oxygen import and air intlet on the outside both sides face of oxygen mask respectively, air conduit be connected to the air compressor machine in the cavity of resorption of locating the casing, the holding shell in be equipped with the balanced subassembly with oxygen import and air intlet intercommunication, the holding shell is equipped with the oxygen export on the inside side of oxygen mask, balanced subassembly loops through valve body and second relief pressure valve and carries empty oxygen mist to the oxygen export.
Preferably, the balance assembly conveys the oxygen-enriched gas and the air with the same pressure after balance to the valve body, the balance assembly comprises a seal cavity, and a first piston and a second piston which are arranged in the seal cavity, the seal cavity is sequentially divided into a first cavity, a third cavity and a second cavity by the first piston and the second piston, the first cavity and the third cavity are communicated with the oxygen inlet, the third cavity and the second cavity are communicated with the air inlet, and outlet ends of the first cavity and the second cavity are communicated with the valve body.
Preferably, the valve body by the inflow of step motor drive control oxygen and air, step motor according to the oxygen concentration data drive valve body that oxygen concentration sensor transmitted to the PLC controller, the entrance at valve body both ends adopt two identical reduction spray tube structures, step motor obtain the empty oxygen gas mixture of certain concentration through the removal of the internal valve rod of control valve.
Preferably, the foldable copper indium gallium selenide thin-film solar cell is covered outside the shell and supplies power for the oxygen generation mechanism.
Preferably, the pressure P after the balance assembly is balanced satisfies the following conditions:
p = (P1V1+ P2V2+ P1V3+ P2V3)/(V1+ V2+ V3), wherein P1 is the pressure of the oxygen-enriched gas introduced into the balancing module, P2 is the pressure of the compressed air introduced into the balancing module, V1 is the volume of the first chamber before the gas is introduced, V2 is the volume of the second chamber before the gas is introduced, V3 is the volume of the third chamber before the gas is introduced, the pressure P after the balancing is only related to the initial pressures of the air and the oxygen-enriched gas and the initial volumes of the three chambers, and the process of piston balancing is instantly completed, so the pressures of the air and the oxygen flowing out through the balancing module are always balanced.
Preferably, the oxygen concentration a of the air-oxygen mixed gas output after mixing by the valve body satisfies:
a = (79L +21b)/b, wherein L is the moving distance of a valve rod of the valve body, b is the width of an inlet of the valve body, on the premise that structures at two ends of the valve body are completely consistent, the valve rod can be adjusted at a constant speed to enable the oxygen concentration of the mixed gas to change linearly, displacement generated by each step of the stepping motor is constant, the valve rod is driven by the stepping motor, and the output oxygen concentration is determined by controlling the step number of the stepping motor.
Preferably, first pressure sensor, second pressure sensor, oxygen concentration sensor pass through AD module and be connected to the PLC controller, the PLC controller still including filling alarm module and oxygen suppliment alarm module.
Preferably, the shell is further connected with a strap convenient to carry, and a flexible pad is wrapped outside one side of the shell close to the human body.
Preferably, the oxygen mask is provided with an inhalation valve and an exhalation valve, the inhalation valve and the exhalation valve are both one-way valves, the inhalation valve is communicated with the regulating mechanism and is used for receiving the gas supplied by the regulating mechanism, and the exhalation valve is used for discharging the gas in the oxygen mask.
Preferably, the gas density p in the oxygen mask satisfies:
ρ=ρ0+(Qin+Qx-Qout-Qy) V, where ρ 0 is the initial gas density inside the oxygen mask (kg/m)3)，Qin、QoutThe mass of gas entering the oxygen mask through the inhalation valve and the mass of gas (kg), Q, flowing out of the oxygen mask through the exhalation valve, respectivelyx、QyMass (kg) of gas circulated for expiration and inspiration, respectively; v is the internal volume (m) of the oxygen mask3)。
Preferably, the mass flow W of the inhalation valve of the oxygen maskinAnd mass flow W of gas of the exhalation valveoutSatisfies the following conditions:
Win=μYSin·{2Pin(Pin-Pm)/[RT·[1-(dinb/dina)4]]}；
Wout=μYSout·{2Pm(Pm-Pout)/[RT·[1-(doutb/douta)4]]}；
where μ is the gas flow coefficient and μ =0.65, related to the shape and thickness of the valve, Y is the gas expansion coefficient, S is the flow area of the valve (mm2), R, T is the gas constant and absolute temperature of the gas at the inlet, PinIs the inlet pressure of the suction valve, namely the oxygen outlet pressure (MPa) of the regulating mechanism; poutIs the external atmospheric pressure (MPa), P of the oxygen maskmIs the internal pressure (MPa), S of the maskinIs the flow area (mm) of the suction valve2)，SoutIs the flow area (mm) of the expiratory valve2)，dina、doutaRespectively the diameter (mm), d of the inspiration valve and the expiration valveinb、doutbThe throat diameters (mm) of the inhalation valve and the exhalation valve, respectively.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the portable oxygen supply method for high altitude tourism, provided by the invention, concentrates oxygen generation and oxygen supply in a small space, is convenient for preparing and storing oxygen at any time, enables oxygen-enriched gas to directly enter a human body for breathing, can effectively improve the blood oxygen saturation and overcome the oxygen deficiency difficulty.
2. The invention provides a portable oxygen supply method in high-altitude tourism, which is characterized in that outside air enters a shell after being purified and dedusted by a filter screen and a fan, so that 'fresh' air is kept around a plate type oxygen enrichment membrane component, a vacuum pump enriches oxygen-enriched gas by forming pressure difference between the inner side and the outer side of the plate type oxygen enrichment membrane component, and the oxygen-enriched gas is regulated by a control unit and is conveyed to an oxygen supply pipeline and an oxygen mask.
3. The invention provides a portable oxygen supply method in high altitude tourism, when filling an air storage bottle, oxygen-enriched gas enters the air storage bottle through an oxygenation electromagnetic valve and a one-way valve; when the gas storage bottle is used as an oxygen supply bottle, the pressure is adjusted to 0.3-0.6 MPa through the pressure reducing valve, oxygen is output from the oxygen supply end, and oxygen supply is started.
4. The invention provides a portable oxygen supply method in high altitude tourism, wherein oxygen-enriched gas output after being regulated by a control unit and external air compressed by an air compressor are output as oxygen and air with balanced pressure through a balance assembly and respectively flow into two ends of a valve body, the movement of a valve rod of the valve body is controlled through a stepping motor, the flow of the air and the oxygen in the valve body are adjusted at the same time, gas with specific concentration required by a human body is obtained after full mixing, and the gas with specific oxygen concentration is decompressed by a decompression valve and then is conveyed into an oxygen mask for the human body to inhale.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an oxygen generation mechanism of the portable oxygen supply method in high altitude tourism.
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a control unit of the portable oxygen supply method in a high-altitude tourism according to the invention.
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the portable oxygen supply method for high altitude tourism according to the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the regulating mechanism of the portable oxygen supply method in the high altitude tourism of the invention.
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the balance assembly of the portable oxygen supply method of the present invention during high altitude travel.
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of a valve body of the portable oxygen supply method in high altitude tourism according to the present invention.
In the figure: 1. a housing; 2. a partition plate; 3. an upper chamber; 4. a lower chamber; 5. a plate-type oxygen-enriched membrane group; 6. a vacuum pump; 7. a negative pressure fan; 8. an air compressor; 9. filtering with a screen; 10. a gas cylinder; 11. a booster pump; 12. a safety valve; 13. an oxygenation solenoid valve; 14. a one-way valve; 15. a first pressure sensor; 16. a second pressure sensor; 17. a first pressure reducing valve; 18. an oxygen supply solenoid valve; 19. a PLC controller; 20. a balancing component; 200. sealing the cavity; 201. a first piston; 202. a second piston; 203. a first cavity; 204. a third cavity; 205. a second cavity; 21. a valve body; 211. a valve stem; 212. a reducing nozzle; 22. a stepping motor; 23. an oxygen concentration sensor; 24. a housing shell; 25. an oxygen inlet; 26. an oxygen outlet; 27. an air inlet; 28. a second pressure reducing valve.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention are clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all embodiments, and all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without any creative work based on the embodiments of the present invention belong to the protection scope of the present invention.
Example 1
With reference to fig. 1 and 2, a portable oxygen supply method in high altitude tourism comprises a housing 1, an oxygen generation mechanism arranged in the housing 1, and a control unit for controlling oxygen inflation and oxygen supply, and comprises the following steps:
s1, when the gas storage bottle 10 needs to be filled, oxygen-enriched gas prepared by the oxygen-making mechanism enters the gas storage bottle through the oxygen-adding electromagnetic valve 13 and the one-way valve 14 of the control unit, the first pressure sensor 15 monitors the oxygen-adding pressure in real time, when the oxygen-adding pressure in the bottle reaches a set value, the oxygen-adding is automatically stopped, and the filling of the gas storage bottle 10 is completed;
s2, when the gas storage bottle 10 is used as an oxygen supply bottle, the pressure is adjusted to 0.3-0.6 MPa through the first pressure reducing valve 17, oxygen is output into the oxygen mask from the oxygen supply end through the oxygen supply electromagnetic valve 18, the oxygen supply pressure is monitored in real time through the second pressure sensor 16, and oxygen supply is started.
Oxygen generation and oxygen supply are centralized in the small shell, so that the oxygen generating device is convenient to carry, and under the condition that oxygen in the gas storage cylinder is used up, external air can be utilized to enrich oxygen.
Example 2
Combine figure 1, a portable oxygen suppliment method on the way of high altitude tourism, include casing 1, locate the oxygenerator in casing 1, the outside of casing 1 is covered and is equipped with folding copper indium gallium selenide thin-film solar cell, for the power supply of oxygenerator, oxygenerator include the baffle 2 that separates for last cavity 3 and lower cavity 4 with casing 1 internal partitioning, baffle 2 adopt the mesh board, lower cavity 4 in be equipped with vacuum pump 6, last cavity 3 in be equipped with the board-like oxygen enrichment membrane group 5 of being connected with vacuum pump 6, vacuum pump 6 will carry the oxygen-enriched gas that forms through board-like oxygen enrichment membrane group 5 to locating in the gas bomb 10 of casing 1 inside through booster pump 11.
The bottom of casing 1 laid and carried out filterable filter screen 9 to getting into 1 internal gas of casing, lower chamber 4 in still be equipped with the negative pressure fan 7 with the external gas suction in casing 1, the air intake intercommunication of air exhaust end and vacuum pump 6 of board-like oxygen boosting membrane group 5, the air intake end of board-like oxygen boosting membrane group 5 and vacuum pump 6's air outlet end intercommunication, form the pressure differential in 5 outsides of board-like oxygen boosting membrane group.
Outside air enters the shell after being purified and dedusted by the filter screen and the negative pressure fan, so that clean air is kept around the plate-type oxygen enrichment membrane assembly, the vacuum pump enriches oxygen-enriched gas by forming pressure difference inside and outside the plate-type oxygen enrichment membrane assembly, and the oxygen-enriched gas is regulated by the control unit and is conveyed to the oxygen supply pipeline and the oxygen mask to supply oxygen for a human body.
The plate-type oxygen-enriched membrane group 5 adopts a high-molecular silicon rubber load separation membrane material, and the air permeability of the separation membrane material is 14.610-4-18.3×10-4(STP)cm3/(s·cm2cmHg), air permeates through a polymer membrane under the pressure of a vacuum pump, and gas with relatively high permeation rate is obtained according to the difference of permeation rate of each component in the air permeating through the membrane under the push of pressure difference, such as water vapor, carbon dioxide, oxygen, etc., permeate through the membrane and are enriched at the permeate side of the membrane, while nitrogen-rich waste gas having a relatively slow permeation rate is discharged at the retentate side of the membrane, thereby achieving the purpose of preparing oxygen-enriched product gas in the air, the air is contacted with the surface of the membrane, the osmotic component in the gas mixture is dissolved on the surface of the membrane at the high-pressure side, then the osmotic component is transferred from the high-pressure side of the membrane to the low-pressure side of the membrane through molecular diffusion under the action of concentration gradient generated by dissolution, and then desorbed to a gas phase at the low-pressure side of the membrane, and reaches a stable state when the concentration gradient of the osmotic component in the membrane becomes a straight line along the thickness direction of the membrane, thereby achieving the purpose of enriching oxygen in air containing thin oxygen.
Example 3
Referring to fig. 2, the portable oxygen supply method for high altitude tourism comprises a housing 1, an oxygen generation mechanism arranged in the housing 1 and a control unit for controlling oxygen inflation and oxygen supply.
The control unit comprises a safety valve 12, an oxygen charging electromagnetic valve 13, a one-way valve 14, a first pressure sensor 15 which are sequentially connected with the outlet end of a booster pump 11 to the air inlet end of the air storage bottle 10, and a second pressure sensor 16, a first pressure reducing valve 17 and an oxygen supply electromagnetic valve 18 which are sequentially connected with the air outlet end of the air storage bottle 10, wherein the oxygen charging electromagnetic valve 13, the first pressure sensor 15, the oxygen supply electromagnetic valve 18 and the second pressure sensor 16 are controlled by a PLC (programmable logic controller) 19.
Oxygen-enriched gas prepared through oxygen making mechanism reaches booster pump entrance through the pipeline to enter into the port of input through the check valve, the path that two-position five-way valve control of booster pump makes high-pressure drive gas promote the piston to move left, until left end hall information switches on, two-position five-way valve action, the path switches, high-pressure drive gas begins to push the piston to the right side, compress the oxygen of output end port simultaneously, the piston motion switches on until right-hand member hall switch, oxygen passes through the check valve, get into the oxygen bottle, this process is repeated all the time, set for the threshold value until reaching pressure transmitter.
When the gas storage bottle is filled, oxygen-enriched gas enters the gas storage bottle through the oxygen-enriched electromagnetic valve and the one-way valve, the first pressure sensor monitors the oxygen-enriched pressure in real time, and when the oxygen pressure in the bottle reaches a system set value, the oxygen-enriched gas automatically stops oxygen-enriched gas to fill the oxygen bottle; when the gas storage bottle is used as an oxygen supply bottle, the pressure is adjusted to 0.3-0.6 MPa through the pressure reducing valve, oxygen is output from the oxygen supply end, and oxygen supply is started.
Example 4
Combine fig. 3-6, oxygen suppliment solenoid valve 18 pass through the corrugated pipe and carry oxygen-enriched gas to with the oxygen mask in, the oxygen mask on be equipped with the adjustment mechanism who adjusts oxygen concentration, adjustment mechanism including the holding shell 24 of locating corrugated pipe and oxygen mask junction, holding shell 24 be equipped with oxygen inlet 25 and air inlet 27 on the outside both sides face of oxygen mask respectively, air inlet 27 pipe connection to locate the air compressor machine 8 in the lower chamber 4 of casing 1, holding shell 24 is equipped with oxygen outlet 26 on the inside side of oxygen mask.
The accommodating shell 24 is internally provided with a balance assembly 20 communicated with an oxygen inlet 25 and an air inlet 27, the balance assembly 20 sequentially passes through a valve body 21 and a second pressure reducing valve 28 to convey the air-oxygen mixed gas to an oxygen outlet 26, and the balance assembly 20 conveys the oxygen-enriched gas and the air with the same pressure after balance to the valve body 21.
The valve body 21 is driven by a stepping motor 22 to control the inflow of oxygen and air, and the stepping motor 22 drives the valve body 21 according to oxygen concentration data transmitted to the PLC 19 by an oxygen concentration sensor 23.
The oxygen-enriched gas output after being regulated by the control unit and the external air compressed by the air compressor are output as oxygen and air with balanced pressure through the balance assembly, and respectively flow into two ends of the valve body, the movement of the valve rod of the valve body is controlled through the stepping motor, the flow of the air and the oxygen in the valve body are adjusted at the same time, the gas with specific concentration required by a human body is obtained after being fully mixed, and the gas with specific oxygen concentration is decompressed through the decompression valve and then is conveyed into the oxygen mask for the human body to inhale.
Example 5
On the basis of embodiment 3, referring to fig. 5, the balance assembly 20 includes a seal chamber 200 and a first piston 201 and a second piston 202 disposed in the seal chamber 200, the first piston 201 and the second piston 202 divide the seal chamber 200 into a first chamber 203, a third chamber 204 and a second chamber 205 in sequence, the first chamber 203 and the third chamber 204 are communicated with the oxygen inlet 25, the third chamber 204 and the second chamber 205 are communicated with the air inlet 27, and outlet ends of the first chamber 203 and the second chamber 205 are communicated with the valve body 21.
Respectively introducing oxygen with the pressure of P1 and air with the pressure of P2 into V1, V3, V2 and V3, respectively moving the two pistons, and enabling the sealed cavities to be in an equilibrium state, wherein after the pressures are balanced, the volumes of V1, V2 and V3 are respectively changed into V11, V22 and V33, and the pressures are all changed into P according to the specific law of Perchler-Mars: under the condition of constant temperature, the pressure of a certain mass of gas is inversely proportional to the volume, the balanced pressure P is only related to the initial air and oxygen pressures and the initial volumes of the three cavities, the balancing process of the sealed cavity is completed in a short time, and the pressures of the air and the oxygen flowing out of the sealed cavity are always balanced.
The pressure P after the balance of the balance assembly meets the following requirements:
p = (P1V1+ P2V2+ P1V3+ P2V3)/(V1+ V2+ V3), wherein P1 is the pressure of the oxygen-enriched gas introduced into the balancing module, P2 is the pressure of the compressed air introduced into the balancing module, V1 is the volume of the first chamber before the gas is introduced, V2 is the volume of the second chamber before the gas is introduced, V3 is the volume of the third chamber before the gas is introduced, the pressure P after the balancing is only related to the initial pressures of the air and the oxygen-enriched gas and the initial volumes of the three chambers, and the process of piston balancing is instantly completed, so the pressures of the air and the oxygen flowing out through the balancing module are always balanced.
Example 6
On the basis of embodiment 3, with reference to fig. 6, the two identical structures of the two reducing nozzles 212 are adopted at the inlets at the two ends of the valve body 21, and the stepping motor 22 obtains the air-oxygen mixed gas with a certain concentration by controlling the movement of the valve rod 211 in the valve body 21.
The oxygen concentration A of the air-oxygen mixed gas output after mixing by the valve body meets the following requirements:
a = (79L +21b)/b, wherein L is the moving distance of a valve rod of the valve body, b is the width of an inlet of the valve body, on the premise that structures at two ends of the valve body are completely consistent, the valve rod can be adjusted at a constant speed to enable the oxygen concentration of the mixed gas to change linearly, displacement generated by each step of the stepping motor is constant, the valve rod is driven by the stepping motor, and the output oxygen concentration is determined by controlling the step number of the stepping motor.
Example 7
The oxygen mask is provided with an inhalation valve and an exhalation valve, the inhalation valve and the exhalation valve are both one-way valves, the inhalation valve is communicated with the regulating mechanism and used for receiving the gas supplied by the regulating mechanism, and the exhalation valve is used for discharging the gas in the oxygen mask.
The gas density rho in the oxygen mask satisfies the following conditions:
ρ=ρ0+(Qin+Qx-Qout-Qy) V, where ρ 0 is the initial gas density inside the oxygen mask (kg/m)3)，Qin、QoutThe mass of gas entering the oxygen mask through the inhalation valve and the mass of gas (kg), Q, flowing out of the oxygen mask through the exhalation valve, respectivelyx、QyMass (kg) of gas circulated for expiration and inspiration, respectively; v is the internal volume (m) of the oxygen mask3)。
The mass flow W of the air suction valve of the oxygen maskinAnd mass flow W of gas of the exhalation valveoutSatisfies the following conditions:
Win=μYSin·{2Pin(Pin-Pm)/[RT·[1-(dinb/dina)4]]}；
Wout=μYSout·{2Pm(Pm-Pout)/[RT·[1-(doutb/douta)4]]}；
where μ is the gas flow coefficient and μ =0.65, andthe shape and thickness of the valve are related, Y is the gas expansion coefficient, S is the flow area (mm2) of the valve, R, T is the gas constant and absolute temperature of the gas at the inlet, PinIs the inlet pressure of the suction valve, namely the oxygen outlet pressure (MPa) of the regulating mechanism; poutIs the external atmospheric pressure (MPa), P of the oxygen maskmIs the internal pressure (MPa), S of the maskinIs the flow area (mm) of the suction valve2)，SoutIs the flow area (mm) of the expiratory valve2)，dina、doutaRespectively the diameter (mm), d of the inspiration valve and the expiration valveinb、doutbThe throat diameters (mm) of the inhalation valve and the exhalation valve, respectively.
The air inlet circuit of the adjusting mechanism is connected with the space inside the oxygen mask through the air suction valve, when a human body breathes, and is connected with the external environment through the breathing valve, when the human body breathes, the internal pressure of the oxygen mask is reduced, the opening of the air suction valve is improved, oxygen provided by the adjusting mechanism flows into the oxygen mask, the air supply pressure of the adjusting mechanism is reduced, when the human body breathes out, the internal pressure of the oxygen mask is improved, the opening of the air suction valve is reduced, because the air pressure is greater than the external pressure, the air expiration valve is opened, the internal air pressure of the mask is reduced, the fluctuation of the internal pressure of the oxygen mask is limited in a certain range through controlling and reducing the opening of the air valve and the opening of the oxygen valve of the adjusting mechanism, and stable and continuous oxygen is provided for the human body.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and should not be taken as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents and substitutions made within the scope of the present invention should be included.

Claims (8)

1. A portable oxygen supply method in high-altitude tourism is characterized in that: including casing (1), locate the system oxygen mechanism and the control unit of control oxygen inflation, oxygen suppliment in casing (1), including following step:
s1, when the gas storage bottle (10) needs to be filled, oxygen-enriched gas prepared by the oxygen preparation mechanism enters the gas storage bottle through an oxygenation electromagnetic valve (13) and a one-way valve (14) of the control unit, the first pressure sensor (15) monitors the oxygenation pressure in real time, and when the oxygen pressure in the bottle reaches a set value, oxygenation is automatically stopped, so that the filling of the gas storage bottle (10) is completed;
s2, when the gas storage bottle (10) is used as an oxygen supply bottle, the pressure is adjusted to 0.3-0.6 MPa through the first pressure reducing valve (17), oxygen is output into the oxygen mask from the oxygen supply end through the oxygen supply electromagnetic valve (18), and the second pressure sensor (16) monitors the oxygen supply pressure in real time to start oxygen supply.
2. A portable oxygen supply apparatus for use during travel, according to claim 1, wherein: in S1, system oxygen mechanism include baffle (2) with casing (1) internal partitioning for last cavity (3) and lower cavity (4), lower cavity (4) in be equipped with vacuum pump (6), last cavity (3) in be equipped with board-like oxygen boosting membrane group (5) of being connected with vacuum pump (6), vacuum pump (6) will pass through booster pump (11) through the oxygen-enriched gas that board-like oxygen boosting membrane group (5) formed and carry to locating in casing (1) inside gas bomb (10).
3. A portable oxygen supply apparatus for use during travel, according to claim 2, wherein: the bottom of casing (1) laid and carried out filterable filter screen (9) to getting into casing (1) internal gas, lower cavity (4) in still be equipped with negative pressure fan (7) with external gas suction in casing (1).
4. A portable oxygen supply apparatus for use during travel, according to claim 2, wherein: the plate-type oxygen-enriched membrane group (5) is made of a high-molecular silicon rubber load separation membrane material, and the air permeability of the high-molecular silicon rubber load separation membrane material is 14.6 multiplied by 10-4-18.3×10-4(STP)cm3/(s·cm2·cmHg)。
5. A portable oxygen supply apparatus for use during travel, according to claim 1, wherein: in S2, the oxygen supply electromagnetic valve (18) delivers oxygen-enriched gas to the oxygen mask through a corrugated pipeline, the oxygen mask is provided with an adjusting mechanism for adjusting the oxygen concentration, the adjusting mechanism comprises a containing shell (24) arranged at the joint of the corrugated pipeline and the oxygen mask, two side surfaces of the containing shell (24) facing the outside of the oxygen mask are respectively provided with an oxygen inlet (25) and an air inlet (27), the air inlet (27) is connected with an air compressor (8) arranged in the lower chamber (4) of the shell (1) through a pipeline, a balance component (20) communicated with the oxygen inlet (25) and the air inlet (27) is arranged in the containing shell (24), an oxygen outlet (26) is arranged on one side surface of the containing shell (24) facing the inside of the oxygen mask, the balance assembly (20) conveys the air-oxygen mixed gas to the oxygen outlet (26) through the valve body (21) and the second pressure reducing valve (28) in sequence.
6. The portable oxygen supply apparatus for travel use according to claim 5, wherein: the balance assembly (20) conveys the oxygen-enriched gas and the air with the same pressure after balance to the valve body (21), the balance assembly (20) comprises a sealing cavity (200) and a first piston (201) and a second piston (202) which are arranged in the sealing cavity (200), the sealing cavity (200) is sequentially divided into a first cavity (203), a third cavity (204) and a second cavity (205) by the first piston (201) and the second piston (202), the first cavity (203) and the third cavity (204) are communicated to an oxygen inlet (25), the third cavity (204) and the second cavity (205) are communicated to an air inlet (27), and outlet ends of the first cavity (203) and the second cavity (205) are communicated with the valve body (21).
7. The portable oxygen supply apparatus for travel use according to claim 5, wherein: valve body (21) by step motor (22) drive control oxygen and the inflow of air, step motor (22) according to oxygen concentration sensor (23) transmit to PLC controller (19) oxygen concentration data drive valve body (21), the entrance at valve body (21) both ends adopt two identical reduction spray tube (212) structures, step motor (22) obtain the empty oxygen gas mixture of certain concentration through the removal of control valve body (21) interior valve rod (211).
8. A portable oxygen supply apparatus for use during travel, according to claim 1, wherein: the foldable copper indium gallium selenide thin-film solar cell is covered outside the shell (1).
CN202111651829.4A 2021-12-31 2021-12-31 Portable oxygen supply method in high-altitude tourism Withdrawn CN114099996A (en)

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CN202111651829.4A CN114099996A (en) 2021-12-31 2021-12-31 Portable oxygen supply method in high-altitude tourism

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN115430073A (en) * 2022-08-26 2022-12-06 中国舰船研究设计中心 Breathing oxygen supply device for sealed cabin

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN115430073A (en) * 2022-08-26 2022-12-06 中国舰船研究设计中心 Breathing oxygen supply device for sealed cabin

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