CN114098800B - Method for ultrasonic detection of alveolar bone and tooth root - Google Patents

Method for ultrasonic detection of alveolar bone and tooth root Download PDF

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CN114098800B
CN114098800B CN202111347279.7A CN202111347279A CN114098800B CN 114098800 B CN114098800 B CN 114098800B CN 202111347279 A CN202111347279 A CN 202111347279A CN 114098800 B CN114098800 B CN 114098800B
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ultrasonic
alveolar bone
root
isolated
tooth
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CN114098800A (en
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房兵
高飞
夏伦果
王怡韵
肖圣钊
刘宬孝
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Ninth Peoples Hospital Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine
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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B8/00Diagnosis using ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves
    • A61B8/52Devices using data or image processing specially adapted for diagnosis using ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves
    • A61B8/5215Devices using data or image processing specially adapted for diagnosis using ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves involving processing of medical diagnostic data
    • A61B8/5238Devices using data or image processing specially adapted for diagnosis using ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves involving processing of medical diagnostic data for combining image data of patient, e.g. merging several images from different acquisition modes into one image
    • A61B8/5261Devices using data or image processing specially adapted for diagnosis using ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves involving processing of medical diagnostic data for combining image data of patient, e.g. merging several images from different acquisition modes into one image combining images from different diagnostic modalities, e.g. ultrasound and X-ray
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B6/00Apparatus or devices for radiation diagnosis; Apparatus or devices for radiation diagnosis combined with radiation therapy equipment
    • A61B6/02Arrangements for diagnosis sequentially in different planes; Stereoscopic radiation diagnosis
    • A61B6/03Computed tomography [CT]
    • A61B6/032Transmission computed tomography [CT]
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B6/00Apparatus or devices for radiation diagnosis; Apparatus or devices for radiation diagnosis combined with radiation therapy equipment
    • A61B6/40Arrangements for generating radiation specially adapted for radiation diagnosis
    • A61B6/4064Arrangements for generating radiation specially adapted for radiation diagnosis specially adapted for producing a particular type of beam
    • A61B6/4085Cone-beams
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B6/00Apparatus or devices for radiation diagnosis; Apparatus or devices for radiation diagnosis combined with radiation therapy equipment
    • A61B6/50Apparatus or devices for radiation diagnosis; Apparatus or devices for radiation diagnosis combined with radiation therapy equipment specially adapted for specific body parts; specially adapted for specific clinical applications
    • A61B6/51Apparatus or devices for radiation diagnosis; Apparatus or devices for radiation diagnosis combined with radiation therapy equipment specially adapted for specific body parts; specially adapted for specific clinical applications for dentistry
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B6/00Apparatus or devices for radiation diagnosis; Apparatus or devices for radiation diagnosis combined with radiation therapy equipment
    • A61B6/52Devices using data or image processing specially adapted for radiation diagnosis
    • A61B6/5211Devices using data or image processing specially adapted for radiation diagnosis involving processing of medical diagnostic data
    • A61B6/5229Devices using data or image processing specially adapted for radiation diagnosis involving processing of medical diagnostic data combining image data of a patient, e.g. combining a functional image with an anatomical image
    • A61B6/5247Devices using data or image processing specially adapted for radiation diagnosis involving processing of medical diagnostic data combining image data of a patient, e.g. combining a functional image with an anatomical image combining images from an ionising-radiation diagnostic technique and a non-ionising radiation diagnostic technique, e.g. X-ray and ultrasound

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  • Theoretical Computer Science (AREA)
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  • Dental Tools And Instruments Or Auxiliary Dental Instruments (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for ultrasonic detection of alveolar bone and tooth root, comprising the following steps: detecting ultrasonic echoes of the isolated teeth with different tooth root types by adopting a non-focusing probe; identifying the number of tooth roots in bone tissue by adopting a non-focusing probe; performing ultrasonic sensing on the mandible of the isolated pig; and (5) comparing CBCT data and results of the mandible of the isolated pig with ultrasonic echo to obtain a comparison result. The method of the invention combines CBCT data, results and ultrasonic echo data, can rapidly realize tooth root and alveolar bone information and distinction, can be more effectively used as powerful supplement for clinical examination, and can also solve the problem that a patient shuttles back and forth between a treatment bed and an x-ray examination room for a plurality of times.

Description

Method for ultrasonic detection of alveolar bone and tooth root
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of oral care, in particular to a method for ultrasonically detecting alveolar bone and tooth root.
Background
The alveolar bone and the tooth root are important organ structures in the oral cavity, the alveolar bone and the tooth root cannot be directly seen through naked eyes, but almost all oral treatment is based on correctly judging the shapes of the alveolar bone and the tooth root, for example, the states of the tooth root and the alveolar bone need to be checked in real time before, during and after orthodontic treatment, because the relationship of the tooth root and the tooth root can be obviously changed along with the movement of the tooth during orthodontic treatment, when bone windowing and bone cracking possibly occur, serious complications are generated in the treatment process, and the accurate judgment of the position relationship of the tooth root and the alveolar bone is helpful for preventing the occurrence of bone windowing and bone cracking; the alveolar bone absorption when periodontal disease occurs, and the accurate assessment of the reduction in alveolar bone height at this time is an objective requirement for assessing the condition and judging the treatment effect during periodontal disease treatment; in addition, the method for determining the shape and the number of the tooth roots has guiding significance for root canal treatment and suffering tooth extraction. The daily work of oral treatment is not separated from visual examination of the alveolar bone and root condition, and the relationship of the two.
The current common clinical examination method comprises the steps of providing a two-dimensional image by an oral X-ray film, and providing two-dimensional and three-dimensional image information by an oral Cone Beam CT (CBCT), so that the diagnosis of clinical diseases and the further treatment planning are facilitated. However, both methods have limitations such as the generation of large ionizing radiation and the inability to operate at the chair side due to equipment limitations. However, almost every treatment of dental patients needs to take X-ray films, whether the radiation affects the health or not causes much anxiety to the patients, and many pregnant women and young men and women who are pregnant can refuse to take X-ray films, which brings much inconvenience and difficulty to clinical work.
Disclosure of Invention
The present invention is directed to a method for ultrasonic detection of alveolar bone and root of tooth, which solves the problems set forth in the background art.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: a method of ultrasonically inspecting an alveolar bone and a root of a tooth, comprising the steps of:
s1: detecting ultrasonic echoes of the isolated teeth with different tooth root types by adopting a non-focusing probe;
s2: identifying the number of tooth roots in bone tissue by adopting a non-focusing probe;
s3: performing ultrasonic sensing on the mandible of the isolated pig;
s4: and (5) comparing CBCT data and results of the mandible of the isolated pig with ultrasonic echo to obtain a comparison result.
Preferably, S1 specifically includes: s1a: numbering a plurality of groups of isolated teeth, and sequentially soaking the isolated teeth in water after numbering, wherein the types of the plurality of groups of isolated teeth comprise but are not limited to single root, fusion root and double root; s1b: and detecting ultrasonic echoes of the groups of tooth root type isolated teeth by using an unfocused probe, and obtaining ultrasonic echo peak values and peak amplitude.
Preferably, S2 specifically includes: s2a: a plurality of groups of isolated teeth based on the numbers are wrapped by pig bones; s2b: immersing the isolated teeth and pig bones in agar, and detecting by using a non-focusing probe; s2c: and obtaining ultrasonic echo peak values of each group of isolated teeth.
Preferably, S3 specifically includes: s3a: scanning the mandible of the isolated pig by using a focusing ultrasonic probe with the center frequency of 2.25 MHz; s3b: collecting ultrasonic echo, and analyzing ultrasonic echo signals, wherein the alveolar bone ultrasonic echo is a high-steep signal, and the tooth root ultrasonic echo is a continuous low-level signal; s3c: and performing ultrasonic perception analysis based on the echo signals, namely performing detection analysis on the situation of deeper areas of the gingiva and the alveolar bone based on the echo signals, and distinguishing the alveolar bone from the tooth root on a signal level.
Preferably, in S4, the CBCT data includes a three-dimensional reconstructed image of a pig mandible CBCT, a cross-sectional view of the CBCT, a transverse scan acoustic wave image, and a longitudinal scan acoustic wave image, and in S4, the CBCT data image is compared with ultrasonic echo information, and based on the judgment, the information and the distinction of the root and the alveolar bone of the ultrasonic detection are obtained.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the method of the invention combines CBCT data, results and ultrasonic echo data, can be more effectively used as a powerful supplement for clinical examination, can also solve the problem that patients shuttle back and forth between a treatment bed and an x-ray examination room for a plurality of times, fully improves the efficiency of doctors and the comfort level of patients, has no radiation dose, and supplements the blank of domestic and international markets.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow chart of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of an unfocused probe detecting different root types in an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic illustration of the identification of an ultrasonic unfocused probe in bone tissue in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of ultrasonic sensing in an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of characteristic information of an ultrasonic echo based on scan analysis in an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
The invention provides a technical scheme that: a method of ultrasonically inspecting an alveolar bone and a root of a tooth, comprising the steps of:
s1: detecting ultrasonic echoes of the isolated teeth with different tooth root types by adopting a non-focusing probe;
s2: identifying the number of tooth roots in bone tissue by adopting a non-focusing probe;
s3: performing ultrasonic sensing on the mandible of the isolated pig;
s4: and (5) comparing CBCT data and results of the mandible of the isolated pig with ultrasonic echo to obtain a comparison result.
In this embodiment, S1 specifically includes: s1a: numbering a plurality of groups of isolated teeth, and sequentially soaking the isolated teeth in water after numbering, wherein the types of the plurality of groups of isolated teeth comprise but are not limited to single root, fusion root and double root; s1b: and detecting ultrasonic echoes of the groups of tooth root type isolated teeth by using an unfocused probe, and obtaining ultrasonic echo peak values and peak amplitude.
In this embodiment, S2 specifically includes: s2a: a plurality of groups of isolated teeth based on the numbers are wrapped by pig bones; s2b: immersing the isolated teeth and pig bones in agar, and detecting by using a non-focusing probe; s2c: and obtaining ultrasonic echo peak values of each group of isolated teeth.
In this embodiment, S3 specifically includes: s3a: scanning the mandible of the isolated pig by using a focusing ultrasonic probe with the center frequency of 2.25 MHz; s3b: collecting ultrasonic echo, and analyzing ultrasonic echo signals, wherein the alveolar bone ultrasonic echo is a high-steep signal, and the tooth root ultrasonic echo is a continuous low-level signal; s3c: and performing ultrasonic perception analysis based on the echo signals, namely performing detection analysis on the situation of deeper areas of the gingiva and the alveolar bone based on the echo signals, and distinguishing the alveolar bone from the tooth root on a signal level.
In this embodiment, the CBCT data in S4 includes a three-dimensional reconstructed image of the pig mandible CBCT, a cross-sectional view of the CBCT, a transverse scan acoustic wave map, and a longitudinal scan acoustic wave map, and in S4, the CBCT data image is compared with the ultrasonic echo information, and the ultrasonic detected tooth root and alveolar bone information and distinction are obtained based on the judgment.
Referring to fig. 1-2, in this embodiment, an unfocused probe is used to detect ultrasound echoes of isolated teeth (human teeth) of different root types. Researchers soaked the isolated teeth in water, with the number 1, 2,3 root types being single, fusion root, double root, respectively (fig. 2 (a)). As can be seen from the ultrasonic sensing result of fig. 2 (b), the ultrasonic echo signal of tooth 3 has a plurality of peaks, the peak amplitude is relatively small, while the ultrasonic echo peak of tooth 2 in the (c) figure is large and compact, and the ultrasonic echo peak of tooth 1 in the (d) figure is maximum, and the attenuation after the peak is rapid. From this, it is clear that a part of the ultrasonic wave is reflected by the teeth and can be received by the ultrasonic probe. Ultrasonic sensing techniques can detect teeth (including crowns and roots).
Referring to fig. 3, in this embodiment, an ultrasonic unfocused probe is used to identify the number of roots in the presence of bone tissue: in the figure (a): wrapping the number 2 and 3 in-vitro teeth with pig bones; (b): immersing the isolated teeth and pig bones in agar, and detecting by using a non-focusing probe; (c) tooth number 2 has a greater peak of ultrasonic echo: (d) The peak measured for tooth number 3 is smaller and has 2-3 peaks.
Referring to fig. 4, in this embodiment, the in vitro pig mandible is subjected to ultrasonic sensing: (a): scanning the mandible of the isolated pig by using a focusing ultrasonic probe (center frequency: 2.25 MHz); (b): experimental design, collecting ultrasonic wave echo; (c): the ultrasonic echo of the alveolar bone is a high and steep signal; (d): the root ultrasound echo is a continuously low-level signal.
Referring to fig. 5, in this embodiment, the CBCT result of the in vitro pig mandible is compared with the ultrasound echo, fig. 5 (a): three-dimensional reconstructed images of pig mandible CBCT, wherein a scanning area is arranged in a frame, and an arrow is in a scanning direction; (b): a cross-sectional view of CBCT, wherein a scanning area is arranged in a frame, and an arrow is in a scanning direction; (c): transversely scanning an acoustic wave diagram, wherein a lower triangle indicates a wave crest, and the wave crest is a tooth root signal; the upper triangle indicates the trough, which is the alveolar bone signal; (d): longitudinally scanning the acoustic map: wherein 2.5-7mm is alveolar bone and soft tissue, 7-10.5mm is tooth germ, and 10.5-17mm is soft tissue.
Ultrasonic signals of the alveolar bone and the root of the tooth were successfully distinguished on the isolated pig mandible by ultrasonic perception of the isolated pig mandible (tooth/tooth germ/alveolar bone/gum) (fig. 4a,4 b) (fig. 4c,4 d). The characteristic information of the ultrasound echo is analyzed by transversal (fig. 5 c) and longitudinal scanning (fig. 5 d), matched to the scanning position and compared to the CBCT imaging results (fig. 5a,5 b). Fig. 4 (c) and (d) show that a small focused ultrasonic probe with a center frequency of 2.25MHz can detect deeper areas through the gingiva and alveolar bone of the surface layer, and can distinguish the alveolar bone and the tooth root at the signal level. By combining the ultrasonic information acquired in fig. 4 with the CT image of fig. 5 (a) and (b), it is possible to determine the specific ultrasonic-detected information and distinction between the root and the alveolar bone. Thus, in the maximum peak graph of the ultrasonic scan, the signals and positions of the deep alveolar bone plus soft tissue, tooth embryo and soft tissue are located. And then splicing the ultrasonic scanning images to obtain the ultrasonic tomography image.
Therefore, based on the above embodiment, the penetration depth of the ultrasonic sensing technology can meet the inspection requirement, the echo wave characteristics of the tooth/tooth root/tooth germ/alveolar bone can be distinguished in an in-vitro state, and the information such as the length/width of the tooth root can be obtained. The information acquired by ultrasonic sensing is basically consistent with the result of CBCT. The detection method can noninvasively sense different tissues in the in-vitro pig mandible, and can clearly distinguish the ultrasonic echo signal characteristics of the different tissues.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made therein without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims (3)

1. A method of ultrasonically inspecting an alveolar bone and a root of a tooth, comprising the steps of:
s1: detecting ultrasonic echoes of the isolated teeth with different tooth root types by adopting a non-focusing probe;
s2: identifying the number of tooth roots in bone tissue by adopting a non-focusing probe;
s3: performing ultrasonic sensing on the mandible of the isolated pig;
s4: comparing CBCT data and results of the mandible of the isolated pig with ultrasonic echo to obtain comparison results;
s3 specifically comprises the following steps: s3a: scanning the mandible of the isolated pig by using a focusing ultrasonic probe with the center frequency of 2.25 MHz; s3b: collecting ultrasonic echo, and analyzing ultrasonic echo signals, wherein the alveolar bone ultrasonic echo is a high-steep signal, and the tooth root ultrasonic echo is a continuous low-level signal; s3c: performing ultrasonic perception analysis based on the echo signals, namely performing detection analysis on the situation of deeper areas of gingiva and alveolar bone based on the echo signals, and distinguishing the alveolar bone and the tooth root on a signal level;
and S4, comparing the CBCT data image with ultrasonic echo information, and obtaining information and distinction of the tooth root and the alveolar bone of ultrasonic detection based on judgment.
2. The method for ultrasonic testing of alveolar bone and tooth root according to claim 1, wherein said S1 specifically comprises: s1a: numbering a plurality of groups of isolated teeth, and sequentially soaking the isolated teeth in water after numbering, wherein the types of the plurality of groups of isolated teeth comprise but are not limited to single root, fusion root and double root; s1b: and detecting ultrasonic echoes of the groups of tooth root type isolated teeth by using an unfocused probe, and obtaining ultrasonic echo peak values and peak amplitude.
3. The method for ultrasonic testing of alveolar bone and root of tooth according to claim 2, wherein S2 specifically comprises: s2a: a plurality of groups of isolated teeth based on the numbers are wrapped by pig bones; s2b: immersing the isolated teeth and pig bones in agar, and detecting by using a non-focusing probe; s2c: and obtaining ultrasonic echo peak values of each group of isolated teeth.
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