CN110840490A - Oral cavity scanning device and method based on high-frequency ultrasound - Google Patents
Oral cavity scanning device and method based on high-frequency ultrasound Download PDFInfo
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- CN110840490A CN110840490A CN201911116125.XA CN201911116125A CN110840490A CN 110840490 A CN110840490 A CN 110840490A CN 201911116125 A CN201911116125 A CN 201911116125A CN 110840490 A CN110840490 A CN 110840490A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B8/00—Diagnosis using ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves
- A61B8/12—Diagnosis using ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves in body cavities or body tracts, e.g. by using catheters
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B8/00—Diagnosis using ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves
- A61B8/44—Constructional features of the ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic diagnostic device
- A61B8/4444—Constructional features of the ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic diagnostic device related to the probe
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B8/00—Diagnosis using ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves
- A61B8/52—Devices using data or image processing specially adapted for diagnosis using ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves
- A61B8/5215—Devices using data or image processing specially adapted for diagnosis using ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves involving processing of medical diagnostic data
- A61B8/5223—Devices using data or image processing specially adapted for diagnosis using ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves involving processing of medical diagnostic data for extracting a diagnostic or physiological parameter from medical diagnostic data
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Abstract
A high-frequency ultrasound-based oral cavity scanning device is a single-vibration-element ultrasonic probe which is attached with a position sensor and a gel tooth socket made of ultrasonic gel or is fixed on a manipulator. A high-frequency ultrasound-based oral cavity scanning method comprises the following steps: 1) scanning teeth and periodontium one by using an oral cavity scanning device based on high-frequency ultrasound; 2) and (4) segmenting and reconstructing the target tooth section by using an ultrasonic image segmentation and reconstruction technology. The invention realizes the reconstruction of the tooth and the periodontal tissue with high speed, high efficiency and zero radiation, greatly improves the image acquisition speed and accuracy in oral medicine and has higher clinical practical value.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of medical detection and medical equipment, and relates to an oral cavity scanning device and method.
Background
Currently, in the clinical field of oral medicine, tooth condition acquisition modes mainly depend on tooth model making, optical examination and X-ray examination. The dental model can visually see all the dental crowns, but is relatively time-consuming to make, has multiple steps and can be influenced by the oral environment. The X-ray can diagnose some problems which are not noticeable in appearance, and accurately see whether the tooth condition is abnormal or not. However, X-ray imaging is not effective for certain hard tissue defects, and although modern dental equipment has a small radiation amount, X-rays cannot be used for a long time, particularly for patients such as pregnant women, and basically only in emergency situations. Optical scanning is a tooth inspection mode which is used more at home and abroad at present, but an optical scanner is influenced by oral environments such as oral temperature, saliva and the like, so that the scanning effect is poor. Ultrasound waves can penetrate soft tissues and fluids without causing physical or biological damage to the patient, and can provide instantaneous, low-cost images without ionizing radiation. Ultrasound has been widely used in medical fields such as diagnosis, non-destructive inspection, and treatment. Because the high-frequency ultrasound has the characteristics of short wavelength and high resolution, the high-frequency ultrasound is more suitable for being used in dental medicine.
Various oral diseases are more common along with the change of life style, which affects the physical health of modern human beings, and many diseases of hard tissues of teeth are related to the loss and erosion of components in the tissues of the teeth and can be controlled under proper treatment. The detection and timely treatment of early lesions in the teeth is therefore critical to prevent focal deterioration. The three-dimensional ultrasonic reconstruction technology is more and more favored by medical workers because the image display is visual, the focus can be accurately positioned, and the parameters can be accurately measured.
Since the ultrasound image is a reflection image, the high frequency sound waves are reflected at the interface between different tissues, and the ultrasound waves are strongly reflected by the bone, so objects inside the bone and outside the surface of the bone are usually not visible. The major components of teeth are two distinct substances: enamel and dentin. Enamel is the hardest tissue in the human body, covering and protecting the crown. Its acoustic properties are similar to those of human bone. The layer below the enamel, which is dentin, is slightly softer than enamel and is the most important material constituting the tooth. Its acoustic properties are intermediate between those of soft and hard tissues. The large difference in acoustic properties of these two substances creates a highly reflective interface. In dental medicine, their boundary is called dentin-enamel boundary, which is also unique in the human body and plays an important role in medical research.
Ultrasound waves are able to penetrate most hard structures and can also detect lesions in hard tissue, such as caries beneath the prosthetic surface of the tooth. Which is not detectable by conventional X-ray imaging. In addition, ultrasound is also very effective in the detection of physical discontinuities such as fractures and fissures. X-ray imaging can only detect cracks in the direction perpendicular to the X-ray beam, and has no effect on early longitudinal root cracks, and X-ray imaging can only detect when the cracks are aggravated to become pulp infection. Three-dimensional imaging of the tooth can be obtained and small tooth defects can be detected using high frequency ultrasound. In ultrasound imaging, the surface closer to the probe in the mouth is displayed and a representation of depth is achieved. High frequency ultrasound can provide higher resolution than conventional ultrasound imaging by sacrificing depth of penetration. Ultrasound is less sensitive to scattering than light, and therefore provides greater imaging depth than optical imaging, while maintaining good spatial resolution. Because ultrasound has no ionizing radiation, is real-time, can be used in real-time by the dentist during surgery, and does not require surgery or other guidance to direct images or video to the patient. Unlike known somewhat imprecise subgingival examinations, ultrasound does not require mechanical penetration of delicate soft tissue in the surgical area.
Because the particularity of the shape and the space of the tooth is not beneficial to obtaining clear image information by utilizing ultrasound, the tooth has small volume, so that the required probe is relatively small, the single-vibration-element transducer has small volume and flexible scanning mode, and can be applied to the teeth of people with small volume. Ultrasound is expected to become a common dental medical tool, for example, for monitoring daily wear of teeth, providing accurate enamel thickness to physicians in diagnosis, providing clear tooth surface condition to physicians in surgery, and the like.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the existing defects, the invention aims to provide the oral cavity scanning device and the method based on the high-frequency ultrasound, so that the oral cavity is scanned by the original oral cavity scanning device based on the high-frequency ultrasound to obtain the complete picture of teeth and periodontal tissues in real time; the reconstruction of the tooth and the periodontal tissue can be realized quickly, efficiently and in zero radiation, the image acquisition speed and accuracy in oral medicine are greatly improved, and the dental implant has higher clinical practical value.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows:
a high-frequency ultrasound-based oral cavity scanning device is a single-vibration-element ultrasonic probe which is attached with a position sensor and a gel tooth socket made of ultrasonic gel or is fixed on a manipulator.
Further, the position sensor includes, but is not limited to, a mechanical, electromagnetic position sensor.
Still further, the surface of the gel tooth socket is made of materials including but not limited to ultrasound permeable materials such as silica gel, and the filling materials of the gel tooth socket include but not limited to ultrasound absorbing materials with a reflectivity of near water such as ultrasound gel and deionized water.
A method of high frequency ultrasound based oral scanning, the method comprising the steps of: 1) scanning teeth and periodontium one by using an oral cavity scanning device based on high-frequency ultrasound; 2) and (4) segmenting and reconstructing the target tooth section by using an ultrasonic image segmentation and reconstruction technology.
Further, the tooth and periodontal tissue in step 1) refer to external surfaces of a crown, a neck and an extraradicular alveolar bone.
Preferably, the surfaces of the teeth and the periodontal tissues are according to buccal surfaces, labial surfaces, jaw surfaces, lingual surfaces, posterior occlusal surfaces and anterior incisal edges of the teeth.
In the step 1), the tooth and periodontal tissue scanning method includes scanning the high-frequency ultrasonic oral cavity scanning device transversely along the tooth, and rapidly and efficiently reconstructing the full appearance of the tooth and periodontal tissue according to the scanning results of the buccal surface, the labial surface, the jaw surface, the lingual surface, the posterior occlusal surface and the incisal margin of the anterior tooth.
In the step 2), the target tooth section refers to a tooth and a periodontal tissue part where a target detection area for clinical treatment is located.
In the step 2), the ultrasonic image segmentation and reconstruction method is to apply a signal and an image processing algorithm to reconstruct a high-resolution ultrasonic image and extract tooth surface structure information and enamel-dentin boundary information in each frame; all edges are combined and smoothed to render a three-dimensional surface image of the tooth.
In the step 1), the device is a single-vibration-element ultrasonic probe which is attached with a position sensor and a gel tooth socket manufactured by using ultrasonic gel or a single-vibration-element ultrasonic probe fixed on a manipulator;
the use method of the gel tooth socket manufactured by utilizing the ultrasonic gel comprises the steps of placing the tooth socket in the oral cavity of a patient to be in seamless joint with the teeth of the patient, and smearing the ultrasonic gel and adding deionized water and other materials with the ultrasonic absorption reflectivity close to water in the gel tooth socket to assist in realizing the seamless full coverage of the gel tooth socket and the teeth.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
first, ultrasound can penetrate soft tissues and fluids without causing physical or biological damage to the patient, can provide instantaneous, low-cost images without ionizing radiation, can be used in real-time by the dentist during surgery, and does not require surgery or other guidance to direct images or video to the patient;
secondly, three-dimensional imaging of the teeth can be obtained by using high-frequency ultrasonic waves, and tiny tooth defects can be detected;
third, in ultrasound imaging, the surface closer to the probe in the mouth is shown, allowing a representation of depth;
fourth, unlike known somewhat imprecise subgingival examinations, ultrasound does not require mechanical penetration of delicate soft tissue in the surgical area, enabling less invasive treatment of the patient.
The method and the device based on high-frequency ultrasonic oral cavity scanning are beneficial to exerting the advantages of no damage, no radiation, real time and economy of ultrasonic imaging, reducing the consumption of commonly adopted dental model materials and the possibility of manufacture failure caused by oral cavity environmental factors in dental model manufacture, eliminating the radiation damage acquired by the current mainstream dental film and realizing the accurate presentation of oral cavity teeth and periodontal tissues.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a high frequency ultrasound-based oral cavity scanning device, wherein (a) is a side view of the high frequency ultrasound-based oral cavity scanning device and (b) is a top view of the high frequency ultrasound-based oral cavity scanning device;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a gel mouthpiece for use in the high frequency ultrasound oral scanning method and apparatus, wherein (a) is a top view of the gel mouthpiece for use in the high frequency ultrasound oral scanning method and apparatus, and (b) is a side view of the gel mouthpiece for use in the high frequency ultrasound oral scanning method and apparatus;
fig. 3 is a flow chart of a high-frequency ultrasound-based oral cavity scanning method.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Referring to fig. 1 to 3, a high-frequency ultrasound-based oral cavity scanning device is a single-vibrator ultrasonic probe with a position sensor and a gel mouthpiece made of ultrasonic gel or a single-vibrator ultrasonic probe fixed to a manipulator.
Further, the position sensor includes, but is not limited to, a mechanical, electromagnetic position sensor.
Still further, the surface of the gel tooth socket is made of materials including but not limited to ultrasound permeable materials such as silica gel, and the filling materials of the gel tooth socket include but not limited to ultrasound absorbing materials with a reflectivity of near water such as ultrasound gel and deionized water.
A method of high frequency ultrasound based oral scanning, the method comprising the steps of: 1) scanning teeth and periodontium one by using an oral cavity scanning device based on high-frequency ultrasound; 2) and (4) segmenting and reconstructing the target tooth section by using an ultrasonic image segmentation and reconstruction technology.
Further, the tooth and periodontal tissue in step 1) refer to external surfaces of a crown, a neck and an extraradicular alveolar bone.
Preferably, the surfaces of the teeth and the periodontal tissues are according to buccal surfaces, labial surfaces, jaw surfaces, lingual surfaces, posterior occlusal surfaces and anterior incisal edges of the teeth.
In the step 1), the tooth and periodontal tissue scanning method includes scanning the high-frequency ultrasonic oral cavity scanning device transversely along the tooth, and rapidly and efficiently reconstructing the full appearance of the tooth and periodontal tissue according to the scanning results of the buccal surface, the labial surface, the jaw surface, the lingual surface, the posterior occlusal surface and the incisal margin of the anterior tooth.
In the step 2), the target tooth section refers to a tooth and a periodontal tissue part where a target detection area for clinical treatment is located.
In the step 2), the ultrasonic image segmentation and reconstruction method is to apply a signal and an image processing algorithm to reconstruct a high-resolution ultrasonic image and extract tooth surface structure information and enamel-dentin boundary information in each frame; all edges are combined and smoothed to render a three-dimensional surface image of the tooth.
In the step 1), the device is a single-vibration-element ultrasonic probe which is attached with a position sensor and a gel tooth socket manufactured by using ultrasonic gel or a single-vibration-element ultrasonic probe fixed on a manipulator;
the use method of the gel tooth socket manufactured by utilizing the ultrasonic gel comprises the steps of placing the tooth socket in the oral cavity of a patient to be in seamless joint with the teeth of the patient, and smearing the ultrasonic gel and adding deionized water and other materials with the ultrasonic absorption reflectivity close to water in the gel tooth socket to assist in realizing the seamless full coverage of the gel tooth socket and the teeth.
The use steps of the oral cavity scanning device based on the high-frequency ultrasound are as follows:
1. intraoral scanning is performed from the midline of the teeth in the mesial plane, along their long axes, by a single-element ultrasonic probe with a position sensor and a single-element ultrasonic probe attached thereto or a single-element ultrasonic probe fixed to a manipulator.
2. An ultrasonic probe is placed at the intersection of the palate and alveolar process of the maxilla, slightly away from the second molar, and the transducer is then moved back and forth and down in small increments until the occlusal surface can be seen, scanning intraorally along the long axis of the tooth.
The ultrasound probe is placed at the intersection of the mandibular teeth and alveolar process, slightly away from the second molar tooth, and the transducer is then moved back and forth and up in small increments until the occlusal surface is visible, scanning intraorally along the long axis of the tooth.
3. The ultrasound probe was placed on the lingual side of the mandibular second molar, on the horizontal line of the alveolar ridge, and the transducer was then moved along the lingual mucosal surface until the lingual nerve appeared in the image.
The invention realizes the reconstruction of the tooth and the periodontal tissue with high speed, high efficiency and zero radiation, greatly improves the image acquisition speed and accuracy in oral medicine and has higher clinical practical value.
Claims (10)
1. An oral cavity scanning device based on high-frequency ultrasound is characterized in that the device is a single-vibration-element ultrasonic probe which is attached with a position sensor and a gel tooth socket made of ultrasonic gel or a single-vibration-element ultrasonic probe fixed on a manipulator.
2. The high frequency ultrasound-based oral scanning device of claim 1, wherein the position sensor is a mechanical or electromagnetic position sensor.
3. The oral cavity scanning device based on high-frequency ultrasound according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the surface of the gel mouthpiece is made of silica gel, and the filling material of the gel mouthpiece is ultrasound gel or deionized water.
4. A method implemented by a high frequency ultrasound-based oral scanning apparatus according to claim 1, the method comprising the steps of: 1) scanning teeth and periodontium one by using an oral cavity scanning device based on high-frequency ultrasound; 2) and (4) segmenting and reconstructing the target tooth section by using an ultrasonic image segmentation and reconstruction technology.
5. The method according to claim 4, wherein the tooth and periodontal tissue in step 1) is the external surface of the crown, the neck and the extraroot alveolar bone.
6. The method of claim 5, wherein each of said dental and periodontal tissue surfaces is according to buccal, labial, buccal, lingual, posterior occlusal and anterior incisal margins of the teeth.
7. The method as claimed in any one of claims 4 to 6, wherein in step 1), the tooth and periodontal tissue scanning method comprises scanning a high frequency ultrasonic oral cavity scanning device transversely along the tooth, and reconstructing the full appearance of the tooth and periodontal tissue rapidly and efficiently according to the scanning results of the buccal surface, labial surface, jaw surface, lingual surface, posterior occlusal surface and anterior incisal margin of the tooth.
8. The method according to any one of claims 4 to 6, wherein in step 2), the target tooth section is a tooth and a periodontal tissue portion where a target detection region is located for clinical treatment.
9. The method as claimed in any one of claims 4 to 6, wherein in the step 2), the ultrasonic image segmentation and reconstruction method is to apply signal and image processing algorithm to reconstruct high resolution ultrasonic image and extract tooth surface structure information and enamel-dentin boundary information in each frame; all edges are combined and smoothed to render a three-dimensional surface image of the tooth.
10. The method according to any one of claims 4 to 6, wherein in step 1), the device is a single-vibrator ultrasonic probe with a position sensor and a gel mouthpiece made of ultrasonic gel or a single-vibrator ultrasonic probe fixed to a manipulator;
the use method of the gel tooth socket manufactured by utilizing the ultrasonic gel comprises the steps of placing the tooth socket in the oral cavity of a patient to be in seamless joint with the teeth of the patient, and smearing the ultrasonic gel and adding deionized water and other materials with the ultrasonic absorption reflectivity close to water in the gel tooth socket to assist in realizing the seamless full coverage of the gel tooth socket and the teeth.
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| CN201911116125.XA CN110840490A (en) | 2019-11-15 | 2019-11-15 | Oral cavity scanning device and method based on high-frequency ultrasound |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114098800A (en) * | 2021-11-15 | 2022-03-01 | 上海交通大学医学院附属第九人民医院 | Method for ultrasonically detecting alveolar bone and tooth root |
| CN114463407A (en) * | 2022-01-19 | 2022-05-10 | 西安交通大学口腔医院 | System for realizing oral cavity shaping simulation display by combining 3D image with feature fusion technology |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114098800A (en) * | 2021-11-15 | 2022-03-01 | 上海交通大学医学院附属第九人民医院 | Method for ultrasonically detecting alveolar bone and tooth root |
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| CN114463407A (en) * | 2022-01-19 | 2022-05-10 | 西安交通大学口腔医院 | System for realizing oral cavity shaping simulation display by combining 3D image with feature fusion technology |
| CN114463407B (en) * | 2022-01-19 | 2023-02-17 | 西安交通大学口腔医院 | System for realizing oral cavity shaping simulation display by combining 3D image with feature fusion technology |
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