CN114097821A - 一种杀菌消毒剂及其制备方法和应用 - Google Patents
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- A01N25/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators, characterised by their forms, or by their non-active ingredients or by their methods of application, e.g. seed treatment or sequential application; Substances for reducing the noxious effect of the active ingredients to organisms other than pests
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种杀菌消毒剂及其制备方法和应用，属于无机溶胶材料与环境保护技术领域。该杀菌消毒剂的制备原料按重量份数计的组成为：过氧化氢10‑25份；改性氧化钛溶胶0.1‑1份；络合剂0.001‑0.1份；表面活性剂0.1‑1份；无水乙醇1‑6份；水80‑100份。所述杀菌消毒剂具有良好的杀菌、抗菌性能，可直接作为一种杀菌、抗菌剂喷涂于物体表面形成功能涂层，解决了化学类杀菌消毒剂持续时间短且只能靠化学试剂的分解来杀菌消毒的难题。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及无机溶胶材料与环境保护技术领域，具体涉及一种杀菌消毒剂及其制备方法和应用。
背景技术
消毒剂用于杀灭传播媒介上病原微生物，使其达到无害化要求，将病原微生物消灭于人体之外，切断传染病的传播途径，达到控制传染病的目的。绝大部分的消毒剂均为化学消毒剂，都是通过强氧化性的作用去实现灭菌、消毒的目的。但是化学消毒剂在使用过程中存在着缺陷，比如一般都具有腐蚀性、刺激性气味等，在作业过程中需要进行人员的隔离。另外，化学消毒剂在存储过程中存在着安全隐患，消毒作用时间短，这些都直接限制了化学类消毒剂在抗疫、防疫领域更好的应用。因此，发展新型的杀菌消毒剂具有重要的现实意义。
光催化材料在光照下能够产生电子与空穴，电子、空穴与环境中的氧气和水分子反应进一步生成具有强氧化能力的活性基团，可用于杀灭环境中的微生物、细菌和病毒等。但是光催化材料在杀菌应用时存在一定局限，比如在室内环境下，要求光催化材料需要具有可见光响应；比如光催化材料在实施杀菌功能时需要无毒长效，且便于施工。因此，发展基于光催化杀菌的新型杀菌消毒剂，使其能够应用更广范围内的杀菌消毒应用，具有重要的现实意义。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种杀菌消毒剂及其制备方法和应用，该杀菌消毒剂主要由过氧化物和氧化物溶胶组成。所述杀菌消毒剂具有良好的杀菌、抗菌性能，可直接作为一种杀菌、抗菌剂喷涂于物体表面形成功能涂层，解决了化学类杀菌消毒剂持续时间短且只能靠化学试剂的分解来杀菌消毒的难题。
为实现上述目的，本发明所采用的技术方案是：
一种杀菌消毒剂，按重量份数计，该杀菌消毒剂的制备原料组成如下：
所述改性氧化钛溶胶为掺杂氧化钛或经表面活化的氧化钛溶胶，可吸收紫外区域和可见光区域的光能。
所述改性氧化钛溶胶指的是由金属离子掺杂改性、非金属离子掺杂改性和官能团敏化的氧化钛溶胶中的一种。
所述络合剂为金属离子铵根络合剂，所述表面活性剂为磺酸基型、季铵化合物和氨基酸型表面活性剂。
所述杀菌消毒剂的制备方法为：首先按照该杀菌消毒剂的制备原料组成称量各原料，然后将过氧化氢、络合剂、改性氧化钛溶胶和水混合并搅拌一定时间，使过氧化氢结合络合剂溶解并分散改性氧化钛溶胶至均一水溶液；最后在所得水溶液中加入表面活性剂和无水乙醇，即获得所述杀菌消毒剂。
该杀菌消毒剂的制备过程中根据所需杀菌能力调控改性氧化钛溶胶的加入量。
所述杀菌消毒剂直接作为杀菌或抗菌材料，在有光或无光条件下喷涂于物体表面进行杀菌消毒，并在物体表面形成涂层。
本发明的设计原理如下：
本发明最根本的出发点是过氧化氢和络合剂的存在可以在很大程度上稳定氧化钛溶胶，形成适合喷涂作业的溶液。在室温下配制性状均匀的水溶液杀菌消毒剂，经喷涂后水溶液中的有效成分保留下并在物体表面形成涂层，提供长期有效的保护。
本发明的优点在于：
1.本发明采用室温下湿化学配制的工艺，避免了指定温度还原反应前的不均匀形核，同时更加方便的调控最终材料中的有效成分的比例。
2.本发明工艺流程简单、操作简便，能耗低，适合大批量生产。
3.本发明的杀菌消毒剂可直接作为一种杀菌、抗菌材料，也可以作为一种光催化杀菌消毒材料。
4.本发明的杀菌消毒剂可经喷涂作业后可在物体表面形成杀菌消毒涂层，提供长时间的保护。
具体实施方式
以下结合实施例详述本发明。
本发明提供一种杀菌消毒剂及其制备方法和应用，该杀菌消毒剂，按照重量份数计，其原料组成为：过氧化氢10-25份，改性氧化钛溶胶0.1-1份，络合剂0.001-0.1份，表面活性剂0.1-1份，水80-100份，无水乙醇1-6份。
以下实施例中杀菌消毒剂的制备方法为：首先按将过氧化氢、络合剂、改性氧化钛溶胶和水按比例混合并搅拌10min，过氧化氢结合络合剂溶解并分散改性氧化钛溶胶至均一水溶液；然后在所得水溶液中加入表面活性剂和无水乙醇，即获得所述杀菌消毒剂。
实施例1：
本实施例为亲水性杀菌消毒剂及其制备方法：
按照重量份数计，其原料组成为：过氧化氢10份，氮掺杂氧化钛溶胶1份，氨水0.001份，PVP(聚乙烯吡咯烷酮)0.3份，水80份，无水乙醇1份。
实施例2：
本实施例为疏水性杀菌消毒剂及其制备方法：
按照重量份数计，其原料组成为：过氧化氢10份，银掺杂氧化钛溶胶1份，硅烷偶联剂0.01份，PVP(聚乙烯吡咯烷酮)0.2份，水80份，无水乙醇1份。
实施例3：
本实施例为透明杀菌消毒剂及其制备方法：
按照重量份数计，其原料组成为：过氧化氢15份，过渡金属改性氧化钛溶胶0.1份，银氨络合物0.05份，PEG(聚乙二醇)0.1份，水80份，无水乙醇1份。
对以上实施例的杀菌杀毒效果进行测试，结果如表1。
表1杀菌消毒剂效果汇总
| 实施例 | 检测项目 | 检测结果 |
| 1 | 抗细菌性能(大肠杆菌) | 抗菌率>99％ |
| 2 | 肠道病毒71型 | 抗病毒活性>99.91％ |
| 3 | 甲型流感病毒H3N2 | 抗病毒活性>99.92％ |
| 1 | 非洲猪瘟病毒 | 对ASFV有完全的灭活作用 |
| 2 | 甲醛净化性能 | 净化效率92.6％ |
以上实施例仅仅作为对本发明的说明，不能理解为对本发明保护范围的限制。
Claims (7)
1.一种杀菌消毒剂，其特征在于：按重量份数计，该杀菌消毒剂的制备原料组成如下：
2.根据权利要求1所述的杀菌消毒剂，其特征在于：所述改性氧化钛溶胶为掺杂氧化钛或经表面活化的氧化钛溶胶，可吸收紫外区域和可见光区域的光能。
3.根据权利要求1所述的杀菌消毒剂，其特征在于：所述改性氧化钛溶胶是指由金属离子掺杂改性、非金属离子掺杂改性和官能团敏化的氧化钛溶胶中的一种。
4.根据权利要求1所述的杀菌消毒剂，其特征在于：所述络合剂为金属离子铵根络合剂，所述表面活性剂为磺酸基型、季铵化合物和氨基酸型表面活性剂。
5.根据权利要求1所述的杀菌消毒剂的制备方法，其特征在于：该方法首先按照该杀菌消毒剂的制备原料组成称量各原料，然后将过氧化氢、络合剂、改性氧化钛溶胶和水混合并搅拌一定时间，使过氧化氢结合络合剂溶解并分散改性氧化钛溶胶至均一水溶液；最后在所得水溶液中加入表面活性剂和无水乙醇，即获得所述杀菌消毒剂。
6.根据权利要求5所述的杀菌消毒剂的制备方法，其特征在于：该杀菌消毒剂的制备过程中根据所需杀菌能力调控改性氧化钛溶胶的加入量。
7.根据权利要求1所述的杀菌消毒剂的应用，其特征在于：所述杀菌消毒剂直接作为杀菌或抗菌材料，在有光或无光条件下喷涂于物体表面进行杀菌消毒，并在物体表面形成涂层。
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