CN114097812B - 一种防治阔叶杂草的协同性除草组合物 - Google Patents
一种防治阔叶杂草的协同性除草组合物 Download PDFInfo
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- CN114097812B CN114097812B CN202111540623.4A CN202111540623A CN114097812B CN 114097812 B CN114097812 B CN 114097812B CN 202111540623 A CN202111540623 A CN 202111540623A CN 114097812 B CN114097812 B CN 114097812B
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- DFFWZNDCNBOKDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N trinexapac Chemical compound O=C1CC(C(=O)O)CC(=O)C1=C(O)C1CC1 DFFWZNDCNBOKDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GPRLSGONYQIRFK-MNYXATJNSA-N triton Chemical compound [3H+] GPRLSGONYQIRFK-MNYXATJNSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KVEQCVKVIFQSGC-UHFFFAOYSA-N tritosulfuron Chemical compound FC(F)(F)C1=NC(OC)=NC(NC(=O)NS(=O)(=O)C=2C(=CC=CC=2)C(F)(F)F)=N1 KVEQCVKVIFQSGC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000015112 vegetable and seed oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000008158 vegetable oil Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008096 xylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010457 zeolite Substances 0.000 description 1
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N47/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom not being member of a ring and having no bond to a carbon or hydrogen atom, e.g. derivatives of carbonic acid
- A01N47/08—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom not being member of a ring and having no bond to a carbon or hydrogen atom, e.g. derivatives of carbonic acid the carbon atom having one or more single bonds to nitrogen atoms
- A01N47/28—Ureas or thioureas containing the groups >N—CO—N< or >N—CS—N<
- A01N47/36—Ureas or thioureas containing the groups >N—CO—N< or >N—CS—N< containing the group >N—CO—N< directly attached to at least one heterocyclic ring; Thio analogues thereof
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N25/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators, characterised by their forms, or by their non-active ingredients or by their methods of application, e.g. seed treatment or sequential application; Substances for reducing the noxious effect of the active ingredients to organisms other than pests
- A01N25/32—Ingredients for reducing the noxious effect of the active substances to organisms other than pests, e.g. toxicity reducing compositions, self-destructing compositions
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N43/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
- A01N43/34—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom
- A01N43/40—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one nitrogen atom as the only ring hetero atom six-membered rings
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
- Agronomy & Crop Science (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Toxicology (AREA)
- Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)
Abstract
本发明提供一种防治阔叶杂草的协同性除草组合物;更涉及所述协同性除草组合物用于防治猪殃殃、阿拉伯婆婆纳的用途。所述的协同性除草组合物,活性组分由化合物(A)和化合物(B)组成,其中化合物(A)为由式(I)描述的化合物或其农用盐或酯,化合物(B)选自碘甲磺隆钠盐,所述化合物(A)与化合物(B)的重量比为15:1‑1:15;所述化合物A的酯为化合物甲酯,化合物A的盐为钾盐。
Description
本申请是申请号2016111988945,申请日为2016年12月22日,发明名称为“一种协同性除草组合物”的分案申请。
技术领域
本发明涉及的是一种防治阔叶杂草的协同性除草组合物;更涉及所述协同性除草组合物用于防治猪殃殃、阿拉伯婆婆纳的用途。
背景技术
近年来,由于一些除草剂品种大面积单独使用,已经导致很多杂草产生抗药性。同时,杂草发生时的草相复杂,禾本科杂草、阔叶杂草、莎草多类杂草混生,单一品种除草剂使用不能解决农田杂草,均会表现出某一方面的缺陷和局限性。所以,仍然存在对于有效防治不希望有的植物的组合物和方法的需求。
目前,除草剂受作物安全性所限,杀草谱也有限,单独使用一种除草剂单剂不能完全有效地控制作物田杂草的发生,另一方面除草剂用量过大或施药不均匀也容易造成对当季作物或后茬作物产生不可接受的毒性。
发明内容
本发明的目的是针对上述不足之处提供一种防治阔叶杂草的协同性除草组合物,以特别有利的方式获得技术人员所需的对杂草控制的“协同增效”作用,甚至包括难以控制的某些杂草种类。而且,施用本发明组合物可以显著降低组合中单个组分的施用量,降低了对作物的植物毒性。
“协同增效”作用是指在一些情况下,已显示除草性活性成分组合施用时比单独施用时更有效。“协同增效”作用指两种或多种因素相互作用,使得当组合时的效果比基于分别施用各因素的响应所预期的效果好。
提供一种防治阔叶杂草的协同性除草组合物,活性组分由化合物(A)和化合物(B)组成;其中化合物(A)为由式(I)描述的化合物或其农用盐或酯;化合物(B)选自碘甲磺隆钠盐。
(I)
式(I)化合物化学名称为4-氨基-3-氯-6-(4-氯-2-氟-3-甲氧基苯基)吡啶-2-甲酸。式(I)化合物已经描述于US7314849中。式(I)化合物用途包括防治多种非耕作物和耕种作物的不希望的植物,包括禾本科、阔叶科和莎草科杂草。
化合物(A)为由式(I)描述的化合物或其农用盐或酯。式(I)描述的化合物的酯优选正丁酯、甲酯、苄基酯;式(I)描述的化合物的盐优选钠、钾、镁、三乙胺。
式(I)描述的化合物的酯优选甲酯:氟氯吡啶酯(Halauxifen-methyl);化学名称为4-氨基-3-氯-6-(4-氯-2-氟-3-甲氧基苯基)吡啶-2-甲酸甲酯;氟氯吡啶酯已经描述于US7314849中。其具有下述结构:
式(I)描述的化合物的盐优选钾盐;氟氯吡啶钾盐化学名称为: 4-氨基-3-氯-6-(4-氯-2-氟-3-甲氧基苯基)吡啶-2-甲酸钾。其具有下述结构:
化合物B 选自碘甲磺隆钠盐;所述化合物(A)与化合物(B)的重量比为50:1-1:50,优选25:1-1:25,更优选10:1-1:10,更优选5:1-1:5。
所述化合物(A)与化合物(B)的重量范围还可以是50:1-1:50,40:1-1:40,30:1-1:30,25:1-1:25,20:1-1:20,10:1-1:10,5:1-1:5。
所述化合物(A)与化合物(B)的重量范围还可以是50:1,49:1,48:1,47:1,46:1,45:1,44:1,43:1,42:1,41:1,40:1,39:1,38:1,37:1,36:1,35:1,34:1,33:1,32:1,31:1,30:1,29:1,28:1,27:1,26:1,25:1,24:1,23:1,22:1,21:1,20:1,19:1,18:1,17:1,16:1,15:1,14:1,13:1,12:1,11:1,10:1,9:1,8:1,7:1,6:1,5:1,4:1,3:1,2:1,1:1,1:2,1:3,1:4,1:5,1:6,1:7,1:8,1:9,1:10,1:11,1:12,1:13,1:14,1:15,1:16,1:17,1:18,1:19,1:20,1:21,1:22,1:23,1:24,1:25,1:26,1:27,1:28,1:29,1:30,1:31,1:32,1:33,1:34,1:35,1:36,1:37,1:38,1:39,1:40,1:41,1:42,1:43,1:44,1:45,1:46,1:47,1:48,1:49,1:50。
本发明还提供一种防治阔叶杂草的协同性除草组合物,活性组分由化合物(A)和化合物(B)组成,化合物(A)和化合物(B)的含量占所述协同性除草组合物的1%-90%,优选1%-80%,更优选1%-70%,更优选1%-60%,更优选1%-50%,更优选1%-40%,更优选1%-30%,更优选1%-25%;所述化合物(A)为由式(I)描述的化合物或其农用盐或酯;化合物(B)选自碘甲磺隆钠盐。
本发明还提供一种防治阔叶杂草的协同性除草组合物,活性组分由化合物(A)和化合物(B)组成,化合物(A)和化合物(B)的含量占所述协同性除草组合物的还可以是1%,3%,5%,7%,8%,9%,10%,11%,12%,13%,14%,15%,16%,17%,18%,19%,20%,21%,22%,23%,24%,25%,26%,27%,28%,29%,30%,31%,32%,33%,34%,35%,36%,37%,38%,39%,40%,41%,42%,43%,44%,45%,46%,47%,48%,49%,50%,55%,60%,65%,70%,75%,80%,85%,90%。
本发明还提供一种防治阔叶杂草的协同性除草组合物,活性组分由化合物(A)和化合物(B)组成,还包括填充剂和/或表面活性剂。
所述防治阔叶杂草的协同性除草组合物的剂型为可湿性粉剂、水溶性粒剂、水溶性液剂、乳油、悬浮剂、微囊剂、微乳剂、水乳剂、悬浮乳剂、微囊悬浮-悬浮剂、水分散粒剂、超低容量液剂、片剂、低容量分散粒剂、丸剂或干悬浮剂。
本发明所述防治阔叶杂草的协同性除草组合物还含有除草剂安全剂。
所述除草剂安全剂选自1,8-萘二甲酸酐(1,8-Naphthalenedicarboxylicanhydride)、解草酮(Benoxacor)、解草唑(Fenchlorazole-ethyl)、呋喃解草唑(Furilazole)、解草烷(2-dichloromethyl-2-methyl-1,3-dioxolane)、解草胺腈(Cyometrinil)、解草腈(Oxabetrinil)、肟草安(Fluxofenim)、解草啶(Fenclorim)、解草安(Flurazole)或解草烯(Acetamide)、双苯噁唑酸(Isoxadifen)、吡唑解草酯(Mefenpyr-diethyl)、解草酯(Cloquintocet-mexyl)、二氯丙烯胺(Dichlormid)、吡咯二酸乙酯(Mefenpyr-ethyl)、杀草丹(Benthiocarb)、芸薹素内酯(Brassinolide)、杀草隆(Daimuron)、烯丙酰草胺(Dichlormid)、哌草丹(Dimepiperate) 、乙拌磷(Disulfoton)、氟草肟(Fluxofenim)、解草呋(Furilazole)、双苯噁唑酸乙酯(Isoxadifen-ethyl)、N-苯基-磺酰基苯甲酸酰胺中的至少一种。
本发明所述的防治阔叶杂草的协同性除草组合物还可包含其他组分的各种活性化合物,例如选自杀真菌剂、杀昆虫剂、杀螨剂、杀线虫剂、驱鸟剂、土壤结构改良剂、植物营养素(肥料)、以及结构不同于化合物(A)和化合物(B)的除草剂、以及植物生长调节剂。
本发明所述的防治阔叶杂草的协同性除草组合物进一步还可包含液体肥料或固体肥料。
一种协同性除草组合物在防治阔叶科杂草不希望的植物发芽或生长的用途。
所述的协同性除草组合物对反枝苋(Amaranthus retroflexus L.)、藜(Chenopodium album L.)、繁缕(Stellaria media (L.) Cyr.)、猪殃殃(Galium aparineL.)、阿拉伯婆婆纳(Veronica persica Poir.)的控制中以低于各化合物单独施用时的施用率展现出了协同增效作用。
所述协同性除草组合物可用于防治以下位置的不希望的植物:直接播种、水中播种和移植的稻子、谷类、小麦、大麦、黑麦、高粱、玉米、甘蔗、向日葵、油菜、低芥酸油菜、甜菜、大豆、棉花、菠萝、牧地、牧草地、休耕地、草皮、乔木或藤本果园、水生物、种植园作物、蔬菜、工业植被管理或道路周围。
本发明的协同性除草组合物特别是可用于防治稻子、小麦、大麦、黑麦、油菜、低芥酸油菜、甜菜、玉米、草皮、棉花、蔬菜、甘蔗、大豆作物中禾本植物、莎草植物、阔叶植物不希望的植物的发芽或生长的用途。
本发明的协同性除草组合物用于在有用作物中防治不希望的植物发芽或生长的用途,所述除草组合物被所述有用作物耐受。
一种防治不希望的植物的方法,包括:(i)在不希望的植物发芽之前(芽前);(ii)在不希望的植物发芽之后(芽后),或(iii)在(i)和(ii)时,将除草有效量的本发明的协同性除草组合物施用于不希望的植物或其生长场所。
一种防治不希望的植物的方法,包括使不希望的植物或其生长场所与除草有效量的所述的协同性除草组合物接触。除草有效量指施用以防治不希望的植物的除草活性成分的量。
一种防治不希望的植物的方法,将本发明所述的协同性除草组合物施用于不希望的植物或其生长场所以防治不希望的植物的发芽或生长。
一种防治不希望的植物的方法,将本发明所述的协同性除草组合物施用至土壤或水中以防治不希望的植物的发芽或生长。
一种防治不希望的植物的方法,将本发明所述的协同性除草组合物中的化合物(A)和化合物(B)共同或单独地施用于不希望的植物或其生长场所以防治不希望的植物的发芽或生长。
一种防治不希望的植物的方法,将本发明的协同性除草组合物中的化合物(A)和化合物(B)共同或单独地施用于土壤或水中以防治不希望的植物的发芽或生长。
一种防治不希望的植物的方法,包括将本发明的协同除草组合物在有用作物的植株、有用作物的种子或有用作物的其它繁殖部分存在下施用。
一种防治不希望的植物的方法,包括将本发明所述的协同性除草组合物加入到灌溉水中,通过使用地面或空中喷粉机、喷雾器、撒粒机施用到不希望的植物或其生长场所。
一种防治阔叶杂草的协同性除草组合物优点:
本发明一种防治阔叶杂草的协同性除草组合物,以特别有利的方式获得技术人员所需的对杂草控制的“协同增效”作用,甚至包括难以控制的某些杂草种类。而且,施用本发明组合物可以显著降低组合中单个组分的施用量,降低了对作物的植物毒性。
本发明一种防治阔叶杂草的协同性除草组合物已显示除草性活性成分组合施用时比单独施用时更有效。“协同增效”作用指两种或多种因素相互作用,使得当组合时的效果比基于分别施用各因素的响应所预期的效果好。
具体实施方式
本发明的目的是提供一种防治阔叶杂草的协同性除草组合物,活性组分由化合物(A)和化合物(B)组成;其中化合物(A)为由式(I)描述的化合物或其农用盐或酯;化合物(B)选自碘甲磺隆钠盐。
所述化合物(A)与化合物(B)的重量比为50:1-1:50,优选25:1-1:25,更优选10:1-1:10,更优选5:1-1:5。
所述化合物(A)与化合物(B)的重量范围还可以是50:1-1:50,40:1-1:40,30:1-1:30,25:1-1:25,20:1-1:20,10:1-1:10,5:1-1:5。
所述化合物(A)与化合物(B)的重量范围还可以是50:1,49:1,48:1,47:1,46:1,45:1,44:1,43:1,42:1,41:1,40:1,39:1,38:1,37:1,36:1,35:1,34:1,33:1,32:1,31:1,30:1,29:1,28:1,27:1,26:1,25:1,24:1,23:1,22:1,21:1,20:1,19:1,18:1,17:1,16:1,15:1,14:1,13:1,12:1,11:1,10:1,9:1,8:1,7:1,6:1,5:1,4:1,3:1,2:1,1:1,1:2,1:3,1:4,1:5,1:6,1:7,1:8,1:9,1:10,1:11,1:12,1:13,1:14,1:15,1:16,1:17,1:18,1:19,1:20,1:21,1:22,1:23,1:24,1:25,1:26,1:27,1:28,1:29,1:30,1:31,1:32,1:33,1:34,1:35,1:36,1:37,1:38,1:39,1:40,1:41,1:42,1:43,1:44,1:45,1:46,1:47,1:48,1:49,1:50。
化合物(A)为由式(I)描述的化合物或其农用盐或酯;式(I)化合物化学名称为4-氨基-3-氯-6-(4-氯-2-氟-3-甲氧基苯基)吡啶-2-甲酸。式(I)化合物已经描述于US7314849中。式(I)化合物用途包括防治多种非耕作物和耕种作物的不希望的植物,包括禾本科、阔叶科和莎草科杂草。
(I)
化合物(A)为由式(I)描述的化合物或其农用盐或酯。式(I)描述的化合物的酯优选正丁酯、甲酯、苄基酯;式(I)描述的化合物的盐优选钠、钾、镁、三乙胺。
式(I)描述的化合物的酯优选甲酯:氟氯吡啶酯(Halauxifen-methyl);化学名称为4-氨基-3-氯-6-(4-氯-2-氟-3-甲氧基苯基)吡啶-2-甲酸甲酯;氟氯吡啶酯已经描述于US7314849中。其具有下述结构:
式(I)描述的化合物的盐优选钾盐;氟氯吡啶钾盐化学名称为: 4-氨基-3-氯-6-(4-氯-2-氟-3-甲氧基苯基)吡啶-2-甲酸钾。其具有下述结构:
化合物B选自碘甲磺隆钠盐(Idosulfuron-methyl sodium)。碘甲磺隆钠盐,化学名称4-碘-2-[3-(4-甲氧基-6-甲基-1,3,5-三嗪-2-基)脲磺酰基]苯甲酸甲酯钠盐。碘甲磺隆钠盐由安万特公司研制,通过抑制乙酰乳酸合成酶而起作用,主要用于小麦田苗后早期防除黑麦草、野燕麦、梯牧草和多种阔叶杂草。碘甲磺隆钠盐结构式为:
本发明还提供一种防治阔叶杂草的协同性除草组合物,活性组分由化合物(A)和化合物(B)组成,化合物(A)和化合物(B)的含量占所述协同性除草组合物的本发明还提供一种协同性除草组合物,活性组分由化合物(A)和化合物(B)组成,化合物(A)和化合物(B)的含量占所述协同性除草组合物的1%-90%,优选1%-80%,更优选1%-70%,更优选1%-60%,更优选1%-50%,更优选1%-40%,更优选1%-30%,更优选1%-25%;所述化合物(A)为由式(I)描述的化合物或其农用盐或酯;化合物(B)选自碘甲磺隆钠盐。
本发明还提供一种防治阔叶杂草的协同性除草组合物,活性组分由化合物(A)和化合物(B)组成,化合物(A)和化合物(B)的含量占所述协同性除草组合物的还可以是1%,3%,5%,7%,8%,9%,10%,11%,12%,13%,14%,15%,16%,17%,18%,19%,20%,21%,22%,23%,24%,25%,26%,27%,28%,29%,30%,31%,32%,33%,34%,35%,36%,37%,38%,39%,40%,41%,42%,43%,44%,45%,46%,47%,48%,49%,50%,55%,60%,65%,70%,75%,80%,85%,90%。
协同增效作用可使单个除草剂的施用率降低、在相同施用率下的效用更高,防治还未被防治的品种、防治对单一除草剂或多种除草剂耐受或具有抗性的品种、施用期延长和/或所需的单独施用次数减少;并且对于使用者而言,获得了在经济和生态上更加有利的杂草防治体系。
本发明的防治阔叶杂草的协同性除草组合物使得化合物(A)和(B)的活性以未预料到的方式协同增效,超出了使用单个活性组分化合物(A)和化合物(B)可达到的活性。
本发明的防治阔叶杂草的除草组合物还可包含一种或多种与化合物(A)和化合物(B)不同并且也用作选择性除草剂的其他活性化合物。
优选的,所述一种或多种与化合物(A)和化合物(B)不同并且也用作选择性除草剂的其他活性化合物包括乙草胺(acetochlor)、活化酯(acibenzolar)、苯并噻二唑(acibenzolar-S-methyl)、三氟羧草醚(acifluorfen)、苯草醚(aclonifen)、甲草胺(alachlor)、二丙烯草胺(allidochlor)、禾草灭(alloxydim)、莠灭净(ametryn)、氨唑草酮(amicarbazone)、酰嘧磺隆(amidosulfuron)、氯氨吡啶酸(aminopyralid)、杀草强(amitrole)、氨基磺酸铵(ammonium sulfamate)、嘧啶醇(ancymidol)、莎稗磷(anilofos)、磺草灵(asulam)、莠去津(atrazine)、唑啶草酮(azafenidin)、四唑嘧磺隆(azimsulfuron)、呋草黄(benfuresate)、苄嘧磺隆(bensulfuron)、灭草松(bentazone)、双苯嘧草酮(benzfendizone)、双环磺草酮(benzobicyclon)、吡草酮(benzofenap)、氟磺胺草(benzofluor)、氟吡草酮(bicyclopyrone)、双草醚(bispyribac-sodium)、丁草胺(butachlor)、氟丙嘧草酯(butafenacil)、仲丁灵(butralin)、唑草胺(cafenstrole)、双酰草胺(carbetamide)、唑草酯(carfentrazone)、氯嘧磺隆(chlorimuron,chlorimuron-ethyl)、矮壮素(chlormequat chloride)、绿麦隆(chlorotoluron)、氯磺隆(chlorsulfuron)、环庚草醚(cinmethylin)、醚磺隆(cinosulfuron)、烯草酮(clethodim)、异噁草松(clomazone)、氯甲酰草胺(clomeprop)、二氯吡啶酸(clopyralid)、氰草津(cyanazine)、环丙酸酰胺(cyclanilide)、环丙嘧磺隆(cyclosulfamuron)、噻草酮(cycloxydim)、环唑草胺(cyprazole)、杀草隆(daimuron/dymron)、麦草畏(dicamba)、禾草灵(diclofop-methyl)、精禾草灵(diclofop-P-methyl)、双氯磺草胺(diclosulam)、乙酰甲草胺(diethatyl,diethatyl-ethyl)、吡氟酰草胺(diflufenican)、氟吡草腙(diflufenzopyr,diflufenzopyr-sodium)、噁唑隆(dimefuron)、哌草丹(dimepiperate)、二甲草胺(dimethachlor)、异戊乙净(dimethametryn)、双苯酰草胺(diphenamid)、异丙净(dipropetryn)、敌草快(diquat)、敌草隆(diuron)、胺苯磺隆(ethametsulfuron、ethametsulfuron-methyl)、乙烯利(ethephon)、磺噻隆(ethidimuron)、乙氧嘧磺隆(ethoxysulfuron)、乙氧苯草胺(etobenzanid)、噁唑禾草灵(fenoxaprop)、精噁唑禾草灵(fenoxaprop-P)、噁唑禾草灵(fenoxaprop-ethyl)、四唑酰草胺(fentrazamide)、啶嘧磺隆(flazasulfuron)、双氟磺草胺(florasulam)、吡氟禾草灵(fluazifop)、精吡氟禾草灵(fluazifop-P)、吡氟禾草灵丁酯(fluazifop-butyl)、精吡氟禾草灵丁酯(fluazifop-P-butyl)、异丙吡草酯(fluazolate)、氟酮磺隆(flucarbazone,flucarbazone-sodium)、氟吡磺隆(flucetosulfuron)、氟噻草胺(flufenacet)、氟节胺(flumetralin)、唑嘧磺草胺(flumetsulam)、丙炔氟草胺(flumioxazin)、炔草胺(flumipropyn)、氟草隆(fluometuron)、三氟硝草醚(fluorodifen)、乙羧氟草醚(fluoroglycofen,fluoroglycofen-ethyl)、氟胺草唑(flupoxam)、氟啶嘧磺隆(flupyrsulfuron)、氟啶草酮(fluridone)、氟咯草酮(flurochloridone)、氯氟吡氧乙酸(fluroxypyr)、呋草酮(flurtamone)、噻唑草酰胺(fluthiamide)、氟磺胺草醚(fomesafen)、草铵磷(glufosinate,glufosinate-ammonium)、草铵磷-P(glufosinate-P,glufosinate-P-ammonium)、草铵磷-P-钠盐(glufosinate-P-sodium)、草甘膦(glyphosate)、草甘膦异丙铵盐(glyphosate-isopropylammonium)、氟硝磺酰胺(halosafen)、氯吡嘧磺隆(halosulfuron,halosulfuron-methyl)、氟吡禾灵(haloxyfop)、精氟吡禾灵(haloxyfop-P)、氟吡乙禾灵(haloxyfop-ethoxyethyl)、精氟吡乙禾灵(haloxyfop-P-ethoxyethyl)、氟吡甲禾灵(haloxyfop-methyl)、精氟吡甲禾灵(haloxyfop-P-methyl)、环嗪酮(hexazinone)、咪草酸(imazamethabenz,imazamethabenz-methyl)、甲氧咪草烟(imazamox,imazamox-ammonium)、甲咪唑烟酸(imazapic)、咪唑烟酸(imazapyr,imazapyr-isopropylammonium)、咪唑喹啉酸(imazaquin,imazaquin-ammonium)、咪唑乙烟酸(imazethapyr,imazethapyr-ammonium)、唑吡嘧磺隆(imazosulfuron)、抗倒胺(inabenfide)、茚草酮(indanofan)、碘甲磺隆(iodosulfuron,iodosulfuron-methyl-sodium)、碘苯腈(ioxynil)、异丙隆(isoproturon)、异噁酰草胺(isoxaben)、异噁氯草酮(isoxachlortole)、异噁唑草酮(isoxaflutole)、异噁草醚(isoxapyrifop)、乳氟禾草灵(lactofen)、环草定(lenacil)、苯噻酰草胺(mefenacet)、氯磺酰草胺(mefluidide)、甲哌啶(mepiquat-chloride)、甲磺胺磺隆(mesosulfuron,mesosulfuron-methyl)、甲基磺草酮(mesotrione)、甲基苯噻隆(methabenzthiazuron)、唑酰草胺(metamifop)、苯嗪草酮(metamitron)、吡唑草胺(metazachlor)、灭草唑(methazole)、甲硫嘧磺隆(methiopyrsulfuron)、苯草酮(methoxyphenone)、甲基杀草隆(methyldymron)、异丙甲草胺(metolachlor)、精异丙甲草胺(S-metolachlor)、磺草唑胺(metosulam)、甲氧隆(metoxuron)、嗪草酮(metribuzin)、甲磺隆(metsulfuron,metsulfuron-methyl)、禾草敌(molinate)、单嘧磺隆(monosulfuron)、单嘧磺隆酯(monosulfuron ester)、灭草隆(monuron)、敌草胺(napropamide)、烟嘧磺隆(nicosulfuron)、丙炔噁草酮(oxadiargyl)、噁草酮(oxadiazon)、环氧嘧磺隆(oxasulfuron)、噁嗪草酮(oxaziclomefone)、乙氧氟草醚(oxyfluorfen)、多效唑(paclobutrazol)、百草枯(paraquat,paraquat dichloride)、二甲戊灵(pendimethalin)、环戊噁草酮(pentoxazone)、烯草胺(pethoxamid)、氨氯吡啶酸(picloram)、氟吡酰草胺(picolinafen)、唑啉草酯(pinoxaden)、哌草磷(piperophos)、丙草胺(pretilachlor)、烯丙苯噻唑(probenazole)、氟唑草胺(profluazol)、环丙氟灵(prifluraline)、环苯草酮(profoxydim)、扑草净(prometryn)、敌稗(propanil)、扑灭津(propazine)、苯胺灵(propham)、异丙草胺(propisochlor)、炔苯酰草胺(propyzamide)、苄草丹(prosulfocarb)、氟磺隆(prosulfuron)、丙炔草胺(prynachlor)、双唑草腈(pyraclonil)、吡草醚(pyraflufen,pyraflufen-ethyl)、吡嘧磺隆(pyrazosulfuron、pyrazosulfuron-ethyl))、异丙酯草醚(pyribambenz-isopropyl)、丙酯草醚(pyribambenz-propyl)、嘧啶肟草醚(pyribenzoxim)、稗草丹(pyributicarb)、环酯草醚(pyriftalid)、嘧草醚(pyriminobac,pyriminobac-methyl)、吡丙醚(pyrimisulfan)、嘧硫草醚(pyrithiobac,pyrithiobac-sodium)、pyroxasulfone、甲氧磺草胺(pyroxsulam)、二氯喹啉酸(quinchlorac)、氯甲喹啉酸(quinmerac)、喹禾灵(quizalofop)、精喹禾灵(quizalofop-P)、精喹禾灵乙酯(quizalofop-P-ethyl)、砜嘧磺隆(rimsulfuron)、苯嘧磺草胺(saflufenacil)、仲丁通(secbumeton)、烯禾啶(sethoxydim)、环草隆(siduron)、磺草酮(sulcotrione)、甲磺草胺(sulfentrazone)、甲嘧磺隆(sulfometuron,sulfometuron-methyl)、噻苯隆(thidiazuron)、噻吩磺隆(thifensulfuron,thifensulfuron-methyl)、禾草丹(thiobencarb)、仲草丹(tiocarbazil)、醚苯磺隆(triasulfuron)、三嗪氟草胺(triaziflam)、苯磺隆(tribenuron,tribenuron-methyl)、三氯乙酸(TCA)、三氯吡氧乙酸(triclopyr)、灭草环(tridiphane)、三氟啶磺隆(trifloxysulfuron,trifloxysulfuron-sodium)、氟乐灵(trifluralin)、氟胺磺隆(triflusulfuron)、氟胺磺隆甲酯(triflusulfuron-methyl)、三甲隆(trimeturon)、抗倒酯(trinexapac,trinexapac-ethyl)、三氟甲磺隆(tritosulfuron)、tsitodef、烯效唑(uniconazole)、五氟磺草胺(enxosulam)、氰氟草酯(cyhalofop)、甲基二磺隆(mesosulfuron)。
尽管所述化合物(A)和化合物(B)已经在大量作物中显示出良好乃至足够的选择性,原则上,在一些作物中,特别是还与其他选择性较小的除草剂混合时,可能会出现对作物植物的植物毒性。所以包含根据本发明所述的协同性除草组合物以及一种或多种安全剂的组合物是特别有利的。所述安全剂以解毒有效量施用,例如在经济上重要的作物或在果实种植园(种植园作物)中减少所用除草剂的植物毒性副作用。
以下例如适用作安全剂的化合物(包括可能的立体异构体和农业上常用的酯或盐):所述除草剂安全剂选自1,8-萘二甲酸酐(1,8-Naphthalenedicarboxylicanhydride)、解草酮(Benoxacor)、解草唑(Fenchlorazole-ethyl)、呋喃解草唑(Furilazole)、解草烷(2-dichloromethyl-2-methyl-1,3-dioxolane)、解草胺腈(Cyometrinil)、解草腈(Oxabetrinil)、肟草安(Fluxofenim)、解草啶(Fenclorim)、解草安(Flurazole)或解草烯(Acetamide)、双苯噁唑酸(Isoxadifen)、吡唑解草酯(Mefenpyr-diethyl)、解草酯(Cloquintocet-mexyl)、二氯丙烯胺(Dichlormid)、吡咯二酸乙酯(Mefenpyr-ethyl)、杀草丹(Benthiocarb)、芸薹素内酯(Brassinolide)、杀草隆(Daimuron)、烯丙酰草胺(Dichlormid)、哌草丹(Dimepiperate) 、乙拌磷(Disulfoton)、氟草肟(Fluxofenim)、解草呋(Furilazole)、双苯噁唑酸乙酯(Isoxadifen-ethyl)、N-苯基-磺酰基苯甲酸酰胺中的至少一种。
已知一些安全剂用作除草剂,并相应地,除了对有害植物具有除草作用之外,还起到保护作物植物的作用。
本发明所述的防治阔叶杂草的协同性除草组合物与安全剂的重量比通常取决于除草剂的施用率和所述安全剂的效果,并可在宽范围内变化,例如在90000∶1-1∶5000、优选在7000∶1-1∶1600、特别在3000∶1-1∶500、特别是1:100-20:1的范围内。安全剂可与化合物A和化合物B以成品制剂配制或以与所述协同性除草组合物的桶混物的形式供给和使用。
本发明所述的防治阔叶杂草的协同性除草组合物还可包含其他组分的各种活性化合物,例如选自杀真菌剂、杀昆虫剂、杀螨剂、杀线虫剂、驱鸟剂、土壤结构改良剂、以及植物生长调节剂。
本发明所述的防治阔叶杂草的协同性除草组合物进一步还可包含液体肥料或固体肥料。
本发明的防治阔叶杂草的协同性除草组合物可以用于防治以下位置的不希望的植物:
粮食作物,例如包括:
禾谷类( 小粒谷物)如小麦(Triticum aestivum) 和小麦类作物如硬粒小麦(T.durum),一粒小麦(T.monococcum),二粒小麦(T.dicoccon) 和斯卑尔脱小麦(T.spelta),黑麦(Secale cereale),小黑麦(Tritiosecale),大麦(Hordeum vulgare) ;
玉米(Zea mays) ;
高粱(例如甜高粱(Sorghum bicolour)) ;
稻(稻属(Oryza)如水稻(Oryza sativa)和非洲水稻(Oryzaglaberrima);
甘蔗;
豆类(Legumes(豆科(Fabaceae))),例如包括大豆(Glycine max.),花生(Arachishypogaea)和豆类作物如豌豆(包括豌豆(Pisum sativum)、木豆和豇豆),菜豆(包括蚕豆(Vicia faba)、黑花豇豆属(Vigna)和黑色菜豆属(Phaseolus))以及扁豆(兵豆(lensculinaris var.)) ;
十字花科,例如包括卡诺拉(甘蓝型油菜(Brassica napus)),油菜(Brassicanapus),卷心菜(B.oleracea var.),芥菜如芥菜(B.juncea)、白菜(B.campestris)、塌棵菜(B.narinosa)、黑芥(B.nigra)和地中海野芫菁(B.tournefortii);以及芜菁(Brassicarapa var.);
其他阔叶作物,例如包括向日葵、棉花、亚麻、亚麻子、糖用甜菜、土豆和西红柿;
TNV作物(TNV:树、果仁和藤),例如包括葡萄,柑橘,仁果,例如苹果和梨,咖啡,开心果和油棕,核果,例如桃、杏仁、核桃、橄榄、樱桃、李和杏;
草皮、牧草和牧场;
洋葱和大蒜;
球茎观赏植物如郁金香和水仙;
针叶树和落叶树如松属(Pinus)、冷杉、橡树、枫树、山茱萸、山楂、海棠和鼠李属(Rhamnus)(鼠李);
花园观赏植物如矮牵牛、万寿菊、玫瑰和金鱼草;
道路周围如路、铁路、草地、公用管线;
工业植被。
本发明所述的协同性除草组合物优选用于防治以下有用作物中出现的不希望的植物:直接播种、水中播种移植的稻子、小麦、黑麦、大麦、燕麦、黑小麦、高粱、玉米、甘蔗、向日葵、油菜、低芥酸油菜、甜菜、大豆、棉花、菠萝、牧地、牧草地、休耕地、草皮、乔木或藤本果园、水生物、种植园作物、蔬菜、工业植被管理和道理周围。所述协同性除草组合物被所述有用作物耐受。
本发明提供一种协同性除草组合物防治不希望的植物发芽或生长的用途。
本发明提供一种协同性除草组合物在防除阔叶科杂草、莎草科杂草、禾本科杂草不希望的植物发芽或生长的用途。
稻子中不希望的植物选自:宽叶臂形草(broadleaf signalgrass),马唐(Digitaria sanguinalis (L.) Scop.),稗草(Echinochloa crus_galli(L.)P. Beauv.),水田稗( Echinochloa oryoides),田间鸭嘴草(Ischaemum rugosum Salisb.),千金子(Leptochloa chinensis(L.)Nees),丛生千金子 (Leptochloa fascicularis (Lam.)Gray),异型莎草(Cyperus difformis L.),油莎草(Cyperus esculentus L.),碎米莎草(Cyperus iria L.),香附子(Cyperus rotundus L.),荸养品种(Eleocharis species)(ELOSS),水虱草(Fimbristylis miliacea(L.) Vahl),萤蔺(Schoenoplectus juncoidesRoxb.),三棱草(Schoenoplectus maritimus L. Lye),合萌品种(Aeschynomenespecies),喜旱莲子草(Alternanthera philoxeroides (Mart. )Griseb.),泽泻水生车前草属(Alisma plantago-aquatica L.,苋品种(Amaranthus species),(藜(pigweeds)和苋属植物(amaranths),AMASS),红水苋 (Ammannia coccinea Rottb.),旱莲草(Ecliptaalba(L. )Hassk.)(體肠(American false daisy),ECLAL),沼生异蕊花(Heterantheralimosa(SW.)Willd./ Vahl),裂叶牵牛(Ipomoea hederacea(L.)Jacq.),雨久花(Monochoria korsakowii Regel&Maack) (monochoria,MOOKA),鸭舌草(Monochoriavaginalis),裸花水竹叶(Murdannia nudiflora(L.) Brenan),节节菜(Rotala indica(Willd.)Koehne)(Indian toothcup,ROTIN),慈姑品种(Sagittaria species)(arrowhead,SAGSS)。
油菜、低芥酸油菜、小麦、黑麦、大麦、燕麦、黑小麦、高粱、玉米、甘蔗、向日葵、甜菜、大豆、棉花、菠萝、蔬菜中不希望的植物选自大穗看麦娘(Alopecurus myosuroidesHuds.) (blackgrass, ALOMY),野燕麦(Avena fatua L),旱雀麦(Bromus tectorum L.)(丘原雀麦草(downy brome),BROTE),多花黑麦草(Lolium multiflorum Lam.)(意大利黑麦草(Italian ryegrass),LOLMU),小种金丝雀草(littleseed canarygrass),PHAMI),早熟禾(Poa annua L. ),金狗尾草(Setaria pumila(Poir. )Roemer&J. A. Schultes)(黄色狗尾草(yellow foxtail),SETLU),狗尾草(Setaria viridis(L. )Beauv.)(绿色狗尾草(green foxtail),SETVI),反枝苋(Amaranthus retroflexus L.)(红根苋(redrootpigweed),AMARE),芸苔属物种(Brassica species) (BRSSS),藜(Chenopodium album L.)(普通灰草(common lambsquarters),CHEAL),猪殃殃(Galium aparine L.),地肤(Kochiascoparia(L.) Schrad.),紫花野芝麻(Lamium purpureum L.)(紫色枯荨麻(purpledeadnettle),LAMPU),母菊 (Matricariarecutita L.),同花母菊(Matricariamatricarioides (Less.) Porter),虞美人(Papaver rhoeas L. ),野生荞麦(wildbuckwheat),刺沙蓬(Salsola tragus L. ),欧白芥属物种(Sinapis species) (SINSS),野欧白芥(Sinapis arvensis L.),繁缕(Stellaria media(L.)Vill.),阿拉伯婆婆纳(Veronica persica Poir.)(波斯婆婆纳(Persian speedwell),VERPE),野生堇菜(Violaarvensis Murr.),或三色堇(Viola tricolor L .)。
牧场和牧地中不希望的植物选自豚草(Ambrosia artemisiifolia L.),钝叶决明(Cassia obtusifolia),斑点矢车菊 (Centaurea maculosa auct. non Lam.),田旋花(Convolvulus arvensis L.) (field bindweed,CONAR),刺莴苣(Lactuca serriola L./Torn.),长叶车前 (Plantago lanceolata L.),钝叶酸模(Rumex obtusifolius L.),刺金午时花(Sida spinosa L.),野欧白芥(Sinapis arvensis L.),苣荬菜(Sonchus arvensisL.) (perennial sowthistle,SONAR),一枝黄花品种(Solidago species),药用蒲公英(Taraxacum officinale G.H. Weber ex Wiggers),白车轴草(Trifolium repens L.)(white clover, TRFRE),或异株荨麻(Urtica dioica L.)。
本发明所述的协同性除草组合物优选对野生堇菜(Viola arvensis )、野燕麦(Avenafatua L. )、反枝苋(Amaranthus retroflexus L.)、藜(Chenopodium album L.)、繁缕(Stellaria media (L.) Cyr.)、猪殃殃(Galium aparine L.)、阿拉伯婆婆纳(Veronica persica Poir.)的控制中以低于各化合物单独施用时的施用率展现出了协同增效作用。
“不希望的植物”应理解为意指生长在不想要其生长的地方的所有植物。这些可为,例如,有害植物(例如单子叶或双子叶杂草、禾本科杂草、莎草科植物或不想要的作物植物),包括例如对某些除草活性化合物(例如草甘膦、草铵磷、莠去津、咪唑啉酮类除草剂和磺酰脲类)具有抗性的那些植物。
本发明提供一种防治不希望的植物的方法,包括:(i)在不希望的植物发芽之前(芽前);(ii)在不希望的植物发芽之后(芽后),或(iii)在(i)和(ii)时,将除草有效量的本发明的协同性除草组合物施用于不希望的植物或其生长场所。
一种防治不希望的植物的方法,包括使不希望的植物或其生长场所与除草有效量的所述的协同性除草组合物接触。除草有效量指施用以防治不希望的植物的除草活性成分的量。
一种防治不希望的植物的方法,将本发明所述的协同性除草组合物施用于不希望的植物或其生长场所以防治不希望的植物的发芽或生长。
一种防治不希望的植物的方法,将本发明所述的协同性除草组合物施用至土壤或水中以防治不希望的植物的发芽或生长。
一种防治不希望的植物的方法,将本发明的协同性除草组合物中的化合物(A)和化合物(B)共同或单独地施用于不希望的植物或其生长场所以防治不希望的植物的发芽或生长。
一种防治不希望的植物的方法,将本发明的协同性除草组合物中的化合物(A)和化合物(B)共同或单独地施用于土壤或水中以防治不希望的植物的发芽或生长。
一种防治不希望的植物生长的方法,包括:(i)在不希望的植物发芽之前(芽前);(ii)在不希望的植物发芽之后(芽后),或(iii)在(i)和(ii)时,将除草有效量的本发明的协同性除草组合物施用于不希望的植物或其生长场所。优选在不希望的植物发芽前也对已发芽的不希望的植物(例如阔叶杂草、禾本科杂草、莎草科植物或不希望的作物植物)进行施用,而与播种/种植的作物的生长期无关。
本发明的防治阔叶杂草的协同性除草组合物包含除草有效量的化合物(A)和化合物(B)具有协同增效作用。当共同或几乎同时施用化合物(A)和化合物(B)时可观察到协同作用;当在不同的时间分别施用化合物(A)和化合物(B)时,也可观察到协同作用;也可以相继施用化合物(A)和化合物(B),例如先芽前施用然后芽后施用,或者先早期芽后施用,然后中期或后期芽后施用。在此优选共同或几乎同时施用化合物(A)和化合物(B),并且特别优选共同施用。
如果在发芽之前将本发明的协同除草组合物施用于土壤表面,则完全防止杂草幼苗发芽,或者杂草生长至子叶期,但是然后其就停止生长,并最终在两周至四周之后完全死亡。
如果在发芽后将所述协同性除草组合物施用于植物的绿色部位,生长同样会在处理后的相当短时间内就急剧停止,且该杂草植物保持在施用时间点时的生长期,或者其在一定时间之后完全死亡,以这种方式较早并持续地消除由有害于作物植物的杂草产生的竞争。对于水稻,也可将所述协同性除草组合物施用在水中,然后其通过土壤、芽和根部被吸收。
当化合物(A)和化合物(B)共同施用时,存在协同增效作用。在此,所述协同性除草组合物的活性高于施用的各除草剂活性的预期总和。协同增效作用使施用率可降低,防治更宽谱的阔叶杂草、禾本科杂草和莎草科植物,除草作用起效更快、持续时间更长、通过仅一次或几次施用就对有害植物有更好的防治以及可拓宽施用期。所述协同性除草组合物中使用的剂量以及化合物(A)和化合物(B)的有效剂量都可调节至较低的水平,以使其对土壤的作用降低至最小程度。这使得本发明的协同性除草组合物不仅可以施用于敏感作物,还几乎避免了地下水污染。本发明协同性除草组合物使得活性组分所需施用率显著地降低。
本发明的防治阔叶杂草的协同性除草组合物可以通过使用本领域技术人员熟知的技术以常规方式施用。施用方法包括但不限于,施用至不希望的植物或其生长场所,例如施用至植物临近的区域,以及出苗前、出苗后、叶面(散播、定向、带状、定点、机械、跃顶式或复育),以及通过手、背包、机械、拖拉机、或空中(飞机、直升机、无人机)施用方法,在水中施用(散播、定点、机械式、水注式、粒状散播、粒状定点、摇瓶或喷瓶)。
一种防治不希望的植物的方法,包括将本发明所述的防治阔叶杂草的协同性除草组合物加入到灌溉水中,通过使用地面或空中喷粉机、喷雾器、撒粒机施用到不希望的植物或其生长场所。
施用类型以众所周知的方式取决于意欲的目的;在任何情况下该技术应确保本发明所述的协同性除草组合物中的活性组分的最佳可能的被分布。
本发明还提供一种防治不希望的植物生长的方法,包括将本发明的除草组合物在有用作物的植株、有用作物的种子或有用作物的其它繁殖部分存在下施用。
本发明中提到的植物、作物包括但不限于,发芽的种子、新出现的幼苗、从营养繁殖体发芽的植物、不成熟的植物以及长成的植物。
若活性组分不能被某些农作物良好耐受,则可以借助喷雾设备定向喷雾除草组合物以使它们在达到生长在下面的不希望植物的叶子或裸露的土壤时尽可能少地接触敏感农作物。
本发明方法最优选用于不希望的植物或其生长场所防治作物生长区或将用于种植作物的区域内的杂草。当用于作物生长区时,施用量应足以控制杂草生长但又不会对作物产生严重的永久性的伤害。
化合物(A)的施用率可在宽范围内变化,例如在0.1g至100g A.I./ha(下文中,A.I./ha表示“活性物质/公顷”=基于100%纯度的活性化合物计),优选0.1-50g A.I./ha,更加优选1-25g A.I./ha,更优选1-10 g A.I./ha。以0.1 g至100 g A.I./ha的施用率施用时,当在播种前、种植前或芽前和芽后中使用化合物(A)时,其具有相对较宽的待防治的有害植物谱,例如一年生和多年生单子叶或双子叶阔叶科杂草、禾本科杂草和莎草科植物,以及不希望的作物植物。
化合物(B)的施用率可在宽范围内变化,例如1g至100g A.I./ha,优选1g至50gA.I./ha,更加优选10g至25g A.I./ha。其对一年生或多年生阔叶科杂草有较好的防效。
本发明还提供一种防治阔叶杂草的协同性除草组合物,活性组分由化合物(A)和化合物(B)组成、填充剂和/或表面活性剂。所述协同性除草组合物中,化合物(A)和化合物(B)的含量占所述协同性除草组合物的1%-90%,优选1%-80%,更优选1%-70%,更优选1%-60%,更优选1%-50%,更优选1%-40%,更优选1%-30%,更优选1%-25%;所述化合物(A)为由式(I)描述的化合物或其农用盐或酯;化合物(B)选自碘甲磺隆钠盐。
本发明的防治阔叶杂草的协同性除草组合物可转化为常规制剂,例如可湿性粉剂、水溶性粒剂、水溶性液剂、乳油、悬浮剂、微囊剂、微乳剂、水乳剂、悬浮乳剂、微囊悬浮-悬浮剂、水分散粒剂、超低容量液剂、片剂、低容量分散粒剂、丸剂或干悬浮剂。
根据本发明,术语“填充剂”指可与活性组分相组合或联合以使其更易于施用给对象(例如植物、作物或草类)的天然或合成的有机或无机化合物。因此,所述填充剂优选为惰性的,至少应为农业可接受的。所述填充剂可以为固体或液体。
适用的固体载体为:例如植物质粉末类(例如大豆粉、淀粉、谷物粉、木粉、树皮粉、锯末、核桃壳粉、麸皮、纤维素粉末、椰壳、玉米穗轴和烟草茎的颗粒,提取植物精华后的残渣等)、黏土类(例如高岭土、皂土、酸性瓷土等)、滑石粉类。硅石类(例如硅藻土、硅砂、云母、含水硅酸,硅酸钙)、活性炭、天然矿物质类(浮石、绿坡缕石及沸石等)、烧制硅藻土、砂、塑料媒介等(例如聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚偏二氯乙烯等)、氯化钾、碳酸钙、磷酸钙等的无机矿物性粉末、硫酸铵、磷酸铵、尿素、氯化铵等的化学肥料、土肥,这些物质可以单独使用或者2种以上混用。
适用的液体载体可以在下列材料中选择,例如水,酒精类(例如甲醇、乙醇、异丙醇、丁醇、乙二醇等)、酮类(例如丙酮、甲基乙基酮、二异丁基甲酮、环己酮等)、醚类(例如乙醚、二噁烷、甲基纤维素、四氢呋喃等)、脂肪族碳氢化合物类(例如煤油、矿物油等)、芳香族碳氢化合物类(例如苯、甲苯、二甲苯、溶剂油、烷基萘、氯代芳烃、氯代脂肪烃、氯苯等)、卤化碳氢化合物类、酰胺类、砜类、二甲基亚砜、矿物和植物油、动物油等。
适用的表面活性剂有具有离子或非离子性质的乳化剂、分散剂或润湿剂,或这些表面活性剂的混合物。这些表面活性剂的适合的有脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚、聚氧乙烯烷基芳基醚、聚氧乙烯高级脂肪酸酯、聚氧乙烯醇或酚的磷酸酯、多元醇的脂肪酸酯、烷芳基磺酸钠、萘磺酸聚合物、木质素磺酸盐、高分子梳形的枝状共聚物、丁基萘磺酸盐、烷基芳基磺酸盐、烷基磺基琥珀酸钠、油脂、脂肪醇与环氧乙烷缩合物、烷基牛磺酸盐等聚丙烯酸盐、蛋白质水解物。合适的低聚糖物或聚合物,例如基于单独的乙烯单体、丙烯酸、聚氧乙烯或聚氧丙烯或者其与例如(多元)醇或(多元)胺的结合。当活性化合物中的一种和/或惰性载体中的一种不溶于水且当在水中施用时,必须存在表面活性剂。
如果合适,本发明的防治阔叶杂草的协同性除草组合物也可以存在其他添加组分,例如保护胶体、粘合剂、胶粘剂、增稠剂、触变剂、渗透剂、稳定剂、掩蔽剂、多价螯合剂、络合物形成剂。通常,所述的活性组分可以与常规用于制剂目的的任何固体或液体添加剂结合。
本发明的所述防治阔叶杂草的协同性除草组合物可通过已知方式将所述活性组分与以下物质中的至少一种进行混合:液体载体或固体载体、乳化剂、分散剂、润湿剂和/或保护胶体、粘合剂、胶粘剂、增稠剂、触变剂、渗透剂、稳定剂、掩蔽剂、多价螯合剂、络合物形成剂、水以及其它加工助剂。
本发明的防治阔叶杂草的协同性除草组合物具有更易使用的形式,因为所述组分的量已经为最佳比例。此外,制剂中的助剂可彼此调节而优化。
制剂实施例
经测试的化合物A的形式包括:
化合物A 酸
化合物A甲酯
化合物A 钾盐
实施例1:10%化合物A 甲酯+5%碘甲磺隆钠盐油悬浮剂
化合物A 甲酯 10%
碘甲磺隆钠盐 5%
萘磺酸甲醛缩合物钠盐 10%
山梨聚糖脂肪酸酯 5%
膨润土 1%
丙三醇 5%
玉米油 补足至100%
将活性组分、分散剂、润湿剂和玉米油等各组分按照配方的比例混合均匀,经研磨和/或高速剪切后得到10%化合物A 甲酯+5%碘甲磺隆钠盐油悬浮剂。
实施例2 10%化合物A 甲酯+20%碘甲磺隆钠盐可湿性粉剂
化合物A 甲酯 10%
碘甲磺隆钠盐 20%
丁基萘磺酸钠 6%
聚氧乙烯月桂基醚羧酸钠 6%
高岭土 补足至100%
将活性组分、各种助剂及填料等按配方的比例成分混合,经超细粉碎机粉碎后,即得到10%化合物A 甲酯+20%碘甲磺隆钠盐可湿性粉剂。
实施例3 5%化合物A 甲酯+5%碘甲磺隆钠盐可湿性粉剂
化合物A 甲酯 5%
碘甲磺隆钠盐 5%
甘油脂肪酸聚氧乙烯醚 6%
木质素磺酸钠 5%
白炭黑 补足至100%
将活性组分、各种助剂及填料等按配方的比例成分混合,经超细粉碎机粉碎后,即得到5%化合物A甲酯+5%碘甲磺隆钠盐可湿性粉剂。
实施例4 10%化合物A钾盐+10%碘甲磺隆钠盐水分散粒剂
化合物A钾盐 10%
碘甲磺隆钠盐 10%
对甲氧基脂肪酰胺基苯磺酸盐 10%
十二烷基硫酸钠 10%
硫酸铵 5%
高岭土 补足至100%
将活性组分、分散剂、润湿剂、崩解剂和填料按配方的比例混合均匀,经过气流粉碎成可湿性粉剂,再加入一定量的水混合挤压造料。经干燥筛分后得到10%化合物A钾盐+10%碘甲磺隆钠盐水分散粒剂。
实施例5 2.5%化合物A 甲酯+7.5%碘甲磺隆钠盐油悬浮剂
化合物A 甲酯 2.5%
碘甲磺隆钠盐 7.5%
甲基萘磺酸钠甲醛缩合物 5%
乙氧基化蓖麻油 3%
膨润土 1%
玉米油 补足至100%
将氟氯吡啶酯、碘甲磺隆钠盐、甲基萘磺酸钠甲醛缩合物、玉米油经研磨和/或高速剪切后得到2.5%氟氯吡啶酯+7.5%碘甲磺隆钠盐油悬浮剂。
实施例6 25%化合物A 酸+25%碘甲磺隆钠盐可湿性粉剂
化合物A 酸 25%
碘甲磺隆钠盐 25%
十二烷基硫酸钠 2%
亚甲基二萘磺酸钠 3%
白炭黑 10%
高岭土 补足至100%
将上述组分按比例混合,并研磨、粉碎,制备成可湿性粉剂。
实施例7 50%化合物A 钾盐+10%碘甲磺隆钠盐水分散粒剂
化合物A 钾盐 50%
碘甲磺隆钠盐 10%
改性木质素磺酸钙 5%
十二烷基硫酸钠 3%
氯化钠 1%
高岭土 补足至100%
将化合物A钾盐、碘甲磺隆钠盐活性组分、分散剂、润湿剂、崩解剂和填料按配方的比例混合均匀,经过气流粉碎成可湿性粉剂;再加入一定量的水混合挤压造料。经干燥筛分后得到50%化合物A钾盐+10%碘甲磺隆钠盐水分散粒剂。
实施例8 1%化合物A 酸+ 50%碘甲磺隆钠盐可湿性粉剂
化合物A 酸 1%
碘甲磺隆钠盐 50%
辛基酚聚氧乙烯基醚硫酸盐 5%
月桂基硫酸钠 4%
高度分散的硅酸 1%
碳酸钠 10%
高岭土 补足至100%
将上述组分按比例混合,并研磨、粉碎,制备成可湿性粉剂。
实施例9 20%化合物A 钾盐+ 2%碘甲磺隆钠盐包衣颗粒剂
化合物A 钾盐 20%
碘甲磺隆钠盐 2%
聚乙二醇 3%
高度分散的硅酸 1%
碳酸钙 补足至100%
在混合器中,将磨细的活性组分均匀涂布到被聚乙二醇润湿的载体上。以此方式可获得无尘包衣颗粒剂。
实施例10 2%化合物A 酸+20%碘甲磺隆钠盐可湿性粉剂
化合物A 酸 2%
碘甲磺隆钠盐 20%
十二烷基硫酸钠 1%
木质素磺酸钠 1%
凹凸棒土 补足至100%
将上述组分按比例混合,并研磨、粉碎,制备成可湿性粉剂。
实施例11 2%化合物A甲酯+2%碘甲磺隆钠盐挤出颗粒剂
化合物A甲酯 2%
碘甲磺隆钠盐 2%
木质素磺酸钠 4%
羧甲基纤维素 2%
高岭土 补足至100%
将活性组分与助剂混合并研磨,混合物用水润湿。将该混合物挤出,然后在空气流中干燥。
以上实施例配比为重量百分配比。
生物实施例
芽后试验
采用盆栽茎叶处理法(NY/T 1155.4-2006):在高6cm、直径9cm的塑料钵内装定量土,将所需测试植物品种的种子15~20粒播种在塑料钵内,盖0.5~1cm厚的细土后放在温室内培养,待杂草长至1~2叶期进行茎叶喷雾处理,每钵喷药液1mL,每处理重复4次,并设不含药剂的处理为对照。处理后置于温室内培养,定期观察靶标杂草的生长情况,21d后目测靶标受害症状及生长抑制情况,并称地上部分鲜重或株鲜重,以靶标鲜重抑制率评价药剂对靶标杂草的防效。
按照一定重量百分比配制三种试剂:1、化合物A 酸;2、化合物A甲酯;3 化合物A钾盐;4、碘甲磺隆钠盐;5、化合物A 酸+碘甲磺隆钠盐;6、化合物A甲酯+碘甲磺隆钠盐;7、化合物A 钾盐+碘甲磺隆钠盐。之后将上述各试剂用水稀释,获得药剂稀释液。
调查方法:
试验处理21d后目测靶标受害症状及生长抑制情况,并称地上部分鲜重,计算鲜重抑制率(%)。
对两种或多种除草活性成分的混施中显示的增效作用的评价是基于在“CalculationSynergistic and Antagonistic Response of Herbicide Combinations”(Weeds 15/1(1967),S.R.Colby)中描述的Colby’s方法确定的。
式中,X为化合物A以某剂量单用时对靶标杂草的鲜重防效;
Y为碘甲磺隆钠盐以某剂量单用时对靶标杂草的鲜重防效;
E0为化合物A与碘甲磺隆钠盐二种药剂混用时对靶标杂草鲜重防效的理论值;
E为化合物A与碘甲磺隆钠盐二种药剂混用时对靶标杂草鲜重防效的实测值。
如果在生物试验中观察到的实际的杂草防治率(E)超过使用Colby’s方法计算得到的预期值(E0),则表示除草组合物的效力大于各成分效力的总和,这意味着组合物具有协同增效作用。
测试的植物品种如下:
水稻(Oryza sativa);
普通小麦(Triticum aestivum(spring));
猪殃殃(Galium aparine L.);
阿拉伯婆婆纳(Veronica persica Poir.)
试验一:对阿拉伯婆婆纳(Veronica persica Poir.)的防效
表1化合物A 甲酯+碘甲磺隆钠盐对阿拉伯婆婆纳(Veronica persica Poir.)的防效:
表2 化合物A钾盐+碘甲磺隆钠盐对阿拉伯婆婆纳(Veronica persica Poir.)的防效:
表1、表2的试验结果显示:化合物A的甲酯或钾盐和碘甲磺隆钠盐在15:1-1:15的范围内,对阿拉伯婆婆纳(Veronica persica Poir.)的防效显示明显的协同增效作用。
试验二:对猪殃殃(Galium aparine L.)的防效
表3 化合物A 甲酯+碘甲磺隆钠盐对猪殃殃(Galium aparine L.)的防效:
表4 化合物A钾盐+碘甲磺隆钠盐对猪殃殃(Galium aparine L.)的防效:
表3和表4的试验结果显示:化合物A的甲酯或钾盐在15:1-1:15的范围内,对猪殃殃(Galium aparine L.)的防效显示明显的协同增效作用。
另外,通过对普通小麦(Triticum aestivum(spring))和水稻(Oryza sativa)的安全性观察,本发明化合物A和碘甲磺隆钠盐的组合被小麦和水稻耐受,未产生不可接受的毒性。
Claims (16)
2.根据权利要求1所述的用途,其特征在于,所述化合物(A)与化合物(B)的重量比为5:1-1:5。
3.根据权利要求1所述的用途,其特征在于,化合物(A)和化合物(B)的含量占所述协同性除草组合物的1%-40%。
4.根据权利要求1所述的用途,其特征在于,化合物(A)和化合物(B)的含量占所述协同性除草组合物的1%-30%。
5.根据权利要求1所述的用途,其特征在于,化合物(A)和化合物(B)的含量占所述协同性除草组合物的1%-25%。
6.根据权利要求1所述的用途,其特征在于,所述除草组合物还包括填充剂和/或表面活性剂。
7.根据权利要求1所述的用途,其特征在于,所述除草组合物,其剂型为可湿性粉剂、水溶性粒剂、水溶性液剂、乳油、悬浮剂、微囊剂、微乳剂、水乳剂、悬浮乳剂、微囊悬浮-悬浮剂、水分散粒剂、超低容量液剂、片剂、低容量分散粒剂、丸剂或干悬浮剂。
8.根据权利要求1所述的用途,其特征在于,所述的协同性除草组合物在防治稻子、小麦、大麦、黑麦、油菜、低芥酸油菜、甜菜、玉米、草皮、棉花、蔬菜、甘蔗、大豆中不希望的植物发芽或生长的用途。
9.根据权利要求1所述的用途,其特征在于,包括将权利要求1所述的协同性除草组合物施用于不希望的植物或其生长场所以防治不希望的植物的发芽或生长。
10.根据权利要求1所述的用途,其特征在于,包括:(i)在不希望的植物发芽之前(芽前);(ii)在不希望的植物发芽之后(芽后),或(iii)在(i)和(ii)时,将权利要求1所述的协同性除草组合物施用于不希望的植物或其生长场所以防治不希望的植物的发芽或生长。
11.根据权利要求1所述的用途,其特征在于,包括使不希望的植物或其生长场所与权利要求1所述的协同性除草组合物接触。
12.根据权利要求1所述的用途,其特征在于,包括将权利要求1所述的协同性除草组合物施用至土壤或水中以防治不希望的植物的发芽或生长。
13.根据权利要求1所述的用途,其特征在于,包括将权利要求1所述的协同性除草组合物中的化合物(A)和化合物(B)共同或单独地施用于不希望的植物或其生长场所以防治不希望的植物的发芽或生长。
14.根据权利要求1所述的用途,其特征在于,包括将权利要求1所述的协同性除草组合物中的化合物(A)和化合物(B)共同或单独地施用于土壤或水中以防治不希望的植物的发芽或生长。
15.根据权利要求1所述的用途,其特征在于,包括将权利要求1所述的协同性除草组合物在有用作物的植株、有用作物的种子或有用作物的其它繁殖部分存在下施用。
16.根据权利要求1所述的用途,其特征在于,包括将权利要求1所述的协同性除草组合物加入到灌溉水中,通过使用地面或空中喷粉机、喷雾器、撒粒机施用到不希望的植物或其生长场所。
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