CN114027312A - 一种用于防治禾本科杂草的除草组合物 - Google Patents
一种用于防治禾本科杂草的除草组合物 Download PDFInfo
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- CN114027312A CN114027312A CN202111639791.9A CN202111639791A CN114027312A CN 114027312 A CN114027312 A CN 114027312A CN 202111639791 A CN202111639791 A CN 202111639791A CN 114027312 A CN114027312 A CN 114027312A
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N43/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
- A01N43/48—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with two nitrogen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种防治禾本科杂草的除草组合物,活性组分由化合物(A)和化合物(B)组成,其中化合物(A)为嗪吡嘧磺隆或其盐;化合物(B)为嘧啶肟草醚;所述化合物(A)与化合物(B)的重量比为6:1‑50:1。特别是本发明还涉及所述除草组合物在防治稻子、小麦、大麦、黑麦、油菜、低芥酸油菜、甜菜、玉米、草皮、棉花、蔬菜、甘蔗、大豆中狗尾草、燕麦、千金子、黑草等禾本科不希望的植物发芽或生长中表现出优异的效果。
Description
本申请是申请号为201611223477.1,申请日为2016年12月27日,发明名称为“一种除草组合物及其应用”的分案申请。
技术领域
本发明涉及农业领域,具体涉及一种用于防治禾本科杂草的除草组合物;还涉及所述的除草组合物防治禾本科不希望的植物发芽或生长的用途。
背景技术
世界粮食生产每年因病、虫、草害损失巨大,作物的整个生长季节几乎都会受到各种杂草的侵害,杂草危害也是制约农作物产量的关键因素。因此,农业杂草的防治一直是农业生产中最为关心和重要的问题。
化学除草剂的使用是现代化农业的重要标志之一,近年来,除草剂的销量逐年增加,施用面积也逐年扩大。但是,随着众多除草剂品种的大面积持续使用,产生许多的问题,例如杂草抗性问题开始凸现,尤其大龄杂草的抗性问题尤为突出;另外,除草剂单剂作用方式单一、持效期短等等。因此,目前存在除草范围广、选择性强且对杂草抗性压力较小的长效除草剂及其组合的迫切需求。
发明内容
本发明目的是提供一种用于防治禾本科杂草的除草组合物,以特别有利的方式获得技术人员所需的对杂草控制的“协同增效”作用,甚至包括难以控制的某些杂草种类。而且,施用本发明组合物可以显著降低组合中单个组分的施用量,降低了对作物的植物毒性。
“协同增效”作用是指在一些情况下,已显示除草性活性成分组合施用时比单独施用时更有效。“协同增效”作用指两种或多种因素相互作用,使得当组合时的效果比基于分别施用各因素的响应所预期的效果好。
一种用于防治禾本科杂草的除草组合物,活性组分由化合物(A)和化合物(B)组成;其中化合物(A)为嗪吡嘧磺隆或其盐;化合物(B)为嘧啶肟草醚。
所述化合物(A)与化合物(B)的重量比为6:1-50:1,优选6:1-45:1,更优选6:1-:40:1,更优选8:1-35:1,更优选8:1-30:1,更优选10:1-25:1,更优选10:1-20:1。
所述化合物(A)与化合物(B)的重量范围还可以是6:1-50:1,优选6:1-45:1,更优选6:1-:40:1,更优选8:1-35:1,更优选8:1-30:1,更优选8:1-25:1,更优先8:1-20:1,更优先9:1-20:1,更优选10:1-20:1,更优选10:1-15:1。
所述化合物(A)与化合物(B)的重量范围还可以是6:1,7:1,8:1,9:1,10:1,11:1,12:1,13:1,14:1,15:1,16:1,17:1,18:1,19:1,20:1,21:1,22:1,23:1,24:1,25:1,26:1,27:1,28:1,29:1,30:1,31:1,32:1,33:1,34:1,35:1,36:1,37:1,38:1,39:1,40:1,41:1,42:1,43:1,44:1,45:1,46:1,47:1,48:1,49:1,50:1。
本发明还提供一种用于防治禾本科杂草的除草组合物,活性组分由化合物(A)和化合物(B)组成,化合物(A)和化合物(B)的含量占所述除草组合物的1%-90%,优选5%-80%,更优选5%-70%,更优选5%-60%,更优选5%-50%;所述化合物(A)为嗪吡嘧磺隆或其盐;化合物(B)选自嘧啶肟草醚。
本发明还提供一种用于防治禾本科杂草的除草组合物,活性组分由化合物(A)和化合物(B)组成,化合物(A)和化合物(B)的含量占所述除草组合物的还可以是1%,3%,5%,7%,8%,9%,10%,11%,12%,13%,14%,15%,16%,17%,18%,19%,20%,21%,22%,23%,24%,25%,26%,27%,28%,29%,30%,31%,32%,33%,34%,35%,36%,37%,38%,39%,40%,41%,42%,43%,44%,45%,46%,47%,48%,49%,50%,55%,60%,65%,70%,75%,80%,85%,90%。
本发明还提供一种用于防治禾本科杂草的除草组合物,活性组分由化合物(A)和化合物(B)组成,还包括填充剂和/或表面活性剂。
所述除草组合物,其剂型为可湿性粉剂、水溶性粒剂、水溶性液剂、乳油、悬浮剂、微囊剂、微乳剂、水乳剂、悬浮乳剂、微囊悬浮-悬浮剂、水分散粒剂、超低容量液剂、片剂、低容量分散粒剂、丸剂或干悬浮剂、颗粒剂。
本发明所述除草组合物如果需要还含有除草剂安全剂。
所述除草剂安全剂选自1,8-萘二甲酸酐(1,8-Naphthalenedicarboxylicanhydride)、解草酮(Benoxacor)、解毒喹(Cloquintocet-mexyl)、解草唑(Fenchlorazole-ethyl)、呋喃解草唑(Furilazole)、解草烷(2-dichloromethyl-2-methyl-1,3-dioxolane)、解草胺腈(Cyometrinil)、解草腈(Oxabetrinil)、肟草安(Fluxofenim)、解草啶(Fenclorim)、解草安(Flurazole)或解草烯(Acetamide)、双苯噁唑酸(Isoxadifen)、吡唑解草酯(Mefenpyr-diethyl)、解草酯(Cloquintocet-mexyl)、二氯丙烯胺(Dichlormid)、吡咯二酸乙酯(Mefenpyr-ethyl)、杀草丹(Benthiocarb)、芸薹素内酯(Brassinolide)、杀草隆(Daimuron)、烯丙酰草胺(Dichlormid)、哌草丹(Dimepiperate) 、乙拌磷(Disulfoton)、氟草肟(Fluxofenim)、解草呋(Furilazole)、双苯噁唑酸乙酯(Isoxadifen-ethyl)、N-苯基-磺酰基苯甲酸酰胺中的至少一种。
本发明所述的用于防治禾本科杂草的除草组合物还可包含其他组分的各种活性化合物,例如选自杀真菌剂、杀昆虫剂、杀螨剂、杀线虫剂、驱鸟剂、土壤结构改良剂、植物营养素(肥料)、以及结构不同于化合物(A)和化合物(B)的除草剂、以及植物生长调节剂。
本发明所述的用于防治禾本科杂草的除草组合物进一步还可包含液体肥料或固体肥料。
本发明所述的用于防治禾本科杂草的除草组合物对稗草(Echinochloa crus_galli(L.)P. Beauv.)、狗尾草(Setaria viridis(L. )Beauv.)、马唐(Digitariasanguinalis (L.) Scop.)、千金子(Leptochloa chinensis)、野燕麦(Avena fatua L. )、燕麦(Avena sativa L.)、黑草(Buchnera cruciata Hamilt.)的控制中以低于各化合物单独施用时的施用率展现出了协同增效作用。
本发明所述的除草组合物优选对千金子(Leptochloa chinensis)、马唐(Digitaria sanguinalis (L.) Scop.)、狗尾草(Setaria viridis(L. )Beauv.)、燕麦(Avena sativa L.)、黑草(Buchnera cruciata Hamilt.)的控制中以低于各化合物单独施用时的施用率展现出了协同增效作用
所述除草组合物可用于防治以下位置的不希望的植物:直接播种、水中播种和移植的稻子、谷类、小麦、大麦、黑麦、高粱、玉米、甘蔗、向日葵、油菜、低芥酸油菜、甜菜、大豆、棉花、菠萝、牧地、牧草地、休耕地、草皮、乔木或藤本果园、水生物、种植园作物、蔬菜、工业植被管理或道路周围。
本发明的除草组合物特别是可用于防治直接播种、水中播种和移植的稻子、小麦、大麦、黑麦、油菜、低芥酸油菜、甜菜、玉米、草皮、棉花、蔬菜、甘蔗、大豆作物中禾本植物、莎草植物、阔叶植物不希望的植物的发芽或生长的用途。
本发明的除草组合物用于在有用作物中防治不希望的植物发芽或生长的用途,所述除草组合物被所述有用作物耐受。
一种防治不希望的植物的方法,包括:(i)在不希望的植物发芽之前(芽前);(ii)在不希望的植物发芽之后(芽后),或(iii)在(i)和(ii)时,将除草有效量的本发明的除草组合物施用于不希望的植物或其生长场所。
一种防治不希望的植物的方法,包括使不希望的植物或其生长场所与除草有效量的所述的除草组合物接触。除草有效量指施用以防治不希望的植物的除草活性成分的量。
一种防治不希望的植物的方法,将本发明所述的除草组合物施用于不希望的植物或其生长场所以防治不希望的植物的发芽或生长。
一种防治不希望的植物的方法,将本发明所述的除草组合物施用至土壤或水中以防治不希望的植物的发芽或生长。
一种防治不希望的植物的方法,将本发明所述的除草组合物中的化合物(A)和化合物(B)共同或单独地施用于不希望的植物或其生长场所以防治不希望的植物的发芽或生长。
一种防治不希望的植物的方法,将本发明的除草组合物中的化合物(A)和化合物(B)共同或单独地施用于土壤或水中以防治不希望的植物的发芽或生长。
一种防治不希望的植物的方法,包括将本发明的协同除草组合物在有用作物的植株、有用作物的种子或有用作物的其它繁殖部分存在下施用。
一种防治不希望的植物的方法,包括将本发明所述的除草组合物加入到灌溉水中,通过使用地面或空中喷粉机、喷雾器、撒粒机施用到不希望的植物或其生长场所。
发明详述:
本发明的目的是提供一种用于防治禾本科杂草的除草组合物,活性组分由化合物(A)和化合物(B)组成;其中化合物(A)为嗪吡嘧磺隆或其盐;化合物(B)为嘧啶肟草醚。
嗪吡嘧磺隆(Metazosulfuron,CAS NO. 868680-84-6)是日产化学株式会社开发的磺酰脲类除草剂,是在除草剂氯吡嘧磺隆结构基础上进一步优化得到的新型除草剂。嗪吡嘧磺隆已经描述于WO2005103044中。嗪吡嘧磺隆是一种对杂草具有优异的除草效果的同时,且对水稻、小麦不显示出药害的良好的选择性除草剂。
嘧啶肟草醚(嘧啶肟草醚);嘧啶肟草醚是由韩国LG 公司开发的嘧啶醚类除草剂。嘧啶肟草醚已经描述于EP0658549; 嘧啶肟草醚可防除众多的禾本科杂草和阔叶科杂草。所述化合物(A)与化合物(B)的重量比为所述化合物(A)与化合物(B)的重量比为6:1-50:1,优选6:1-45:1,更优选6:1-:40:1,更优选8:1-35:1,更优选8:1-30:1,更优选10:1-25:1,更优选10:1-20:1。
所述化合物(A)与化合物(B)的重量范围还可以是6:1-50:1,优选6:1-45:1,更优选6:1-:40:1,更优选8:1-35:1,更优选8:1-30:1,更优选8:1-25:1,更优先8:1-20:1,更优先9:1-20:1,更优选10:1-20:1,更优选10:1-15:1。
所述化合物(A)与化合物(B)的重量范围还可以是6:1,7:1,8:1,9:1,10:1,11:1,12:1,13:1,14:1,15:1,16:1,17:1,18:1,19:1,20:1,21:1,22:1,23:1,24:1,25:1,26:1,27:1,28:1,29:1,30:1,31:1,32:1,33:1,34:1,35:1,36:1,37:1,38:1,39:1,40:1,41:1,42:1,43:1,44:1,45:1,46:1,47:1,48:1,49:1,50:1。
本发明还提供一种用于防治禾本科杂草的除草组合物,活性组分由化合物(A)和化合物(B)组成,化合物(A)和化合物(B)的含量占所述除草组合物的1%-90%,优选5%-80%,更优选5%-70%,更优选5%-60%,更优选5%-50%;所述化合物(A)嗪吡嘧磺隆或其盐;化合物(B)选自嘧啶肟草醚。
本发明还提供一种用于防治禾本科杂草的除草组合物,活性组分由化合物(A)和化合物(B)组成,化合物(A)和化合物(B)的含量占所述除草组合物的还可以是1%,3%,5%,7%,8%,9%,10%,11%,12%,13%,14%,15%,16%,17%,18%,19%,20%,21%,22%,23%,24%,25%,26%,27%,28%,29%,30%,31%,32%,33%,34%,35%,36%,37%,38%,39%,40%,41%,42%,43%,44%,45%,46%,47%,48%,49%,50%,55%,60%,65%,70%,75%,80%,85%,90%。
协同增效作用可使单个除草剂的施用率降低、在相同施用率下的效用更高,防治还未被防治的品种、防治对单一除草剂或多种除草剂耐受或具有抗性的品种、施用期延长和/或所需的单独施用次数减少;并且对于使用者而言,获得了在经济和生态上更加有利的杂草防治体系。
本发明的除草组合物使得化合物(A)和(B)的活性以未预料到的方式协同增效,超出了使用单个活性组分化合物(A)和化合物(B)可达到的活性。
本发明的除草组合物还可包含一种或多种与化合物(A)和化合物(B)不同并且也用作选择性除草剂的其他活性化合物。
优选的,所述一种或多种与化合物(A)和化合物(B)不同并且也用作选择性除草剂的其他活性化合物包括乙草胺(acetochlor)、活化酯(acibenzolar)、苯并噻二唑(acibenzolar-S-methyl)、三氟羧草醚(acifluorfen)、苯草醚(aclonifen)、甲草胺(alachlor)、二丙烯草胺(allidochlor)、禾草灭(alloxydim)、莠灭净(ametryn)、氨唑草酮(amicarbazone)、酰嘧磺隆(amidosulfuron)、氯氨吡啶酸(aminopyralid)、杀草强(amitrole)、氨基磺酸铵(ammonium sulfamate)、嘧啶醇(ancymidol)、莎稗磷(anilofos)、磺草灵(asulam)、莠去津(atrazine)、唑啶草酮(azafenidin)、四唑嘧磺隆(azimsulfuron)、呋草黄(benfuresate)、苄嘧磺隆(bensulfuron)、灭草松(bentazone)、双苯嘧草酮(benzfendizone)、双环磺草酮(benzobicyclon)、吡草酮(benzofenap)、氟磺胺草(benzofluor)、氟吡草酮(bicyclopyrone)、双草醚(bispyribac-sodium)、丁草胺(butachlor)、氟丙嘧草酯(butafenacil)、仲丁灵(butralin)、唑草胺(cafenstrole)、双酰草胺(carbetamide)、唑草酯(carfentrazone)、氯嘧磺隆(chlorimuron,chlorimuron-ethyl)、矮壮素(chlormequat chloride)、绿麦隆(chlorotoluron)、氯磺隆(chlorsulfuron)、环庚草醚(cinmethylin)、醚磺隆(cinosulfuron)、烯草酮(clethodim)、异噁草松(clomazone)、氯甲酰草胺(clomeprop)、二氯吡啶酸(clopyralid)、氰草津(cyanazine)、环丙酸酰胺(cyclanilide)、环丙嘧磺隆(cyclosulfamuron)、噻草酮(cycloxydim)、环唑草胺(cyprazole)、杀草隆(daimuron/dymron)、麦草畏(dicamba)、禾草灵(diclofop-methyl)、精禾草灵(diclofop-P-methyl)、双氯磺草胺(diclosulam)、乙酰甲草胺(diethatyl,diethatyl-ethyl)、吡氟酰草胺(diflufenican)、氟吡草腙(diflufenzopyr,diflufenzopyr-sodium)、噁唑隆(dimefuron)、哌草丹(dimepiperate)、二甲草胺(dimethachlor)、异戊乙净(dimethametryn)、双苯酰草胺(diphenamid)、异丙净(dipropetryn)、敌草快(diquat)、敌草隆(diuron)、胺苯磺隆(ethametsulfuron、ethametsulfuron-methyl)、乙烯利(ethephon)、磺噻隆(ethidimuron)、乙氧嘧磺隆(ethoxysulfuron)、乙氧苯草胺(etobenzanid)、噁唑禾草灵(fenoxaprop)、精噁唑禾草灵(fenoxaprop-P)、噁唑禾草灵(fenoxaprop-ethyl)、四唑酰草胺(fentrazamide)、啶嘧磺隆(flazasulfuron)、双氟磺草胺(florasulam)、吡氟禾草灵(fluazifop)、精吡氟禾草灵(fluazifop-P)、吡氟禾草灵丁酯(fluazifop-butyl)、精吡氟禾草灵丁酯(fluazifop-P-butyl)、异丙吡草酯(fluazolate)、氟酮磺隆(flucarbazone,flucarbazone-sodium)、氟吡磺隆(flucetosulfuron)、氟噻草胺(flufenacet)、氟节胺(flumetralin)、唑嘧磺草胺(flumetsulam)、丙炔氟草胺(flumioxazin)、炔草胺(flumipropyn)、氟草隆(fluometuron)、三氟硝草醚(fluorodifen)、乙羧氟草醚(fluoroglycofen,fluoroglycofen-ethyl)、氟胺草唑(flupoxam)、氟啶嘧磺隆(flupyrsulfuron)、氟啶草酮(fluridone)、氟咯草酮(flurochloridone)、氯氟吡氧乙酸(fluroxypyr)、呋草酮(flurtamone)、噻唑草酰胺(fluthiamide)、氟磺胺草醚(fomesafen)、草铵磷(glufosinate,glufosinate-ammonium)、草铵磷-P(glufosinate-P,glufosinate-P-ammonium)、草铵磷-P-钠盐(glufosinate-P-sodium)、草甘膦(glyphosate)、草甘膦异丙铵盐(glyphosate-isopropylammonium)、氟硝磺酰胺(halosafen)、氯吡嘧磺隆(halosulfuron,halosulfuron-methyl)、氟吡禾灵(haloxyfop)、精氟吡禾灵(haloxyfop-P)、氟吡乙禾灵(haloxyfop-ethoxyethyl)、精氟吡乙禾灵(haloxyfop-P-ethoxyethyl)、氟吡甲禾灵(haloxyfop-methyl)、精氟吡甲禾灵(haloxyfop-P-methyl)、环嗪酮(hexazinone)、咪草酸(imazamethabenz,imazamethabenz-methyl)、甲氧咪草烟(imazamox,imazamox-ammonium)、甲咪唑烟酸(imazapic)、咪唑烟酸(imazapyr,imazapyr-isopropylammonium)、咪唑喹啉酸(imazaquin,imazaquin-ammonium)、咪唑乙烟酸(imazethapyr,imazethapyr-ammonium)、唑吡嘧磺隆(imazosulfuron)、抗倒胺(inabenfide)、茚草酮(indanofan)、碘甲磺隆(iodosulfuron,iodosulfuron-methyl-sodium)、碘苯腈(ioxynil)、异丙隆(isoproturon)、异噁酰草胺(isoxaben)、异噁氯草酮(isoxachlortole)、异噁唑草酮(isoxaflutole)、异噁草醚(isoxapyrifop)、乳氟禾草灵(lactofen)、环草定(lenacil)、苯噻酰草胺(mefenacet)、氯磺酰草胺(mefluidide)、甲哌啶(mepiquat-chloride)、甲磺胺磺隆(mesosulfuron,mesosulfuron-methyl)、甲基磺草酮(mesotrione)、甲基苯噻隆(methabenzthiazuron)、苯嗪草酮(metamitron)、吡唑草胺(metazachlor)、灭草唑(methazole)、甲硫嘧磺隆(methiopyrsulfuron)、苯草酮(methoxyphenone)、甲基杀草隆(methyldymron)、异丙甲草胺(metolachlor)、精异丙甲草胺(S-metolachlor)、磺草唑胺(metosulam)、甲氧隆(metoxuron)、嗪草酮(metribuzin)、甲磺隆(metsulfuron,metsulfuron-methyl)、禾草敌(molinate)、单嘧磺隆(monosulfuron)、单嘧磺隆酯(monosulfuron ester)、灭草隆(monuron)、敌草胺(napropamide)、烟嘧磺隆(nicosulfuron)、丙炔噁草酮(oxadiargyl)、噁草酮(oxadiazon)、环氧嘧磺隆(oxasulfuron)、多效唑(paclobutrazol)、百草枯(paraquat,paraquat dichloride)、二甲戊灵(pendimethalin)、环戊噁草酮(pentoxazone)、烯草胺(pethoxamid)、氨氯吡啶酸(picloram)、氟吡酰草胺(picolinafen)、唑啉草酯(pinoxaden)、哌草磷(piperophos)、丙草胺(pretilachlor)、烯丙苯噻唑(probenazole)、氟唑草胺(profluazol)、环丙氟灵(prifluraline)、环苯草酮(profoxydim)、扑草净(prometryn)、敌稗(propanil)、扑灭津(propazine)、苯胺灵(propham)、异丙草胺(propisochlor)、嗪咪唑嘧磺(propyrisulfuron)、炔苯酰草胺(propyzamide)、苄草丹(prosulfocarb)、氟磺隆(prosulfuron)、丙炔草胺(prynachlor)、双唑草腈(pyraclonil)、吡草醚(pyraflufen,pyraflufen-ethyl)、吡嘧磺隆(pyrazosulfuron、pyrazosulfuron-ethyl))、异丙酯草醚(pyribambenz-isopropyl)、丙酯草醚(pyribambenz-propyl)、稗草丹(pyributicarb)、环酯草醚(pyriftalid)、嘧草醚(pyriminobac,pyriminobac-methyl)、吡丙醚(pyrimisulfan)、嘧硫草醚(pyrithiobac,pyrithiobac-sodium)、pyroxasulfone、甲氧磺草胺(pyroxsulam)、二氯喹啉酸(quinchlorac)、氯甲喹啉酸(quinmerac)、喹禾灵(quizalofop)、精喹禾灵(quizalofop-P)、精喹禾灵乙酯(quizalofop-P-ethyl)、砜嘧磺隆(rimsulfuron)、苯嘧磺草胺(saflufenacil)、仲丁通(secbumeton)、烯禾啶(sethoxydim)、环草隆(siduron)、磺草酮(sulcotrione)、甲磺草胺(sulfentrazone)、甲嘧磺隆(sulfometuron,sulfometuron-methyl)、噻苯隆(thidiazuron)、噻吩磺隆(thifensulfuron,thifensulfuron-methyl)、禾草丹(thiobencarb)、仲草丹(tiocarbazil)、醚苯磺隆(triasulfuron)、三嗪氟草胺(triaziflam)、苯磺隆(tribenuron,tribenuron-methyl)、三氯乙酸(TCA)、三氯吡氧乙酸(triclopyr)、灭草环(tridiphane)、三氟啶磺隆(trifloxysulfuron,trifloxysulfuron-sodium)、氟乐灵(trifluralin)、氟胺磺隆(triflusulfuron)、氟胺磺隆甲酯(triflusulfuron-methyl)、三甲隆(trimeturon)、抗倒酯(trinexapac,trinexapac-ethyl)、三氟甲磺隆(tritosulfuron)、tsitodef、烯效唑(uniconazole)、氰氟草酯(cyhalofop)、甲基二磺隆(mesosulfuron)。
尽管所述化合物(A)和化合物(B)已经在大量作物中显示出良好乃至足够的选择性,原则上,在一些作物中,特别是还与其他选择性较小的除草剂混合时,可能会出现对作物植物的植物毒性。所以包含根据本发明所述的除草组合物以及一种或多种安全剂的组合物是特别有利的。所述安全剂以解毒有效量施用,例如在经济上重要的作物或在果实种植园(种植园作物)中减少所用除草剂的植物毒性副作用。
以下例如适用作安全剂的化合物(包括可能的立体异构体和农业上常用的酯或盐):所述除草剂安全剂选自1,8-萘二甲酸酐(1,8-Naphthalenedicarboxylicanhydride)、解草酮(Benoxacor)、解草唑(Fenchlorazole-ethyl)、呋喃解草唑(Furilazole)、解草烷(2-dichloromethyl-2-methyl-1,3-dioxolane)、解毒喹(Cloquintocet-mexyl)、解草胺腈(Cyometrinil)、解草腈(Oxabetrinil)、肟草安(Fluxofenim)、解草啶(Fenclorim)、解草安(Flurazole)或解草烯(Acetamide)、双苯噁唑酸(Isoxadifen)、吡唑解草酯(Mefenpyr-diethyl)、解草酯(Cloquintocet-mexyl)、二氯丙烯胺(Dichlormid)、吡咯二酸乙酯(Mefenpyr-ethyl)、杀草丹(Benthiocarb)、芸薹素内酯(Brassinolide)、杀草隆(Daimuron)、烯丙酰草胺(Dichlormid)、哌草丹(Dimepiperate) 、乙拌磷(Disulfoton)、氟草肟(Fluxofenim)、解草呋(Furilazole)、双苯噁唑酸乙酯(Isoxadifen-ethyl)、N-苯基-磺酰基苯甲酸酰胺中的至少一种。
已知一些安全剂用作除草剂,并相应地,除了对有害植物具有除草作用之外,还起到保护作物植物的作用。
本发明所述的除草组合物与安全剂的重量比通常取决于除草剂的施用率和所述安全剂的效果,并可在宽范围内变化,例如在90000∶1-1∶5000、优选在7000∶1-1∶1600、特别在3000∶1-1∶500、特别是1:100-20:1的范围内。安全剂可与化合物A和化合物B以成品制剂配制或以与所述除草组合物的桶混物的形式供给和使用。
本发明所述的除草组合物还可包含其他组分的各种活性化合物,例如选自杀真菌剂、杀昆虫剂、杀螨剂、杀线虫剂、驱鸟剂、土壤结构改良剂、以及植物生长调节剂。
本发明所述的除草组合物进一步还可包含液体肥料或固体肥料。
本发明的除草组合物可以用于防治以下位置的不希望的植物:
粮食作物,例如包括:
禾谷类( 小粒谷物)如小麦(Triticum aestivum) 和小麦类作物如硬粒小麦(T.durum),一粒小麦(T.monococcum),二粒小麦(T.dicoccon) 和斯卑尔脱小麦(T.spelta),黑麦(Secale cereale),小黑麦(Tritiosecale),大麦(Hordeum vulgare) ;
玉米(Zea mays) ;
高粱(例如甜高粱(Sorghum bicolour)) ;
稻(稻属(Oryza)如水稻(Oryza sativa)和非洲水稻(Oryzaglaberrima);
甘蔗;
豆类(Legumes(豆科(Fabaceae))),例如包括大豆(Glycine max.),花生(Arachishypogaea)和豆类作物如豌豆(包括豌豆(Pisum sativum)、木豆和豇豆),菜豆(包括蚕豆(Vicia faba)、黑花豇豆属(Vigna)和黑色菜豆属(Phaseolus))以及扁豆(兵豆(lensculinaris var.)) ;
十字花科,例如包括卡诺拉(甘蓝型油菜(Brassica napus)),油菜(Brassicanapus),卷心菜(B.oleracea var.),芥菜如芥菜(B.juncea)、白菜(B.campestris)、塌棵菜(B.narinosa)、黑芥(B.nigra)和地中海野芫菁(B.tournefortii);以及芜菁(Brassicarapa var.);
其他阔叶作物,例如包括向日葵、棉花、亚麻、亚麻子、糖用甜菜、土豆和西红柿;
TNV作物(TNV:树、果仁和藤),例如包括葡萄,柑橘,仁果,例如苹果和梨,咖啡,开心果和油棕,核果,例如桃、杏仁、核桃、橄榄、樱桃、李和杏;
草皮、牧草和牧场;
洋葱和大蒜;
球茎观赏植物如郁金香和水仙;
针叶树和落叶树如松属(Pinus)、冷杉、橡树、枫树、山茱萸、山楂、海棠和鼠李属(Rhamnus)(鼠李);
花园观赏植物如矮牵牛、万寿菊、玫瑰和金鱼草;
道路周围如路、铁路、草地、公用管线;
工业植被。
本发明所述的除草组合物优选用于防治以下有用作物中出现的不希望的植物:直接播种、水中播种移植的稻子、小麦、黑麦、大麦、燕麦、黑小麦、高粱、玉米、甘蔗、向日葵、油菜、低芥酸油菜、甜菜、大豆、棉花、菠萝、牧地、牧草地、休耕地、草皮、乔木或藤本果园、水生物、种植园作物、蔬菜、工业植被管理和道理周围。所述除草组合物被所述有用作物耐受。
本发明提供一种用于防治禾本科杂草的除草组合物防治不希望的植物发芽或生长的用途。
稻子中不希望的植物选自:宽叶臂形草(broadleaf signalgrass),马唐(Digitaria sanguinalis (L.) Scop.),稗草(Echinochloa crus_galli(L.)P. Beauv.),水田稗( Echinochloa oryoides),田间鸭嘴草(Ischaemum rugosum Salisb.),千金子(Leptochloa chinensis(L.)Nees),丛生千金子 (Leptochloa fascicularis (Lam.)Gray),异型莎草(Cyperus difformis L.),油莎草(Cyperus esculentus L.),碎米莎草(Cyperus iria L.),香附子(Cyperus rotundus L.),荸养品种(Eleocharis species)(ELOSS),水虱草(Fimbristylis miliacea(L.) Vahl),萤蔺(Schoenoplectus juncoidesRoxb.),三棱草(Schoenoplectus maritimus L. Lye),合萌品种(Aeschynomenespecies),喜旱莲子草(Alternanthera philoxeroides (Mart. )Griseb.),泽泻水生车前草属(Alisma plantago-aquatica L.,苋品种(Amaranthus species),(藜(pigweeds)和苋属植物(amaranths),AMASS),红水苋 (Ammannia coccinea Rottb.),旱莲草(Ecliptaalba(L. )Hassk.)(體肠(American false daisy),ECLAL),沼生异蕊花(Heterantheralimosa(SW.)Willd./ Vahl),裂叶牵牛(Ipomoea hederacea(L.)Jacq.),雨久花(Monochoria korsakowii Regel&Maack) (monochoria,MOOKA),鸭舌草(Monochoriavaginalis),裸花水竹叶(Murdannia nudiflora(L.) Brenan),节节菜(Rotala indica(Willd.)Koehne,慈姑品种(Sagittaria species) (arrowhead,SAGSS)。
油菜、低芥酸油菜、小麦、黑麦、大麦、燕麦、黑小麦、高粱、玉米、甘蔗、向日葵、甜菜、大豆、棉花、菠萝、蔬菜中不希望的植物选自大穗看麦娘(Alopecurus myosuroidesHuds.) (blackgrass, ALOMY),野燕麦(Avena fatua L),旱雀麦(Bromus tectorum L.)(丘原雀麦草(downy brome),BROTE),多花黑麦草(Lolium multiflorum Lam.)(意大利黑麦草(Italian ryegrass),LOLMU),小种金丝雀草(littleseed canarygrass),PHAMI),早熟禾(Poa annua L. ),金狗尾草(Setaria pumila(Poir. )Roemer&J. A. Schultes)(黄色狗尾草(yellow foxtail),SETLU),狗尾草(Setaria viridis(L. )Beauv.)(绿色狗尾草(green foxtail),SETVI),反枝苋(Amaranthus retroflexus L.)(红根苋(redrootpigweed),AMARE),芸苔属物种(Brassica species) (BRSSS),藜(Chenopodium album L.)(普通灰草(common lambsquarters),CHEAL),猪殃殃(Galium aparine L.),地肤(Kochiascoparia(L.) Schrad.),紫花野芝麻(Lamium purpureum L.)(紫色枯荨麻(purpledeadnettle),LAMPU),母菊 (Matricariarecutita L.),同花母菊(Matricariamatricarioides (Less.) Porter),虞美人(Papaver rhoeas L. ),野生荞麦(wildbuckwheat),刺沙蓬(Salsola tragus L. ),欧白芥属物种(Sinapis species) (SINSS),野欧白芥(Sinapis arvensis L.),繁缕(Stellaria media(L.)Vill.),阿拉伯婆婆纳(Veronica persica Poir.)(波斯婆婆纳(Persian speedwell),VERPE),苘麻(Abutilontheophrasti Medicus)、野生堇菜(Viola arvensis Murr.),或三色堇(Viola tricolor L.)。
牧场和牧地中不希望的植物选自豚草(Ambrosia artemisiifolia L.),钝叶决明(Cassia obtusifolia),斑点矢车菊 (Centaurea maculosa auct. non Lam.),田旋花(Convolvulus arvensis L.) (field bindweed,CONAR),刺莴苣(Lactuca serriola L./Torn.),长叶车前 (Plantago lanceolata L.),钝叶酸模(Rumex obtusifolius L.),刺金午时花(Sida spinosa L.),野欧白芥(Sinapis arvensis L.),苣荬菜(Sonchus arvensisL.) (perennial sowthistle,SONAR),一枝黄花品种(Solidago species),药用蒲公英(Taraxacum officinale G.H. Weber ex Wiggers),白车轴草(Trifolium repens L.)(white clover, TRFRE),或异株荨麻(Urtica dioica L.)。
本发明所述的除草组合物对稗草(Echinochloa crus_galli(L.)P. Beauv.)、狗尾草(Setaria viridis(L. )Beauv.)、马唐(Digitaria sanguinalis (L.) Scop.)、千金子(Leptochloa chinensis)、野燕麦(Avena fatua L. )、藜(Chenopodium album L.)、繁缕(Stellaria media (L.) Cyr.)、萤蔺(Schoenoplectus juncoides Roxb.)、异型莎草(Cyperus difformis L.)、鸭舌草(Monochoria vaginalis)、燕麦(Avena sativa L.)、陌上菜(Lindernia procumbens (Krock.) Philcox)、节节菜(Rotala indica (Willd.)Koehne. )的控制中以低于各化合物单独施用时的施用率展现出了协同增效作用。
本发明所述的除草组合物优选对千金子(Leptochloa chinensis)、马唐(Digitaria sanguinalis (L.) Scop.)、狗尾草(Setaria viridis(L. )Beauv.)、燕麦(Avena sativa L.)的控制。
“不希望的植物”应理解为意指生长在不想要其生长的地方的所有植物。这些可为,例如,有害植物(例如单子叶或双子叶杂草、禾本科杂草、莎草科植物或不想要的作物植物),包括例如对某些除草活性化合物(例如草甘膦、草铵磷、莠去津、咪唑啉酮类除草剂和磺酰脲类)具有抗性的那些植物。
本发明提供一种防治不希望的植物的方法,包括:(i)在不希望的植物发芽之前(芽前);(ii)在不希望的植物发芽之后(芽后),或(iii)在(i)和(ii)时,将除草有效量的本发明的除草组合物施用于不希望的植物或其生长场所。
一种防治不希望的植物的方法,包括使不希望的植物或其生长场所与除草有效量的所述的除草组合物接触。除草有效量指施用以防治不希望的植物的除草活性成分的量。
一种防治不希望的植物的方法,将本发明所述的除草组合物施用于不希望的植物或其生长场所以防治不希望的植物的发芽或生长。
一种防治不希望的植物的方法,将本发明所述的除草组合物施用至土壤或水中以防治不希望的植物的发芽或生长。
一种防治不希望的植物的方法,将本发明的除草组合物中的化合物(A)和化合物(B)共同或单独地施用于不希望的植物或其生长场所以防治不希望的植物的发芽或生长。
一种防治不希望的植物的方法,将本发明的除草组合物中的化合物(A)和化合物(B)共同或单独地施用于土壤或水中以防治不希望的植物的发芽或生长。
本发明的除草组合物作为水田用除草剂时,可以用于积水条件下土壤处理和茎叶处理。
本发明的除草组合物作为旱田用除草剂时,可以用于土壤处理、土壤混合处理和茎叶处理。
本发明的除草组合物可以用作水田用除草剂,还可以用作旱田用除草剂。
水田杂草,可以列举出例如,
眼子菜科(Potamogetonaceae)杂草,如眼子菜(Potamogeton distinctus);
泽泻科 (Alismataceae)杂草,如窄叶泽泻(Alisma canaliculatum)、矮慈姑(Sagittaria pygmaea)和野慈姑(Sagittaria trifolia);
禾本科(Gramineae)杂草,如千金子(Leptochloa chinensis)、稗草(Echinochloacrus-galli) 和稻稗(Echinochloaoryzicola)等;
莎草科(Cyperaceae) 杂草,如木贼状荸荠(Eleocharis Kuroguwai)、萤蔺(Scirpus juncoides)、三江薦草(Scirpus nipponicus)、水莎草 (Cyperusserotinus),和异型莎草(Cyperus difformis)等;
浮萍科(Lemnaceae)杂草,如紫萍(Spirodela polyrhiza)和稀脉浮萍(Lemnapaucicostata);
鸭跖草科(Commelinaceae) 杂草,如疣草(Murdannia keisak)等;
雨久花科(Pontederiaceae)杂草,如雨久花(Monochoria korsakowii)和鸭舌草(Monochoria vaginalis)等;
沟繁缕科 (Elatinaceae)杂草,如沟繁缕(Elatine triandra)等;
千屈菜科(Lythraceae)杂草,如多花水览(Ammannia multifIora)和节节菜(Rotala indica)等;
柳叶菜科(Oenotheraceae)杂草,如假柳叶菜(Ludwigia epilobioides)等;
玄参科(Scrophulariaceae)杂草,如盳眼(Dopatrium junceum)、陌上菜(Linderniapyxidaria)和美洲母草(Lindernia dubia)等;
菊科(Compositae)杂草,如大狼巴草 (Bidens frondosa)和狼把草(Bidenstripartia)等。
本发明还提供一种防治不希望的植物生长的方法,包括:(i)在不希望的植物发芽之前(芽前);(ii)在不希望的植物发芽之后(芽后),或(iii)在(i)和(ii)时,将除草有效量的本发明的除草组合物施用于不希望的植物或其生长场所。优选在不希望的植物发芽前也对已发芽的不希望的植物(例如阔叶杂草、禾本科杂草、莎草科植物或不希望的作物植物)进行施用,而与播种/种植的作物的生长期无关。
本发明的除草组合物包含除草有效量的化合物(A)和化合物(B)具有协同增效作用。当共同或几乎同时施用化合物(A)和化合物(B)时可观察到协同作用;当在不同的时间分别施用化合物(A)和化合物(B)时,也可观察到协同作用;也可以相继施用化合物(A)和化合物(B),例如先芽前施用然后芽后施用,或者先早期芽后施用,然后中期或后期芽后施用。在此优选共同或几乎同时施用化合物(A)和化合物(B),并且特别优选共同施用。
如果在发芽之前将本发明的协同除草组合物施用于土壤表面,则完全防止杂草幼苗发芽,或者杂草生长至子叶期,但是然后其就停止生长,并最终在两周至四周之后完全死亡。
如果在发芽后将所述除草组合物施用于植物的绿色部位,生长同样会在处理后的相当短时间内就急剧停止,且该杂草植物保持在施用时间点时的生长期,或者其在一定时间之后完全死亡,以这种方式较早并持续地消除由有害于作物植物的杂草产生的竞争。对于水稻,也可将所述除草组合物施用在水中,然后其通过土壤、芽和根部被吸收。
当化合物(A)和化合物(B)共同施用时,存在协同增效作用。在此,所述除草组合物的活性高于施用的各除草剂活性的预期总和。协同增效作用使施用率可降低,防治更宽谱的阔叶杂草、禾本科杂草和莎草科植物,除草作用起效更快、持续时间更长、通过仅一次或几次施用就对有害植物有更好的防治以及可拓宽施用期。所述除草组合物中使用的剂量以及化合物(A)和化合物(B)的有效剂量都可调节至较低的水平,以使其对土壤的作用降低至最小程度。这使得本发明的除草组合物不仅可以施用于敏感作物,还几乎避免了地下水污染。本发明除草组合物使得活性组分所需施用率显著地降低。
本发明的除草组合物可以通过使用本领域技术人员熟知的技术以常规方式施用。施用方法包括但不限于,施用至不希望的植物或其生长场所,例如施用至植物临近的区域,以及出苗前、出苗后、叶面(散播、定向、带状、定点、机械、跃顶式或复育),以及通过手、背包、机械、拖拉机、或空中(飞机、直升机、无人机)施用方法,在水中施用(散播、定点、机械式、水注式、粒状散播、粒状定点、摇瓶或喷瓶)。
一种防治不希望的植物的方法,包括将本发明所述的除草组合物加入到灌溉水中,通过使用地面或空中喷粉机、喷雾器、撒粒机施用到不希望的植物或其生长场所。
施用类型以众所周知的方式取决于意欲的目的;在任何情况下该技术应确保本发明所述的除草组合物中的活性组分的最佳可能的被分布。
本发明还提供一种防治不希望的植物生长的方法,包括将本发明的除草组合物在有用作物的植株、有用作物的种子或有用作物的其它繁殖部分存在下施用。
本发明中提到的植物、作物包括但不限于,发芽的种子、新出现的幼苗、从营养繁殖体发芽的植物、不成熟的植物以及长成的植物。
若活性组分不能被某些农作物良好耐受,则可以借助喷雾设备定向喷雾除草组合物以使它们在达到生长在下面的不希望植物的叶子或裸露的土壤时尽可能少地接触敏感农作物。
本发明方法最优选用于不希望的植物或其生长场所防治作物生长区或将用于种植作物的区域内的杂草。当用于作物生长区时,施用量应足以控制杂草生长但又不会对作物产生严重的永久性的伤害。
本发明的除草组合物施用量根据适用场所、施用时间、施用方法、目标杂草和有用作物等的不同而不同。
化合物(A)的施用率可在宽范围内变化,例如在0.1g至1000g A.I./ha(下文中,A.I./ha表示“活性物质/公顷”=基于100%纯度的活性化合物计),优选0.1-100g A.I./ha,更加优选1-50g A.I./ha,更优选1-40g A.I./ha。当在播种前、种植前或芽前和芽后中使用化合物(A)时,其具有相对较宽的待防治的有害植物谱,例如一年生和多年生单子叶或双子叶阔叶科杂草、禾本科杂草和莎草科植物,以及不希望的作物植物。
化合物(B)的施用率可在宽范围内变化,例如10g至300g A.I./ha,优选10-100gA.I./ha;其对一年生或多年生禾本科、阔叶科杂草有较好的防效。
本发明还提供一种用于防治禾本科杂草的除草组合物,活性组分由化合物(A)和化合物(B)组成、填充剂和/或表面活性剂。所述除草组合物中,化合物(A)和化合物(B)的含量占所述除草组合物的1%-90%,优选5%-80%,更优选5%-70%,更优选5%-60%,更优选5%-50%。
本发明的除草组合物可转化为常规制剂,例如可湿性粉剂、水溶性粒剂、水溶性液剂、乳油、悬浮剂、微囊剂、微乳剂、水乳剂、悬浮乳剂、微囊悬浮-悬浮剂、水分散粒剂、超低容量液剂、片剂、低容量分散粒剂、丸剂或干悬浮剂。
根据本发明,术语“填充剂”指可与活性组分相组合或联合以使其更易于施用给对象(例如植物、作物或草类)的天然或合成的有机或无机化合物。因此,所述填充剂优选为惰性的,至少应为农业可接受的。所述填充剂可以为固体或液体。
适用的固体载体为:例如植物质粉末类(例如大豆粉、淀粉、谷物粉、木粉、树皮粉、锯末、核桃壳粉、麸皮、纤维素粉末、椰壳、玉米穗轴和烟草茎的颗粒,提取植物精华后的残渣等)、黏土类(例如高岭土、皂土、酸性瓷土等)、滑石粉类。硅石类(例如硅藻土、硅砂、云母、含水硅酸,硅酸钙)、活性炭、天然矿物质类(浮石、绿坡缕石及沸石等)、烧制硅藻土、砂、塑料媒介等(例如聚乙烯、聚丙烯、聚偏二氯乙烯等)、氯化钾、碳酸钙、磷酸钙等的无机矿物性粉末、硫酸铵、磷酸铵、尿素、氯化铵等的化学肥料、土肥,这些物质可以单独使用或者2种以上混用。
适用的液体载体可以在下列材料中选择,例如水,酒精类(例如甲醇、乙醇、异丙醇、丁醇、乙二醇等)、酮类(例如丙酮、甲基乙基酮、二异丁基甲酮、环己酮等)、醚类(例如乙醚、二噁烷、甲基纤维素、四氢呋喃等)、脂肪族碳氢化合物类(例如煤油、矿物油等)、芳香族碳氢化合物类(例如苯、甲苯、二甲苯、溶剂油、烷基萘、氯代芳烃、氯代脂肪烃、氯苯等)、卤化碳氢化合物类、酰胺类、砜类、二甲基亚砜、矿物和植物油、动物油等。
适用的表面活性剂有具有离子或非离子性质的乳化剂、分散剂或润湿剂,或这些表面活性剂的混合物。这些表面活性剂的适合的有脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚、聚氧乙烯烷基芳基醚、聚氧乙烯高级脂肪酸酯、聚氧乙烯醇或酚的磷酸酯、多元醇的脂肪酸酯、烷芳基磺酸钠、萘磺酸聚合物、木质素磺酸盐、高分子梳形的枝状共聚物、丁基萘磺酸盐、烷基芳基磺酸盐、烷基磺基琥珀酸钠、油脂、脂肪醇与环氧乙烷缩合物、烷基牛磺酸盐等聚丙烯酸盐、蛋白质水解物。合适的低聚糖物或聚合物,例如基于单独的乙烯单体、丙烯酸、聚氧乙烯或聚氧丙烯或者其与例如(多元)醇或(多元)胺的结合。当活性化合物中的一种和/或惰性载体中的一种不溶于水且当在水中施用时,必须存在表面活性剂。
如果合适,本发明的除草组合物也可以存在其他添加组分,例如保护胶体、粘合剂、胶粘剂、增稠剂、触变剂、渗透剂、稳定剂、掩蔽剂、多价螯合剂、络合物形成剂。通常,所述的活性组分可以与常规用于制剂目的的任何固体或液体添加剂结合。
本发明的所述除草组合物可通过已知方式将所述活性组分与以下物质中的至少一种进行混合:液体载体或固体载体、乳化剂、分散剂、润湿剂和/或保护胶体、粘合剂、胶粘剂、增稠剂、触变剂、渗透剂、稳定剂、掩蔽剂、多价螯合剂、络合物形成剂、水以及其它加工助剂。
本发明的除草组合物具有更易使用的形式,因为所述组分的量已经为最佳比例。此外,制剂中的助剂可彼此调节而优化。
本发明一种用于防治禾本科杂草的除草组合物的优点:
本发明一种用于防治禾本科杂草的除草组合物以特别有利的方式获得技术人员所需的对杂草控制的“协同增效”作用,甚至包括难以控制的某些禾本科杂草种类。而且,施用本发明组合物可以显著降低组合中单个组分的施用量,降低了对作物的植物毒性。
本发明一种用于防治禾本科杂草的除草组合物已显示除草性活性成分组合施用时比单独施用时更有效。“协同增效”作用指两种或多种因素相互作用,使得当组合时的效果比基于分别施用各因素的响应所预期的效果好。
具体实施方式
以下将结合实施例对本发明作进一步说明:
(一)制剂实施例
下述制剂实施例中,除另有说明外,所述百分比均为重量百分比。
实施例1 30%嗪吡嘧磺隆+5%嘧啶肟草醚水分散粒剂
称取嗪吡嘧磺隆30%,嘧啶肟草醚5%,十二烷基三甲基铵盐5%,烷基酚聚氧乙烯基醚磷酸酯5%,氯化钠4%,阿拉伯胶4%,凹凸棒土补足至100%。将上述原料混合均匀,经粉碎、造粒,制得水分散粒剂。
实施例2 35%嗪吡嘧磺隆+5%嘧啶肟草醚水分散粒剂
称取嗪吡嘧磺隆35%,嘧啶肟草醚5%,十二烷基三甲基铵盐5%,油酰基甲基牛磺酸钠6%,硫酸铵3%,阿拉伯胶5%,高岭土补足至100%。将上述原料混合均匀,经粉碎、造粒,制得水分散粒剂。
实施例3 14%嗪吡嘧磺隆+2%嘧啶肟草醚悬浮剂
称取嗪吡嘧磺隆14%,嘧啶肟草醚2%,萘磺酸甲醛缩合物钠盐5%,聚氧乙烯脂肪酸酯5%,海藻酸钠2%,丙三醇5%,硅酮2.5%,水补足至100%。将各组分加入水中并混合,经高速剪切分散、砂磨机砂磨,形成高分散、稳定的悬浮体系,即制得悬浮剂。
实施例4 24%嗪吡嘧磺隆+3%嘧啶肟草醚悬浮剂
称取嗪吡嘧磺隆24%,嘧啶肟草醚3%,对甲氧基脂肪酰胺基苯磺酸钠6%,高级脂肪酸甘油酯5%,海藻酸钠3%,丙三醇3%,硅酮1%,水补足至100%。将各组分加入水中并混合,经高速剪切分散、砂磨机砂磨,形成高分散、稳定的悬浮体系,即制得悬浮剂。
实施例5 20%嗪吡嘧磺隆+2%嘧啶肟草醚油悬浮剂
称取嗪吡嘧磺隆20%,嘧啶肟草醚2%,聚氧乙烯烷基芳基醚5%,聚氧乙烯月桂基醚羧酸钠4.5%,聚乙烯醇4%,蓖麻油补足至100%。将上述原料混合,经高速剪切分散、砂磨机砂磨后,形成高分散、稳定的悬浮体系,制得油悬浮剂。
实施例6 45%嗪吡嘧磺隆+3%嘧啶肟草醚悬浮乳剂
称取嗪吡嘧磺隆45%,嘧啶肟草醚3%,SOLVESSOTM 100 5%,十二烷基三甲基铵盐5%,萘磺酸甲醛缩合物钠盐4%,乙氧基化蓖麻油 5%,黄原胶5%,丙二醇4%,正-辛醇3%,水补足至100%。将嗪吡嘧磺隆、十二烷基三甲基铵盐、水经研磨和/或高速剪切后得到嗪吡嘧磺隆悬浮剂;将嘧啶肟草醚、SOLVESSOTM 100、乙氧基化蓖麻油混合搅拌均匀得到嘧啶肟草醚乳油;将得到的嘧啶肟草醚乳油加入到嗪吡嘧磺隆悬浮剂中,得到45%嗪吡嘧磺隆+3%嘧啶肟草醚悬浮乳剂。
实施例7 5%嗪吡嘧磺隆+0.1%嘧啶肟草醚颗粒剂
称取嗪吡嘧磺隆5%,嘧啶肟草醚0.1%,糊精4%,膨润土补足至100%。上述原料经混合、挤压造粒,制得颗粒剂。
实施例8 19%嗪吡嘧磺隆+1.9%嘧啶肟草醚乳油
称取嗪吡嘧磺隆19%,嘧啶肟草醚1.9%,乙氧基化蓖麻油 5%,十二烷基苯磺酸钙3%,SOLVESSOTM 200补足至100%。将上述成分按照比例配制,搅拌均匀得到均一的相,得到10%嗪吡嘧磺隆+0.2%嘧啶肟草醚乳油。
实施例9 20%嗪吡嘧磺隆+0.5%嘧啶肟草醚可湿性粉剂
称取嗪吡嘧磺隆20%,嘧啶肟草醚0.5%,壬基酚聚氧乙烯醚5%,十二烷基苯磺酸钙5%,高岭土补足至100%。上述原料经混合、研磨、气流粉碎,制得可湿性粉剂。
实施例10 30%嗪吡嘧磺隆+1.5%嘧啶肟草醚可湿性粉剂
称取嗪吡嘧磺隆30%,嘧啶肟草醚1.5%,聚氧乙烯甘油基单脂肪酸酯5%,三苯乙基苯酚聚氧乙烯醚5%,硅藻土补足至100%。上述原料经混合、研磨、气流粉碎,制得可湿性粉剂。
实施例11 24%嗪吡嘧磺隆+4%嘧啶肟草醚干悬浮剂
称取嗪吡嘧磺隆24%,嘧啶肟草醚4%,烷基二甲基苄基铵 5%,三硅氧烷聚氧乙烯醚5%,聚乙烯醇 4%,丙二醇3%,硅酮 5%;高岭土补足至100%;将活性组分以及各种助剂与水混合,经高速剪切分散、砂磨机砂磨后,形成高分散、稳定的悬浮体系,制得悬浮剂,将得到的悬浮液经过流化床干燥得到干悬浮剂。
实施例12 80%嗪吡嘧磺隆+10%嘧啶肟草醚+10%双苯噁唑酸
称取嗪吡嘧磺隆80%,嘧啶肟草醚10%,双苯噁唑酸10% 混合均匀。
实施例13 90%嗪吡嘧磺隆+10%嘧啶肟草醚
称取嗪吡嘧磺隆90%,嘧啶肟草醚10% 混合均匀。
实施例14 81%嗪吡嘧磺隆+9%嘧啶肟草醚+ 10%吡唑解草酯
称取嗪吡嘧磺隆81%,嘧啶肟草醚9%,10%吡唑解草酯混合均匀。
以上实施例中配比为重量百分配比。
(二)除草活性测试
本发明除草组合物的除草活性通过“NY/T 1155.4-2006农药室内生物测定试验准则除草剂第四部分:活性测定试验茎叶喷雾法”进行测定:
测试的植物品种如下:
普通小麦(Triticum aestivum(spring));
水稻(Oryza sativa);
狗尾草(Setaria viridis(L. )Beauv.);
燕麦(Avena sativa L.);
千金子(Leptochloa chinensis);
黑草(Buchnera cruciata Hamilt.)。
试验药剂:按照一定重量百分比配制试剂:1、嗪吡嘧磺隆;2、嘧啶肟草醚;3、嗪吡嘧磺隆+嘧啶肟草醚;之后将上述各试剂用水稀释,获得药剂稀释液。
试验方法:在高10cm、直径8cm的营养钵内装定量土壤,将所需测试植物品种的种子15-20粒播种于营养钵内,种子上覆约0.5cm的土。在杂草的4-6叶期,对各处理分别进行进行喷雾处理,每钵喷药液2ml,每处理4次重复,并设不含药剂的处理作空白对照。待植物叶片表面药液自然风干后移入温室常规培养,定期浇水。处理后21天调查各处理鲜重抑制率:
然后,通过“NY-T 1155.7-2006 农药室内生物测定试验准则除草剂第7部分混配的联合作用测定”中的Colby公式计算组合物的联合作用:
X为当以m的施用量施用化合物A时的防效,表示为未处理对照组的百分比;
Y为当以n的施用量施用化合物B时的防效,表示为未处理对照组的百分比;
E0为当以m和n的施用量施用化合物A和化合物B时的理论防效,表示为未处理对照组的百分比。
如果在生物试验中观察到的实际的杂草防治率(E)超过使用Colby’s方法计算得到的理论防效(E0),则表示除草组合物的效力大于各成分效力的总和,这意味着组合物具有协同增效作用。
试验一:对狗尾草(Setaria viridis(L. )Beauv.)的防效
本发明的除草组合物(嗪吡嘧磺隆+嘧啶肟草醚)对狗尾草(Setaria viridis(L. )Beauv.)的防效:
表1
表1的试验结果显示:嗪吡嘧磺隆和嘧啶肟草醚在6:1-50:1的范围内,对狗尾草(Setaria viridis(L. )Beauv.)的防效显示明显的协同增效作用。
试验二:对千金子(Leptochloa chinensis)的防效
本发明的除草组合物(嗪吡嘧磺隆+嘧啶肟草醚)对千金子(Leptochloachinensis)的防效:
表2
表2的试验结果显示:嗪吡嘧磺隆和嘧啶肟草醚在6:1-50:1的范围内,对千金子(Leptochloa chinensis)的防效显示明显的协同增效作用。
试验三:对燕麦(Avena sativa L.)的防效
本发明的除草组合物(嗪吡嘧磺隆+嘧啶肟草醚)对燕麦(Avena sativa L.)的防效:
表3
表3的试验结果显示:嗪吡嘧磺隆和嘧啶肟草醚在6:1-50:1的范围内,对燕麦(Avena sativa L.)的防效显示明显的协同增效作用。
试验四:对黑草(Buchnera cruciata Hamilt.)的防效
本发明的除草组合物(嗪吡嘧磺隆+嘧啶肟草醚)对黑草(Buchnera cruciataHamilt.)的防效:
表4
表4的试验结果显示:嗪吡嘧磺隆和嘧啶肟草醚在6:1-50:1的范围内,对黑草(Buchnera cruciata Hamilt.)的防效显示明显的协同增效作用。
另外,通过对普通小麦(Triticum aestivum(spring))和水稻(Oryza sativa)的安全性观察,嗪吡嘧磺隆和嘧啶肟草醚的组合被小麦和水稻耐受,未产生不可接受的毒性。
Claims (17)
1.一种用于防治禾本科杂草的除草组合物,其特征在于,活性组分由化合物(A)和化合物(B)组成;其中化合物 (A)为嗪吡嘧磺隆或其盐;化合物(B)为嘧啶肟草醚,所述化合物(A)与化合物(B)的重量比为8:1-30:1。
2.根据权利要求1所述的除草组合物,其特征在于,所述化合物(A)与化合物(B)的重量比为10:1-25:1。
3.根据权利要求1所述的除草组合物,其特征在于,所述化合物(A)与化合物(B)的重量比为10:1-20:1。
4.根据权利要求1所述的除草组合物,其特征在于,化合物(A)和化合物(B)的含量占所述除草组合物的5%-60%。
5.根据权利要求1所述的除草组合物,其特征在于,化合物(A)和化合物(B)的含量占所述除草组合物的5%-50%。
6.根据权利要求1所述的除草组合物,其特征在于,还包括填充剂和/或表面活性剂。
7.根据权利要求1所述的除草组合物,其特征在于,所述除草组合物,其剂型为可湿性粉剂、水溶性粒剂、水溶性液剂、乳油、悬浮剂、微囊剂、微乳剂、悬浮乳剂、微囊悬浮-悬浮剂、水分散粒剂、超低容量液剂、片剂、低容量分散粒剂、丸剂或干悬浮剂。
8.权利要求1所述的除草组合物在防治马唐 (Digitaria sanguinalis (L.) Scop.)、狗尾草 (Setaria viridis(L. )Beauv.)、燕麦(Avena sativa L.)、黑草(Buchneracruciata Hamilt.)不希望的植物发芽或生长的用途。
9.权利要求1所述的除草组合物在防治稻子、小麦、大麦、黑麦、油菜、低芥酸油菜、甜菜、玉米、草皮、棉花、蔬菜、甘蔗、大豆中不希望的植物发芽或生长的用途。
10.一种防治不希望的植物的方法,其特征在于,包括将权利要求1所述的除草组合物施用于不希望的植物或其生长场所以防治不希望的植物的发芽或生长。
11.一种防治不希望的植物的方法,其特征在于,包括:(i)在不希望的植物发芽之前(芽前);(ii)在不希望的植物发芽之后(芽后),或(iii)在(i)和(ii)时,将权利要求1所述的除草组合物施用于不希望的植物或其生长场所以防治不希望的植物的发芽或生长。
12.一种防治不希望的植物的方法,其特征在于,包括使不希望的植物或其生长场所与权利要求1所述的除草组合物接触。
13.一种防治不希望的植物的方法,其特征在于,包括将权利要求1所述的除草组合物施用至土壤或水中以防治不希望的植物的发芽或生长。
14.一种防治不希望的植物的方法,其特征在于,包括将权利要求1所述的除草组合物中的化合物(A)和化合物(B)共同或单独地施用于不希望的植物或其生长场所以防治不希望的植物的发芽或生长。
15.一种防治不希望的植物的方法,其特征在于,包括将权利要求1所述的除草组合物中的化合物(A)和化合物(B)共同或单独地施用于土壤或水中以防治不希望的植物的发芽或生长。
16.一种防治不希望的植物的方法,其特征在于,包括将权利要求1所述的除草组合物在有用作物的植株、有用作物的种子或有用作物的其它繁殖部分存在下施用。
17.一种防治不希望的植物的方法,其特征在于,包括将权利要求1所述的除草组合物加入到灌溉水中,通过使用地面或空中喷粉机、喷雾器、撒粒机施用到不希望的植物或其生长场所。
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CN103271061A (zh) * | 2013-06-05 | 2013-09-04 | 江苏龙灯化学有限公司 | 一种协同除草组合物 |
CN104782643A (zh) * | 2015-04-18 | 2015-07-22 | 广东中迅农科股份有限公司 | 一种含有嗪吡嘧磺隆和嘧啶肟草醚的水稻田除草组合物 |
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