CN114095025A - Intensity detection type time-interleaved sampling analog-to-digital converter based on photon radio frequency storage - Google Patents
Intensity detection type time-interleaved sampling analog-to-digital converter based on photon radio frequency storage Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses an intensity detection type time-interleaved sampling analog-to-digital converter based on photon radio frequency storage, which comprises a signal receiving module, a radio frequency storage module and a detection quantization module; the signal receiving module is used for receiving an external high-frequency broadband signal and loading the external high-frequency broadband signal on an optical signal so as to generate an original optical pulse; the radio frequency storage module is used for converting one original optical pulse into a plurality of delayed optical pulse sequences; the detection quantization module receives a plurality of delay optical pulse sequences in sequence according to sampling time intervals and converts the delay optical pulse sequences into electric signals; setting the duration of the original light pulse to TP(ii) a The duration of each delayed light pulse in the delayed light pulse sequence in the radio frequency storage module is To(ii) a The sampling time interval of the detection quantization module is TEThe three conditions need to satisfy the following conditions: t isP＜To＜TE. The system overcomes the bottleneck of sampling speed and precision of an electronic system, and simultaneously solves the defects that the stretching coefficient of the current photon finite time stretching analog-to-digital converter is limited and can not be changed。
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of microwave photon, radio frequency storage and analog-to-digital conversion, in particular to an intensity detection type time-interleaved sampling analog-to-digital converter based on photon radio frequency storage.
Background
An Analog-to-digital converter (ADC) is a device that converts an Analog signal with continuous time and continuous amplitude into a digital signal with discrete time and discrete amplitude, and is a basic device in the fields of radar and communication, and a basic key module for converting various signals from a sensor to information in an information-oriented society.
However, due to the physical and process bottleneck limitations of electronic technology, the speed increase of the analog-to-digital converter is greatly restricted. Meanwhile, there is a natural conflict between the speed and the effective number of the analog-to-digital converter, which is described in Walden R H.analog-to-digital converter summary and analysis [ J ]. IEEE Journal on selected areas in communications,1999,17(4):539 550.
To solve this conflict and achieve higher speed and higher bit number analog-to-digital conversion, a photon-assisted analog-to-digital converter is proposed. Because the photon technology naturally has excellent characteristics of ultra high speed, large bandwidth and the like, the photon-assisted analog-to-digital converter becomes one of the research hotspots in the field of the current microwave photonics.
The United states Houston research laboratory in 2012 proposes an optical time stretching ADC With Large stretching Ratio and high effective digit based on limited time optical stretching, which samples 10GHz analog signals With a Bandwidth, and the effective digit reaches 8.27bits after analog-to-Digital conversion, and the details are disclosed in the documents [ Ng W, Rockwood T D, Sefler G A, et al.Demonration of a Large Stretch-Ratio (M41) Photonic cAlog-to-Digital Converter With 8ENOB for an Input Signal Bandwidth of 10GHz [ J ]. IEEE Photonic technologies Letters,2012,24(14):1185 and 1187 ].
2017, Guangdong industry university and electronic technology university jointly propose an optical time stretching ADC which utilizes a dissipative soliton passive mode-locked laser to realize high precision, and realize 4.1bits of effective digits under a sampling rate of 100GS/s, wherein the specific contents are detailed in the documents [ Pen D, Zhang Z, Zeng Z, et al, Single-shot photonic time-stretch digitzer using a discrete stereo laser-based passive mode-l inked fiber laser [ J ]. Optics express,2018,26(6): 6519-.
The advanced learning technology and the photon time interleaving analog-to-digital conversion technology are firstly combined by Shanghai traffic university in 2019, the performance of a photon analog-to-digital conversion system is greatly improved, and the photon analog-to-digital converter is further put into practical use, and the specific contents are disclosed in the documents [ Xu S, Zou X, Ma B, et al.
However, the above three documents disclose about analog-to-digital converters of the finite time stretch type and analog-to-digital converters of the time interleave type. The stretching multiple of the finite time stretching type analog-digital converter is limited by optical fiber dispersion and length, so that a larger stretching multiple cannot be realized, and the stretching multiple cannot be changed after the system is fixed; the photon time-interleaved analog-to-digital converter requires the use of a plurality of electronic analog-to-digital converters, which makes both the optical and electronic systems complicated. Meanwhile, because of the limitation of the two disclosed photon analog-to-digital converter principles, an intensity detection type photon link is adopted, and the type of photon link has the advantage of simple structure, but the system sensitivity is lower than that of a coherent detection type photon link.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides an intensity detection type time-interleaved sampling analog-to-digital converter based on photon radio frequency storage, which aims to overcome the sampling speed and precision bottleneck of an electronic system by using the advantages of high speed and large bandwidth of a photon technology and the advantages of fineness and flexibility of the electronic technology through a simple system structure and simultaneously solve the defects that the stretching coefficient of the current photon limited time stretching analog-to-digital converter is limited and can not be changed.
The specific technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
an intensity detection type time-interleaved sampling analog-to-digital converter based on photon radio frequency storage comprises a signal receiving module, a radio frequency storage module and a detection quantization module;
the signal receiving module is used for receiving an external high-frequency broadband signal and loading the external high-frequency broadband signal on an optical signal so as to generate an original optical pulse; the radio frequency storage module is used for receiving the original light pulse and converting one original light pulse into a plurality of delayed light pulse sequences; the detection quantization module receives a plurality of delay optical pulse sequences in sequence according to sampling time intervals and converts the delay optical pulse sequences into electric signals;
at the same time, the duration of the original light pulse is set to TP(ii) a The duration of each delayed light pulse in the delayed light pulse sequence in the radio frequency storage module is To(ii) a The sampling time interval of the detection quantization module is TEThe three conditions need to satisfy the following conditions: t isP＜To＜TE。
Further, the radio frequency storage module comprises an optical coupler, a first optical switch, a second optical switch, an optical amplifier and N delay optical fibers; n is more than or equal to 1
The optical coupler is a 4-port coupler of the 2X2 type;
the first optical switch has an input port and N output ports;
the second optical switch has N input ports and an output port;
the 1 st port of the optical coupler is used for receiving the original optical pulse output by the signal receiving module, the original optical pulse enters through the 1 st port of the optical coupler and then is divided into two paths, and the two paths of original optical pulse are respectively output from the 2 nd port of the optical coupler and the 4 th port of the optical coupler;
the 2 nd port of the optical coupler is used as the total output port of the radio frequency storage module and is connected with the detection quantization module to realize sampling;
the 4 th port of the optical coupler is connected with the input port of the first optical switch;
the N output ports of the first optical switch and the N input ports of the second optical switch are in one-to-one correspondence and are respectively communicated through N delay optical fibers, so that N optical transmission channels are formed;
the output port of the second optical switch is connected to the 3 rd port of the optical coupler through the optical amplifier.
Further, the detection quantization module comprises a photoelectric detector and an electronic analog-to-digital converter; the input end of the photoelectric detector is connected with the No. 2 port of the optical coupler, and the input end of the photoelectric detector is connected with the electronic analog-to-digital converter.
Further, the signal receiving module comprises a laser, an antenna and an electro-optical modulator; the output end of the laser is connected with the optical input end of the electro-optical modulator, and the antenna is connected with the radio frequency input end of the electro-optical modulator; the electro-optical modulator works at a linear Q bias point, and a high-frequency broadband signal received by the antenna is loaded on an optical signal output by the laser through an intensity modulation mode of the electro-optical modulator to form an original optical pulse signal.
Further, in the N optical transmission channels, the lengths of the N delay optical fibers are increased in an increasing manner, so as to meet the requirement of processing original optical pulses with different lengths.
Furthermore, the sampling frequency of the electronic analog-to-digital converter is adjustable so as to meet the requirement of equivalent sampling frequency.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. compared with an electronic single analog-digital converter time-interleaved sampling method, the method has the capability of collecting single non-repetitive frequency microwave pulses by adopting a photon radio frequency storage mode; compared with the time interleaving sampling method of the electronic multi-modulus digital converter, the system structure is greatly simplified.
2. The invention realizes the capability of processing various pulse lengths by switching and selecting different time delay optical fibers.
3. The invention realizes flexible equivalent sampling frequency switching capability by adjusting the sampling time interval of the electronic analog-to-digital converter.
4. Compared with a photon coherent detection mode, the intensity detection system is simpler, is easy to control and has lower cost.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a diagram of the waveform effect of time interleaved sampling using the present invention.
The reference numbers are as follows:
10-a signal receiving module, 20-a radio frequency storage module and 30-a detection quantification module.
Detailed Description
In order to make the aforementioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention comprehensible, specific embodiments accompanied with figures are described in detail below, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are a part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without making creative efforts based on the embodiments of the present invention, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present invention, but the present invention may be practiced in other ways than those specifically described and will be readily apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art without departing from the spirit of the present invention, and therefore the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.
Also in the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "first, second or third" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
The terms "mounted, connected and connected" in the present invention are to be understood broadly, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, for example: can be fixedly connected, detachably connected or integrally connected: they may be mechanically, electrically, or directly connected, or indirectly connected through intervening media, or may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.
The photon radio frequency storage technology is characterized in that a radio frequency signal is transferred to an optical signal, and the speed and the bandwidth can far exceed those of digital radio frequency storage by utilizing the advantages of large bandwidth and low loss of an optical fiber, and based on the advantages, the invention provides an intensity detection type time-interleaved sampling analog-to-digital converter based on photon radio frequency storage, which has the following implementation principle: the device comprises a signal receiving module 10, a radio frequency storage module 20 and a detection quantization module 30;
the signal receiving module 10 is configured to receive an external high-frequency broadband signal and load the external high-frequency broadband signal onto an optical signal, so as to generate an original optical pulse; the radio frequency storage module 20 is configured to receive an original optical pulse and convert the original optical pulse into a plurality of delayed optical pulse sequences; the detection quantization module 30 receives a plurality of delay optical pulse sequences in sequence according to the sampling time interval and converts the delay optical pulse sequences into electrical signals, thereby implementing digital-to-analog conversion of the signals.
On the basis of the above principle, fig. 1 provides a specific implementation structure of the present invention, and the converter includes a signal receiving module, a radio frequency storage module and a detection quantization module;
the signal receiving module 10 comprises a laser LD, an electro-optical modulator MZM and a receiving Antenna;
the radio frequency storage module 20 comprises an optical coupler OC, a first optical Switch1, a second optical Switch2, N delay fibers and an optical amplifier EDFA;
wherein the optical coupler is a 4-port coupler of the 2X2 type; the first optical switch has an input port and N output ports; the second optical switch has N input ports and an output port;
the detection quantization module 30 comprises a photoelectric detector PD and an electronic analog-to-digital converter ADC;
in the signal receiving module 10, the output end of the laser LD is connected with the optical input end of the electro-optical modulator MZM, and the receiving Antenna is connected with the radio frequency input end of the electro-optical modulator MZM; the electro-optical modulator MZM works at a linear Q bias point, a high-frequency broadband signal received by a receiving Antenna is loaded on an optical signal output by the laser LD through the intensity modulation mode of the electro-optical modulator MZM, and an original optical pulse signal with high speed and broadband is formed;
in the radio frequency memory module 20, the 1 st port of the optical coupler OC is connected with the optical output end of the electro-optical modulator MZM to receive the transmitted original optical pulse signal;
an original optical pulse signal enters from a 1 st port of the optical coupler OC and then is divided into two paths, and the two paths are respectively output from a 2 nd port and a 4 th port of the optical coupler OC;
the 2 nd port of the optical coupler OC is connected with the optical input end of the photoelectric detector PD, the optical signal output from the 2 nd port of the optical coupler OC is converted into an electric signal pulse through the photoelectric detector PD, and the electric pulse realizes the first sampling through the electronic analog-to-digital converter ADC;
the 4 th port of the optical coupler OC is connected with the input port of the first optical switch;
the N output ports of the first optical Switch1 and the N input ports of the second optical Switch2 are in one-to-one correspondence, and are respectively communicated through N delay fibers, so as to form N optical transmission channels, and it should be noted that: in N optical transmission channels, the length of N delay optical fibers is increased progressively, and the delay optical fibers with different lengths have the following two functions: firstly, different signal delays can be realized due to different lengths; secondly, the different lengths can be suitable for the original light pulses with different wavelengths;
the output end of the 2 nd optical Switch2 is connected with the input end of an optical amplifier EDFA, so that the amplification of optical signals is realized in the optical amplifier EDFA, and the insertion loss and the transmission loss of a link are compensated;
the output end of the optical amplifier EDFA is connected with a 3 rd port of the optical coupler, an optical signal entering from the 3 rd port of the optical coupler is divided into two paths again and is output from a 2 nd port and a 4 th port of the optical coupler respectively, in the process, the optical signal output from the 2 nd port of the optical coupler is converted into a 2 nd electrical signal pulse through the photoelectric detector, and the 2 nd sampling of the electrical pulse is realized through the electronic analog-to-digital converter; the signal output from the 4 th port of the optical coupler is continuously circulated through the first optical Switch1, the delay fiber, the second optical Switch2, the optical amplifier EDFA and the optical coupler OC.
Each time of circulation passes through the photoelectric detector to form a primary electric pulse, and the electric pulse passes through the electronic analog-to-digital converter to realize primary sampling;
as shown in fig. 2, the original optical pulse is a pulse signal, and is converted into a plurality of identical delay pulse sequences by the radio frequency storage module, so as to realize the replication of the pulse signal. Wherein, TPThe duration of a single original light pulse; and T. The time length required for each delay pulse in the delay pulse sequence to pass through a link of a 4 th port of the optical coupler, the first optical switch, the delay optical fiber, the second optical switch, the optical amplifier and a 2 nd port of the optical coupler; t isEIs the sampling time interval of the electronic analog-to-digital converter;
and the above three time parameters need to satisfy the following relations:
TP＜TO＜TE
that is, the pulse sequence of the photodetector reaches the electronic analog-to-digital converter every TEAnd carrying out primary sampling quantification, and finally outputting a system sampling waveform which is a pulse signal waveform subjected to time-interleaved sampling, wherein the outline is consistent with the original waveform.
The invention can utilize the sampling frequency of 1/TEThe electronic analog-to-digital converter equivalently realizes 1/(T)E-T0) The sampling speed of (2). Different pulse lengths and equivalent sampling frequencies can be realized by adjusting the length of the delay optical fiber and/or the sampling frequency of the electronic analog-to-digital converter. For example, if T0＝99.9ns，TE100ns, then a signal sampling of 10GSa/s can be equivalently achieved for microwave signals in the 0-5GHz range at a sampling rate of 10MSa/s, according to the nyquist sampling theorem.
In summary, the strength detection type time-interleaved sampling analog-to-digital converter based on photon radio frequency storage provided by the invention utilizes the advantages of high speed and large bandwidth of a photon technology and the advantages of fineness and flexibility of an electronic technology, overcomes the bottleneck of sampling speed and precision of an electronic system and the defects that the stretching coefficient of the current photon limited time stretching analog-to-digital converter is limited and can not be changed, realizes the analog-to-digital conversion with high speed and high precision and flexibly switchable sampling frequency, and has an important application scene in the fields of radar and communication.
Claims (6)
1. An intensity detection type time-interleaved sampling analog-to-digital converter based on photon radio frequency storage is characterized in that: the device comprises a signal receiving module, a radio frequency storage module and a detection quantization module;
the signal receiving module is used for receiving an external high-frequency broadband signal and loading the external high-frequency broadband signal on an optical signal so as to generate an original optical pulse;
the radio frequency storage module is used for receiving the original light pulse and converting one original light pulse into a plurality of delayed light pulse sequences; the detection quantization module receives a plurality of delay optical pulse sequences in sequence according to sampling time intervals and converts the delay optical pulse sequences into electric signals;
at the same time, the duration of the original light pulse is set to TP(ii) a The duration of each delayed light pulse in the delayed light pulse sequence in the radio frequency storage module is To(ii) a The sampling time interval of the detection quantization module is TEThe three conditions need to satisfy the following conditions: t isP＜To＜TE。
2. The intensity detection type time-interleaved sampling analog-to-digital converter based on photon radio frequency storage according to claim 1, characterized in that: the radio frequency storage module comprises an optical coupler, a first optical switch, a second optical switch, an optical amplifier and N delay optical fibers; n is more than or equal to 1
The optical coupler is a 4-port coupler of the 2X2 type;
the first optical switch has an input port and N output ports;
the second optical switch has N input ports and an output port;
the 1 st port of the optical coupler is used for receiving the original optical pulse output by the signal receiving module, the original optical pulse enters through the 1 st port of the optical coupler and then is divided into two paths, and the two paths of original optical pulse are respectively output from the 2 nd port of the optical coupler and the 4 th port of the optical coupler;
the 2 nd port of the optical coupler is used as the total output port of the radio frequency storage module and is connected with the detection quantization module to realize sampling;
the 4 th port of the optical coupler is connected with the input port of the first optical switch;
the N output ports of the first optical switch and the N input ports of the second optical switch are in one-to-one correspondence and are respectively communicated through N delay optical fibers, so that N optical transmission channels are formed;
the output port of the second optical switch is connected to the 3 rd port of the optical coupler through the optical amplifier.
3. The intensity detection type time-interleaved sampling analog-to-digital converter based on photon radio frequency storage according to claim 2, characterized in that: the detection quantization module comprises a photoelectric detector and an electronic analog-to-digital converter; the input end of the photoelectric detector is connected with the No. 2 port of the optical coupler, and the input end of the photoelectric detector is connected with the electronic analog-to-digital converter.
4. The intensity detection type time-interleaved sampling analog-to-digital converter based on photon radio frequency storage according to claim 3, characterized in that: the signal receiving module comprises a laser, an antenna and an electro-optical modulator; the output end of the laser is connected with the optical input end of the electro-optical modulator, and the antenna is connected with the radio frequency input end of the electro-optical modulator; the electro-optical modulator works at a linear Q bias point, and a high-frequency broadband signal received by the antenna is loaded on an optical signal output by the laser through an intensity modulation mode of the electro-optical modulator to form an original optical pulse signal.
5. The intensity detection type time-interleaved sampling analog-to-digital converter based on photon radio frequency storage according to claim 4, characterized in that: in the N optical transmission channels, the lengths of N delay optical fibers are increased progressively.
6. The intensity detection type time-interleaved sampling analog-to-digital converter based on photon radio frequency storage according to claim 5, characterized in that: the sampling frequency of the electronic analog-to-digital converter can be adjusted.
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