CN114094136A - Buffer diffusion steam-water separator, laboratory and fuel cell tail gas discharge device - Google Patents
Buffer diffusion steam-water separator, laboratory and fuel cell tail gas discharge device Download PDFInfo
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- CN114094136A CN114094136A CN202010621240.9A CN202010621240A CN114094136A CN 114094136 A CN114094136 A CN 114094136A CN 202010621240 A CN202010621240 A CN 202010621240A CN 114094136 A CN114094136 A CN 114094136A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04082—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration
- H01M8/04089—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants
- H01M8/04119—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants with simultaneous supply or evacuation of electrolyte; Humidifying or dehumidifying
- H01M8/04156—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants with simultaneous supply or evacuation of electrolyte; Humidifying or dehumidifying with product water removal
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
- B60K13/00—Arrangement in connection with combustion air intake or gas exhaust of propulsion units
- B60K13/04—Arrangement in connection with combustion air intake or gas exhaust of propulsion units concerning exhaust
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04082—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration
- H01M8/04089—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants
- H01M8/04119—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants with simultaneous supply or evacuation of electrolyte; Humidifying or dehumidifying
- H01M8/04156—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants with simultaneous supply or evacuation of electrolyte; Humidifying or dehumidifying with product water removal
- H01M8/04164—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants with simultaneous supply or evacuation of electrolyte; Humidifying or dehumidifying with product water removal by condensers, gas-liquid separators or filters
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04298—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems
- H01M8/04313—Processes for controlling fuel cells or fuel cell systems characterised by the detection or assessment of variables; characterised by the detection or assessment of failure or abnormal function
- H01M8/0438—Pressure; Ambient pressure; Flow
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
Abstract
The invention discloses a buffer diffusion steam-water separator, a laboratory and a fuel cell tail gas discharge device, and relates to the technical field of fuel cells. The buffer diffusion steam-water separator can be applied to a laboratory tail gas discharge device and a fuel cell tail gas discharge device, buffer diffusion and steam-water separation of tail gas (containing hydrogen discharged by pulse Purge) and newly-added air are realized by arranging the baffle plates in the shell, the diffusion diluter and the steam-water separator are integrated together, the structure integration is simplified, the size is greatly reduced, a cooling water system is cancelled, and the investment and the running cost of equipment are greatly reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of fuel cells, in particular to a buffer diffusion steam-water separator, a test room and a fuel cell tail gas discharge device.
Background
Compared with a fuel oil automobile, the hydrogen fuel cell electric automobile has the advantages of zero emission, no pollution, high efficiency, energy conservation and low noise, and compared with the traditional electric automobile, the hydrogen fuel cell electric automobile has the advantages of long driving range, quick hydrogenation and obvious advantages. The hydrogen fuel cell is characterized in that hydrogen chemically reacts with oxygen under the action of a catalyst to generate water, and chemical energy is directly converted into electric energy to be used as a main power source of the hydrogen fuel cell electric automobile. In a fuel cell system, a large part of hydrogen entering a galvanic pile does not participate in oxyhydrogen chemical reaction, and in order to improve the utilization rate of the hydrogen, the part of the hydrogen enters an ejector in front of an anode inlet of the galvanic pile through a circulation loop under the action of the ejector and a hydrogen circulating pump, is mixed with the hydrogen discharged by a hydrogen storage tank and then enters the galvanic pile; along with the running time continuation, hydrogen in the anode of the galvanic pile can not avoid entering or generating impurities, and meanwhile, water is blocked in the galvanic pile on the anode side due to reasons of humidifying and condensing of hydrogen gas inlet, water permeation generated by cathode chemical reaction, outlet capillary action suck-back and the like, so that the performance of the galvanic pile is influenced.
At present, excessive moisture, also called Purge, is generally brought out by periodically discharging hydrogen gas and using pressure hydrogen discharge, thereby bringing about a problem of sudden increase in hydrogen concentration in the exhaust gas. In addition, when hydrogen in a hydrogen storage bottle or a hydrogen pipeline of the hydrogen fuel battery electric vehicle is in over-temperature and over-pressure (the hydrogen pressure is greater than a set standard), the hydrogen pressure release valve can be automatically opened to ensure the system safety. When the pressure relief valve is opened, high purity hydrogen gas is discharged. The safety risk of hydrogen fire or explosion may occur when the hydrogen is discharged at high concentration, and in conclusion, the discharged tail gas of a fuel cell system, a test laboratory, a vehicle and the test laboratory cannot be directly discharged into the atmosphere, and the tail gas needs to be treated and is discharged after meeting the standard.
As shown in fig. 4, in the existing laboratory tail gas emission technology, a diffusion diluter 27 is generally adopted to mix the emitted tail gas with fresh air to reduce the possible excessive hydrogen concentration, and then a heat exchange steam-water separator 28 is used to realize the respective emission of liquid water and mixed gas. The tail gas discharged by the fuel cell system or the vehicle enters the diffusion diluter 27 through the rubber hose 30 and the tail gas inlet, the fresh air provided by the test chamber compressed air also enters the diffusion diluter 27 through the pipeline and the compressed air inlet, and the two gases are immediately buffered, diffused and mixed after entering, so that the hydrogen concentration is reduced.
The mixed gas comes out from the diffusion diluter 27 and then enters the heat exchange steam-water separator 28, a hydrogen sensor 10 ' is installed on a pipeline connected between the diffusion diluter 27 and the heat exchange steam-water separator 28 to monitor the hydrogen concentration in real time, a signal of the hydrogen sensor 10 ' is output to a compressed air pipeline electromagnetic valve 11 ', when the hydrogen sensor 10 ' concentration is higher than a limit value, the opening degree of the compressed air pipeline electromagnetic valve 11 ' is increased, the flow of fresh air for dilution is increased, and the hydrogen concentration in the mixed gas is reduced until the hydrogen concentration is lower than the limit value. The diluted mixed gas is subjected to heat exchange and cooling in the heat exchange steam-water separator 28 through a cooling water system, so that steam-water separation is realized. The mixed gas after steam-water separation enters an explosion-proof fan 14 'on the roof of the test room through a flame arrester 13' and then is discharged to the outdoor atmosphere, so that the safety of the test room is guaranteed. The liquid water cooled and separated by the mixed gas is deposited at the bottom of the heat exchange steam-water separator 28, and the redundant water is discharged by opening the drain valve 29 at regular time.
The existing tail gas emission device has the disadvantages of complex structure, large volume and high manufacturing cost. The exhausted tail gas and the compressed air are buffered, diffused and diluted in the diffusion diluter 27 and then enter the heat exchange steam-water separator 28 for steam-water separation, so that the investment and operation cost is high. In the traditional scheme, a cabinet type semi-closed device is not good in heat dissipation, in addition, the temperature of tail gas discharged by a fuel cell electric vehicle is about 70-80 ℃, in order to realize steam-water separation, a steam-water separator (a tube pass or a plate heat exchanger) is added, a cooling water system is required to be added to realize cooling, the manufacturing cost is further increased, and meanwhile, the energy consumption, the investment of the device and the operation cost are also increased.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides a buffer diffusion steam-water separator, a laboratory and a fuel cell tail gas discharge device, which has the advantages of simplified structure integration, greatly reduced volume and reduced equipment investment and operation cost.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following scheme:
the invention provides a buffer diffusion steam-water separator which comprises a shell, a gas inlet, a mixed gas outlet, a plurality of baffle plates and a plurality of rib reinforcing plates, wherein the gas inlet and the mixed gas outlet are respectively arranged at two ends of the shell; and the rib reinforcing plate is fixed on each baffle plate, the side surface of the rib reinforcing plate is fixed on the inner wall of the shell, and the rib reinforcing plate is arranged on one side far away from the gas inlet.
The invention also provides a laboratory tail gas discharge device which comprises a buffer diffusion steam-water separator, a compressed air conveying pipe, a compressed air pipeline electromagnetic valve, a gas output pipe, a hydrogen sensor and a controller, wherein the shell is vertically arranged, the mixed gas outlet is positioned at the top of the shell, the gas output pipe is connected with the mixed gas outlet, the hydrogen sensor is arranged at the mixed gas outlet, the gas inlet comprises a compressed air inlet and a tail gas inlet which are positioned at the bottom of the shell, the compressed air conveying pipe is connected with the compressed air inlet, the compressed air pipeline electromagnetic valve is arranged on the compressed air conveying pipe, and the hydrogen sensor and the compressed air pipeline electromagnetic valve are both connected with the controller.
Preferably, the water level sensor and the drain pipe are arranged at the bottom of the shell, a drain electromagnetic valve is arranged on the drain pipe, the liquid level sensor is arranged at the lower part of the inner wall of the shell, and the liquid level sensor and the drain electromagnetic valve are connected with the controller.
Preferably, the exhaust gas purification device further comprises a metal corrugated pipe, wherein one end of the metal corrugated pipe is used for introducing exhaust gas, and the other end of the metal corrugated pipe is connected with the exhaust gas inlet.
Preferably, still include spark arrester and explosion-proof fan, the gas output pipe passes the laboratory roof and stretches to the laboratory outside, the spark arrester with explosion-proof fan all set up in on the gas output pipe and be located the laboratory roof outside.
The invention also provides a fuel cell tail gas discharge device, which comprises a buffer diffusion steam-water separator, a fuel cell system, a hydrogen concentration sensor, a silencer and a vehicle control unit, wherein the shell is horizontally arranged, the hydrogen concentration sensor is arranged on the mixed gas outlet, the silencer is arranged on the inner side of the gas inlet, the fuel cell system comprises a hydrogen fuel cell anode, a hydrogen fuel cell cathode, a first anode pipeline, a second anode pipeline, a third anode pipeline, a pressure reducing valve, a hydrogen supply electromagnetic valve, a hydrogen ejector, a hydrogen circulating pump, a hydrogen exhaust electromagnetic valve, a first cathode pipeline, a second cathode pipeline, a third cathode pipeline, an air compressor, an intercooler and a three-way electromagnetic valve, one end of the first anode pipeline is connected with the inlet of the hydrogen fuel cell anode, and the other end of the first anode pipeline is used for being connected with the hydrogen storage system, the pressure reducing valve, the hydrogen supply solenoid valve and the hydrogen injector are sequentially arranged on the first anode pipeline from outside to inside, two ends of the second anode pipeline are respectively connected with the outlet of the anode of the hydrogen fuel cell and the first anode pipeline, the second anode pipeline is arranged between the hydrogen supply solenoid valve and the hydrogen injector, the hydrogen circulating pump is arranged on the second anode pipeline, two ends of the third anode pipeline are respectively connected with the outlet of the anode of the hydrogen fuel cell and the gas inlet, the hydrogen discharge solenoid valve is arranged on the third anode pipeline, the first cathode pipeline is connected with the inlet of the cathode of the hydrogen fuel cell, the air compressor, the intercooler and the three-way solenoid valve are sequentially arranged on the first cathode pipeline from outside to inside, and the other port of the three-way solenoid valve is connected with one end of the second cathode pipeline, the other end of the second cathode pipeline is connected with the gas inlet, the two ends of the third cathode pipeline are respectively connected with the outlet of the hydrogen fuel cell cathode and the second cathode pipeline, and the hydrogen concentration sensor, the hydrogen supply electromagnetic valve and the three-way electromagnetic valve are all connected with the vehicle control unit.
Preferably, a plurality of silencing holes are arranged on the baffle plate.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following technical effects:
the buffer diffusion steam-water separator comprises a shell, a gas inlet, a mixed gas outlet, a plurality of baffle plates and a plurality of rib reinforcing plates, wherein the baffle plates are arranged on the inner wall of the shell in a staggered mode, the gas flowing direction is perpendicular to the baffle plates, the gas inlet is used for introducing compressed gas and tail gas, the rib reinforcing plates are fixed on the baffle plates, the rib reinforcing plates are arranged on the baffle plates to reinforce the baffle plates, and the impact resistance strength of the baffle plates is improved. The buffer diffusion steam-water separator can be applied to a laboratory tail gas discharge device and a fuel cell system tail gas discharge device, buffer diffusion and steam-water separation of Purge hydrogen and newly-added air are realized by arranging the baffle plates in the shell, the diffusion diluter and the steam-water separator are integrated together, the structure integration is simplified, the size is greatly reduced, a cooling water system is cancelled, and the investment and the running cost of equipment are greatly reduced.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required to be used in the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art that other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a laboratory tail gas discharge device provided by the invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a buffer diffusion steam-water separator in a tail gas exhaust device of a fuel cell system provided by the invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a tail gas exhaust device of a fuel cell system according to the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a laboratory tail gas exhaust device in the prior art.
Description of reference numerals: 1-a shell; 2-baffle plate; 3-a rib stiffener; 4-a gas inlet; 5-mixed gas outlet; 6-compressed air inlet; 7-tail gas inlet; 8-a liquid level sensor; 9-a water discharge electromagnetic valve; 10. 10' -a hydrogen sensor; 11. 11' -compressed air conduit solenoid valve; 12-a metal bellows; 13. 13' -a flame arrester; 14. 14' -an explosion-proof fan; 15-hydrogen concentration sensor; 16-a muffler; 17-a hydrogen fuel cell anode; an 18-hydrogen fuel cell cathode; 19-a pressure relief valve; 20-hydrogen supply electromagnetic valve; 21-a hydrogen injector; 22-hydrogen circulation pump; 23-a hydrogen discharge solenoid valve; 24-three-way solenoid valve; 25-an intercooler; 26-an air compressor; 27-a diffusion diluter; 28-heat exchange steam-water separator; 29-a drain valve; 30-rubber hose.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The invention aims to provide a buffer diffusion steam-water separator, a laboratory and a fuel cell tail gas discharge device, which has the advantages of simplified structure integration, greatly reduced volume and reduced equipment investment and operation cost.
In order to make the aforementioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention comprehensible, embodiments accompanied with figures are described in further detail below.
The first embodiment is as follows:
as shown in fig. 1, the present embodiment provides a buffer diffusion steam-water separator, which includes a housing 1, a gas inlet 4, a mixed gas outlet 5, a plurality of baffle plates 2 and a plurality of rib reinforcing plates 3, wherein the gas inlet 4 and the mixed gas outlet 5 are respectively disposed at two ends of the housing 1, the plurality of baffle plates 2 are disposed on an inner wall of the housing 1 in a staggered manner, a gas flowing direction is perpendicular to the baffle plates 2, and the gas inlet 4 is used for introducing compressed gas and tail gas. Compressed gas and tail gas are bent along baffle plate 2 after entering casing 1, increase gaseous motion path, have promoted gaseous dwell time for tail gas obtains diluting fully, and high concentration tail hydrogen discharge can high-efficient buffering diffusion through baffle plate 2, realizes steam-water separation simultaneously. The buffering diffusion steam-water separator in the embodiment integrates the diffusion diluting function and the steam-water separating function, the structure is integrated and simplified, the size is greatly reduced, a cooling water system is omitted, and the investment and the running cost of equipment are greatly reduced.
Specifically, each baffle plate 2 is fixed with a rib reinforcing plate 3, the side surface of the rib reinforcing plate 3 is fixed on the side wall of the shell 1, and the rib reinforcing plate 3 is arranged on the side far away from the gas inlet 4. The baffle plate 2 is reinforced by arranging the rib reinforcing plate 3, so that the impact resistance of the baffle plate 2 is improved.
In this embodiment, the casing 1 includes the first hemisphere lid, middle part drum and the second hemisphere lid that connect gradually, and the mist outlet 5 sets up on the first hemisphere lid, and gas inlet 4 sets up on the second hemisphere lid, and baffling board 2 sets up on the inner wall of middle part drum, and a plurality of baffling boards 2 are along the even staggered distribution of axial of middle part drum. The case 1 in this embodiment is a stainless steel case.
Example two:
as shown in fig. 1, the embodiment provides a laboratory tail gas discharging equipment, including buffering diffusion catch water, the compressed air conveyer pipe, compressed air pipeline solenoid valve 11, the gas output pipe, hydrogen sensor 10 and controller, 1 vertical setting of casing, mixed gas outlet 5 is located 1 top of casing, gas output pipe and mixed gas outlet 5 are connected, hydrogen sensor 10 sets up in mixed gas outlet 5 department, gas inlet 4 is including compressed air entry 6 and the tail gas entry 7 that is located 1 bottom of casing, the compressed air conveyer pipe is connected with compressed air entry 6, compressed air pipeline solenoid valve 11 sets up on the compressed air conveyer pipe, hydrogen sensor 10 and compressed air pipeline solenoid valve 11 all are connected with the controller. The hydrogen sensor 10 is used for monitoring the hydrogen concentration in the exhausted tail gas in real time, and the signal is interlocked with the opening of the electromagnetic valve 11 of the compressed air pipeline, so that the newly increased air flow entering the buffer diffusion steam-water separator is automatically controlled, and the hydrogen concentration at the tail gas outlet position of the device is ensured to be discharged up to the standard.
Still include level sensor 8 in this embodiment and set up in the drain pipe of casing 1 bottom, be provided with drainage solenoid valve 9 on the drain pipe, level sensor 8 sets up in the lower part of casing 1 inner wall, and level sensor 8 and drainage solenoid valve 9 all are connected with the controller. Drainage solenoid valve 9 is chain with level sensor 8, when realizing that liquid water reaches a certain suitable high liquid level in the casing 1, and drainage solenoid valve 9 is automatic to be opened and to realize the drainage, and when the drainage reached a certain suitable low liquid level, drainage solenoid valve 9 self-closing, and then avoid inside mist to leak to the laboratory through drainage solenoid valve 9, further ensure laboratory safety. In this embodiment, the water is automatically drained when the liquid water level in the housing 1 reaches 35% of the height of the housing 1, and the drain solenoid valve 9 is closed when the water level reaches 15% of the height of the housing 1.
The exhaust gas purification device further comprises a metal corrugated pipe 12, wherein one end of the metal corrugated pipe 12 is used for introducing exhaust gas, and the other end of the metal corrugated pipe 12 is connected with the exhaust gas inlet 7. The metal bellows 12 is advantageous for cooling the high-temperature exhaust gas on the one hand and can eliminate the electrostatic safety hazard on the other hand.
The experiment room further comprises a flame arrester 13 and an explosion-proof fan 14, the gas output pipe penetrates through the roof of the experiment room and extends to the outside of the experiment room, and the flame arrester 13 and the explosion-proof fan 14 are both arranged on the gas output pipe and are located outside the roof of the experiment room. The flame arrester 13 is the safe redundant design, in case the potential safety hazard of appearing naked light is eliminated when the tail gas exceeds standard and discharges. The explosion-proof fan 14 makes the system be in the negative pressure state all the time, guarantees that tail gas can not reveal in the laboratory.
The laboratory tail gas discharging device in the embodiment adopts a fully-exposed and vertical form to increase the heat dissipation effect and the steam-water separation effect, and a large-caliber stainless steel corrugated pipe is selected from a tail gas outlet of a fuel cell system or a fuel cell electric vehicle to a tail gas inlet 7 of the shell 1 to further increase the heat dissipation effect. The buffer diffusion steam-water separator in the embodiment is directly communicated to the explosion-proof fan 14 on the roof of the laboratory through the large-diameter stainless steel pipeline, so that the number of bends is reduced as much as possible, and condensed water automatically flows back to the buffer diffusion steam-water separator.
The specific working process is as follows: tail gas discharged by a fuel cell system or a vehicle enters the buffer diffusion steam-water separator through the metal corrugated pipe 12 and the tail gas inlet 7, fresh air provided by test chamber compressed air enters the buffer diffusion steam-water separator through the compressed air inlet 6 at the same time, and the two gases are immediately buffered, diffused and mixed after entering, so that the hydrogen concentration is reduced. Based on that the temperature of a fuel cell system or a vehicle tail gas outlet is about 80 ℃, and the tail gas outlet contains a large amount of gaseous water and a small amount of liquid water, the gaseous water and the liquid water enter the buffer diffusion steam-water separator and then are separated by the internal baffle plate 2 and the system after being cooled.
The mixed gas comes out through mixed gas outlet 5, monitors the hydrogen concentration in real time through hydrogen sensor 10, and hydrogen sensor 10 signal output to the controller, and when hydrogen sensor 10 concentration was higher than the limit value, the controller control compressed air pipeline solenoid valve 11 aperture was increaseed, increases the fresh air flow of diluting usefulness, reduces the hydrogen concentration in the gas after the mixture and is less than the limit value. Specifically, GB/T24588-2009 requires "no more than 75% of LET outside the vehicle (i.e. 3% Vol)", and global technical regulation for hydrogen fuel cell vehicles GTR13 requires "average concentration less than 4% Vol in any 3 seconds, no more than 8% Vol at any time". The mixed gas after steam-water separation is discharged from the mixed gas outlet 5, enters an explosion-proof fan 14 on the roof of the laboratory through a flame arrester 13 and is discharged to the outdoor atmosphere.
Liquid water separated and deposited into the buffer diffusion steam-water separator is controlled by a liquid level sensor 8 to drain a water solenoid valve 9, so that liquid water with proper height is reserved in the device. When the device was out of service, the drainage solenoid valve 9 of buffering diffusion catch water bottom was normally opened, and the guarantee is inside can not deposit water, avoids the device to freeze under the environment winter.
Example three:
as shown in fig. 2 and fig. 3, the present embodiment provides a fuel cell exhaust emission device, which includes a buffer diffusion steam-water separator, a fuel cell system, a hydrogen concentration sensor 15, a muffler 16, and a vehicle controller, wherein the housing 1 is horizontally disposed, the hydrogen concentration sensor 15 is disposed on the mixed gas outlet 5, the muffler 16 is disposed on the inner side of the gas inlet 4, and the muffler 16 in this embodiment is a long and short tubular muffler. In order to further enhance the noise elimination effect, a plurality of noise elimination holes are arranged on the baffle plate 2. The fuel cell exhaust emission device in this embodiment refers to an exhaust emission device of a fuel cell system or a vehicle, that is, a device when the buffer diffusion moisture separator is applied to a vehicle.
The fuel cell system comprises a hydrogen fuel cell anode 17, a hydrogen fuel cell cathode 18, a first anode pipeline, a second anode pipeline, a third anode pipeline, a pressure reducing valve 19, a hydrogen supply electromagnetic valve 20, a hydrogen ejector 21, a hydrogen circulating pump 22, a hydrogen discharge electromagnetic valve 23, a first cathode pipeline, a second cathode pipeline, a third cathode pipeline, an air compressor 26, an intercooler 25 and a three-way electromagnetic valve 24, wherein one end of the first anode pipeline is connected with an inlet of the hydrogen fuel cell anode 17, the other end of the first anode pipeline is connected with the hydrogen storage system, the pressure reducing valve 19, the hydrogen supply electromagnetic valve 20 and the hydrogen ejector 21 are sequentially arranged on the first anode pipeline from outside to inside, two ends of the second anode pipeline are respectively connected with an outlet of the hydrogen fuel cell anode 17 and the first anode pipeline, the second anode pipeline is arranged between the hydrogen supply electromagnetic valve 20 and the hydrogen ejector 21, the hydrogen circulating pump 22 is arranged on the second anode pipeline, the two ends of the third anode pipeline are respectively connected with the outlet of the hydrogen fuel cell anode 17 and the gas inlet 4, the hydrogen discharge electromagnetic valve 23 is arranged on the third anode pipeline, the first cathode pipeline is connected with the inlet of the hydrogen fuel cell cathode 18, the air compressor 26, the intercooler 25 and the three-way electromagnetic valve 24 are sequentially arranged on the first cathode pipeline from outside to inside, the other port of the three-way electromagnetic valve 24 is connected with one end of the second cathode pipeline, the other end of the second cathode pipeline is connected with the gas inlet 4, the two ends of the third cathode pipeline are respectively connected with the outlet of the hydrogen fuel cell cathode 18 and the second cathode pipeline, and the hydrogen concentration sensor 15, the hydrogen supply electromagnetic valve 20 and the three-way electromagnetic valve 24 are all connected with the whole vehicle controller.
The specific working process is as follows: the pressure of high-pressure hydrogen of a hydrogen storage system of a hydrogen fuel cell electric automobile is reduced to 1.4 Bar-1.6 Bar (the pressure meets the pressure requirement of hydrogen inlet of a galvanic pile) through a pressure reducing valve 19. In order to improve the efficiency of the electric pile, excessive hydrogen needs to be supplied; in order to improve the activity of the proton membrane electrode of the electric pile, the supplied excessive hydrogen needs to be humidified. The excessive and humidified hydrogen enters the hydrogen fuel cell anode 17 from the inlet of the hydrogen fuel cell anode 17 through the hydrogen supply electromagnetic valve 20 and the hydrogen injector 21, and chemically reacts with oxygen in the air entering the hydrogen fuel cell cathode 18 under the action of a catalyst on a proton exchange membrane to generate water, and the excessive hydrogen which does not participate in the chemical reaction enters the hydrogen fuel cell anode 17 again from the outlet of the hydrogen fuel cell anode 17 through the hydrogen circulating pump 22, the hydrogen injector 21 and fresh hydrogen; at the moment, the temperature of the outlet position of the anode 17 of the hydrogen fuel cell is about 85 ℃, the hydrogen in the anode 17 of the hydrogen fuel cell can not enter or generate impurities along with the prolonging of the running time of the electric pile, meanwhile, condensed water in a guide groove of the electric pile causes the phenomenon of water blockage, water produced by chemical reaction on a proton exchange membrane causes the phenomenon of water flooding, and the efficiency of the electric pile can be greatly reduced. In order to ensure the electric pushing efficiency, a hydrogen discharge electromagnetic valve 23 connected to the outlet side of the anode 17 of the hydrogen fuel cell is periodically opened in a short time, and the internal hydrogen is discharged together with liquid water and impurity gas, so that the aims of eliminating water blockage and water flooding are fulfilled.
Fresh air enters the hydrogen fuel cell cathode 18 from the inlet of the hydrogen fuel cell cathode 18 through an air compressor 26, an intercooler 25 and a three-way electromagnetic valve 24, oxygen in the fresh air and hydrogen entering the hydrogen fuel cell anode 17 perform chemical reaction on a proton exchange membrane under the action of a catalyst to generate water, about 40-60% of the oxygen participates in the chemical reaction, and the rest of the air is discharged out of the electric pile from the outlet of the hydrogen fuel cell cathode 18.
The gas discharged by the anode 17 of the hydrogen fuel cell enters the buffer diffusion steam-water separator through the gas inlet 4, the gas discharged by the cathode 18 of the hydrogen fuel cell also enters the buffer diffusion steam-water separator through the gas inlet 4, the gas is immediately buffered, diffused and mixed after entering, the hydrogen concentration is reduced, and the mixed gas is discharged into the atmosphere through the mixed gas outlet 5 and the hydrogen concentration sensor 15.
The hydrogen concentration sensor 15 has a signal interlocked with a hydrogen supply solenoid valve 20 on the hydrogen fuel cell anode 17 side and a three-way solenoid valve 24 on the hydrogen fuel cell cathode 18 side. When the hydrogen concentration in the tail gas exceeds a certain lower limit value, the opening of a bypass of the three-way electromagnetic valve 24 is increased, and the air flow entering the buffer diffusion steam-water separator is increased along with the increase of the opening of the bypass to reduce the exceeding hydrogen concentration; when the hydrogen concentration is not reduced and continuously increases to a certain high limit value, the opening of the hydrogen supply electromagnetic valve 20 on the side of the anode 17 of the hydrogen fuel cell is reduced, the hydrogen entering the anode 17 of the hydrogen fuel cell is reduced, the Purge exhaust hydrogen is correspondingly reduced, and the hydrogen concentration in the mixed gas is further reduced until the standard safe discharge is achieved.
The principle and the implementation mode of the present invention are explained by applying specific examples in the present specification, and the above descriptions of the examples are only used to help understanding the method and the core idea of the present invention; also, for those skilled in the art, variations can be made in the embodiments and applications of the invention in light of the above teachings. In view of the above, the present disclosure should not be construed as limiting the invention.
Claims (7)
1. A buffer diffusion steam-water separator is characterized by comprising a shell, a gas inlet, a mixed gas outlet, a plurality of baffle plates and a plurality of rib reinforcing plates, wherein the gas inlet and the mixed gas outlet are respectively arranged at two ends of the shell, the baffle plates are arranged on the inner wall of the shell in a staggered manner, the gas flowing direction is vertical to the baffle plates, and the gas inlet is used for introducing compressed gas and tail gas; and the rib reinforcing plate is fixed on each baffle plate, the side surface of the rib reinforcing plate is fixed on the inner wall of the shell, and the rib reinforcing plate is arranged on one side far away from the gas inlet.
2. A laboratory exhaust emission device, comprising the buffer diffusion steam-water separator as claimed in claim 1, a compressed air delivery pipe, a compressed air pipeline solenoid valve, a gas output pipe, a hydrogen sensor and a controller, wherein the housing is vertically arranged, the mixed gas outlet is located at the top of the housing, the gas output pipe is connected with the mixed gas outlet, the hydrogen sensor is arranged at the mixed gas outlet, the gas inlet comprises a compressed air inlet and an exhaust gas inlet which are located at the bottom of the housing, the compressed air delivery pipe is connected with the compressed air inlet, the compressed air pipeline solenoid valve is arranged on the compressed air delivery pipe, and the hydrogen sensor and the compressed air pipeline solenoid valve are both connected with the controller.
3. The laboratory tail gas discharge device according to claim 2, further comprising a liquid level sensor and a drain pipe arranged at the bottom of the housing, wherein a drain solenoid valve is arranged on the drain pipe, the liquid level sensor is arranged at the lower part of the inner wall of the housing, and both the liquid level sensor and the drain solenoid valve are connected with the controller.
4. The laboratory exhaust emission device according to claim 2, further comprising a metal bellows, one end of the metal bellows is used for introducing exhaust, and the other end of the metal bellows is connected to the exhaust inlet.
5. The laboratory exhaust emission device of claim 2, further comprising a flame arrestor and an explosion-proof fan, wherein the gas output pipe passes through the roof of the laboratory and extends outside the laboratory, and the flame arrestor and the explosion-proof fan are both disposed on the gas output pipe and outside the roof of the laboratory.
6. A fuel cell tail gas discharge device, comprising the buffer diffusion steam-water separator as claimed in claim 1, a fuel cell system, a hydrogen concentration sensor, a muffler and a vehicle controller, wherein the housing is horizontally disposed, the hydrogen concentration sensor is disposed on the mixed gas outlet, the muffler is disposed inside the gas inlet, the fuel cell system comprises a hydrogen fuel cell anode, a hydrogen fuel cell cathode, a first anode pipeline, a second anode pipeline, a third anode pipeline, a pressure reducing valve, a hydrogen supply electromagnetic valve, a hydrogen injector, a hydrogen circulation pump, a hydrogen exhaust electromagnetic valve, a first cathode pipeline, a second cathode pipeline, a third cathode pipeline, an air compressor, an intercooler and a three-way electromagnetic valve, one end of the first anode pipeline is connected to the inlet of the hydrogen fuel cell anode, and the other end of the first anode pipeline is used for connecting to a hydrogen storage system, the pressure reducing valve, the hydrogen supply electromagnetic valve and the hydrogen injector are sequentially arranged on the first anode pipeline from outside to inside, two ends of the second anode pipeline are respectively connected with the outlet of the anode of the hydrogen fuel cell and the first anode pipeline, the second anode pipeline is arranged between the hydrogen supply electromagnetic valve and the hydrogen injector, the hydrogen circulating pump is arranged on the second anode pipeline, two ends of the third anode pipeline are respectively connected with the outlet of the anode of the hydrogen fuel cell and the gas inlet, the hydrogen discharge electromagnetic valve is arranged on the third anode pipeline, the first cathode pipeline is connected with the inlet of the cathode of the hydrogen fuel cell, the air compressor, the intercooler and the three-way electromagnetic valve are sequentially arranged on the first cathode pipeline from outside to inside, and the other port of the three-way electromagnetic valve is connected with one end of the second cathode pipeline, the other end of the second cathode pipeline is connected with the gas inlet, the two ends of the third cathode pipeline are respectively connected with the outlet of the cathode of the hydrogen fuel cell and the second cathode pipeline, and the hydrogen concentration sensor, the hydrogen supply electromagnetic valve and the three-way electromagnetic valve are all connected with the whole vehicle controller.
7. The fuel cell off-gas discharge device according to claim 6, wherein the baffle plate is provided with a plurality of muffling holes.
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| CN202010621240.9A CN114094136B (en) | 2020-06-30 | 2020-06-30 | Buffer diffusion steam-water separator, laboratory and fuel cell tail gas emission device |
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| CN114530619A (en) * | 2022-04-22 | 2022-05-24 | 浙江海盐力源环保科技股份有限公司 | Fuel cell tail gas hydrogen device that disappears |
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| CN114094136B (en) | 2023-07-25 |
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