CN114088678A - Flow type fluorescence detection method - Google Patents

Flow type fluorescence detection method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN114088678A
CN114088678A CN202111473164.2A CN202111473164A CN114088678A CN 114088678 A CN114088678 A CN 114088678A CN 202111473164 A CN202111473164 A CN 202111473164A CN 114088678 A CN114088678 A CN 114088678A
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fluorescence
flow
sample
microspheres
microsphere
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华婷婷
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Jiaxing Weizhen Biotechnology Co ltd
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Jiaxing Weizhen Biotechnology Co ltd
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N21/00Investigating or analysing materials by the use of optical means, i.e. using sub-millimetre waves, infrared, visible or ultraviolet light
    • G01N21/62Systems in which the material investigated is excited whereby it emits light or causes a change in wavelength of the incident light
    • G01N21/63Systems in which the material investigated is excited whereby it emits light or causes a change in wavelength of the incident light optically excited
    • G01N21/64Fluorescence; Phosphorescence
    • G01N21/6486Measuring fluorescence of biological material, e.g. DNA, RNA, cells

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
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  • Nuclear Medicine, Radiotherapy & Molecular Imaging (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
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  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Immunology (AREA)
  • Pathology (AREA)
  • Investigating, Analyzing Materials By Fluorescence Or Luminescence (AREA)

Abstract

The invention provides a flow-type fluorescence detection method, which comprises the following steps: irradiating a sample to be detected in a detection area by using a laser; acquiring a forward scattering value of the microsphere through a forward scattering light detector, and determining the diameter of the microsphere according to the size of the forward scattering value; determining the type of the antigen carried by the microsphere according to the diameter of the microsphere; detecting the intensity of fluorescence emitted by the antigen by a fluorescence detector, and determining the concentration of the antigen according to the intensity of the fluorescence. The invention directly determines the type of the antigen through the diameter of the microsphere, and further can directly determine the type of the detected physiological index, thereby saving a laser and a corresponding detector which are used for distinguishing the type of the antigen in a flow type fluorescence detection mechanism, and reducing the detection cost.

Description

Flow type fluorescence detection method
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of biological detection, in particular to a flow type fluorescence detection method.
Background
At present, two kinds of fluorescein are mainly adopted in a mainstream flow type fluorescence instrument to distinguish a fluorescence immunoconjugate to be detected, and each kind of fluorescein contains 10 kinds of fluorescence molecules, so that the two kinds of fluorescein can determine 100 kinds of fluorescence immunoconjugates at most, however, according to the scheme, two lasers are needed to irradiate the fluorescence immunoconjugates, a plurality of detectors are needed to detect fluorescence, one laser is matched with the two fluorescence detectors to distinguish the fluorescence immunoconjugates, and the other laser is matched with one fluorescence detector to detect antigen concentration, so that the detection cost is relatively high.
Accordingly, the prior art is yet to be improved and developed.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above-mentioned shortcomings of the prior art, the present invention aims to provide a flow-type fluorescence detection method, which aims to solve the problem of high detection cost when a flow-type fluorescence instrument is used for detection in the prior art.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
a flow-through fluorescence detection method, the method comprising:
irradiating a sample to be detected in a detection area by using a laser, so that microspheres in the sample to be detected emit scattered light into space, and antigens carried by the microspheres emit fluorescence;
acquiring a forward scattering value of the microsphere through a forward scattering light detector, and determining the diameter of the microsphere according to the size of the forward scattering value;
determining the type of the antigen carried by the microsphere according to the diameter of the microsphere;
detecting the intensity of fluorescence emitted by the antigen by a fluorescence detector, and determining the concentration of the antigen according to the intensity of the fluorescence.
The flow-type fluorescence detection method is characterized in that the microspheres are polystyrene plastic microspheres.
The flow fluorescence detection method, wherein before irradiating a sample to be detected in a detection area with a laser to make microspheres in the sample to be detected emit forward scattered light and make antigens carried by the microspheres emit fluorescence, comprises:
binding specific kinds of antibodies on the surfaces of the microspheres with different diameters;
adding each microsphere into blood to form the sample to be detected, wherein the blood has a plurality of antigens capable of being combined with the specific antibody, and the antigens are labeled with fluorescein;
and conveying the sample to be detected into a flow chamber of a flow type fluorescence detection mechanism, and enabling the sample to be detected to flow through the detection area.
The flow-type fluorescence detection method comprises the steps that a sheath liquid flow is arranged in the flow chamber, the sheath liquid flow and a sample flow formed by the sample to be detected both flow through the flow chamber, the sample flow and the sheath liquid flow coaxially flow, and the sheath liquid flow wraps the sample flow.
The flow-type fluorescence detection method, wherein the size of the forward-scattered color value is positively correlated with the diameter of the microsphere.
The flow-type fluorescence detection method, wherein the intensity of the fluorescence is positively correlated with the concentration of the corresponding species of the antigen.
The flow-type fluorescence detection method, wherein the detecting the intensity of fluorescence emitted by the antigen by a fluorescence detector specifically includes:
receiving a fluorescence signal by a signal receiver of the fluorescence detector;
the signal receiver generates a pulse signal according to the fluorescence signal;
and extracting the intensity value of the fluorescence by an algorithm according to the pulse signal.
The flow-type fluorescence detection method, wherein the receiving a fluorescence signal by a signal receiver of the fluorescence detector comprises:
receiving the fluorescent signal through an optical assembly, wherein the optical assembly consists of a dichromatic mirror and a band-pass filter;
the optical assembly passes the received fluorescent signal to the signal receiver.
Has the advantages that: the invention directly determines the type of the antigen through the diameter of the microsphere, and further can directly determine the type of the detected physiological index, thereby saving a laser and a corresponding detector which are used for distinguishing the type of the antigen in a flow type fluorescence detection mechanism, and reducing the detection cost.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a flow-through fluorescence detection method of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the flow cell of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the diameter of the microsphere detected by the laser in the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a signal pulse pattern according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention provides a flow-type fluorescence detection method, which is described in further detail below in order to make the objects, technical solutions, and effects of the present invention clearer and clearer. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a preferred embodiment of the flow-type fluorescence detection method of the present invention, which comprises the following steps:
s1, irradiating a sample to be detected in a detection area by using a laser so as to enable microspheres in the sample to be detected to emit scattered light into space and enable antigens carried by the microspheres to emit fluorescence;
specifically, the sample to be tested is a liquid, the sample to be tested comprises a plurality of microspheres, and preferably, the microspheres are polystyrene plastic microspheres; the microspheres comprise a plurality of microspheres with different diameters, and corresponding to each microsphere with different diameters, the surfaces of the microspheres are specifically combined with one antibody, namely, the types of the antibodies correspond to the microspheres with different diameters one by one, and one antibody is combined with the microsphere with one diameter; and antibodies directed against a specific species are bound with corresponding antigens, each of which is bound with a specific secondary antibody, which is labeled with fluorescein; the purpose in this embodiment is to determine the level of the physiological index corresponding to each antigen by obtaining the concentration of each antigen, which is obtained by detecting the intensity of the fluorescence generated by the corresponding fluorescein.
In this embodiment, a flow-type fluorescence detection mechanism is used to detect a sample to be detected, the laser is a component of the flow-type fluorescence detection mechanism, when the sample to be detected flows through a detection area, a light beam of the laser irradiates the detection area, the polystyrene microspheres passing through the detection area are irradiated by the light beam, light is scattered in a 360-degree solid angle direction in space, and the emitted scattered light is related to the size and shape of the microspheres and the refractive index of the microsphere structure. Meanwhile, under the irradiation of the laser, fluorescein carried by the microsphere absorbs energy to generate energy transition, returns to the ground state after short delay and emits fluorescence.
Further, before irradiating the sample to be detected in the detection area with the laser to make the microspheres in the sample to be detected emit forward scattered light and make the antigens carried by the microspheres emit fluorescence, the method includes:
binding specific kinds of antibodies on the surfaces of the microspheres with different diameters;
adding each microsphere into blood to form the sample to be detected, wherein the blood has a plurality of antigens capable of being combined with the specific antibody, and the antigens are labeled with fluorescein;
and conveying the sample to be detected into a flow chamber of a flow type fluorescence detection mechanism, and enabling the sample to be detected to flow through the detection area.
Specifically, specific kinds of antibodies need to be bound on the surfaces of the microspheres with different diameters in advance, and then the microspheres are added into blood to form the sample to be detected, wherein the blood has a plurality of antigens capable of being bound with the specific antibodies, namely, the antibodies are bound with corresponding antigens, so that the antigens are carried on the corresponding microspheres through being bound with the corresponding antibodies; a secondary antibody labeled with the fluorescein is also bound to the antigen so as to obtain the concentration of the antigen by detecting the fluorescein; after the sample to be detected is obtained, the sample to be detected is conveyed to a flow chamber of a flow type fluorescence detection mechanism, the detection area is located in the flow chamber, and the sample to be detected flows through the detection area after entering the flow chamber.
As shown in fig. 2, the flow chamber has a sheath liquid flow 1, both the sheath liquid flow 1 and a sample flow 2 formed by the sample to be tested flow through the flow chamber, and the sample flow 2 and the sheath liquid flow 1 flow coaxially, the sheath liquid flow 1 wraps the sample flow 2, that is, the sheath liquid flow 1 and the sample flow 2 both flow in from one end of the flow chamber and flow out from the other end of the flow chamber, and the sheath liquid flow 1 wraps the sample flow 2 in the center of the flow chamber. Since only one of the microspheres 7 in the sample flow 2 passes through the detection region 3 when the sample flow 2 is enveloped by the sheath flow 1, the light beam of the laser 4 will also irradiate the microspheres 7 one by one, thereby enabling the detection of the microspheres 7 one by one.
The flow chamber comprises a first flow chamber 5 and a second flow chamber 6 which are communicated with each other, the first flow chamber 5 and the second flow chamber 6 are both cylindrical, the cross section of the first flow chamber 5 is larger than that of the second flow chamber 6, a sheath liquid and the sample to be detected are conveyed into the first flow chamber 5 through a nozzle mechanism to form the sheath liquid flow 1 and the sample flow 2, and when the sheath liquid flow 1 flows from the first flow chamber 5 with a larger cross section to the second flow chamber 6 with a smaller cross section, the liquid flow is focused at an inlet of the second flow chamber 6, so that the detection area 3 is formed.
S2, acquiring a forward scattering value of the microsphere through a forward scattering light detector, and determining the diameter of the microsphere according to the size of the forward scattering value;
specifically, as shown in fig. 3, the laser 4 is used to irradiate the microsphere 7 so that the microsphere 7 emits scattered light, the Forward scattered light detector 8 receives the Forward scattered light of the microsphere and measures a Forward Scattering (FSC) value according to the received Forward scattered light, and then the diameter of the microsphere is determined according to the size of the Forward scattering value; further, the magnitude of the forward-dispersed color value is positively correlated with the diameter of the microspheres, and thus the larger the forward-dispersed color value measured, the larger the diameter of the microspheres.
S3, determining the type of the antigen carried by the microsphere according to the diameter of the microsphere;
since the types of the antibodies carried by the microspheres with different diameters are specific and the types of the antigens bound by the antibodies are also specific, the types of the antibodies carried by the surfaces of the microspheres can be determined according to the diameters of the microspheres, and the types of the antigens can be further determined according to the types of the antibodies, so that the types of the antigens can be distinguished according to the sizes of the microspheres; because the detection of different physiological index items is realized by detecting the concentration of corresponding antigens, the different physiological index items can be directly distinguished by distinguishing the sizes of the microspheres. Further, because can be through detecting the kind of the physical indicator project that detects is distinguished to the size of microballon, can have the microballon of multiple equidimension in the sample that awaits measuring to combine different kinds of antigens through the microballon of all kinds of equidimensions, thereby can realize the multiple detection of project, promptly, detect multiple physical indicator simultaneously, only need through the size of microballon alright carry out the grouping processing to the project, shortened detection cycle, improved detection efficiency. In addition, in the embodiment, the type of the antibody or the antigen is determined directly according to the size of the microsphere, so that a laser and a corresponding detector for distinguishing the type of the antibody or the antigen in a flow type fluorescence detection mechanism are saved, and the detection cost is reduced.
S4, detecting the intensity of fluorescence emitted by the antigen through a fluorescence detector, and determining the concentration of the antigen according to the intensity of the fluorescence;
after the laser irradiates the microspheres and the microspheres emit fluorescence, the fluorescence detector receives and detects the intensity of the fluorescence, and then the concentration of each antigen is determined according to the intensity of the fluorescence; in this embodiment, the intensity of the fluorescence is positively correlated with the concentration of the corresponding type of antigen, that is, the stronger the intensity of the fluorescence, the higher the concentration of the antigen, and the magnitude of the value of the physiological index can be obtained.
Further, the detecting the intensity of the fluorescence emitted by the antigen by the fluorescence detector specifically includes:
receiving a fluorescence signal by a signal receiver of the fluorescence detector;
the signal receiver generates a pulse signal according to the fluorescence signal;
and extracting the intensity value of the fluorescence by an algorithm according to the pulse signal.
The fluorescence detector comprises a signal receiver (photomultiplier tube, PMT) which receives a fluorescence signal generated by fluorescence emitted by a fluorescent molecule, then generates a pulse signal according to the fluorescence signal, and finally extracts an intensity value of the fluorescence through an algorithm according to the pulse signal. One of the pulse images is generated corresponding to each of the microspheres, and in the pulse image, as shown in FIG. 4, the pulse height 9-1 represents the intensity of the fluorescence signal, the pulse area 9-2 represents the fluorescence flux calculated by the integration method, and the pulse width 9-3 represents the distribution of fluorescence.
Further, the receiving the fluorescence signal by the signal receiver of the fluorescence detector comprises:
receiving the fluorescent signal through an optical assembly, wherein the optical assembly consists of a dichromatic mirror and a band-pass filter;
the optical assembly passes the received fluorescent signal to the signal receiver.
In summary, the present invention provides a flow-type fluorescence detection method, which comprises: irradiating a sample to be detected in a detection area by using a laser, so that microspheres in the sample to be detected emit scattered light into space, and antigens carried by the microspheres emit fluorescence; acquiring a forward scattering value of the microsphere through a forward scattering light detector, and determining the diameter of the microsphere according to the size of the forward scattering value; determining the type of the antigen carried by the microsphere according to the diameter of the microsphere; detecting the intensity of fluorescence emitted by the antigen by a fluorescence detector, and determining the concentration of the antigen according to the intensity of the fluorescence. The invention directly determines the type of the antigen through the diameter of the microsphere, and further can directly determine the type of the detected physiological index, thereby saving a laser and a corresponding detector which are used for distinguishing the type of the antigen in a flow type fluorescence detection mechanism, reducing the detection cost, and realizing the simultaneous detection of various physiological indexes by adopting the microspheres with different sizes, thereby realizing the multiple detection of the physiological indexes.
It is to be understood that the invention is not limited to the examples described above, but that modifications and variations may be effected thereto by those of ordinary skill in the art in light of the foregoing description, and that all such modifications and variations are intended to be within the scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.

Claims (8)

1. A flow-through fluorescence detection method, comprising:
irradiating a sample to be detected in a detection area by using a laser, so that microspheres in the sample to be detected emit scattered light into space, and antigens carried by the microspheres emit fluorescence;
acquiring a forward scattering value of the microsphere through a forward scattering light detector, and determining the diameter of the microsphere according to the size of the forward scattering value;
determining the type of the antigen carried by the microsphere according to the diameter of the microsphere;
detecting the intensity of fluorescence emitted by the antigen by a fluorescence detector, and determining the concentration of the antigen according to the intensity of the fluorescence.
2. The flow-type fluorescence detection method of claim 1, wherein the microspheres are polystyrene plastic microspheres.
3. The flow-type fluorescence detection method of claim 1, wherein before illuminating the sample to be detected in the detection area with the laser to cause the microspheres in the sample to be detected to emit forward scattered light and cause the antigens carried by the microspheres to emit fluorescence, the method comprises:
binding specific kinds of antibodies on the surfaces of the microspheres with different diameters;
adding each microsphere into blood to form the sample to be detected, wherein the blood has a plurality of antigens capable of being combined with the specific antibody, and the antigens are labeled with fluorescein;
and conveying the sample to be detected into a flow chamber of a flow type fluorescence detection mechanism, and enabling the sample to be detected to flow through the detection area.
4. The flow-based fluorescence detection method of claim 3, wherein the flow chamber has a sheath fluid flow, the sheath fluid flow and a sample flow formed by the sample to be detected both flow through the flow chamber, and the sample flow and the sheath fluid flow coaxially, and the sheath fluid flow envelops the sample flow.
5. The flow-type fluorescence detection method of claim 1, wherein the size of the forward-scattered color value is positively correlated with the diameter of the microsphere.
6. A flow-type fluorescence detection method according to claim 1, wherein the intensity of the fluorescence is positively correlated with the concentration of the corresponding species of the antigen.
7. The flow fluorescence detection method according to claim 1, wherein the detecting the intensity of the fluorescence emitted from the antigen by the fluorescence detector specifically comprises:
receiving a fluorescence signal by a signal receiver of the fluorescence detector;
the signal receiver generates a pulse signal according to the fluorescence signal;
and extracting the intensity value of the fluorescence by an algorithm according to the pulse signal.
8. The flow fluorescence detection method of claim 1, wherein the receiving a fluorescence signal by a signal receiver of the fluorescence detector comprises:
receiving the fluorescent signal through an optical assembly, wherein the optical assembly consists of a dichromatic mirror and a band-pass filter;
the optical assembly passes the received fluorescent signal to the signal receiver.
CN202111473164.2A 2021-12-03 2021-12-03 Flow type fluorescence detection method Pending CN114088678A (en)

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WO2024108569A1 (en) * 2022-11-25 2024-05-30 深圳华大智造科技股份有限公司 Method and device for magnetic bead detection, and magnetic bead detection optical system

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Cited By (3)

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