CN114088275A - Main wheel friction force measuring device and method - Google Patents
Main wheel friction force measuring device and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN114088275A CN114088275A CN202111382263.XA CN202111382263A CN114088275A CN 114088275 A CN114088275 A CN 114088275A CN 202111382263 A CN202111382263 A CN 202111382263A CN 114088275 A CN114088275 A CN 114088275A
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- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 4
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- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01L—MEASURING FORCE, STRESS, TORQUE, WORK, MECHANICAL POWER, MECHANICAL EFFICIENCY, OR FLUID PRESSURE
- G01L5/00—Apparatus for, or methods of, measuring force, work, mechanical power, or torque, specially adapted for specific purposes
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N19/00—Investigating materials by mechanical methods
- G01N19/02—Measuring coefficient of friction between materials
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
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Abstract
The invention provides a main wheel friction force measuring device and a main wheel friction force measuring method. The main wheel friction force measuring device comprises a load measuring platform, a course loading device, a side loading device, an inclined loading device and a sensor; the load measuring platform comprises a supporting rotating shaft, an inclined platform, a course moving platform, a lateral moving platform and a bearing platform, and the supporting rotating shaft is fixed in position; the inclined table is connected with the supporting rotating shaft and can rotate around the supporting rotating shaft; the course moving platform, the lateral moving platform and the bearing platform move along the course relative to the inclined platform simultaneously; and the lateral moving platform and the bearing platform simultaneously move along the lateral direction relative to the heading moving platform. The method can measure the friction force of the main wheel on the ground on the flat ground or the ramp of different media when the main wheel encounters course and side wind, and the technology can be applied to a simulation test of the friction load of the ground on the tire of the landing gear in the field of aviation.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of airplane undercarriage tests, in particular to a main wheel friction force measuring device and a main wheel friction force measuring method, which are applicable to airplane main wheel friction force tests.
Background
In the development of landing gear systems in the aeronautical field, the main wheel is subjected to ground loads in order to study the influence of the aircraft on the ground. When the airplane is influenced by the course, the side wind or the inclined ground, the airplane must be influenced by the ground friction, the friction magnitude determines the resistance of the airplane to the wind speed in the parking state and the landing capability in bad weather, and the influence result is used as an important basis for designing the landing gear system and selecting the type of the main wheel tire. Because the friction coefficient of the tires is changed under the influence of the load, the friction coefficients of the same tires of airplanes with different tonnages are different, so that an accurate result is difficult to obtain through simulation calculation. On the other hand, the whole machine test operation is complicated and the cost is huge.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a main wheel friction force measuring device and a main wheel friction force measuring method, which can measure the friction force of a main wheel on the ground on flat ground or a slope of different media when the main wheel encounters course and side wind, and can be applied to a simulation test of the ground friction load of a tire of an undercarriage in the field of aviation.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows: a main wheel friction force measuring device comprises a movable inclinable load measuring platform, a course loading device for realizing course movement of the load measuring platform, a lateral loading device for realizing lateral movement of the load measuring platform, an inclined loading device for realizing inclination of the load measuring platform and sensors for measuring course, lateral and vertical loads;
the load measuring platform comprises a supporting rotating shaft, an inclined platform, a course moving platform, a lateral moving platform and a bearing platform for placing a main wheel, wherein the supporting rotating shaft is fixed in position and is used for bearing the load applied by the load measuring platform and the main wheel; the inclined table is connected with the supporting rotating shaft and can rotate around the supporting rotating shaft;
the course moving platform, the lateral moving platform and the bearing platform are arranged in sequence from the inclined platform to the upper part, and the course moving platform, the lateral moving platform and the bearing platform move relative to the inclined platform along the course direction at the same time; the lateral moving platform and the bearing platform move laterally relative to the course moving platform simultaneously;
the course loading equipment is respectively connected with the tilting table and the course moving table; the lateral loading equipment is respectively connected with the course moving platform and the lateral moving platform; the inclined loading equipment is respectively connected with two ends of the inclined table, and the sensor is connected with the lateral moving table and the bearing table.
In the scheme, the vertical load and the friction force are measured on the platform through simulating the actual working condition of the main wheel, the friction coefficient is calculated for the measurement result, the influence of the ground friction force on the fact that the surveying and mapping airplane stays at the target place is simulated, the operability is high, and the data are reliable.
Preferably, the heading loading device comprises a fixed end and a driving end, wherein the fixed end is connected with the inclined table, and the driving end is connected with the heading moving table.
A fixed end and a driving end are designed to carry out course displacement more quickly and accurately.
Preferably, the lateral loading device comprises a fixed end and a driving end, the fixed end is connected with the heading mobile station, and the driving end is connected with the lateral mobile station.
A fixed end and a driving end are designed to carry out lateral displacement more quickly and accurately.
Preferably, the heading and the lateral direction are perpendicular to each other in the same overlook projection plane; the axis line of the supporting rotating shaft is consistent with the direction of the course. The field load direction is restored to the maximum extent possible, and the accuracy of the measured data is improved.
Preferably, the lateral moving table is provided with two bearing tables in parallel along the lateral direction, and four sensors are distributed under each bearing table and distributed around the bearing table.
And the bearing platform is two independent platforms, which can contact with the left and right wheels of the main wheel respectively in the test to ensure the independence of the test data.
Preferably, the sensor is a three-way force sensor. So as to be able to measure heading, lateral and vertical loads simultaneously.
Preferably, a concave groove is formed in a plane where the bearing platform is in contact with the main wheel, and simulated ground media can be filled in the groove. Through the recess, realize the packing of all kinds of ground media thing to better simulation reality operating mode.
Preferably, the main wheel friction force measuring device further comprises a course linear guide rail with a guide rail and a sliding block, and the guide rail and the sliding rail are fixedly connected with the tilting table and the course moving table respectively.
Preferably, the main wheel friction force measuring device further comprises a lateral linear guide rail with a guide rail and a sliding block, and the guide rail and the sliding block are fixedly connected with the heading mobile station and the lateral mobile station respectively.
The invention also provides a main wheel friction force measuring method which is carried out by adopting the main wheel friction force measuring device and comprises the following steps:
preparation of a test:
1) arranging a simulated ground medium object on the bearing platform to contact with the main wheel according to test requirements;
2) controlling an inclined loading device to adjust the inclination angle of the load measuring platform according to test requirements so as to simulate the ground gradient;
3) controlling the course loading equipment to adjust the position of the bearing platform in the heading direction and the lateral direction of the lateral loading equipment so as to ensure that the main wheel falls in the surrounding area of the sensor after being loaded;
4) carrying out vertical loading on the main wheel, measuring and feeding back a vertical load value through the sensor, comparing the feedback value with the load borne by the main wheel of the airplane simulated according to the test requirement, and carrying out the test if the feedback value is consistent with the load borne by the main wheel of the airplane simulated according to the test requirement; if not, continuing to apply;
the test was started:
5) controlling the course loading equipment to move the course mobile station and lateral mobile stations, bearing stations and main wheels on the course mobile station, or controlling the lateral loading equipment to move the lateral mobile station and the bearing stations and main wheels on the lateral mobile station to laterally displace, creating a condition that the bearing stations and the main wheels move relatively, and measuring the course or lateral friction force on the main wheels through a sensor;
6) calculating a friction coefficient by combining the vertical load;
the test was completed.
Compared with the related technology, the invention has the beneficial effects that: the main wheel is static relative to the ground, a relative motion condition is created by moving the platform at the bottom of the main wheel, so that friction force is generated between the main wheel and the platform, and the aim of measurement is fulfilled by the sensor arranged on the platform; finally, the vertical load and the friction force measured by the platform are calculated, so that the friction coefficient can be indirectly measured; the platform material can be replaced to measure the influence of different contact surfaces on the main wheel, and meanwhile, the platform can be inclined at a certain angle relative to the main wheel to simulate the influence of ground friction when the surveying and mapping airplane stays on a ramp; therefore, the friction force of the main wheel on the ground on flat ground or a slope of different media when the main wheel encounters a heading and lateral wind can be measured, and the technology can be applied to a simulation test of the friction load of the ground on the tire of the landing gear in the aviation field.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a main wheel friction force measuring device provided by the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic front view of the load measuring platform of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a side view of the load measuring platform of FIG. 1;
fig. 4 is a schematic top view of the load measuring platform in fig. 1.
In the drawings: A. a load measuring platform; B. a course loading device; C. a side loading device; D. a tilt loading device; E. a main wheel;
1. a support shaft; 2. an inclined table; 3. a course linear guide rail; 4. a course moving stage; 5. a lateral linear guide; 6. a lateral movement station; 7. a sensor; 8. a bearing platform.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the embodiments with reference to the attached drawings. It should be noted that the embodiments and features of the embodiments may be combined with each other without conflict. For convenience of description, the words "upper", "lower", "left" and "right" in the following description are used only to indicate the correspondence between the upper, lower, left and right directions of the drawings themselves, and do not limit the structure.
As shown in fig. 1 and fig. 2, the main wheel friction force measuring device provided in this embodiment includes a movable tiltable load measuring platform a, a heading loading device B for realizing heading movement of the load measuring platform a, a lateral loading device C for realizing lateral movement of the load measuring platform a, an inclined loading device D for realizing inclination of the load measuring platform a, and sensors 7 for measuring heading, lateral, and vertical loads.
As shown in fig. 2, the load measuring platform a comprises a support rotating shaft 1, an inclined platform 2, a heading linear guide rail 3, a heading moving platform 4, a lateral linear guide rail 5, a lateral moving platform 6 and a bearing platform 8 for placing a main wheel E.
The supporting rotating shaft 1 is fixed in position and is used for bearing loads applied by the load measuring platform A and the main wheel E; the inclined table 2 is connected with the supporting rotating shaft 1 and can rotate around the supporting rotating shaft 1.
The course moving platform 4, the lateral moving platform 6 and the bearing platform 8 are sequentially arranged from the inclined platform 2 to the upper part, and the course moving platform 4, the lateral moving platform 6 and the bearing platform 8 simultaneously move along the course relative to the inclined platform 2. The lateral moving platform 6 and the bearing platform 8 move along the lateral direction relative to the heading moving platform 4 simultaneously.
As shown in fig. 2 and fig. 3, the heading direction and the lateral direction are perpendicular to each other in the same top projection plane. The axis line of the supporting rotating shaft 1 is consistent with the direction of the course. The course movement is realized through the course linear guide rail 3, and the lateral movement is realized through the lateral linear guide rail 5.
The course linear guide rail 3 and the lateral linear guide rail 5 are both provided with a guide rail and a sliding block, and the guide rail and the sliding rail of the course linear guide rail 3 are fixedly connected with the tilting table 2 and the course moving table 4 respectively. And the guide rail and the slide block of the lateral linear guide rail 5 are fixedly connected with the heading moving platform 4 and the lateral moving platform 6 respectively.
The sensor 7 is connected with the lateral moving platform 6 and the bearing platform 8. The sensor 7 is used for measuring heading, lateral and vertical loads. The lateral moving table 6 of the bearing table 8 is provided with two bearing tables side by side along the lateral direction, four sensors 7 are respectively distributed under each bearing table 8 and distributed around the bearing table 8 (as shown in fig. 2 and fig. 3) so as to ensure that the loads applied by the left wheel and the right wheel of the main wheel E respectively fall in the middle of the area surrounded by the sensors and ensure that the measured data is reliable. The sensor 7 is a three-way force sensor.
As shown in fig. 1, the heading loading device B includes a fixed end and a driving end, the fixed end is fixedly connected to the tilting table 2, and the driving end is fixedly connected to the heading moving table 4 for driving the heading moving table 4 and above to perform heading movement along the heading linear guide rail 3. The lateral loading device C comprises a fixed end and a driving end, wherein the fixed end is fixedly connected with the course moving platform 4, and the driving end is fixedly connected with the lateral moving platform 6 and used for driving the lateral moving platform 6 and the parts above to move laterally along the lateral linear guide rail 5. The inclined loading equipment D is respectively connected with two ends of the inclined platform 2, and one end of the inclined loading equipment D is lifted, and the other end of the inclined loading equipment D is lowered, so that the inclined platform 2 is inclined, and the load measurement platform A is integrally inclined leftwards or rightwards.
As shown in fig. 4, the bearing table 8 is divided into two independent table surfaces, and the left wheel and the right wheel of the main wheel E are respectively placed in the test to ensure the independence of test data. Meanwhile, two bearing platforms 8 are provided with concave grooves, and simulated ground media can be filled in the grooves. The ground medium material is a steel block, a concrete block and the like which are used for simulating the ground of an airplane encountering different media.
The invention also provides a main wheel friction force measuring method which is carried out by adopting the main wheel friction force measuring device and comprises the following steps:
preparation of a test:
1) arranging a simulated ground medium object on the bearing platform 8 to contact with the main wheel E according to test requirements; filling corresponding ground media in the groove of the bearing platform 8;
2) controlling the inclined loading equipment D to adjust the inclination angle of the load measuring platform A according to the test requirement so as to simulate the ground gradient;
3) controlling the heading loading equipment B to adjust the position of the bearing platform 8 in the heading direction and the lateral loading equipment C in the lateral direction to ensure that the main wheel falls in the surrounding area of the sensor 7 after being loaded;
4) carrying out vertical loading on the main wheel E, measuring and feeding back a vertical load value through the sensor 7, comparing the feedback value with the load borne by the main wheel of the airplane simulated according to the test requirement, and carrying out the test if the feedback value is consistent with the load borne by the main wheel of the airplane simulated according to the test requirement; if not, continuing the application;
the test was started:
5) controlling a course loading device B to move a course moving platform 4 and lateral moving platforms 6, bearing platforms 8 and a main wheel E on the course moving platform, or controlling a lateral loading device C to move the lateral moving platforms 6 and the bearing platforms 8 and the main wheel E on the lateral moving platforms, creating a condition that the bearing platforms 8 and the main wheel E move relatively, and measuring the course or lateral friction force borne by the main wheel E through a sensor 7;
6) calculating a friction coefficient by combining the vertical load;
the test was completed.
The loading devices can be a rotating motor, a cylinder or a hydraulic cylinder and a combination according to the functions realized by the loading devices, or other similar common mechanisms capable of realizing various action principles.
The above description is only an embodiment of the present invention, and not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and all modifications of equivalent structures and equivalent processes, which are made by using the contents of the present specification and the accompanying drawings, or directly or indirectly applied to other related technical fields, are included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A main wheel friction force measuring device is characterized by comprising a movable inclinable load measuring platform (A), a course loading device (B) for realizing course movement of the load measuring platform (A), a lateral loading device (C) for realizing lateral movement of the load measuring platform (A), an inclined loading device (D) for realizing inclination of the load measuring platform (A) and a sensor (7) for measuring course, lateral and vertical loads;
the load measuring platform (A) comprises a supporting rotating shaft (1), an inclined platform (2), a course moving platform (4), a lateral moving platform (6) and a bearing platform (8) for placing a main wheel (E), wherein the supporting rotating shaft (1) is fixed in position and is used for bearing loads applied by the load measuring platform (A) and the main wheel (E); the inclined table (2) is connected with the supporting rotating shaft (1) and can rotate around the supporting rotating shaft (1);
the course moving platform (4), the lateral moving platform (6) and the bearing platform (8) are sequentially arranged from the inclined platform (2) to the upper part, and the course moving platform (4), the lateral moving platform (6) and the bearing platform (8) simultaneously move along the course relative to the inclined platform (2); the lateral moving platform (6) and the bearing platform (8) simultaneously move along the lateral direction relative to the heading moving platform (4);
the course loading equipment (B) is respectively connected with the tilting table (2) and the course moving table (4); the lateral loading equipment (C) is respectively connected with the course moving platform (4) and the lateral moving platform (6); the inclined loading equipment (D) is respectively connected with two ends of the inclined table (2), and the sensor (7) is connected with the lateral moving table (6) and the bearing table (8).
2. Main wheel friction measuring device according to claim 1, characterized in that the heading loading device (B) comprises a fixed end and a drive end, wherein the fixed end is connected with the tilting table (2) and the drive end is connected with the heading moving table (4).
3. Main wheel friction measuring device according to claim 1, characterized in that the side loading means (C) comprises a fixed end connected to the heading mobile station (4) and a drive end connected to the side mobile station (6).
4. The main wheel friction measurement device of claim 1, wherein the heading and lateral directions are perpendicular to each other in a same top projection plane; the axis line of the supporting rotating shaft (1) is consistent with the direction of the course.
5. The main wheel friction force measuring device of claim 1, characterized in that the bearing platforms (8) are arranged side by side on the lateral moving platform (6), and four sensors (7) are respectively distributed under each bearing platform (8) and are distributed around the bearing platform (8).
6. Main wheel friction force measuring device according to claim 1, characterized in that the sensor (7) is a three-way force sensor.
7. Main wheel friction measuring device according to claim 1, characterized in that the bearing platform (8) is provided with a concave groove on the plane contacting with the main wheel (E), and the groove can be filled with simulated ground media.
8. Main wheel friction measuring device according to claim 1, characterized by further comprising a heading linear guide (3) with guide and slide, which are respectively secured to the tilting table (2) and the heading moving table (4).
9. Main wheel friction measuring device according to claim 1, characterized by further comprising a lateral linear guide (5) with guide and slide, respectively secured to the course mobile station (4) and the lateral mobile station (6).
10. A main wheel friction force measuring method using the main wheel friction force measuring apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 9, comprising:
preparation of the test:
1) a simulated ground medium object is arranged on the bearing platform (8) to contact with the main wheel (E) according to the test requirement;
2) controlling an inclined loading device (D) to adjust the inclination angle of the load measuring platform (A) according to the test requirement so as to simulate the ground gradient;
3) controlling a course loading device (B) to adjust the position of a bearing platform (8) in the heading direction and a side loading device (C) in the side direction to ensure that a main wheel falls in the surrounding area of a sensor (7) after being loaded;
4) the main wheel (E) is vertically loaded, a vertical load value is measured and fed back through the sensor (7), the feedback value is compared with the load borne by the main wheel of the airplane simulated according to the test requirement, and if the feedback value is consistent with the load borne by the main wheel of the airplane simulated according to the test requirement, the test is carried out; if not, continuing the application;
the test was started:
5) controlling a course loading device (B) to move a course moving platform (4) and a lateral moving platform (6), a bearing platform (8) and a main wheel (E) on the course loading device (B), or controlling a lateral loading device (C) to move the lateral moving platform (6) and a bearing platform (8) and a main wheel (E) on the lateral moving platform (6), creating a condition that the bearing platform (8) and the main wheel (E) move relatively, and measuring course or lateral friction force borne by the main wheel (E) through a sensor (7);
6) calculating a friction coefficient by combining the vertical load and the measured friction force;
the test was completed.
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| CN202111382263.XA CN114088275B (en) | 2021-11-22 | 2021-11-22 | Main wheel friction force measuring device and measuring method |
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