CN114087875A - Molybdenum alloy smelting and recycling equipment and method and vacuum degassing and impurity removing smelting furnace - Google Patents

Molybdenum alloy smelting and recycling equipment and method and vacuum degassing and impurity removing smelting furnace Download PDF

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Publication number
CN114087875A
CN114087875A CN202111383500.4A CN202111383500A CN114087875A CN 114087875 A CN114087875 A CN 114087875A CN 202111383500 A CN202111383500 A CN 202111383500A CN 114087875 A CN114087875 A CN 114087875A
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smelting
refining
shell
consumable electrode
vacuum
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CN202111383500.4A
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CN114087875B (en
Inventor
赵虎
杨秦莉
付静波
张菊平
武洲
刘仁智
庄飞
党小明
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Jinduicheng Molybdenum Co Ltd
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Jinduicheng Molybdenum Co Ltd
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
    • F27B14/00—Crucible or pot furnaces
    • F27B14/08—Details peculiar to crucible or pot furnaces
    • F27B14/14—Arrangements of heating devices
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D21/00—Separation of suspended solid particles from liquids by sedimentation
    • B01D21/02—Settling tanks with single outlets for the separated liquid
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
    • C22B9/00—General processes of refining or remelting of metals; Apparatus for electroslag or arc remelting of metals
    • C22B9/04—Refining by applying a vacuum
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
    • C22C1/02—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C27/00—Alloys based on rhenium or a refractory metal not mentioned in groups C22C14/00 or C22C16/00
    • C22C27/04—Alloys based on tungsten or molybdenum
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
    • F27B14/00—Crucible or pot furnaces
    • F27B14/04—Crucible or pot furnaces adapted for treating the charge in vacuum or special atmosphere
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
    • F27B14/00—Crucible or pot furnaces
    • F27B14/08—Details peculiar to crucible or pot furnaces
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D3/00—Charging; Discharging; Manipulation of charge
    • F27D3/15—Tapping equipment; Equipment for removing or retaining slag
    • F27D3/1545—Equipment for removing or retaining slag
    • F27D3/1554—Equipment for removing or retaining slag for removing the slag from the surface of the melt
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
    • F27B14/00—Crucible or pot furnaces
    • F27B2014/002—Smelting process, e.g. sequences to melt a specific material
    • F27B2014/004—Process involving a smelting step, e.g. vaporisation
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
    • F27B14/00—Crucible or pot furnaces
    • F27B14/04—Crucible or pot furnaces adapted for treating the charge in vacuum or special atmosphere
    • F27B2014/045—Vacuum
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
    • F27B14/00—Crucible or pot furnaces
    • F27B14/08—Details peculiar to crucible or pot furnaces
    • F27B2014/0837—Cooling arrangements
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
    • F27B14/00—Crucible or pot furnaces
    • F27B14/08—Details peculiar to crucible or pot furnaces
    • F27B2014/0881—Two or more crucibles
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
    • F27B14/00—Crucible or pot furnaces
    • F27B14/08—Details peculiar to crucible or pot furnaces
    • F27B2014/0887—Movement of the melt
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
    • Y02P10/20—Recycling

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)

Abstract

The invention provides molybdenum alloy smelting and recycling equipment and a vacuum degassing and impurity removing smelting furnace, which comprise a main support frame and a vacuum degassing and impurity removing smelting furnace mounting frame, wherein a vacuum refining furnace is arranged on the main support frame, the vacuum degassing and impurity removing smelting furnace mounting frame is internally provided with the vacuum degassing and impurity removing smelting furnace, the vacuum refining furnace is positioned right below the vacuum degassing and impurity removing smelting furnace, and a crystallizing device and an ingot pulling device are sequentially arranged below the vacuum refining furnace. The invention also provides a molybdenum alloy smelting and recycling method which comprises four steps of preparing a consumable electrode, vacuum degassing and impurity removal, refining and preparing and recycling a molybdenum alloy block. The molybdenum alloy smelting and recovering equipment can improve the purity of the recovered molybdenum alloy blocks and improve the smelting efficiency. According to the method for smelting and recovering the molybdenum alloy, the quality of the recovered molybdenum alloy block can be improved through vacuum separation of smelting impurity removal and refining purification, and meanwhile, the efficient operation of smelting and recovering the molybdenum alloy can be ensured.

Description

Molybdenum alloy smelting and recycling equipment and method and vacuum degassing and impurity removing smelting furnace
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of alloy smelting, relates to molybdenum alloy smelting recovery, and particularly relates to molybdenum alloy smelting recovery equipment and method and a vacuum degassing impurity-removing smelting furnace.
Background
In the prior art, molybdenum alloy is smelted by adopting an electron beam zone smelting method, the stability of the electrical parameters of a high-voltage power supply system is crucial to the stability of a melting zone in the smelting process of the electron beam zone smelting, and the fluctuation of the high-voltage electrical parameters causes the fluctuation of electron beam current, so that the kinetic energy of electron beams impacting an anode bar, the melting zone and an ingot generates fluctuation, the temperature gradient of the melting zone is directly disturbed, and the instability of the melting zone is finally caused, even the smelting test fails. Generally speaking, the instability of the electrical parameters of the high-voltage power supply system is mainly manifested as small-amplitude oscillatory fluctuation and large-amplitude oscillatory fluctuation of the high-voltage and the electron beam.
Because the electron gun used during smelting is an annular electron gun, the distance between the filament of the electron gun and the smelting zone is very small, the vacuum degree is reduced due to the escaped metal vapor, the electric parameters and the actual working conditions of the high-voltage power supply system are continuously changed, the instability of the electric parameters of the high-voltage power supply system is finally induced, the smelting efficiency is further low, and the purity of the recovered molybdenum alloy block is low.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention aims to provide equipment and a method for smelting and recovering molybdenum alloy, and solve the technical problem that the purity of a molybdenum alloy block recovered during smelting and recovering the molybdenum alloy in the prior art is low.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the molybdenum alloy smelting and recycling equipment comprises a main support frame, wherein the main support frame comprises main support plates, four main support plate supporting legs are fixedly connected to the bottom surfaces of the main support plates, and the main support plate supporting legs are arranged in a pairwise opposite mode; the center of the main supporting plate is provided with a hole;
the top surface of the main supporting plate is provided with a vacuum degassing and impurity removing smelting furnace mounting rack which comprises a circular ring support, and the bottom surface of the circular ring support is fixedly connected with three circular ring support supporting legs;
a vacuum degassing and impurity removing smelting furnace is installed in the circular ring support, a vacuum refining furnace is arranged on the main support plate and is positioned right below the vacuum degassing and impurity removing smelting furnace, a crystallizing device and an ingot pulling device are coaxially arranged below the vacuum refining furnace in sequence, and the top of the crystallizing device is arranged in a central opening of the main support plate;
the vacuum degassing and impurity removing smelting furnace comprises an outer shell arranged in a circular ring support, an end cover is detachably arranged at the top end of the outer shell, the bottom end of the outer shell is closed, and a sealed space between the outer shell and the end cover is a vacuum degassing and impurity removing smelting chamber; an inner shell is arranged at the bottom of the vacuum degassing and impurity removing smelting chamber, the top end of the inner shell is open, the bottom of the inner shell is closed, and the space in the inner shell is a main smelting chamber; an electromagnetic heater is arranged in the main smelting chamber and is arranged on the inner wall of the inner shell;
three consumable electrode smelting crucibles are arranged on the top surface of the inner shell, and are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction; the consumable electrode smelting crucible comprises a consumable electrode smelting crucible shell, the top end of the consumable electrode smelting crucible shell is open, the bottom end of the consumable electrode smelting crucible shell is closed, and the space in the consumable electrode smelting crucible shell is a consumable electrode smelting chamber; a consumable electrode placing table is detachably arranged on the top end of the consumable electrode smelting crucible shell, and a direct current arc releasing device is detachably arranged on the inner wall of the consumable electrode smelting crucible shell;
the open top end of the consumable electrode smelting crucible shell is provided with a feed inlet, the bottom of the consumable electrode smelting crucible shell is provided with a first material conveying channel, and the consumable electrode smelting chamber is communicated with the main smelting chamber through the first material conveying channel;
a negative pressure vacuum pump is arranged right above the main smelting chamber and is arranged in the center of the end cover; a degassing and impurity-removing vacuum pump is arranged right above the consumable electrode smelting chamber and is arranged at the edge of the end cover;
the vacuum refining furnace comprises a vacuum refining furnace shell arranged on a main supporting plate, the top end of the vacuum refining furnace shell is sealed by the bottom surface of the shell, the center of the bottom surface of the vacuum refining furnace shell is provided with a hole, and the hole is a feeding hole of a crystallization device of the crystallization device; the space between the bottom surface of the outer shell and the shell of the vacuum refining furnace is a vacuum refining chamber, three groups of refining cold beds with the same structure are arranged in the vacuum refining chamber, the refining cold beds are arranged on the bottom surface of the shell of the vacuum refining furnace, and the three groups of refining cold beds are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction;
the vacuum refining chamber is internally provided with an electron gun device which is arranged on the bottom surface of the vacuum degassing and impurity removing smelting furnace; the electron gun device comprises an electron beam heater, three refining heating electron beam gun mounting plates with the same structure are fixedly arranged on the outer edge of the electron beam heater, and the refining heating electron beam gun mounting plates are arranged right above a refining cooling bed; a plurality of refining heating electron beam guns are arranged on the bottom surface of the refining heating electron beam gun mounting plate;
the refining cold bed comprises a refining cold bed body with an open top surface, the radial inner end of the refining cold bed body is hinged to the bottom surface of the vacuum refining furnace shell, the radial outer end of the refining cold bed body is arranged on a refining cold bed support frame, and the refining cold bed support frame is arranged on the bottom surface of the vacuum refining furnace shell; the space in the refining cold bed body is a refining groove, the radial inner end of the refining groove is a discharge hole, the discharge hole of the refining groove is communicated with the feed inlet of the crystallization device, the radial outer end of the refining groove is a feed inlet, one end of a second material conveying channel is arranged right above the feed inlet of the refining groove, the second material conveying channel is arranged on the outer wall of the inner shell, the other end of the second material conveying channel extends into the main smelting chamber, and the second material conveying channel is communicated with the main smelting chamber and the refining groove;
the crystallizing device comprises a crystallizing device shell arranged at a central opening of the main support plate, the top end and the bottom end of the crystallizing device shell are both open, the open top end of the crystallizing device shell is a crystallizing device feeding hole, and the bottom end of the crystallizing device shell is provided with an ingot pulling device; the space of the shell of the crystallizing device is a cooling crystallizing cavity which is communicated with the ingot pulling device.
The invention also has the following technical characteristics:
the bottom surface of the electron beam heater is provided with a temperature compensation electron beam gun which is arranged right above the feed inlet of the crystallization device.
The refining cold bed support frame comprises a pair of vertical support plates arranged on the bottom surface of the vacuum refining furnace shell, rolling shafts are arranged in the vertical support plates, rotary drums are arranged on the rolling shafts, and the radial outer ends of the refining cold bed body are arranged on the rotary drums.
The top surface of the inner shell is also provided with three water-cooling radiators which are positioned between the adjacent consumable electrode smelting crucibles.
The bottom of the main smelting chamber is detachably provided with an impurity collecting disc; the included angle between the first material conveying channel and the horizontal direction is 30-45 degrees.
The invention also protects the vacuum degassing and impurity removing smelting furnace.
The invention also provides a molybdenum alloy smelting and recycling method, which adopts the molybdenum alloy smelting and recycling equipment; the method comprises the following steps:
step one, preparing a consumable electrode;
preparing molybdenum alloy residues, performing steam bath for 10-20 min, then performing ultrasonic cleaning for 10-20 min, drying after the ultrasonic cleaning is finished, and preparing the dried molybdenum alloy residues into cylindrical consumable electrodes;
step two, vacuum degassing and impurity removal;
putting the consumable electrode prepared in the first step on a consumable electrode placing table, reducing the vacuum pressure in a vacuum degassing and impurity removing smelting chamber to be below 10Pa, starting a direct current arc releasing device to melt the consumable electrode, starting an electromagnetic heater to heat after the consumable electrode is molten and flows into a main smelting chamber, evaporating impurity metals, and extracting metal steam; preparing molybdenum alloy molten liquid after the vacuum pressure in the vacuum degassing and impurity removing smelting chamber is stable and unchanged;
step three, refining;
simultaneously introducing the molybdenum alloy molten liquid prepared in the step two into three groups of refining cold beds, adjusting the vacuum pressure in a vacuum refining chamber to 0.5-5 Pa, and continuously refining the molybdenum alloy molten liquid at the temperature of 2680-2700 ℃ for 10-20 min by adopting a refining heating electron beam gun;
step four, preparing a recovered molybdenum alloy block;
and (3) introducing the molybdenum alloy molten liquid refined in the third step into a cooling crystallization cavity for cooling ingot casting, performing temperature compensation on the cooling crystallization cavity by using a temperature compensation electron beam gun when the ingot casting is cooled, and forming the molybdenum alloy ingot casting by using an ingot pulling device after the molybdenum alloy is cooled to obtain a recovered molybdenum alloy block.
Specifically, in the fourth step, the temperature compensation is as follows: the temperature compensation is carried out for the first time at 1900-2300 ℃, the compensation time is 5-8 min, after 40-80 s, the temperature compensation is carried out for the second time at 1770-2200 ℃, and the compensation time is 10-20 min.
Specifically, in the fourth step, the molybdenum alloy is cooled to 180-200 ℃.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following technical effects:
when the vacuum degassing and impurity removing smelting furnace is used for smelting, after molybdenum alloy melt flows into the main smelting chamber from the consumable electrode smelting crucible, high-density impurities in the molybdenum alloy melt can be settled in the main smelting chamber and low-density impurities can float upwards in the main smelting chamber when the molybdenum alloy melt is heated, and efficient impurity removal is realized through the process, so that the purity of the recovered molybdenum alloy blocks is improved.
According to the molybdenum alloy smelting and recycling equipment, the main smelting chamber and the three consumable electrode smelting crucibles are arranged in the vacuum degassing and impurity removing smelting chamber, and the smelting chamber is matched with the consumable electrode smelting crucibles, so that the smelting efficiency can be obviously improved, and the molybdenum alloy can be efficiently smelted.
(III) according to the molybdenum alloy smelting recovery method, vacuum separation of smelting impurity removal and refining purification is adopted, so that the phenomenon that the electric parameters of an electron beam gun are unstable due to rapid reduction of vacuum degree caused by volatilization of metal vapor in the refining process can be avoided; the method for smelting and recovering the molybdenum alloy can ensure the high-efficiency smelting and recovering of the molybdenum alloy and greatly improve the quality of the recovered molybdenum alloy blocks.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a molybdenum alloy smelting and recovering device.
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a vacuum degassing and impurity removing smelting furnace.
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a vacuum degassing and impurity-removing melting furnace with a consumable electrode placing table and a direct current arc discharge device.
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the structure of a vacuum refining furnace.
The meaning of the individual reference symbols in the figures is: 1-a main support frame, 2-a vacuum degassing and impurity removing smelting furnace mounting frame, 3-a vacuum degassing and impurity removing smelting furnace, 4-a vacuum refining furnace, 5-a crystallization device and 6-an ingot pulling device;
101-main supporting plate, 102-main supporting plate supporting legs;
201-a circular ring support, 202-a circular ring support leg;
301-outer shell, 302-end cover, 303-vacuum degassing and impurity removing smelting chamber, 304-inner shell, 305-main smelting chamber, 306-electromagnetic heater, 307-consumable electrode smelting crucible, 308-consumable electrode placing table, 309-direct current arc releasing device, first material conveying channel 310-, 311-negative pressure vacuum pump, 312-degassing and impurity removing vacuum pump, 313-water cooling radiator and 314-impurity collecting tray;
401-vacuum refining furnace shell, 402-vacuum refining chamber, 403-refining cooling bed, 404-electron gun device, 405-refining cooling bed support frame, 406-second material conveying channel;
501-a shell of a crystallization device, 502-a feeding hole of the crystallization device, 503-a cooling crystallization cavity;
30701-consumable electrode melting crucible shell, 30702-consumable electrode melting chamber;
40301-refining cold bed body, 40302-refining tank;
40401-electron beam heater, 40402-refined heating electron beam gun mounting plate, 40403-refined heating electron beam gun, 40404-temperature compensation electron beam gun, 40405-electron gun device mounting rod;
40501 vertical support plate, 40502 roller, 40503 drum.
The present invention will be explained in further detail with reference to examples.
Detailed Description
It is to be understood that all components and devices of the present invention are not specifically limited to those components and devices known in the art. For example, in the present invention:
the ingot puller is an ingot puller known in the art.
The dc arc discharge device is a dc arc discharge device known in the art.
Refining heating electron beam guns and temperature compensated electron beam guns are known in the art.
In the invention, the refining heating electron beam gun and the temperature compensation electron beam gun are subjected to temperature regulation by adopting a conventional mode in the prior art.
The following embodiments of the present invention are provided, and it should be noted that the present invention is not limited to the following embodiments, and all equivalent changes based on the technical solutions of the present invention are within the protection scope of the present invention.
Example 1:
the embodiment provides a vacuum degassing and impurity removing smelting furnace, as shown in fig. 1 to 3, comprising an outer shell 301, an end cover 302 detachably arranged at the top end of the outer shell 301, the bottom end of the outer shell 301 being closed, and a sealed space inside the outer shell 301 and the end cover 302 being a vacuum degassing and impurity removing smelting chamber 303; an inner shell 304 is arranged in the bottom of the vacuum degassing and impurity removing smelting chamber 303, the top end of the inner shell 304 is open, the bottom is closed, and the space in the inner shell 304 is a main smelting chamber 305; an electromagnetic heater 306 is arranged in the main smelting chamber 305, and the electromagnetic heater 306 is arranged on the inner wall of the inner shell 304;
three consumable electrode melting crucibles 307 are arranged on the top surface of the inner shell 304, and the three consumable electrode melting crucibles 307 are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction; the consumable electrode melting crucible 307 comprises a consumable electrode melting crucible shell 30701, the top end of the consumable electrode melting crucible shell 30701 is open, and the bottom end is closed, and the space in the consumable electrode melting crucible shell 30701 is a consumable electrode melting chamber 30702; a consumable electrode placing table 308 is detachably arranged at the top end of the consumable electrode melting crucible shell 30701, and a direct current arc releasing device 309 is detachably arranged on the inner wall of the consumable electrode melting crucible shell 30701;
the open top end of the consumable electrode melting crucible shell 30701 is a feed inlet, the bottom of the consumable electrode melting crucible shell 30701 is provided with a first material conveying channel 310, and the consumable electrode melting chamber 30702 is communicated with the main melting chamber 305 through the first material conveying channel 310;
a negative pressure vacuum pump 311 is arranged right above the main smelting chamber 305, and the negative pressure vacuum pump 311 is arranged at the center of the end cover 302; a degassing and impurity removing vacuum pump 312 is arranged right above the consumable electrode smelting chamber 30702, and the degassing and impurity removing vacuum pump 312 is installed at the edge of the end cover 302.
As a specific scheme of this embodiment, three water-cooled radiators 313 are further installed on the top surface of the inner housing 304, and the water-cooled radiators 313 are located between adjacent consumable electrode melting crucibles 307.
In this embodiment, the bottom of the main smelting chamber 305 is detachably provided with an impurity collecting tray 314; the included angle between the first material conveying channel 310 and the horizontal direction is 30-45 degrees.
Example 2:
the embodiment provides molybdenum alloy smelting and recycling equipment, which adopts the vacuum degassing and impurity removing smelting furnace in embodiment 1, and as shown in fig. 1 to 4, comprises a main support frame 1, wherein the main support frame 1 comprises a main support plate 101, four main support plate support legs 102 are fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the main support plate 101, and the main support plate support legs 102 are arranged in pairs in an opposite manner; a hole is formed in the center of the main supporting plate 101;
the top surface of the main supporting plate 101 is provided with a vacuum degassing and impurity removing smelting furnace mounting rack 2, the vacuum degassing and impurity removing smelting furnace mounting rack 2 comprises a circular ring support 201, and three circular ring support supporting legs 202 are fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the circular ring support 201;
a vacuum degassing and impurity removing smelting furnace 3 is installed in the circular ring support 201, a vacuum refining furnace 4 is arranged on the main support plate 101, the vacuum refining furnace 4 is positioned right below the vacuum degassing and impurity removing smelting furnace 3, and a crystallization device 5 and an ingot pulling device 6 are coaxially arranged below the vacuum refining furnace 4 in sequence;
the vacuum degassing and impurity removing smelting furnace 3 comprises an outer shell 301 arranged in a circular ring support 201, an end cover 302 is detachably arranged at the top end of the outer shell 301, the bottom end of the outer shell 301 is closed, and a sealed space in the outer shell 301 and the end cover 302 is a vacuum degassing and impurity removing smelting chamber 303; an inner shell 304 is arranged in the bottom of the vacuum degassing and impurity removing smelting chamber 303, the top end of the inner shell 304 is open, the bottom is closed, and the space in the inner shell 304 is a main smelting chamber 305; an electromagnetic heater 306 is arranged in the main smelting chamber 305, and the electromagnetic heater 306 is arranged on the inner wall of the inner shell 304;
three consumable electrode melting crucibles 307 are arranged on the top surface of the inner shell 304, and the three consumable electrode melting crucibles 307 are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction; the consumable electrode melting crucible 307 comprises a consumable electrode melting crucible shell 30701, the top end of the consumable electrode melting crucible shell 30701 is open, and the bottom end of the consumable electrode melting crucible shell 30701 is closed, and the space in the consumable electrode melting crucible shell 30701 is a consumable electrode melting chamber 30702; a consumable electrode placing table 308 is detachably arranged at the top end of the consumable electrode melting crucible shell 30701, and a direct current arc releasing device 309 is detachably arranged on the inner wall of the consumable electrode melting crucible shell 30701;
the open top end of the consumable electrode melting crucible shell 30701 is a feed inlet, the bottom of the consumable electrode melting crucible shell 30701 is provided with a first material conveying channel 310, and the consumable electrode melting chamber 30702 is communicated with the main melting chamber 305 through the first material conveying channel 310;
a negative pressure vacuum pump 311 is arranged right above the main smelting chamber 305, and the negative pressure vacuum pump 311 is arranged at the center of the end cover 302; a degassing and impurity-removing vacuum pump 312 is arranged right above the consumable electrode smelting chamber 30702, and the degassing and impurity-removing vacuum pump 312 is arranged at the edge of the end cover 302;
the vacuum refining furnace 4 comprises a vacuum refining furnace shell 401 arranged on the main supporting plate 101, the top end of the vacuum refining furnace shell 401 is sealed by the bottom surface of the outer shell 301, the center of the bottom surface of the vacuum refining furnace shell 401 is provided with a hole, and the hole is a crystallizing device feeding hole 502 of the crystallizing device 5; the space between the bottom surface of the outer shell 301 and the vacuum refining furnace shell 401 is a vacuum refining chamber 402, three groups of refining cold beds 403 with the same structure are arranged in the vacuum refining chamber 402, the refining cold beds 403 are arranged on the bottom surface of the vacuum refining furnace shell 401, and the three groups of refining cold beds 403 are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction;
an electron gun device 404 is also arranged in the vacuum refining chamber 402, and the electron gun device 404 is arranged on the bottom surface of the vacuum degassing and impurity removing smelting furnace 3; the electron gun device 404 comprises an electron beam heater 40401, three refining heating electron beam gun mounting plates 40402 with the same structure are fixedly arranged on the outer edge of the electron beam heater 40401, and the refining heating electron beam gun mounting plates 40402 are arranged right above the refining cooling bed 403; a plurality of refining heating electron beam guns 40403 are arranged on the bottom surface of the refining heating electron beam gun mounting plate 40402;
the refining cold bed 403 comprises a refining cold bed body 40301 with an open top surface, the radial inner end of the refining cold bed body 40301 is hinged to the bottom surface of the vacuum refining furnace shell 401, the radial outer end of the refining cold bed body 40301 is arranged on a refining cold bed support frame 405, and the refining cold bed support frame 405 is installed on the bottom surface of the vacuum refining furnace shell 401; the space in the refining cold bed body 40301 is a refining groove 40302, the radial inner end of the refining groove 40302 is a discharge hole, the discharge hole of the refining groove 40302 is communicated with a feed inlet 502 of the crystallization device, the radial outer end of the refining groove 40302 is a feed inlet, one end of a second material conveying channel 406 is arranged right above the feed inlet of the refining groove 40302, the second material conveying channel 406 is arranged on the outer wall of the inner shell 304, the other end of the second material conveying channel 406 extends into the main smelting chamber 305, and the second material conveying channel 406 is communicated with the main smelting chamber 305 and the refining groove 40302;
the crystallization device 5 comprises a crystallization device shell 501 arranged in the central through hole 103, the top end and the bottom end of the crystallization device shell 501 are both open, the open top end of the crystallization device shell 501 is a crystallization device feeding hole 502, and the bottom end of the crystallization device shell 501 is provided with an ingot pulling device 6; the space of the crystallizing device shell 501 is a cooling crystallizing cavity 503, and the cooling crystallizing cavity 503 is communicated with the ingot pulling device 6.
In this embodiment, the degassing and impurity-removing vacuum pump 312 is used for extracting metal vapor generated in the smelting process; in this embodiment, a sealing member is disposed at the connection between the degassing and impurity-removing vacuum pump 312 and the feeding port of the consumable electrode melting crucible 307, so as to prevent the consumable electrode from leaking during the melting process.
In this embodiment, during the melting process of the consumable electrode, a phenomenon of metal melting and gas release occurs, which may cause a rapid decrease in vacuum degree, and through the negative pressure vacuum pump 311 and the degassing and impurity removal vacuum pump 312, metal vapor generated by melting in the main melting chamber 305 and the consumable electrode melting chamber 30702 can be rapidly sucked out, so that efficient vacuum degassing and impurity removal are realized, and the degassing quality is improved.
In this embodiment, the refining heating electron beam gun 40403 is used to heat the melt in the refining cooling bed 403, and can bombard the molybdenum alloy melt in the refining cooling bed 403, thereby refining and purifying the molybdenum alloy melt.
In this embodiment, one crystallizing device 5 is adopted to cool the molybdenum alloy melt, so that the temperature compensation can be performed uniformly, the temperature consistency of the molybdenum alloy melt in the cooling process can be ensured, and the quality of the molybdenum alloy formed by ingot casting can be improved.
As a specific scheme in this embodiment, a temperature compensation electron beam gun 40404 is disposed on a bottom surface of the electron beam heater 40401, and the temperature compensation electron beam gun 40404 is disposed right above the feeding port 502 of the crystallization apparatus; in this embodiment, the temperature compensation electron beam gun 40404 is used to compensate the temperature of the surface of the molybdenum alloy melt that cools the crystallization cavity 503 to ensure the formation of a good quality molybdenum alloy ingot. In this embodiment, an electron gun apparatus mounting rod 40405 is provided on the top surface of the electron beam heater 40401 for mounting the electron gun apparatus 404.
As a specific scheme in this embodiment, the refining cooling bed support 405 includes a pair of vertical support plates 40501 installed on the bottom surface of the vacuum refining furnace shell 401, a roller 40502 is installed in the pair of vertical support plates 40501, a rotating drum 40503 is installed on the roller, and the rotating drum 40503 is provided with a radially outer end of the refining cooling bed body 40301. In this embodiment, the inclination of the refining cooling bed 403 can be finely controlled by the arrangement of the rotating drum 40503, so that the flow rate of the molybdenum alloy melt in the refining cooling bed 403 can be controlled and the refining time can be adjusted, which is beneficial to the improvement of the refining efficiency.
As a specific scheme in this embodiment, three water-cooled radiators 313 are further installed on the top surface of the inner housing 304, and the water-cooled radiators 313 are located between adjacent consumable electrode melting crucibles 307; in this embodiment, water-cooled radiator 313 can realize effectively preventing that equipment high temperature from causing the damage to the high-efficient cooling of vacuum degassing edulcoration smelting chamber 303
As a specific scheme in this embodiment, an included angle between the first material conveying channel 310 and the horizontal direction is 30 ° to 45 °, which facilitates the flow of the molybdenum alloy molten liquid; an impurity collecting tray 314 is detachably arranged at the bottom of the main smelting chamber 305, and the impurity collecting tray 314 is used for collecting impurities settled at the bottom of the main smelting chamber 305 in the smelting process.
Example 3:
the embodiment provides a molybdenum alloy smelting and recycling method, which adopts the molybdenum alloy smelting and recycling equipment in the embodiment 2, and comprises the following steps:
step one, preparing a consumable electrode;
preparing sufficient molybdenum alloy residue, performing steam bath for 10min, performing ultrasonic cleaning for 10min by using ultrasonic equipment, drying after the ultrasonic cleaning is finished, and preparing the dried molybdenum alloy residue into a cylindrical consumable electrode by using an oil press;
step two, vacuum degassing and impurity removal;
putting the consumable electrode prepared in the step one on a consumable electrode placing table 308, starting a negative pressure vacuum pump 311 after ensuring that the vacuum degassing and impurity removing smelting chamber 303 is completely sealed, and reducing the vacuum pressure in the vacuum degassing and impurity removing smelting chamber 303 to 9 Pa; starting a direct current arc releasing device 309 to melt a consumable electrode, starting an electromagnetic heater 306 to heat after the consumable electrode flows into a main smelting chamber 305, so that impurity metal is evaporated, and extracting metal vapor; preparing molybdenum alloy molten liquid after the vacuum pressure in the vacuum degassing and impurity removing smelting chamber 303 is stable and unchanged;
step three, refining;
and (3) simultaneously introducing the molybdenum alloy molten liquid prepared in the step two into three groups of refining cold beds 403, adjusting the vacuum pressure in the vacuum refining chamber 402 to 0.5Pa, and continuously refining the molybdenum alloy molten liquid for 10min at the temperature of 2680 ℃ by adopting a refining heating electron beam gun 40403.
Step four, preparing a recovered molybdenum alloy block;
introducing the molybdenum alloy molten liquid refined in the third step into a cooling crystallization cavity to cool the ingot, and performing temperature compensation on the cooling crystallization cavity 503 by using a refining heating electron beam gun 40403 during ingot cooling, wherein the temperature compensation specifically comprises the following steps: and (2) performing first temperature compensation at 2300 ℃ by using a temperature compensation electron beam gun 40404, wherein the compensation time is 5min, closing the temperature compensation electron beam gun 40404, starting the temperature compensation electron beam gun 40404 again after the interval of 40s, performing second temperature compensation at 2200 ℃ for 10min, cooling the molybdenum alloy to 180 ℃, and then forming the molybdenum alloy ingot by using an ingot pulling device 6 to obtain the recovered molybdenum alloy block.
In this embodiment, the scanning temperature and power of the temperature compensation electron beam gun 40404 may be continuously adjusted according to the actual production requirement and the temperature distribution image fed back by the infrared camera, so as to ensure that the temperature distribution of the surface of the molybdenum alloy melt in the cooling crystallization cavity 503 is uniform. By continuously scanning the temperature and the power, the local overheating can be prevented, and the phenomena that the volatilization rate of the molybdenum alloy melt is too high, the surface of an ingot is easy to generate 'hot cracks' and the like are avoided; and the local temperature can be prevented from being too low, so that a complete molten pool is formed in the cooling crystallization cavity 503, and gas in the molybdenum alloy molten liquid is discharged in time without forming subcutaneous air holes.
In the embodiment, after the volatilization and purification of impurities with high specific gravity, low specific gravity and the like are completed in the vacuum refining chamber 402, the molybdenum alloy enters the ingot pulling chamber to be cooled into ingots, and the molybdenum alloy is cooled to 180-200 ℃, so that the macroscopic defect of the ingots can be guaranteed, the internal structure is compact, the components are free of segregation, and the defects such as inclusions, air holes and the like are avoided.
In this example, the diameter of the recovered molybdenum alloy ingot was 50mm, the height thereof was 40mm, and the recovered molybdenum alloy ingot was analyzed, and the analysis results are shown in table 1.
Example 4:
the embodiment provides a molybdenum alloy smelting and recycling method, which adopts the molybdenum alloy smelting and recycling equipment in the embodiment 2, and comprises the following steps:
in this example, the first step is substantially the same as the first step of example 3, except that the steam bath time is 20min, and the ultrasonic cleaning time is 20 min.
In this example, the second step is substantially the same as the second step of example 3, except that the vacuum pressure in the vacuum degassing and impurity-removing melting chamber 303 is 5 Pa.
In this example, step three is substantially the same as step three of example 3, except that the vacuum pressure in the vacuum refining chamber 402 is 5 Pa; the refining time of the refining heating electron beam gun 40403 is 20min, and the refining temperature is 2700 ℃.
In this embodiment, the fourth step is substantially the same as the fourth step in embodiment 3, except that the temperature of the first temperature compensation is 1800 ℃, the compensation time is 8min, the second temperature compensation is performed after an interval time of 40s, the temperature of the second temperature compensation is 1770 ℃, and the compensation time is 20 min; the molybdenum alloy is cooled to 200 ℃.
In this example, the diameter of the recovered molybdenum alloy ingot was 50mm, the height thereof was 40mm, and the recovered molybdenum alloy ingot was analyzed, and the analysis results are shown in table 1.
Example 5:
the embodiment provides a molybdenum alloy smelting and recycling method, which adopts the molybdenum alloy smelting and recycling equipment in embodiment 1, and comprises the following steps:
in this example, the first step is substantially the same as the first step of example 3, except that the steam bath time is 15min, and the ultrasonic cleaning time is 15 min.
In this example, the second step is substantially the same as the second step of example 3, except that the vacuum pressure in the vacuum degassing and impurity-removing melting chamber 303 is 2.5 Pa.
In this example, step three is substantially the same as step three of example 3, except that the vacuum pressure in the vacuum refining chamber 402 is 5 Pa; the refining time of the refining heating electron beam gun 40403 is 15min, and the refining temperature is 2690 ℃.
In this embodiment, the fourth step is substantially the same as the fourth step in embodiment 3, except that the temperature for the first temperature compensation is 2100 ℃, the compensation time is 6min, the second temperature compensation is performed after the interval time of 60s, the temperature for the second temperature compensation is 1950 ℃, and the compensation time is 15 min; the molybdenum alloy is cooled to 190 ℃.
In this example, the diameter of the recovered molybdenum alloy ingot was 50mm, the height thereof was 40mm, and the recovered molybdenum alloy ingot was analyzed, and the analysis results are shown in table 1.
Table 1: average melting speed of each example and nitrogen and oxygen content in corresponding molybdenum alloy block
Examples Average smelting speed kg/min Nitrogen content% Oxygen content%
Example 3 16 0.005 0.032
Example 4 18 0.005 0.033
Example 5 19 0.004 0.031
As can be seen from table 1, the main melting chamber 305 and the three consumable electrode melting crucibles 307 are arranged in the vacuum degassing and impurity removing melting chamber 303, and the electromagnetic heater 306 and the dc arc releasing device 309 are respectively used for heating and melting, so that the melting efficiency can be greatly improved; through vacuum degassing and impurity removal, high-efficiency refining and purification can be performed in the vacuum refining chamber 402, and the finally prepared recovered molybdenum alloy block is relatively low in nitrogen and oxygen content and high in purity. Among the three examples, example 5 is the most preferred embodiment.

Claims (10)

1. The molybdenum alloy smelting and recycling equipment comprises a main support frame (1), wherein the main support frame (1) comprises a main support plate (101), four main support plate supporting legs (102) are fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the main support plate (101), and the main support plate supporting legs (102) are arranged in a pairwise opposite mode; it is characterized in that the center of the main supporting plate (101) is provided with a hole;
the top surface of the main supporting plate (101) is provided with a vacuum degassing and impurity removing smelting furnace mounting rack (2), the vacuum degassing and impurity removing smelting furnace mounting rack (2) comprises a circular ring support (201), and the bottom surface of the circular ring support (201) is fixedly connected with three circular ring support supporting legs (202);
a vacuum degassing and impurity removing smelting furnace (3) is installed in the circular ring support (201), a vacuum refining furnace (4) is arranged on the main support plate (101), the vacuum refining furnace (4) is positioned right below the vacuum degassing and impurity removing smelting furnace (3), a crystallizing device (5) and an ingot pulling device (6) are coaxially arranged below the vacuum refining furnace (4) in sequence, and the top of the crystallizing device (5) is arranged in a central opening of the main support plate (101);
the vacuum degassing and impurity removing smelting furnace (3) comprises an outer shell (301) arranged in a circular ring support (201), an end cover (302) is detachably arranged at the top end of the outer shell (301), the bottom end of the outer shell (301) is closed, and a sealed space in the outer shell (301) and the end cover (302) is a vacuum degassing and impurity removing smelting chamber (303); an inner shell (304) is arranged at the bottom of the vacuum degassing and impurity removing smelting chamber (303), the top end of the inner shell (304) is open, the bottom is closed, and the space in the inner shell (304) is a main smelting chamber (305); an electromagnetic heater (306) is arranged in the main smelting chamber (305), and the electromagnetic heater (306) is arranged on the inner wall of the inner shell (304);
the top surface of the inner shell (304) is provided with three consumable electrode smelting crucibles (307), and the three consumable electrode smelting crucibles (307) are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction; the consumable electrode melting crucible (307) comprises a consumable electrode melting crucible shell (30701), the top end of the consumable electrode melting crucible shell (30701) is open, and the bottom end is closed, and the space in the consumable electrode melting crucible shell (30701) is a consumable electrode melting chamber (30702); a consumable electrode placing table (308) is detachably arranged at the top end of the consumable electrode smelting crucible shell (30701), and a direct current arc releasing device (309) is detachably arranged on the inner wall of the consumable electrode smelting crucible shell (30701);
the open top end of the consumable electrode smelting crucible shell (30701) is a feed inlet, the bottom of the consumable electrode smelting crucible shell (30701) is provided with a first material conveying channel (310), and the consumable electrode smelting chamber (30702) is communicated with the main smelting chamber (305) through the first material conveying channel (310);
a negative pressure vacuum pump (311) is arranged right above the main smelting chamber (305), and the negative pressure vacuum pump (311) is arranged at the center of the end cover (302); a degassing and impurity-removing vacuum pump (312) is arranged right above the consumable electrode smelting chamber (30702), and the degassing and impurity-removing vacuum pump (312) is arranged at the edge of the end cover (302);
the vacuum refining furnace (4) comprises a vacuum refining furnace shell (401) arranged on a main supporting plate (101), the top end of the vacuum refining furnace shell (401) is sealed by the bottom surface of the outer shell (301), the center of the bottom surface of the vacuum refining furnace shell (401) is provided with a hole, and the hole is a crystallizing device feeding hole (502) of a crystallizing device (5); the space between the bottom surface of the outer shell (301) and the vacuum refining furnace shell (401) is a vacuum refining chamber (402), three groups of refining cold beds (403) with the same structure are arranged in the vacuum refining chamber (402), the refining cold beds (403) are arranged on the bottom surface of the vacuum refining furnace shell (401), and the three groups of refining cold beds (403) are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction;
an electron gun device (404) is also arranged in the vacuum refining chamber (402), and the electron gun device (404) is arranged on the bottom surface of the vacuum degassing and impurity removing smelting furnace (3); the electron gun device (404) comprises an electron beam heater (40401), three refining heating electron beam gun mounting plates (40402) with the same structure are fixedly arranged on the outer edge of the electron beam heater (40401), and the refining heating electron beam gun mounting plates (40402) are arranged right above the refining cooling bed (403); a plurality of refining heating electron beam guns (40403) are arranged on the bottom surface of the refining heating electron beam gun mounting plate (40402);
the refining cold bed (403) comprises a refining cold bed body (40301) with an open top surface, the radial inner end of the refining cold bed body (40301) is hinged to the bottom surface of the vacuum refining furnace shell (401), the radial outer end of the refining cold bed body (40301) is arranged on a refining cold bed support frame (405), and the refining cold bed support frame (405) is arranged on the bottom surface of the vacuum refining furnace shell (401); the refining device is characterized in that a refining groove (40302) is arranged in the refining cold bed body (40301), a discharge hole is formed in the radial inner end of the refining groove (40302), the discharge hole of the refining groove (40302) leads to a feed inlet (502) of the crystallizing device, a feed inlet is formed in the radial outer end of the refining groove (40302), one end of a second material conveying channel (406) is arranged right above the feed inlet of the refining groove (40302), the second material conveying channel (406) is arranged on the outer wall of the inner shell (304), the other end of the second material conveying channel (406) extends into the main smelting chamber (305), and the second material conveying channel (406) is communicated with the main smelting chamber (305) and the refining groove (40302);
the crystallizing device (5) comprises a crystallizing device shell (501) arranged at a central opening of the main supporting plate (101), the top end and the bottom end of the crystallizing device shell (501) are both open, the open top end of the crystallizing device shell (501) is a crystallizing device feeding hole (502), and the bottom end of the crystallizing device shell (501) is provided with an ingot pulling device (6); the space of the crystallization device shell (501) is a cooling crystallization cavity (503), and the cooling crystallization cavity (503) is communicated with the ingot pulling device (6).
2. The molybdenum alloy smelting and recycling equipment according to claim 1, wherein the bottom surface of the electron beam heater (40401) is provided with a temperature compensation electron beam gun (40404), and the temperature compensation electron beam gun (40404) is arranged right above the feeding port (502) of the crystallizing device.
3. The molybdenum alloy smelting and recycling equipment according to claim 1, wherein the refining cooling bed support frame (405) comprises a pair of vertical support plates (40501) installed on the bottom surface of the vacuum refining furnace shell (401), rollers (40502) are installed in the pair of vertical support plates (40501), a rotating drum (40503) is installed on the rollers, and the radially outer end of the refining cooling bed body (40301) is arranged on the rotating drum (40503).
4. The molybdenum alloy melting and recycling equipment according to claim 1, wherein three water-cooled radiators (313) are further installed on the top surface of the inner shell (304), and the water-cooled radiators (313) are located between adjacent consumable electrode melting crucibles (307).
5. The molybdenum alloy smelting recovery plant according to claim 1, wherein the bottom of the main smelting chamber (305) is detachably provided with an impurity collecting tray (314); the included angle between the first material conveying channel (310) and the horizontal direction is 30-45 degrees.
6. A molybdenum alloy smelting and recycling method is characterized in that the method adopts the molybdenum alloy smelting and recycling equipment as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 5; the method comprises the following steps:
step one, preparing a consumable electrode;
preparing molybdenum alloy residues, performing steam bath for 10-20 min, then performing ultrasonic cleaning for 10-20 min, drying after the ultrasonic cleaning is finished, and preparing the dried molybdenum alloy residues into cylindrical consumable electrodes;
step two, vacuum degassing and impurity removal;
putting the consumable electrode prepared in the step one on a consumable electrode placing table (308), reducing the vacuum pressure in a vacuum degassing and impurity removing smelting chamber (303) to be below 10Pa, starting a direct current arc release device (309) to melt the consumable electrode, starting an electromagnetic heater (306) to heat after the consumable electrode is melted and flows into a main smelting chamber (305), so that impurity metals are evaporated, and extracting metal steam; preparing molybdenum alloy molten liquid after the vacuum pressure in the vacuum degassing and impurity removing smelting chamber (303) is stable and unchanged;
step three, refining;
simultaneously introducing the molybdenum alloy molten liquid prepared in the step two into three groups of refining cold beds (403), adjusting the vacuum pressure in a vacuum refining chamber (402) to 0.5-5 Pa, and continuously refining the molybdenum alloy molten liquid at the temperature of 2680-2700 ℃ for 10-20 min by adopting a refining heating electron beam gun (40403);
step four, preparing a recovered molybdenum alloy block;
and (3) introducing the molybdenum alloy molten liquid refined in the step three into a cooling crystallization cavity for cooling ingot casting, performing temperature compensation on the cooling crystallization cavity (503) by using a temperature compensation electron beam gun (40404) when the ingot casting is cooled, and forming the molybdenum alloy ingot casting by using an ingot pulling device (6) after the molybdenum alloy is cooled to obtain the recovered molybdenum alloy block.
7. The molybdenum alloy smelting recovery method of claim 6, wherein in step four, the temperature compensation is: the temperature compensation is carried out for the first time at 1900-2300 ℃, the compensation time is 5-8 min, after 40-80 s, the temperature compensation is carried out for the second time at 1770-2200 ℃, and the compensation time is 10-20 min.
8. The molybdenum alloy smelting recovery method of claim 6, wherein in the fourth step, the molybdenum alloy is cooled to 180-200 ℃.
9. A vacuum degassing and impurity removing smelting furnace is characterized by comprising an outer shell (301), wherein an end cover (302) is detachably arranged at the top end of the outer shell (301), the bottom end of the outer shell (301) is closed, and a sealed space in the outer shell (301) and the end cover (302) is a vacuum degassing and impurity removing smelting chamber (303); an inner shell (304) is arranged at the bottom of the vacuum degassing and impurity removing smelting chamber (303), the top end of the inner shell (304) is open, the bottom is closed, and the space in the inner shell (304) is a main smelting chamber (305); an electromagnetic heater (306) is arranged in the main smelting chamber (305), and the electromagnetic heater (306) is arranged on the inner wall of the inner shell (304);
the top surface of the inner shell (304) is provided with three consumable electrode melting crucibles (307), and the three consumable electrode melting crucibles (307) are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction; the consumable electrode melting crucible (307) comprises a consumable electrode melting crucible shell (30701), the top end of the consumable electrode melting crucible shell (30701) is open, and the bottom end is closed, and the space in the consumable electrode melting crucible shell (30701) is a consumable electrode melting chamber (30702); a consumable electrode placing table (308) is detachably arranged at the top end of the consumable electrode smelting crucible shell (30701), and a direct current arc releasing device (309) is detachably arranged on the inner wall of the consumable electrode smelting crucible shell (30701);
the open top end of the consumable electrode smelting crucible shell (30701) is provided with a feed inlet, the bottom of the consumable electrode smelting crucible shell (30701) is provided with a first material conveying channel (310), and the consumable electrode smelting chamber (30702) is communicated with the main smelting chamber (305) through the first material conveying channel (310);
a negative pressure vacuum pump (311) is arranged right above the main smelting chamber (305), and the negative pressure vacuum pump (311) is arranged at the center of the end cover (302); and a degassing and impurity-removing vacuum pump (312) is arranged right above the consumable electrode smelting chamber (30702), and the degassing and impurity-removing vacuum pump (312) is arranged at the edge of the end cover (302).
10. The vacuum degassing and edulcoration smelting furnace as claimed in claim 9, characterized in that three water cooled radiators (313) are also installed on the top surface of the inner shell (304), the water cooled radiators (313) being located between adjacent consumable electrode smelting crucibles (307).
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