CN114087612B - Distributed biomass and garbage incineration treatment system - Google Patents
Distributed biomass and garbage incineration treatment system Download PDFInfo
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- CN114087612B CN114087612B CN202210000937.3A CN202210000937A CN114087612B CN 114087612 B CN114087612 B CN 114087612B CN 202210000937 A CN202210000937 A CN 202210000937A CN 114087612 B CN114087612 B CN 114087612B
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
- F23G5/008—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor adapted for burning two or more kinds, e.g. liquid and solid, of waste being fed through separate inlets
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
- F23G5/02—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor with pretreatment
- F23G5/04—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor with pretreatment drying
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
- F23G5/44—Details; Accessories
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
- F23G5/44—Details; Accessories
- F23G5/46—Recuperation of heat
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G2206/00—Waste heat recuperation
- F23G2206/10—Waste heat recuperation reintroducing the heat in the same process, e.g. for predrying
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Abstract
The invention provides a distributed biomass and garbage incineration treatment system, which comprises a biomass drying cylinder, an incinerator, a waste heat boiler and a heat exchanger which are sequentially connected, wherein the biomass drying cylinder comprises a rotatable cylinder body and a rotating shaft penetrating through the cylinder body, the rotating shaft and the cylinder body are coaxially arranged, the rotating direction is opposite, the rotating shaft is provided with a plurality of stirring rods and is provided with air passages, and the stirring rods are axially provided with air holes communicated with the air passages; burn burning furnace and include first furnace body and second furnace body, be provided with the connecting plate between first furnace body and the second furnace body, seted up the passageway on the connecting plate, the passageway is provided with open closed gate, is provided with the intermediate layer on the oven of two furnace bodies, and the spiral is provided with the wind channel in the intermediate layer, and the wind hole in a plurality of intercommunication furnace and wind channel is seted up to the oven inboard, and second furnace body upper portion is provided with the smoke chamber. According to the invention, the biomass and the garbage are treated cooperatively, the ash and slag after combustion are respectively recovered, the waste heat is recovered after the flue gas is collected, and the flue gas is purified, so that the treatment effect is good.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of waste incineration devices, in particular to a distributed biomass and waste incineration treatment system.
Background
The biomass energy is a distributed renewable energy source, has the characteristics of green, low carbon, cleanness, renewability and the like, generally refers to biomass generated by agriculture and forestry, and comprises lignocellulose (lignin for short) such as straws and trees, agricultural product processing industry leftovers, agriculture and forestry waste and the like, in rural areas, biomass such as redundant straws and household garbage and the like are taken as waste to be incinerated outdoors by residents to generate a large amount of waste gas and ash slag, so that not only is air and soil polluted, but also the energy source cannot be reasonably utilized.
In recent years, along with the national attention on biomass energy and garbage treatment, firewood-saving oven and straw gasification system are applied, but distributed biomass energy and household garbage are co-incinerated and treated with certain difficulty, because of the existence of heavy metal, glass, plastics and other inorganic matters in the household garbage, and the biomass is organic matter, and is incinerated at the same time, the rest products are mixed together and cannot be simultaneously utilized, the screening has great difficulty, a large amount of equipment is needed for the separate incineration treatment of the distributed biomass energy and the household garbage, not only the investment cost is large, but also the occupied area is large, and the distributed biomass energy needs to be dried before incineration, a heater is additionally arranged during general drying, and the energy is consumed.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of this, the invention aims to provide a distributed biomass and garbage incineration treatment system, which can effectively solve the technical problem that the distributed biomass and household garbage are not easy to be incinerated cooperatively.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is realized as follows:
a distributed biomass and garbage incineration treatment system comprises a biomass drying cylinder, an incinerator, a waste heat boiler and a heat exchanger which are sequentially connected, wherein the biomass drying cylinder comprises a rotatable cylinder body and a rotating shaft penetrating through the cylinder body, the rotating shaft and the cylinder body are coaxially arranged, the rotating direction is opposite, a plurality of stirring rods are arranged on the rotating shaft, an air passage is axially formed in the rotating shaft, and air holes communicated with the air passage are axially formed in the stirring rods; burn burning furnace and include first furnace body and second furnace body, first furnace body intercommunication living beings drying cylinder, first furnace body with be provided with the connecting plate between the second furnace body, set up the passageway of intercommunication first furnace body and second furnace body on the connecting plate, be provided with open closed gate on the passageway, be provided with the intermediate layer on the oven of first furnace body and second furnace body, the interior spiral of intermediate layer is provided with the wind channel, and the wind hole in a plurality of intercommunication furnace and wind channel is seted up to the oven inboard, and second furnace body upper portion is provided with the smoke chamber that is used for the flue gas burning, smoke chamber intercommunication exhaust-heat boiler, the epaxial air flue of hot gas outlet intercommunication living beings drying cylinder that heat exchanger upper portion set up.
This set up rational in infrastructure, can easily distributed living beings and domestic waste burn in coordination, the flue gas of first furnace body can be remitted the second furnace body and discharge, and the wind channel can be simultaneously to first furnace body and second furnace body air feed, and the flue gas heat that the burning produced can obtain make full use of to can provide required temperature for biomass drying, the distributed living beings that have significantly reduced and domestic waste separately burn required equipment, practiced thrift the energy.
Further, a plurality of puddlers set up in groups along pivot axial interval, and every group puddler sets up along pivot circumference interval, and the puddler tip is buckled into the arc along pivot rotation direction, is connected with the strengthening rib between each puddler in every group.
This setting can evenly dry to the living beings are avoided gluing the wall to the tip combustion gas of puddler, and the puddler is avoided to the strengthening rib to warp, discharges smoothly with the assurance air current.
Furthermore, a sliding block is arranged on one side of the gate facing the channel, a slide way is correspondingly arranged on the channel, the sliding block is movably arranged on the slide way, the end part of the gate is connected with an air cylinder, the air cylinder is arranged on the upper part of the incinerator, and the air cylinder drives the gate to move up and down along the slide way through the sliding block. Should set up the gate and open and close and adjust the size with control passage, control the flue gas flow between first furnace body and the second furnace body.
Furthermore, the position that is provided with the wind hole on the burning furnace oven corresponds and is provided with the slide valve, the slide valve includes telescopic link and clamp plate, telescopic link and clamp plate fixed connection, and set up in the intermediate layer, the clamp plate can cover wind hole department or throw off the wind hole under the telescopic link drives. The device can control the flow of combustion-supporting air in each direction of the two furnace bodies so as to ensure the normal combustion in each furnace body.
Furthermore, the lower part of the first furnace body or the second furnace body is provided with an air duct opening, one end of the air duct opening is communicated with the air duct, and the other end of the air duct opening is connected with the fan. The air duct opening supplies air to the air ducts of the first furnace body and the second furnace body so as to provide combustion-supporting air.
Furthermore, a biomass material port is formed in the furnace wall of the first furnace body and is communicated with the biomass drying cylinder, a garbage inlet is formed in the furnace wall of the second furnace body, a smoke outlet is formed in the top of the second furnace body and is communicated with the smoke chamber, and burners are arranged on the lower portions of the first furnace body and the second furnace body and extend to fire grates arranged in the furnace chambers of the first furnace body and the second furnace body respectively. The biomass and the household garbage are respectively combusted in the same incinerator to ensure the separation and recovery of ash after combustion.
Furthermore, a baffle is arranged between the smoke chamber and the hearth of the second furnace body, a smoke port is formed in the baffle, the smoke chamber is provided with a spiral smoke channel, one end of the smoke channel is communicated with the smoke port, the other end of the smoke channel is communicated with a smoke outlet at the top of the second furnace body, and a combustor is connected to the position, close to the smoke port, of the smoke chamber. The smoke in the smoke chamber is combusted again to burn the fly ash and unburned gas so as to remove harmful substances such as dioxin and the like.
Further, the heat exchanger middle part is provided with the heat accumulator, the heat accumulator is rotatable to be set up, set up the baffle between heat accumulator upper surface and the heat exchanger top, separate for first chamber and second chamber by last baffle, first chamber is provided with the heat transfer exhanst gas outlet, the second chamber is provided with the steam outlet, set up down the baffle between heat accumulator lower surface and the heat exchanger bottom, separate for third chamber and fourth chamber by lower baffle, the third chamber sets up the heat transfer flue gas entry, the fourth chamber is connected with the draught fan, the inherent heat transfer flue gas entry upper portion in third chamber is provided with the dusting layer. The heat exchanger is used for realizing continuous heat storage, and the dedusting layer is used for dedusting the flue gas, so that the flying ash is prevented from being attached to the heat storage body to influence the heat storage effect, and the attached flying ash is prevented from entering the introduced air.
Furthermore, the dust removal layer is conical and comprises an upper filter plate and a lower filter plate, dust removal particles are filled between the upper filter plate and the lower filter plate, a filler inlet communicated with the dust removal layer is formed in the side wall of the third cavity, and a filler outlet communicated with the dust removal layer is formed in the bottom of the third cavity. Can be convenient for the change of dust removal granule to guarantee dust removal effect.
Furthermore, one end of the waste heat boiler is provided with a flue gas inlet, the other end of the waste heat boiler is provided with a flue gas outlet, the flue gas inlet is communicated with a smoke outlet of the incinerator, the flue gas outlet is respectively communicated with a smoke exhaust pipeline and a heat exchange flue gas inlet of the heat exchanger, the heat exchange flue gas outlet of the heat exchanger is communicated with the smoke exhaust pipeline, and the smoke exhaust pipeline is connected with a flue gas purification device. The flue gas after the heat exchange of the waste heat boiler can directly enter a smoke exhaust pipeline, and also can be extracted to enter a heat exchanger for heat exchange and is adjusted according to the requirement.
Compared with the prior art, the distributed biomass and garbage incineration treatment system has the following advantages that:
(1) according to the invention, distributed biomass and household garbage enter the incinerator, the biomass is combusted in the first furnace body, the household garbage is combusted in the second furnace body, smoke generated by the first furnace body enters the second furnace body through a channel between the furnace bodies, a preheating effect is realized on the second furnace body, unburned gas in the smoke generated by biomass combustion can be combusted secondarily, the combustion is sufficient, the smoke in the second furnace body enters the smoke chamber for secondary combustion, the elimination of toxic substances such as dioxin and the like is facilitated, the incinerator plays a role in collaborative incineration treatment, burned ash and slag can be respectively recovered, the burned smoke is collected for waste heat recovery, and the smoke heat is used for drying operation of the distributed biomass, so that the resource utilization rate is high;
(2) the air channels of the first furnace body and the second furnace body are communicated, the fan can supply air to the air channels of the first furnace body and the second furnace body simultaneously, the fan can be saved relative to a split type incinerator, and further energy is saved, and each air hole in the air channel can be selectively opened and closed according to the combustion condition, so that the air supply in one furnace body is not influenced by the other air hole;
(3) the biomass drying cylinder has the advantages that the rotating directions of the biomass drying cylinder and the rotating shaft are opposite, the pile turning effect is better realized, the biomass drying degree in the whole cylinder body is uniform, the airflow for drying in the cylinder body is approximately opposite to the rotating direction of the cylinder body, the purging effect on biomass attached to the cylinder body can be realized, and wall sticking is prevented.
(4) The heat exchanger collects the heat in the flue gas and supplies the heat to the biomass drying drum for drying, so that the energy is recycled, and the resource utilization degree is high.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate an embodiment of the invention and, together with the description, serve to explain the invention and not to limit the invention. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a distributed biomass and waste incineration system according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of a biomass dryer cartridge according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a biomass dryer cartridge according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of an incinerator according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view taken at A-A in FIG. 4 according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the embodiment of the present invention at B-B in FIG. 4;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of the present invention at C-C of FIG. 6;
FIG. 8 is an enlarged view taken at D of FIG. 4 in accordance with the present invention;
FIG. 9 is an enlarged view of the invention at E in FIG. 4;
FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of a heat exchanger according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Description of reference numerals:
1. a biomass drying cylinder; 11. a barrel; 12. a first end enclosure; 121. a feed inlet; 13. a second end enclosure; 131. a discharge port; 132. an exhaust gas vent; 14. a spindle motor; 15. drying the pipe orifice; 16. a rotating shaft; 161. an airway; 162. a stirring rod; 163. air holes; 164. reinforcing ribs; 2. an incinerator; 21. a first furnace body; 211. a biomass material port; 212. a first burner; 213. a first burner interface; 214. a first grate; 22. a second furnace body; 221. a waste inlet; 222. a smoke outlet; 223. a second combustor; 224. a second grate; 225. a second burner interface; 226. an air duct opening; 23. a cylinder; 231. a gate; 232. a slider; 24. a connecting plate; 241. a channel; 242. a slideway; 25. an interlayer; 251. an air duct; 252. a partition plate; 253. a wind hole; 254. a gate valve; 2541. pressing a plate; 2542. a telescopic rod; 26. a smoking chamber; 261. a splint; 262. a flue gas port; 263. a third burner; 264. a flue gas channel; 3. a waste heat boiler; 31. a water tank; 311. a water inlet; 312. a steam outlet; 313. a water outlet; 32. a heating section; 321. a flue gas inlet; 322. a flue gas outlet; 4. a heat exchanger; 40. an upper partition plate; 401. a first chamber; 402. a second chamber; 41. a hot gas outlet; 42. a heat exchange flue gas outlet; 43. a heat exchange flue gas inlet; 44. an induced draft fan; 47. a heat accumulator; 471. an output shaft; 472. a third chamber; 473. a fourth chamber; 48. a dust removal layer; 481. a lower filter plate; 482. a filler outlet; 483. a filler inlet; 484. an upper filter plate; 485. a lower partition plate; 5. a smoke exhaust duct; 6. a fourth fan; 7. a third fan; 8. a first fan; 9. and a second fan.
Detailed Description
It should be noted that the embodiments and features of the embodiments may be combined with each other without conflict.
The descriptions in this document referring to "first", "second", "upper", "lower", etc. are for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, the definition of "first" or "second" feature may explicitly or implicitly include at least one such feature, with "upper" or "lower" referring to the actual mounting orientation. In addition, the technical solutions in the embodiments may be combined with each other, but it is necessary that a person skilled in the art can realize the combination, and the technical solutions in the embodiments are within the protection scope of the present invention.
The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the embodiments with reference to the attached drawings.
Embodiment one, a distributed biomass and waste incineration processing system, as shown in fig. 1, includes a biomass drying cylinder 1, an incinerator 2, a waste heat boiler 3 and a heat exchanger 4 connected in sequence, the biomass drying cylinder 1 includes a cylinder 11, the cylinder 11 is disposed in an inclined manner so as to move biomass materials to an outlet, one end of the cylinder 11 is provided with a first end enclosure 12, the other end is provided with a second end enclosure 13, the cylinder 11 is rotatably connected with the first end enclosure 12 and the second end enclosure 13, the upper portion of the first end enclosure 12 is provided with a feed inlet 121, the feed inlet 121 extends into the cylinder 11 for inputting crushed biomass, the upper portion of the second end enclosure 13 is provided with a waste gas outlet 132 for discharging waste gas generated by drying, the lower portion is provided with a discharge outlet 131 for discharging dried biomass, the waste gas outlet 132 and the discharge outlet 131 are both connected with the inside of the cylinder 11, the cylinder 11 is driven by a driving motor to rotate a gear on the cylinder 11, one end of the first end enclosure 12 is connected with a rotating shaft motor 14, the rotating shaft motor 14 is connected with a rotating shaft penetrating in the cylinder body 11, and the end part of the second end enclosure 13 is also connected with a drying pipe orifice 15 so as to introduce hot air or natural air into the cylinder body 11 for drying;
the incinerator 2 comprises a first furnace body 21 and a second furnace body 22 which are connected, a biomass material port 211 is arranged on the side wall of the first furnace body 21, the biomass material port 211 is communicated with a material outlet 131, the lower part of the first furnace body 21 is conical and is connected with a first burner 212, a first fan 8 is further connected to the first burner 212, a garbage inlet 221 and a smoke outlet 222 are arranged on the upper part of the second furnace body 22, household garbage is thrown into the garbage inlet 221, the smoke outlet 222 is used for discharging smoke generated in the first furnace body 21 and the second furnace body 22, a third fan 7 is connected to the side wall of the second furnace body 22 and provides combustion-supporting air for combustion in the two furnace bodies, the lower part of the second furnace body 22 is conical and is connected with a second burner 223, and the second burner 223 is further connected with a second fan 9;
the waste heat boiler 3 comprises a water tank 31 and a heating part 32, one end of the heating part 32 is a flue gas inlet 321, the other end of the heating part 32 is a flue gas outlet 322, the flue gas inlet 321 is communicated with a smoke exhaust port 222, the flue gas outlet 322 is respectively communicated with a smoke exhaust pipeline 5 and a heat exchanger 4, the waste heat boiler 3 recovers waste heat of incinerated high-temperature flue gas, one end of the water tank 31 is a water inlet 311, the other end of the water tank is provided with a water outlet 313, the top of the water tank is provided with a steam outlet 312, the waste heat boiler 3 can generate steam and/or hot water required by life, and the connection mode of the water tank 31 and the heating part 32 is the prior art and is not described again;
a heat exchange flue gas inlet 43 is arranged on one side of the lower part of the heat exchanger 4, an induced draft fan 44 is arranged on the other side, the heat exchange flue gas inlet 43 is communicated with a flue gas outlet 322, a valve body is arranged at a position close to the flue gas outlet 322 to regulate and control the flow of flue gas entering the heat exchanger 4, a smoke exhaust pipeline 5 is connected between the flue gas outlet 322 and the valve body, a heat exchange flue gas outlet 42 and a hot gas outlet 41 are arranged on the upper part of the heat exchanger 4, the heat exchange flue gas outlet 42 is communicated with the smoke exhaust pipeline 5, the flue gas after heat exchange is input into the smoke exhaust pipeline 5 for further purification treatment, preferably, the smoke exhaust pipeline 5 is communicated with a waste gas port 132 (not shown in the figure) so as to lead waste gas generated by drying in the biomass drying cylinder 1 to be converged into the smoke exhaust pipeline 5 for common treatment, the hot gas outlet 41 is communicated with the drying pipe port 15 through a pipeline to collect and input heat in the biomass drying cylinder 1 for drying, and a fourth fan 6 is arranged between the hot gas outlet 41 and the drying pipe port 15, the fourth fan 6 is connected on the pipeline between the hot air outlet 41 and the drying pipe orifice 15 through a valve body to adjust the temperature of hot air entering the drying cylinder and prevent the drying temperature from being too high.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 2 and 3, the biomass drying cylinder 1 further includes a rotating shaft 16 penetrating through the cylinder 11, the rotating shaft 16 is coaxial with the cylinder 11 and has opposite rotating directions, the rotating shaft 16 is provided with a plurality of stirring rods 162, the rotating shaft 16 is provided with an air passage 161 along the axial direction, and the stirring rods 162 are provided with air holes 163 communicating with the air passage 161 along the axial direction; a plurality of puddlers 162 set up in groups along the 16 axial of pivot, and even interval sets up, every group puddler 162 sets up along 16 circumference intervals of pivot, puddler 162 tip is the arc along 16 rotation direction of pivot buckles, be connected with strengthening rib 164 between each puddler 162 in every group, prevent that each puddler 162 warp, influence the blowing of steam, end rotatable coupling of stoving mouth of pipe 15 and pivot 16, communicate with air flue 161, input steam dries the living beings in to barrel 11, because pivot 16 rotates the opposite direction with barrel 11, puddler 162 stirs against the rolling direction of living beings, guarantee the homogeneity of living beings stoving, and the air current is blown against the rolling direction of living beings, can dry and sweep the living beings of adhesion on barrel 11 inner wall, prevent to glue the wall.
Further, as shown in fig. 4 to 9, a connecting plate 24 is disposed between the first furnace body 21 and the second furnace body 22, a channel 241 communicating the first furnace body 21 and the second furnace body 22 is disposed on the connecting plate 24, an openable and closable shutter 231 is disposed on the channel 241, a slider 232 is disposed on one side of the shutter 231 facing the channel 241, a slide 242 is correspondingly disposed on the channel 241, the slider 232 is movably disposed on the slide 242, an air cylinder 23 is connected to an end of the shutter 231, the air cylinder 23 is disposed on an upper portion of the incinerator 2, and between the first furnace body 21 and the second furnace body 22, the air cylinder 23 drives the shutter 231 to move downwards along the slide 242 through the slider 232, cover the channel 241 and move upwards along the slide 242, separate from the channel 241, the shutter 231 can adjust the size of the channel 241, the shutter 231 is adjusted mainly when the first furnace body 21 or the second furnace body 22 is started first, so that the combustion temperature in the furnace body started first reaches a predetermined temperature quickly, when the combustion in the furnace body is stable, the gate 231 is completely opened, and the smoke entering the other furnace body through the channel 241 can preheat the other furnace body;
the furnace walls of the first furnace body 21 and the second furnace body 22 are provided with interlayers 25, the whole interlayer 25 is coated around the first furnace body 21 and the second furnace body 22, a partition plate 252 is spirally arranged in the interlayer 25, the partition plate 252 divides the interlayer 25 into spirally arranged air channels 251, the air channels 251 on the first furnace body 21 and the second furnace body 22 are communicated, the inner side of the furnace wall is provided with a plurality of air holes 253 for communicating the hearth with the air channels 251, the air holes 253 are uniformly arranged along the air channels 251 of the incinerator 2 at intervals so as to ensure that the air holes 253 are distributed on the surface of the furnace wall of the incinerator 2 as much as possible, combustion-supporting air can enter in the hearth from a plurality of directions, the furnace wall of the incinerator 2 is provided with a gate valve 254 corresponding to the positions of the air holes 253, the gate valve 254 comprises an expansion rod 2542 and a pressing plate 2541, the expansion rod 2542 is fixedly connected with the pressing plate 2541 and is arranged in the interlayer 25, the pressing plate 2541 can cover the air holes 253 or be separated from the air holes 253 under the driving of the expansion rod 2542, the air duct 251 is communicated with the third fan 7, air introduced by the third fan 7 enters the spiral air duct 251 and enters the hearth through the air holes 253, a combustion supporting effect is achieved on distributed biomass and household garbage, the air introduced into the interlayer 25 can be distributed uniformly due to the spiral arrangement of the air duct 251, a heat insulation effect is achieved on the furnace wall of the whole incinerator 2, the air holes 253 are circumferentially arranged, combustion supporting air can be introduced into the incinerator 2 in all directions, the arrangement of the gate valve 254 can timely adjust the air quantity entering the first furnace body 21 and the second furnace body 22, normal combustion in the two furnace bodies is maintained, and mutual interference is avoided;
a smoke chamber 26 is arranged at the upper part of the second furnace body 22, a baffle is arranged between the smoke chamber 26 and the hearth of the second furnace body 22, a smoke port 262 is arranged on the baffle, a spiral clamping plate 261 is arranged on the smoke chamber 26, the clamping plate 261 divides the smoke chamber 26 into a spirally arranged smoke channel 264, one end of the smoke channel 264 is communicated with the smoke port 262, the other end of the smoke channel 264 is communicated with a smoke exhaust port 222 at the top of the second furnace body 22, a third burner 263 is connected to the position, close to the smoke port 262, of the smoke chamber 26, the smoke which just enters the smoke chamber 26 can be combusted again, so that harmful substances such as dioxin and the like are eliminated at high temperature, and the spiral smoke channel 264 increases the smoke stroke to ensure that the smoke is completely combusted in the smoke chamber 26;
further, the lower part of the first furnace body 21 or the second furnace body 22 is provided with an air duct 226, in this embodiment, the air duct 226 is arranged at the lower part of the second furnace body 22, the arrangement at the lower part is to enable air to be preheated well, and the temperature of the furnace hearth is not affected too much when the air enters the furnace hearth, one end of the air duct 226 is communicated with the air duct 251, and the other end is connected with the third fan 7, the lower parts of the first furnace body 21 and the second furnace body 22 are respectively provided with a first furnace row 214 and a second furnace row 224, the lower part of the first furnace row 214 is provided with a first burner interface 213, one end of the first burner interface 213 is extended to the first furnace row 214, the other end is connected with the first burner 212, the lower part of the second furnace row 224 is provided with a second burner interface 225, one end of the second burner interface 225 is extended to the second furnace row 224, the other end is connected with the second burner 223, the lower part of the first furnace row 214 is used for collecting distributed biomass burning ash, the lower part of the second furnace row 224 is used for collecting domestic waste ash, organic matters and inorganic matters generated by combustion can be respectively recovered;
further, as shown in fig. 10, a heat accumulator 47 is disposed in the middle of the heat exchanger 4, the heat accumulator 47 is rotatably disposed, the heat accumulator 47 is either a checker brick with a plurality of pores or a honeycomb ceramic structure, the pores on the heat accumulator 47 can be parallel to each other and penetrate through the upper and lower surfaces of the heat accumulator 47 so as to allow an air flow to pass through, an output shaft 471 is disposed in the middle, the heat accumulator 47 is driven by the output shaft 471 to rotate, an upper partition plate 40 is disposed between the upper surface of the heat accumulator 47 and the top of the heat exchanger 4 and is divided into a first cavity 401 and a second cavity 402 by the upper partition plate 40, the first cavity 401 is provided with a heat exchange flue gas outlet 42, the second cavity 402 is provided with a hot gas outlet 41, a lower partition plate 485 is disposed between the lower surface of the heat accumulator 47 and the bottom of the heat exchanger 4 and is divided into a third cavity 472 and a fourth cavity 473, the third cavity is provided with a heat exchange flue gas inlet 43, and the fourth cavity is connected with an induced draft fan 44, the dust removal layer 48 is arranged on the upper portion of the heat exchange flue gas inlet 43 in the third cavity 472, the dust removal layer 48 is conical and comprises an upper filter plate 484 and a lower filter plate 481, dust removal particles are filled between the upper filter plate 484 and the lower filter plate 481, the dust removal device is suitable for high-temperature flue gas dust removal, the side wall of the third cavity 472 is provided with a filler inlet 483 communicated with the dust removal layer 48, the bottom of the third cavity 472 is provided with a filler outlet 482 communicated with the dust removal layer 48, and the dust removal particles can be conveniently replaced. The lower part of the heat accumulator 47 is conical to be attached to the dust removing layer 48, the heat exchange area can be properly increased, the flue gas from the waste heat boiler 3 still has high temperature, enters the heat exchanger 4 through the heat exchange flue gas inlet 43, passes through the dedusting layer 48 of the third cavity 472 and the pore canal of the heat accumulator 47 at the side close to the third cavity 472, enters the first cavity 401, is cooled, and is discharged through the heat exchange flue gas outlet 42, the heat accumulator 47 rotates, the cooler air introduced by the induced draft fan 44 enters the fourth cavity 473, absorbs heat through the heat accumulator 47, enters the second cavity 402, the temperature rises, the residual fly ash in the flue gas can be prevented from entering the heat accumulator 47 and being adsorbed on the heat accumulator 47 by the dust removing layer 48 after being discharged from the hot gas outlet 41, when the cold air introduced by the induced draft fan 44 stores heat, the cold air enters the heated air again, or is accumulated on the heat storage body 47 for a long time to affect the heat exchange effect.
In the second embodiment, when the whole system works, firstly, the household garbage is thrown into the second furnace body 22 for incineration, the second burner 223 and the second fan 9 are opened, the second furnace body 22 is ignited, at the moment, the gate 231 closes the channel 241, the air hole 253 on the first furnace body 21 is closed under the action of the gate valve 254, the third fan 7 is opened, combustion-supporting air is introduced into the interlayer 25 and introduced into the hearth from the air hole 253 on the second furnace body 22, the third burner 263 in the smoke chamber 26 is opened, the smoke generated by combustion enters the smoke chamber 26 for further combustion, the temperature reaches 1200-1800 ℃, after the combustion in the second furnace body 22 is stabilized to 850-1000 ℃, the gate 231 is opened, a small amount of smoke enters the first furnace body 21 for preheating, the high-temperature smoke generated by combustion enters the waste heat boiler 3 through the smoke chamber 26, the generated steam supplies heat or generates electricity, and hot water can also supply heat, the flue gas temperature is reduced, a plurality of waste heat boilers 3 can be connected in series, the heat of high-temperature flue gas is fully utilized, the temperature of a flue gas outlet 322 of the last waste heat boiler 3 is ensured to be 300-500 ℃, the discharged flue gas is discharged from a smoke discharge pipeline 5 to a flue gas purification device for further purification, a valve at a heat exchange flue gas inlet 43 on a heat exchanger 4 is controlled, so that a part of flue gas with the temperature enters the heat exchanger 4, dust is removed through a dust removal layer 48 of a third cavity 472, the heat is released when passing through a heat accumulator 47 and is discharged into the smoke discharge pipeline 5 from a heat exchange flue gas outlet 42 of a first cavity 401, a draught fan 44 introduces cooler air into the heat exchanger 4, the cooler air absorbs the heat when passing through the heat accumulator 47 and is input into a biomass drying cylinder 1 through a hot gas outlet 41, a fourth fan 6 and a corresponding valve body are opened, the ratio of the cold air and the hot air of the pipeline is controlled, so as to ensure that the temperature in the biomass drying cylinder 1 is 40-100 ℃ (the adjustment according to different biomass moisture and ignition points, prevent that living beings from burning in barrel 11), living beings are dried in living beings stoving section of thick bamboo 1, open first combustor 212 and first fan 8 ignition, living beings after the stoving get into first furnace body 21 internal combustion, flue gas after the burning gets into in the second furnace body 22 through passageway 241, further burn in second furnace body 22, the abundant burning of unburnt gas, in the flue gas that the burning of second furnace body 22 produced, carry out waste heat recovery and gas cleaning, waste gas that the stoving produced in barrel 11 is through waste gas port 132 in the exhaust pipe 5 of converging.
In the third embodiment, the biomass can be sent into the biomass drying cylinder 1, the fourth fan 6 is opened to introduce natural wind for drying, the dried biomass enters the first furnace body 21 for combustion, the first burner 212 and the first fan 8 are opened for ignition, the gate 231 closes the channel 241 at this time, the channel 241 is properly opened after the biomass is burned to prevent the pressure in the first furnace body 21 from being too high, the third fan 7 is opened to ventilate the interlayer 25, the air hole 253 at the second furnace body 22 is closed, air for supporting combustion enters the first furnace body 21, the combustion temperature in the first furnace body 21 is maintained at 600-800 ℃, the channel 241 is completely opened after the combustion is stable, the flue gas enters the second furnace body 22 for preheating, the second burner 223 and the second fan 9 are opened, the household garbage enters the second furnace body 22 for burning, the flue gas generated by the burning of the first furnace body 21 and the second furnace body 22 is collected into the smoke chamber 26 for further burning, in order to get rid of harmful substance such as dioxin, burn burning furnace 2 exhaust high temperature flue gas and get into exhaust-heat boiler 3, carry out make full use of the heat, discharge into exhaust pipe 5 further processing again, open the valve of heat transfer flue gas entry 43 department, some flue gas that has the temperature gets into in the heat exchanger 4 and carries out heat exchange with the colder air that draught fan 44 introduced, and the air after the heat absorption gets into biomass drying section of thick bamboo 1 and dries, improves drying efficiency, other same embodiment two.
In the fourth embodiment, a controller can be arranged in the distributed biomass and garbage incineration treatment system, the controller is used for communicating the switch, the valve body, the cylinder, the gate valve and the motor of each part, the temperature sensor is arranged in each part and is also connected with the controller to realize automatic control, and the other settings are the same as the first embodiment.
Although the invention has been described in detail above with reference to a general description and specific examples, it will be apparent to one skilled in the art that modifications or improvements may be made thereto based on the invention. Accordingly, such modifications and improvements are intended to be within the scope of the invention as claimed.
Claims (4)
1. A distributed biomass and garbage incineration treatment system is characterized by comprising a biomass drying cylinder, an incinerator, a waste heat boiler and a heat exchanger which are sequentially connected, wherein the biomass drying cylinder comprises a rotatable cylinder body and a rotating shaft penetrating through the cylinder body, the rotating shaft and the cylinder body are coaxially arranged, the rotating directions are opposite, a plurality of stirring rods are arranged on the rotating shaft, an air passage is axially formed in the rotating shaft, and air holes communicated with the air passage are axially formed in the stirring rods; the incinerator comprises a first furnace body and a second furnace body, the first furnace body is communicated with a biomass drying cylinder, a connecting plate is arranged between the first furnace body and the second furnace body, a channel communicated with the first furnace body and the second furnace body is formed in the connecting plate, an openable gate is arranged on the channel, a sliding block is arranged on one side of the gate, which faces the channel, a sliding way is correspondingly arranged on the channel, the sliding block is movably arranged on the sliding way, the end part of the gate is connected with an air cylinder, the air cylinder is arranged at the upper part of the incinerator, and the air cylinder drives the gate to move up and down along the sliding way through the sliding block; the furnace walls of the first furnace body and the second furnace body are provided with interlayers, air channels are spirally arranged in the interlayers, a plurality of air holes communicated with the furnace chamber and the air channels are formed in the inner sides of the furnace walls, the positions of the air holes formed in the furnace walls of the incinerator are correspondingly provided with gate valves, each gate valve comprises a telescopic rod and a pressing plate, the telescopic rods are fixedly connected with the pressing plates and are arranged in the interlayers, and the pressing plates can cover the air holes or are driven by the telescopic rods to be separated from the air holes; the lower part of the first furnace body or the second furnace body is provided with an air duct opening, one end of the air duct opening is communicated with an air duct, and the other end of the air duct opening is connected with a fan; a smoke chamber for burning smoke is arranged at the upper part of the second furnace body, the smoke chamber is communicated with a waste heat boiler, and a hot gas outlet arranged at the upper part of the heat exchanger is communicated with an air passage on a rotating shaft of the biomass drying cylinder; a baffle is arranged between the smoke chamber and the hearth of the second furnace body, a smoke port is arranged on the baffle, the smoke chamber is provided with a spiral smoke channel, one end of the smoke channel is communicated with the smoke port, the other end of the smoke channel is communicated with a smoke outlet at the top of the second furnace body, and a burner is connected to the smoke chamber close to the smoke port; the furnace wall of the first furnace body is provided with a biomass material port which is communicated with the biomass drying cylinder, the furnace wall of the second furnace body is provided with a garbage inlet, the top of the second furnace body is provided with a smoke outlet which is communicated with a smoke chamber, and the lower parts of the first furnace body and the second furnace body are both provided with burners which respectively extend to fire grates arranged in the furnace chambers of the first furnace body and the second furnace body; the heat exchanger is characterized in that a heat accumulator is arranged in the middle of the heat exchanger and can rotate, an upper baffle plate is arranged between the upper surface of the heat accumulator and the top of the heat exchanger and is divided into a first cavity and a second cavity by the upper baffle plate, the first cavity is provided with a heat exchange flue gas outlet, the second cavity is provided with a hot gas outlet, a lower baffle plate is arranged between the lower surface of the heat accumulator and the bottom of the heat exchanger and is divided into a third cavity and a fourth cavity by the lower baffle plate, the third cavity is provided with a heat exchange flue gas inlet, the fourth cavity is connected with a draught fan, and a dust removing layer is arranged at the upper part of the heat exchange flue gas inlet in the third cavity; biomass is burnt in the first furnace body, domestic waste is burnt at the second furnace body, and the flue gas that the first furnace body produced passes through the passageway entering second furnace body between the furnace body, plays the preheating effect to the second furnace body to the gas that does not burn completely can obtain the postcombustion in the biomass burning flue gas, and the burning is abundant, and the flue gas in the second furnace body gets into the smoke chamber and burns once more, is favorable to the elimination of dioxin.
2. The distributed biomass and waste incineration system of claim 1, wherein: a plurality of puddlers set up in groups along pivot axial interval, and every group puddler sets up along pivot circumference interval, and the puddler tip is buckled for the arc along pivot rotation direction, is connected with the strengthening rib between each puddler in every group.
3. The distributed biomass and waste incineration system of claim 1, wherein: the dedusting layer is conical and comprises an upper filter plate and a lower filter plate, dedusting particles are filled between the upper filter plate and the lower filter plate, a filler inlet communicated with the dedusting layer is formed in the side wall of the third cavity, and a filler outlet communicated with the dedusting layer is formed in the bottom of the third cavity.
4. A distributed biomass and waste incineration system according to claim 3, wherein: the waste heat boiler is characterized in that a flue gas inlet is formed in one end of the waste heat boiler, a flue gas outlet is formed in the other end of the waste heat boiler, the flue gas inlet is communicated with a flue gas outlet of the incinerator, the flue gas outlet is respectively communicated with a flue gas exhaust pipeline and a heat exchange flue gas inlet of the heat exchanger, a heat exchange flue gas outlet of the heat exchanger is communicated with the flue gas exhaust pipeline, and the flue gas exhaust pipeline is connected with a flue gas purification device.
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