CN114086974B - External diameter driven variable cutter disc and reducing method - Google Patents

External diameter driven variable cutter disc and reducing method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN114086974B
CN114086974B CN202111325673.0A CN202111325673A CN114086974B CN 114086974 B CN114086974 B CN 114086974B CN 202111325673 A CN202111325673 A CN 202111325673A CN 114086974 B CN114086974 B CN 114086974B
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China
Prior art keywords
disc
cutter
driving
driven
diameter
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CN202111325673.0A
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CN114086974A (en
Inventor
马超
邱国荣
吴晓峰
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Jiangsu Machao Underground Engineering Equipment Co ltd
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Jiangsu Machao Underground Engineering Equipment Co ltd
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    • EFIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E21EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
    • E21DSHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
    • E21D9/00Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries
    • E21D9/06Making by using a driving shield, i.e. advanced by pushing means bearing against the already placed lining
    • E21D9/08Making by using a driving shield, i.e. advanced by pushing means bearing against the already placed lining with additional boring or cutting means other than the conventional cutting edge of the shield
    • E21D9/0874Making by using a driving shield, i.e. advanced by pushing means bearing against the already placed lining with additional boring or cutting means other than the conventional cutting edge of the shield with rotary drilling heads having variable diameter

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Excavating Of Shafts Or Tunnels (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses an outer diameter driven variable cutter disc and a diameter changing method, and belongs to the field of shield equipment. The device comprises a driving disc, a driven disc, a plurality of groups of cutters uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of the driven disc and cutter rotation limiting mechanisms corresponding to the number of the cutters; the driving disc and the driven disc are coaxial and are arranged on the same transmission shaft at intervals, a bearing unit is arranged between the driven disc and the transmission shaft, and the driving disc is fixedly connected with the transmission shaft; a transmission mechanism is arranged between the driving disc and the driven disc, and the diameter of the driving disc is smaller than that of the driven disc; one end of the cutter rotation limiting mechanism penetrates through the driven disc and is connected with the cutter, and the other end of the cutter rotation limiting mechanism is movably connected with the driving disc; the driving disc controls the cutter to be outwards unfolded or inwards contracted and limited through the cutter rotation limiting mechanism. The invention can realize the driven variable of the outer diameter of the cutter head according to the actual construction or maintenance requirements, and further can realize the quick retraction of the push bench, thereby meeting the requirements of checking or replacing worn cutters.

Description

External diameter driven variable cutter disc and reducing method
Technical Field
The invention relates to a variable-diameter cutter disc and a variable-diameter method, in particular to an external-diameter driven variable-diameter cutter disc and a variable-diameter method, and belongs to the field of shield equipment.
Background
The outer diameter of a cutterhead conventionally configured for a small-sized heading machine (pipe push bench) is generally larger than the outer diameter of a heading machine body, and the small-sized heading machine is compact in structure and limited in space, so that the work of manually entering the working area of the cutterhead to check the abrasion condition of the cutterhead, replace abrasion cutters, overhaul and maintain the like is difficult to realize in the actual heading process. The outer diameter of the cutter head of the existing heading machine is larger than the outer diameter of the machine body, so that the existing heading machine cannot be retracted and maintained under the conditions of damage or faults and the like, and a plurality of inconveniences and resource waste are brought to the actual construction process. In addition, because the outside diameter of the cutterhead of the push bench in the prior art is larger than the outside diameter of the machine body, the push bench cannot be directly retracted after the construction is finished, and a receiving well is usually required to be additionally drilled at a position corresponding to the cutterhead of the push bench for recycling after the tunneling work is finished, the construction difficulty is increased, and the investment and the waste of engineering funds are increased.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provide a variable-diameter cutter head and a variable-diameter method capable of rapidly changing the outer diameter according to the needs.
In order to solve the technical problems, the outer diameter driven variable cutterhead provided by the invention comprises a driving disc, a driven disc, a plurality of groups of cutters uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of the driven disc and cutter rotation limiting mechanisms corresponding to the number of the cutters;
The driving disc and the driven disc are arranged on the same transmission shaft at intervals and coaxially, a bearing unit is arranged between the driven disc and the transmission shaft, and the driving disc is fixedly connected with the transmission shaft;
a transmission mechanism is arranged between the driving disc and the driven disc, and the diameter of the driving disc is smaller than that of the driven disc;
one end of the cutter rotation limiting mechanism penetrates through the driven disc and is connected with the cutter, and the other end of the cutter rotation limiting mechanism is movably connected with the driving disc; the driving disc controls the cutter to be outwards unfolded or inwards contracted and limited through the cutter rotation limiting mechanism;
when the cutters are in an outwards-unfolded state, the diameter of a circle formed between the outer edges of the plurality of groups of cutters is larger than the diameter of the driven disc;
When the cutters are in an inward contracted state, the diameter of a circle formed between the outer edges of the plurality of sets of cutters is equal to or smaller than the diameter of the driven disc.
In the invention, the cutter rotation limiting mechanism comprises a cutter connecting rod, a shifting block, a limiting block and limiting points; the front end of the cutter connecting rod penetrates through the driven disc to be connected with a cutter, and the rear end of the cutter connecting rod is connected with a shifting block; the shifting block is inserted into a concave notch corresponding to the position on the driving disc;
the number of limiting points is 4, and the limiting points are fixed on the driven disc and uniformly distributed in a quadrangle shape along the circumferential direction of the cutter connecting rod;
the limiting blocks are positioned in 4 limiting points and fixedly connected with the cutter connecting rod; the length of the limiting block is greater than the distance between any two diagonal limiting points.
In the invention, the transmission mechanism comprises a driving disc transmission web fixedly connected with a driving disc and a driven disc transmission web fixedly connected with a driven disc, wherein the driving disc transmission web and the driven disc transmission web are at least 2 transmission strips uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction;
the driving disc transmission web plate and the driven disc transmission web plate are staggered with each other;
When the driving plate of the driving plate driving web is in a bonding state with the driving plate of the driving plate driving web, the driving plate drives the driven plate to integrally rotate.
The invention also provides a diameter changing method of the driven variable cutterhead with the outer diameter, which comprises the following steps: when the driving disc rotates anticlockwise, the cutter is driven to rotate outwards to a limiting position by the cutter rotation limiting mechanism, the outer diameter of the cutter disc is increased, and the cutter disc is fixed; meanwhile, the driving disc drives the driven disc to integrally rotate through the transmission mechanism to work;
when the driving disc rotates clockwise, the cutter is driven to rotate inwards to a limiting position by the cutter rotation limiting mechanism, and the outer diameter of the cutter disc is reduced.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: (1) The external diameter of the cutter head can be driven to be variable according to actual construction or maintenance requirements through the forward and reverse rotary transmission of the main cutter head; the cutter head outer diameter can be increased when tunneling construction is performed, and the cutter head outer diameter is reduced to be smaller than the machine body outer diameter when cutter replacement or other maintenance are performed, so that the pipe push bench can be quickly retracted, and the requirement of checking or replacing worn cutters is met; (2) Because the outer diameter of the cutterhead is variable, a feasible scheme is provided for recycling the cutterhead of the push bench, the push bench can realize recycling according to the original path without recycling by additionally drilling a receiving well, and the construction cost and the construction period can be greatly reduced; and the cutterhead can be retracted in the middle of tunneling to inspect and maintain the hard rock cutterhead or to recycle the cutterhead. (3) The front end of the cutter connecting rod penetrates through the driven disc to be connected with the cutter, and the rear end of the cutter connecting rod is connected with the concave notch which is inserted into the corresponding position on the driving disc, so that the cutter disc can be used for reducing conveniently without adding extra power; the matching of the limiting block and the limiting point not only can accurately control the diameter-changing amplitude of the cutter head, but also ensures the compactness of the structure of the cutter head so as to adapt to popularization and application of the push bench; (5) The driving disc transmission web plate and the corresponding transmission strips on the driven disc transmission web plate are staggered, so that the position relationship between the driving disc and the driven disc can be conveniently controlled in real time according to the requirement, and different construction scenes can be met; and the transmission mechanism has simple structure and is easy to realize.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the structure of the driven variable cutter head with outer diameter according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a view of the open state of the cutter of the variable outer diameter driven cutterhead;
FIG. 3 is a view of the cutter free state of the variable outer diameter driven cutterhead;
Fig. 4a cutter retraction state diagram of the outer diameter driven variable cutterhead;
fig. 5 is a schematic view of the assembly of the outer diameter driven variable cutterhead portion.
In the figure, a driven disc 1-, a driving disc 2-, a cutter 3-, a transmission shaft 4-, a supporting seat 5-, an outer sleeve 6-, a supporting rib plate 7-, a second end cover 8-, a sealing ring 9-, a second bearing 10-, a first bearing 11-and a spacer 12-, 13-driving disc transmission web, 14-driven disc transmission web, 15-cutter connecting rod, 16-shifting block, 17-bearing end cover, 18-bearing dust cover, 19-limiting block, 20-limiting point, 21-concave notch and 22-transmission slat.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
As shown in fig. 1 to 5, the outer diameter driven variable cutterhead of the present invention comprises a driven disc 1, a driving disc 2 and a cutter 3, wherein the driven disc 1 and the driving disc 2 are coaxially installed on a transmission shaft 4 of a push bench, and the driving disc 2 is positioned behind the driven disc 1. The transmission shaft 4 is mounted on the supporting seat 5 through the second bearing 10, and the supporting seat 5 is fixed in the outer sleeve 6. The driven disc 1, the driving disc 2 and the cutters 3 all extend out of the outer sleeve 6. And a supporting rib plate 7 is connected between the driving disc 2 and the transmission shaft 4. Two ends of the supporting seat 5 are respectively provided with a second end cover 8, and a sealing ring 9 is arranged at the joint of the second end cover 8 and the transmission shaft 4.
The driven plate 1 is arranged on the transmission shaft 4 through a first bearing 11, and the driving plate 2 is fixedly connected with the transmission shaft 4. A space ring 12 is arranged between the driven disc 1 and the driving disc 2, and the space ring 12 is sleeved on the transmission shaft 4. The first bearing 11 supports the driven plate 1.
The diameter of the driving disc 2 is smaller than the driven disc 1. The front end face of the driving disc 2 is provided with a driving disc transmission web 13, and the rear end face of the driven disc 1 is provided with a driven disc transmission web 14. The driving disc transmission web 13 and the driven disc transmission web 14 are 4 transmission strips 22 which are uniformly distributed in the circumferential direction. The drive slat 22 on the drive plate drive web 13 and the drive slat 22 on the driven plate drive web 14 are staggered, and when the drive slat 22 on the drive plate drive web 13 and the drive slat 22 on the driven plate drive web 14 are attached, the drive plate 2 drives the driven plate 1 to rotate.
In this embodiment, the driving disk drive webs 13 and the driven disk drive webs 14 are two pairs of drive slats 22, 4 in total. In the actual use process, the number of the driving lath 22 can be reasonably adjusted according to the actual needs by combining the needed angle of the cutter 3.
In the present embodiment, the number of cutters 3 is two, and the cutters are symmetrically disposed at the front end face of the driven plate 1. The front ends of the cutter connecting rods 15 penetrate through the through holes on the driven disc 1 and are then fixedly connected with the cutters 3. The rear end of the cutter link 15 is connected with a shifting block 16. A pair of concave cutouts 21 are formed in symmetrical positions of the cutter head 1, and the dial blocks 16 are respectively inserted into the concave cutouts 21. When the driving disc 2 rotates, the shifting block 16 is driven to drive the cutter 3 to rotate through the cutter connecting rod 15, so that the diameter of the cutter 3 is changed.
The circumferential interval of the through holes on the rear end surface of the driven disc 1 is uniformly distributed with 4 limit points 20 which are in a quadrangle shape. The limiting block 19 is strip-shaped, is fixedly connected with the cutter connecting rod 15, and can rotate along with the cutter connecting rod 15. The length of the limiting block 19 should be greater than the distance between any two diagonal limiting points 20, so that the limiting block can be contacted with the limiting points 20 to realize limiting.
The limiting block 19 is located in a space formed by 4 limiting points 20, and two opposite angle limiting points 20 limit the limiting block 19 respectively and limit the rotation of the cutter connecting rod 15, so that the expanding or contracting position of the cutter 3 is controlled.
In practical use, the number of the cutters 3 can be more than 2, and the cutters 3 are uniformly distributed in the circumferential direction along the front end face of the driven disc 1. Also, the number of cutter links 17 and dials 16 should be adjusted accordingly.
The bearing end cover 17 is arranged on the outer side of the first bearing 11, and the bearing end cover 17 is used for limiting the first bearing 11. The bearing end cap 17 is provided with a bearing dust cap 18 at its outer periphery to prevent dust from entering the first bearing 11 during a ripping process.
The cutter disc diameter changing method in the cutter disc with the driven outer diameter is as follows:
as shown in fig. 2, when the outer diameter driven variable cutterhead is in a working state, when the driving disc 2 rotates anticlockwise, the cutter connecting rod 15 is stirred by the poking block 16 to drive the cutter 3 to rotate clockwise around the axis of the connecting rod 15, after the cutter connecting rod moves to a limiting point position, the limiting block 19 is mechanically limited by the limiting point 20, and further rotation of the cutter connecting rod 15 is limited, at the moment, the distance between the outermost edges of the two cutters 3 (namely, the circle formed by the outer edges of the two cutters 3) is larger than the outer diameter of the outer sleeve 6, the cutterhead is fixed, meanwhile, the driving disc transmission web 13 is attached to the driven disc transmission web 14, and the driving disc 2 pushes the driven disc 1 to rotate integrally.
As shown in fig. 3, when the outer diameter driven variable cutterhead is in a free state, the cutter 3 can rotate within a certain angle range under the mechanical limit structure of the limit point 20 on the driven disc 1, and the cutter 3 does not perform tunneling work.
As shown in fig. 4, when the outer diameter driven variable cutterhead is in a recovery state, when the driving disc 2 rotates clockwise, the cutter connecting rod 15 is stirred by the poking block 16 to drive the axis of the cutter 3 connecting rod 15 to rotate anticlockwise, after the cutter connecting rod moves to a limiting point position, the limiting block 19 is mechanically limited by the limiting point 20, so that the rotation of the cutter connecting rod 15 is limited, the cutter 3 is fixed, and at the moment, the diameter of the cutter 3 is smaller than the inner diameter of the outer sleeve 6, so that the cutter 3 can be integrally pulled out from the outer sleeve 6.
The cutter disc can be conveniently changed in diameter in the tunneling process by the operation, so that the cutter disc is retracted to check, maintain or recycle the driven variable-outer-diameter cutter disc. The cutter disc structure is optimized and changed, so that the cutter disc structure is used for the occasion that the cutter disc equipment with the driven variable outer diameter is required to be retracted according to the original path when tunneling to a specific distance, and the technical problem of the driven variable outer diameter of the cutter disc is solved.
The above description is only of the preferred embodiments of the present application and is not intended to limit the present application, but various modifications and variations can be made to the present application by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present application should be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims (3)

1. The utility model provides a driven variable blade disc of external diameter which characterized in that: the device comprises a driving disc, a driven disc, a plurality of groups of cutters uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of the driven disc and cutter rotation limiting mechanisms corresponding to the number of the cutters;
The driving disc and the driven disc are arranged on the same transmission shaft at intervals and coaxially, a bearing unit is arranged between the driven disc and the transmission shaft, and the driving disc is fixedly connected with the transmission shaft;
a transmission mechanism is arranged between the driving disc and the driven disc, and the diameter of the driving disc is smaller than that of the driven disc;
one end of the cutter rotation limiting mechanism penetrates through the driven disc and is connected with the cutter, and the other end of the cutter rotation limiting mechanism is movably connected with the driving disc; the driving disc controls the cutter to be outwards unfolded or inwards contracted and limited through the cutter rotation limiting mechanism;
when the cutters are in an outwards-unfolded state, the diameter of a circle formed between the outer edges of the plurality of groups of cutters is larger than the diameter of the driven disc;
when the cutters are in an inward contracted state, the diameter of a circle formed between the outer edges of the plurality of groups of cutters is equal to or smaller than the diameter of the driven disc;
The cutter rotation limiting mechanism comprises a cutter connecting rod, a shifting block, a limiting block and a limiting point; the front end of the cutter connecting rod penetrates through the driven disc to be connected with a cutter, and the rear end of the cutter connecting rod is connected with a shifting block; the shifting block is inserted into a notch corresponding to the position on the driving disc;
the number of limiting points is 4, and the limiting points are fixed on the driven disc and uniformly distributed in a quadrangle shape along the circumferential direction of the cutter connecting rod;
the limiting blocks are positioned in 4 limiting points and fixedly connected with the cutter connecting rod; the length of the limiting block is greater than the distance between any two diagonal limiting points.
2. The driven variable outer diameter cutterhead of claim 1, wherein: the driving mechanism comprises a driving disc driving web fixedly connected with the driving disc and a driven disc driving web fixedly connected with the driven disc, and the driving disc driving web and the driven disc driving web are at least 2 driving strips uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction;
the driving disc transmission web plate and the driven disc transmission web plate are staggered with each other;
When the driving plate of the driving plate driving web is in a bonding state with the driving plate of the driving plate driving web, the driving plate drives the driven plate to integrally rotate.
3. The diameter changing method of the driven variable cutterhead of claim 1, wherein:
When the driving disc rotates anticlockwise, the cutter is driven to rotate outwards to a limiting position by the cutter rotation limiting mechanism, the outer diameter of the cutter disc is increased, and the cutter disc is fixed; meanwhile, the driving disc drives the driven disc to integrally rotate through the transmission mechanism to work;
when the driving disc rotates clockwise, the cutter is driven to rotate inwards to a limiting position by the cutter rotation limiting mechanism, and the outer diameter of the cutter disc is reduced.
CN202111325673.0A 2021-11-10 2021-11-10 External diameter driven variable cutter disc and reducing method Active CN114086974B (en)

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202111325673.0A CN114086974B (en) 2021-11-10 2021-11-10 External diameter driven variable cutter disc and reducing method

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202111325673.0A CN114086974B (en) 2021-11-10 2021-11-10 External diameter driven variable cutter disc and reducing method

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CN114086974A CN114086974A (en) 2022-02-25
CN114086974B true CN114086974B (en) 2024-05-14

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Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2007154470A (en) * 2005-12-02 2007-06-21 Komatsu Underground Machinery Ltd Small-bore jacking machine
CN101936169A (en) * 2010-08-24 2011-01-05 中铁隧道装备制造有限公司 Cutting device with small-range diameter-variable function of soft rock shield machine
JP5033257B1 (en) * 2011-08-26 2012-09-26 一博 池田 Shield tunneling machine
CN204511445U (en) * 2015-03-18 2015-07-29 中铁工程装备集团有限公司 With the hard rock mole of double-deck supporting and variable section of jurisdiction diameter
CN109236309A (en) * 2018-10-27 2019-01-18 重庆大学 A kind of telescopic cutterhead that can be got rid of poverty after cutter head of shield machine is stuck
CN210264699U (en) * 2019-07-15 2020-04-07 江苏格睿特管网工程有限公司 Shield construction device with variable diameter
CN210370650U (en) * 2019-08-27 2020-04-21 浙江鼎昊新能源设备股份有限公司 Cutter head telescopic mechanism of shield tunneling machine
CN213510619U (en) * 2020-10-20 2021-06-22 中亿丰建设集团股份有限公司 Cutter head capable of changing excavation diameter

Patent Citations (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2007154470A (en) * 2005-12-02 2007-06-21 Komatsu Underground Machinery Ltd Small-bore jacking machine
CN101936169A (en) * 2010-08-24 2011-01-05 中铁隧道装备制造有限公司 Cutting device with small-range diameter-variable function of soft rock shield machine
JP5033257B1 (en) * 2011-08-26 2012-09-26 一博 池田 Shield tunneling machine
CN204511445U (en) * 2015-03-18 2015-07-29 中铁工程装备集团有限公司 With the hard rock mole of double-deck supporting and variable section of jurisdiction diameter
CN109236309A (en) * 2018-10-27 2019-01-18 重庆大学 A kind of telescopic cutterhead that can be got rid of poverty after cutter head of shield machine is stuck
CN210264699U (en) * 2019-07-15 2020-04-07 江苏格睿特管网工程有限公司 Shield construction device with variable diameter
CN210370650U (en) * 2019-08-27 2020-04-21 浙江鼎昊新能源设备股份有限公司 Cutter head telescopic mechanism of shield tunneling machine
CN213510619U (en) * 2020-10-20 2021-06-22 中亿丰建设集团股份有限公司 Cutter head capable of changing excavation diameter

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