CN114085067A - Method for preparing sintered material by using secondary aluminum ash - Google Patents
Method for preparing sintered material by using secondary aluminum ash Download PDFInfo
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- CN114085067A CN114085067A CN202111591370.3A CN202111591370A CN114085067A CN 114085067 A CN114085067 A CN 114085067A CN 202111591370 A CN202111591370 A CN 202111591370A CN 114085067 A CN114085067 A CN 114085067A
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- aluminum ash
- secondary aluminum
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- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 126
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical group [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 125
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 87
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 35
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 107
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 46
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000002956 ash Substances 0.000 claims description 111
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 56
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 37
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000002386 leaching Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052604 silicate mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000010802 sludge Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000001988 toxicity Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 231100000419 toxicity Toxicity 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010881 fly ash Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052681 coesite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052906 cristobalite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(III) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052682 stishovite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052905 tridymite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- KKCBUQHMOMHUOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Na2O Inorganic materials [O-2].[Na+].[Na+] KKCBUQHMOMHUOY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 239000004566 building material Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 17
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 13
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 10
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 9
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000007873 sieving Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 5
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 3
- KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Fluoride anion Chemical compound [F-] KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004411 aluminium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011449 brick Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011056 performance test Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000008213 purified water Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011819 refractory material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000008399 tap water Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000020679 tap water Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- ATRRKUHOCOJYRX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium bicarbonate Chemical compound [NH4+].OC([O-])=O ATRRKUHOCOJYRX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000013 Ammonium bicarbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 235000019738 Limestone Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000002159 abnormal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003213 activating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006978 adaptation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001339 alkali metal compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- AZDRQVAHHNSJOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N alumane Chemical class [AlH3] AZDRQVAHHNSJOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SNAAJJQQZSMGQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminum magnesium Chemical compound [Mg].[Al] SNAAJJQQZSMGQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000012538 ammonium bicarbonate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000001099 ammonium carbonate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001570 bauxite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001354 calcination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- PMHQVHHXPFUNSP-UHFFFAOYSA-M copper(1+);methylsulfanylmethane;bromide Chemical compound Br[Cu].CSC PMHQVHHXPFUNSP-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229910052593 corundum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000029087 digestion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003517 fume Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002920 hazardous waste Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003837 high-temperature calcination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000001678 irradiating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011031 large-scale manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000006028 limestone Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007791 liquid phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
- TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Al]O[Al]=O TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002285 radioactive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910021487 silica fume Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001845 yogo sapphire Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B33/00—Clay-wares
- C04B33/02—Preparing or treating the raw materials individually or as batches
- C04B33/04—Clay; Kaolin
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B33/00—Clay-wares
- C04B33/02—Preparing or treating the raw materials individually or as batches
- C04B33/13—Compounding ingredients
- C04B33/132—Waste materials; Refuse; Residues
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B33/00—Clay-wares
- C04B33/02—Preparing or treating the raw materials individually or as batches
- C04B33/13—Compounding ingredients
- C04B33/132—Waste materials; Refuse; Residues
- C04B33/138—Waste materials; Refuse; Residues from metallurgical processes, e.g. slag, furnace dust, galvanic waste
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/02—Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
- C04B2235/50—Constituents or additives of the starting mixture chosen for their shape or used because of their shape or their physical appearance
- C04B2235/54—Particle size related information
- C04B2235/5418—Particle size related information expressed by the size of the particles or aggregates thereof
- C04B2235/5436—Particle size related information expressed by the size of the particles or aggregates thereof micrometer sized, i.e. from 1 to 100 micron
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/70—Aspects relating to sintered or melt-casted ceramic products
- C04B2235/74—Physical characteristics
- C04B2235/77—Density
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/70—Aspects relating to sintered or melt-casted ceramic products
- C04B2235/96—Properties of ceramic products, e.g. mechanical properties such as strength, toughness, wear resistance
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P40/00—Technologies relating to the processing of minerals
- Y02P40/60—Production of ceramic materials or ceramic elements, e.g. substitution of clay or shale by alternative raw materials, e.g. ashes
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
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- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
- Powder Metallurgy (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a method for preparing a sintering material by using secondary aluminum ash, belonging to the field of aluminum industry and building materials. The sintering material is mainly prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 10-80 parts of secondary aluminum ash and 20-90 parts of raw material A. The method comprises the steps of grinding the raw materials to a specific granularity, mixing the raw materials, carrying out semi-dry pressing and forming to obtain a blank body, drying the blank body, and heating to 850-1050 DEG CoAnd C, preserving the heat for a certain time, and cooling along with the furnace to obtain the sintered material. The invention effectively solidifies the harmful components in the secondary aluminum ash, provides a new processing direction for the secondary aluminum ash, and the obtained sintered material has excellent performance and wide application range, and all the performances can meet the corresponding national standards.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a method for preparing a sintering material by using secondary aluminum ash, belonging to the field of building materials and aluminum industry.
Background
The aluminum ash is generated in the production, processing, manufacturing, using and recycling stages of metal aluminum and is a byproduct of the aluminum industry, China is the world with the largest aluminum production and consumption, and the accumulation amount of the aluminum ash is not increased along with the development of the aluminum industry. The aluminum ash is divided into primary aluminum ash and secondary aluminum ash, and the primary aluminum ash is relatively common in recovery due to higher content of metal aluminum; because the secondary aluminum ash contains more substances such as aluminum oxide, salt, fluoride, aluminum nitride and the like due to the process and the production process of the secondary aluminum ash, the secondary aluminum ash is stacked and buried to pollute the environment and cause harm to human health, and the secondary aluminum ash is listed in the latest national hazardous waste records.
Patent CN 111170750a discloses a method for making refractory material by using secondary aluminum ash without harm, which converts metallic aluminum and other aluminum compounds in the secondary aluminum ash into alumina by high-temperature calcination, volatilizes fluoride and chloride, and mixes the calcined oxide with additives to make aluminum-magnesium refractory material. A process for treating waste aluminium ash includes such steps as crushing lime stone, mixing it with aluminium ash (instead of bauxite), and calcining to obtain clinker, i.e. refining slag.
Patent CN111232984A discloses a method for preparing a high-stability baking-free mesoporous silica-alumina material by using silica fume and aluminum fume, which comprises activating the activity of a silica-aluminum ash mixture by high-speed grinding, adding an ammonium bicarbonate solution, stirring, irradiating by using low-temperature plasma, and finally drying to obtain the high-stability mesoporous silica-alumina material.
Patent CN109678556A discloses a method for preparing a light high-alumina insulating brick from aluminum ash, which is characterized in that additives such as a sintering aid, a pore-forming agent and a binder are added to prepare the light high-alumina insulating brick with the advantages of high strength, low thermal conductivity, low high-temperature re-sintering linear rate and the like.
Disclosure of Invention
Based on the background and the current situation of the aluminum ash, the invention provides a method for recycling secondary aluminum ash, which can effectively detoxify and solve the problem that the secondary aluminum ash is difficult to recycle; the second purpose of the invention is to provide a novel sintering material with low cost and high performance.
In order to realize the above content, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
a method for preparing a sintered material by using secondary aluminum ash comprises the following steps:
(1) adding water into the secondary aluminum ash and the raw material A, and uniformly mixing to obtain pug, which specifically comprises the following steps: fully and uniformly mixing the secondary aluminum ash and the raw material A according to the planned proportion, adding water, and stirring to enable the water to uniformly infiltrate the dry materials to obtain pug;
(2) aging the pug obtained in the step (1) to prepare a blank;
(3) and (3) naturally drying the blank obtained in the step (2) at room temperature, heating to 850-1050 ℃, preserving heat for 1-5 hours, and cooling along with the furnace to obtain the product.
Further, the weight part of the secondary aluminum ash in the step (1) is 10-80 parts, preferably 20-60 parts; the weight part of the raw material A is 20-90 parts, preferably 40-80 parts; the weight part of the water is 5-15 parts, preferably 8-12 parts; wherein the total weight of the secondary aluminum ash and the raw material A is 100 parts.
Further, the chemical composition of the secondary aluminum ash in the step (1) is as follows: al (Al)2O350～70％，Na2O3～10％，CaO<10% and 2-10% of F, SiO2<10％，Fe2O3<3% and the others are impurities.
Further, the main component of the raw material A in the step (1) is silicate minerals, and the silicate minerals comprise one or a mixture of more of construction waste, coal gangue, shale, clay, fly ash, slag soil and sludge.
Further, in the step (1), the secondary aluminum ash and the raw material A are dried for 24 hours at the temperature of 95-105 ℃.
Furthermore, the granularity of the secondary aluminum ash is less than or equal to 50 meshes, the granularity of the raw material A is less than or equal to 20 meshes, the preferable granularity of the secondary aluminum ash is less than or equal to 300 mu m, and the preferable granularity of the raw material A is less than or equal to 850 mu m. The secondary aluminum ash crushing has various optional equipment and tools, and the purpose is achieved without limiting the time of the tool equipment and the method. Specifically, crushing the original secondary aluminum ash, sieving the crushed secondary aluminum ash by a 50-mesh standard sieve (the metal aluminum content of the part on the sieve is higher, and the part is reserved separately), and taking the part under the sieve; the raw material A passes through a standard sieve with 20 meshes.
Further, the water in the step (1) is generally city tap water or industrial purified water.
Further, the water content of the pug obtained in the step (1) is 5-15%.
Further, the ageing time of the pug in the step (2) is 6-24 hours; the preparation method of the blank body is semi-dry pressing and forming; the molding pressure is 2-8 MPa, preferably 4-6 MPa; the dwell time is 30 to 120s, preferably 60 to 120 s.
Further, aging in the step (2) is carried out in a closed space at normal temperature, so that uneven water distribution among materials caused by temperature difference is prevented.
Further, the natural drying time in the step (3) is 24 hours.
Further, the temperature rise rate of the blank in the step (3) is 1-10 ℃/min, specifically, the temperature is raised from room temperature to 300 ℃ at the temperature rise rate of 1-5 ℃/min, then the temperature is raised to 850-1050 ℃ at the temperature rise rate of 5-10 ℃/min, and the roasting temperature is preferably 900-950 ℃; and preserving heat for 1-5 h at the roasting temperature, wherein the preferable heat preservation time is 2-3 h.
The slow heating rate before 300 ℃ is due to the existence of free water which is not discharged in the drying stage in the blank body in the initial heating stage, and the low-speed heating reduces the influence caused by cracks or other quick heating in the heating process. After the temperature is increased to 300 ℃, free water and part of bound water in the green body are discharged, and the green body is not influenced by the increase of the temperature increase rate. Heating to the sintering temperature at the heating rate of 5-10 ℃/min, and preserving heat for 1-5 h, wherein all compound systems in the blank at the stage react, a high-temperature liquid phase is generated, harmful components are solidified, and the strength and the density of the finished product are formed at the stage.
The invention obtains the sintering material with excellent performance by controlling the selection and the matching of the secondary aluminum ash and other raw materials in the raw materials and the particle size range of the raw materials and adjusting the raw material proportion and the sintering conditions. The sintering material prepared by the method takes secondary aluminum ash and the raw material A as raw materials, and can obtain the sintering material with the compressive strength of more than MU20 and the density of 1500-1700 kg/m3Water absorption of 8-20% and saturation coefficient<0.85, leaching toxicity<The 100mg/L high-quality sintering material has the performance meeting the related national standards (GB/T5101-2017, GB 5085.3-2007 and the like), and has the characteristics of high strength, low energy consumption and effective utilization of wastes.
Compared with the prior art, the method for preparing the sintering material by using the secondary aluminum ash has the following advantages:
(1) the invention obtains the sintering material with excellent performance through the working procedures of selection and matching of chemical composition of raw materials, proportioning of the raw materials, blank making, drying, sintering and the like, the whole working procedure is simple in flow, easy to operate, strong in repeatability, relatively wide in raw material source, and possible to realize large-scale production and popularization.
(2) The invention provides a new idea for recycling the secondary aluminum ash, the sources of selected ingredients are wide, and different ingredients can be selected according to economic, environmental and social factors.
(3) The sintered material prepared by the preparation method has the advantages of high strength, small shrinkage and relatively low sintering temperature; the sintered material prepared by the invention has high strength and good performance, and can be widely applied by controlling the sintering temperature according to different raw materials.
(4) The invention utilizes the secondary aluminum ash listed in the national records of dangerous wastes, accords with the national development policy of the aluminum ash industry, provides a new direction for the raw material source of the sintering material, and has wide economic, social and environmental benefits.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method for preparing a sintered material according to an embodiment;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the appearance of a sintered material;
FIG. 3 is an XRD spectrum of aluminum ash and partially sintered product.
Detailed Description
The following further describes the embodiments of the present invention with reference to the drawings and examples. It is to be understood that the following examples are illustrative only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention, which is to be given numerous insubstantial modifications and adaptations by those skilled in the art based on the teachings set forth above.
The secondary aluminum ash used in the following examples is high-F aluminum ash provided by a company of Luoyang, Henan province, and the main component of the raw material A is SiO2-CaO-Al2O3The mineral composition can be coal gangue, shale, clay, fly ash, silt, muck, etc., or their mixture.
The water used in the examples described below may be city tap water or industrial purified water.
Example 1
In the embodiment, the secondary aluminum ash and the raw material A are used for preparing the sintering material, and the sintering material is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 10 parts of secondary aluminum ash, 90 parts of raw material A and 10 parts of water; wherein the raw material A is a mixture of clay and coal gangue; the grain size of the secondary aluminum ash is 300 mu m; the grain diameter of the raw material A is 850 mu m; the water content of the secondary aluminum ash and the water content of the raw material A are both less than 1 percent.
The preparation method of the sintered material of the embodiment, as shown in fig. 1, includes the following steps:
(1) analysis of raw materials
By means of XRD, XRF and the like, the chemical composition and the approximate proportion of the secondary aluminum ash and the raw material A are determined, and the proportion of the sintering material is preliminarily formulated according to the chemical composition and the approximate proportion; the compound is obtained by detection and analysis, the raw materials mainly contain compounds of Al, Si, Ca, Na, Fe and the like, and the content of alkali metal compounds is relatively high; and detecting the radioactivity of the secondary aluminum ash according to the national standard to ensure that the content of radioactive elements in the secondary aluminum ash for preparing the sintering material meets the standard.
(2) Pretreatment of raw materials
For the secondary aluminum ash, due to the factor of the storage time of the secondary aluminum ash after leaving factory and leaving factory, the original powdery or small-particle aluminum ash is hardened to form a mixed form of large blocks, small particles and powdery, and the secondary aluminum ash needs to be dried and crushed. After the crushed aluminum ash is screened by a standard screening sieve, the powder is independently stored and dried to constant weight at the temperature of 100 +/-5 ℃ for later use. The secondary aluminum ash particle size selected in this example was 300 μm.
Pretreatment of the raw material A: mixing two components of the raw material A according to a preset proportion, wherein the two raw materials are clay and coal gangue respectively. Crushing the mixed product, sieving with a 20-mesh sieve, and taking the sieved product for later use. The undersize mixture is dried to constant weight at a temperature of 100 ℃. + -. 5 ℃. The particle size of the raw material A selected in this example was 850. mu.m.
(3) Mixing material
Uniformly mixing the pre-treated secondary aluminum ash and the raw material A, wherein 10 parts of the secondary aluminum ash and 90 parts of the raw material A are mixed; mixing and stirring the dry materials uniformly, adding 10 parts of water, continuously stirring to fully and uniformly mix the mixture and the water, and completely combining the water and the dry materials to obtain pug; the water content of the sludge is theoretically 10%.
(4) Aging of the mixture
And aging the obtained pug for 6 hours in a closed space environment at normal temperature.
(5) Blank making
And stirring the aged pug again, and forming into a blank by semi-dry pressing, wherein the forming pressure is 4MPa, and the pressure maintaining time is 60 s.
(6) Drying
The obtained green body contains a plurality of water, and after natural drying for 1d at room temperature, abnormal green bodies with cracks, unfilled corners, few edges and the like are removed.
(7) Firing into
And (4) placing the dried blank into a sintering furnace, and sintering in an air atmosphere. Heating from room temperature to 300 ℃ at a heating rate of 3 ℃/min, then heating from 300 ℃ to 900 ℃ at a heating rate of 5 ℃/min, and keeping the temperature for 2 h. Finally, the sintered material can be obtained after furnace cooling.
Example 2
In the embodiment, the secondary aluminum ash and the raw material A are used for preparing the sintering material, and the sintering material is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 30 parts of secondary aluminum ash, 70 parts of raw material A and 15 parts of water; wherein the raw material A is a mixture of clay and shale; the grain size of the secondary aluminum ash is 150 mu m; the grain diameter of the raw material A is 300 mu m; the water content of the secondary aluminum ash and the water content of the raw material A are both less than 1 percent.
The preparation method of the sintered material of the embodiment comprises the following steps:
(1) analysis of raw materials
The same as in example 1.
(2) Pretreatment of raw materials
The pretreatment of the aluminum ash was the same as in example 1, and the particle size of the secondary aluminum ash was selected to be 150 μm in this example.
Pretreatment of the raw material A: mixing the two components of the raw material A according to a preset proportion, wherein the two raw materials are clay and shale respectively. Crushing the mixed product, sieving with a 50-mesh sieve, and taking the sieve for later use. The undersize mixture is dried to constant weight at a temperature of 100 ℃. + -. 5 ℃. The particle size of the raw material A selected in this example was 300. mu.m.
(3) Mixing material
Uniformly mixing the pre-treated secondary aluminum ash and the raw material A, wherein the secondary aluminum ash accounts for 30 parts, and the raw material A accounts for 70 parts; mixing and stirring the dry materials uniformly, adding 15 parts of water, continuously stirring to fully and uniformly mix the mixture and the water, and completely combining the water and the dry materials to obtain pug; the water content of the sludge is theoretically 15%.
(4) Aging of the mixture
And aging the obtained pug for 12 hours in a closed space environment at normal temperature.
(5) Blank making
And stirring the aged pug again, and forming into a blank by semi-dry pressing, wherein the forming pressure is 2MPa, and the pressure maintaining time is 120 s.
(6) Drying
The same as in example 1.
(7) Firing into
And (4) placing the dried blank into a sintering furnace, and sintering in an air atmosphere. Heating from room temperature to 300 ℃ at a heating rate of 1 ℃/min, then heating from 300 ℃ to 1000 ℃ at a heating rate of 8 ℃/min, and keeping the temperature for 4 h. Finally, the sintered material can be obtained after furnace cooling.
Example 3
In the embodiment, the secondary aluminum ash and the raw material A are used for preparing the sintering material, and the sintering material is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 40 parts of secondary aluminum ash, 60 parts of raw material A and 5 parts of water; wherein the raw material A is a mixture of coal gangue and shale; the grain size of the secondary aluminum ash is 150 mu m; the grain diameter of the raw material A is 150 mu m; the water content of the secondary aluminum ash and the water content of the raw material A are both less than 1 percent.
The preparation method of the sintered material of the embodiment comprises the following steps:
(1) analysis of raw materials
The same as in example 1.
(2) Pretreatment of raw materials
The pretreatment process of aluminum ash is the same as that of example 1, and the particle size of the secondary aluminum ash is 150 μm.
Pretreatment of the raw material A: mixing two components of the raw material A according to a preset proportion, wherein the two raw materials are coal gangue and shale respectively. Crushing the mixed product, sieving with 100 mesh sieve, and taking the sieve for later use. The undersize mixture is dried to constant weight at a temperature of 100 ℃. + -. 5 ℃. The particle size of the raw material A selected in this example was 150. mu.m.
(3) Mixing material
Uniformly mixing the pre-treated secondary aluminum ash and the raw material A, wherein 40 parts of the secondary aluminum ash and 60 parts of the raw material A are mixed; mixing and stirring the dry materials uniformly, adding 5 parts of water, continuously stirring to fully and uniformly mix the mixture and the water, and completely combining the water and the dry materials to obtain pug; the theoretical value of the water content of the pug is 5 percent.
(4) Aging of the mixture
And aging the obtained pug for 18h in a closed space environment at normal temperature.
(5) Blank making
Stirring the aged pug again, and forming into a blank body by semi-dry pressing, wherein the forming parameters are as follows: the molding pressure is 6MPa, and the dwell time is 90 s.
(6) Drying
The same as in example 1.
(7) Firing into
And transferring the dried green body to a sintering furnace, and sintering in an air atmosphere. Raising the temperature from room temperature to 300 ℃ at the temperature raising rate of 4 ℃/min, raising the temperature from 300 ℃ to 1050 ℃ at the temperature raising rate of 10 ℃/min, and keeping the temperature for 1 h. Finally, the sintered material can be obtained after furnace cooling.
Experimental example 4
In the embodiment, the secondary aluminum ash and the raw material A are used for preparing the sintering material, and the sintering material is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 50 parts of secondary aluminum ash, 50 parts of raw material A and 13 parts of water; wherein the raw material A is a mixture of clay, coal gangue and shale; the grain size of the secondary aluminum ash is 150 mu m; the grain diameter of the raw material A is 850 mu m; the water content of the secondary aluminum ash and the water content of the raw material A are both less than 1 percent.
The preparation method of the sintered material of the embodiment comprises the following steps:
(1) analysis of raw materials
The same as in example 1.
(2) Pretreatment of raw materials
The pretreatment process of aluminum ash is the same as that of example 1, and the particle size of the secondary aluminum ash is 150 μm.
Pretreatment of the raw material A: mixing the three components of the raw material A according to a preset proportion, wherein the three raw materials are clay, coal gangue and shale respectively. Crushing the mixed product of the three, sieving with a 20-mesh sieve, and taking the sieve down for later use. The undersize mixture is dried to constant weight at a temperature of 100 ℃. + -. 5 ℃. The particle size of the raw material A selected in this example was 850. mu.m.
(3) Mixing material
Uniformly mixing the pre-treated secondary aluminum ash and the raw material A, wherein 50 parts of the secondary aluminum ash and 50 parts of the raw material A are mixed; mixing and stirring the dry materials uniformly, adding 13 parts of water, continuously stirring to fully and uniformly mix the mixture and the water, and completely combining the water and the dry materials to obtain pug; the theoretical value of the water content of the pug is 13 percent.
(4) Aging of the mixture
And aging the obtained pug for 24 hours in a closed space environment at normal temperature.
(5) Blank making
Stirring the aged pug again, and forming into a blank body by semi-dry pressing, wherein the forming parameters are as follows: the molding pressure is 5MPa, and the dwell time is 30 s.
(6) Drying
The same as in example 1.
(7) Firing into
And transferring the dried green body to a sintering furnace, and sintering in an air atmosphere. The temperature is increased from room temperature to 300 ℃ at the temperature increasing rate of 5 ℃/min, then the temperature is increased from 300 ℃ to 850 ℃ at the temperature increasing rate of 8 ℃/min, and the temperature is kept for 3 h. Finally, the sintered material can be obtained after furnace cooling.
Example 5
In the embodiment, the secondary aluminum ash and the raw material A are used for preparing the sintering material, and the sintering material is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 80 parts of secondary aluminum ash, 20 parts of raw material A and 9 parts of water; wherein the raw material A is a mixture of coal gangue, shale and muck; the grain size of the secondary aluminum ash is 150 mu m; the grain diameter of the raw material A is 300 mu m; the water content of the secondary aluminum ash and the water content of the raw material A are both less than 1 percent.
The preparation method of the sintered material of the embodiment comprises the following steps:
(1) analysis of raw materials
The same as in example 1.
(2) Pretreatment of raw materials
The pretreatment process of aluminum ash is the same as that of example 1, and the particle size of the secondary aluminum ash is 150 μm.
Pretreatment of the raw material A: mixing the three components of the raw material A according to a preset proportion, wherein the three raw materials are coal gangue, shale and muck respectively. Crushing the mixed product of the three, sieving with a 50-mesh sieve, and taking the sieve down for later use. The undersize mixture is dried to constant weight at 100℃ +/-5 ℃. The particle size of the raw material A selected in this example was 300. mu.m.
(3) Mixing material
Uniformly mixing the pre-treated secondary aluminum ash and the raw material A, wherein 80 parts of the secondary aluminum ash and 20 parts of the raw material A are mixed; mixing and stirring the dry materials uniformly, adding 9 parts of water, continuously stirring to fully and uniformly mix the mixture and the water, and completely combining the water and the dry materials to obtain pug; the theoretical value of the water content of the pug is 9 percent.
(4) Aging of the mixture
And (3) aging the obtained pug for 10 hours in a closed space environment at normal temperature.
(5) Blank making
Stirring the aged pug again, and forming into a blank body by semi-dry pressing, wherein the forming parameters are as follows: the molding pressure is 8MPa, and the dwell time is 30 s.
(6) Drying
The same as in example 1.
(7) Firing into
And transferring the dried green body to a sintering furnace, and sintering in an air atmosphere. Raising the temperature from room temperature to 300 ℃ at the temperature raising rate of 2 ℃/min, raising the temperature from 300 ℃ to 950 ℃ at the temperature raising rate of 6 ℃/min, and preserving the temperature for 5 h. Finally, the sintered material can be obtained after furnace cooling.
Comparative example 1
Compared with the example 2, the comparative example utilizes the secondary aluminum ash and the raw material A to prepare the sintered material, and the sintered material is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight in the step (2): 90 parts of secondary aluminum ash, 10 parts of raw material A and 15 parts of water; the remaining steps were the same as in example 2. The main purpose of this comparative example is to investigate the influence of the composition of the raw materials on the properties of the sintered material.
Comparative example 2
Compared with the embodiment 2, the comparative example utilizes the secondary aluminum ash and the material A to prepare the sintered material, and in the step (5), the forming pressure is 10MPa and the pressure maintaining time is 60s in the forming process; the remaining steps were the same as in example 2. The comparative example is primarily intended to examine the effect of the forming pressure on the properties of the sintered material.
Comparative example 3
Compared with the example 2, in the step (7), the sintering temperature is 1100 ℃, the rest steps are the same as the example 2, and the influence of the sintering temperature on the material performance is mainly considered.
The sintered materials obtained in examples 1 to 5 and comparative examples 1 to 3 were tested for density, compressive strength, water absorption, saturation coefficient, leaching toxicity, etc., in the experimental case, the performance and the test procedure referred to the current national and industrial standards, and the test results are shown in table 1.
TABLE 1 data of the Performance test of the sintered materials of examples 1 to 5 and comparative examples 1 to 3
According to the performance test results of the samples in the examples, the samples obtained in the process range of the invention can meet the current standard. The comparison result between the comparative example and the example 2 shows that the material strength is rapidly reduced and F is rapidly reduced when the aluminum ash is excessively added-The leaching toxicity is higher than the national standard; the high molding pressure can cause the high density and the heavy self weight of the sintered material to influence the application of the material; the high sintering temperature can lead to high material density and over-sintering phenomenon, which causes severe deformation of the material.
The invention provides a short-flow large-scale aluminum ash digestion method, which can effectively utilize aluminum ash as a resource, can obtain a novel high-performance sintering material, avoids gas pollution in the production process, really realizes the harmless high-value combination of secondary aluminum ash and short-flow large-scale process, and has wide application prospect.
The foregoing shows and describes the general principles and features of the present invention, together with the advantages thereof. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, which are described in the specification and illustrated only to illustrate the principle of the present invention, but that various changes and modifications may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, which fall within the scope of the invention as claimed. The scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and equivalents thereof.
Claims (10)
1. A method for preparing a sintering material by using secondary aluminum ash is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) uniformly mixing the secondary aluminum ash and the raw material A by adding water to obtain pug;
(2) aging the pug obtained in the step (1) to prepare a blank;
(3) naturally drying the blank obtained in the step (2) at room temperature, and heating to 850-1050 DEG CoC and protectAnd cooling the mixture along with the furnace at the temperature of 1-5 hours to obtain the product.
2. The method for preparing a sintered material using secondary aluminum ash according to claim 1, wherein: in the step (1), the weight parts of the secondary aluminum ash are 10-80, the weight parts of the raw material A are 20-90, the weight parts of the water are 5-15, and the total weight parts of the secondary aluminum ash and the raw material A are 100.
3. The method for preparing a sintered material using secondary aluminum ash according to claim 1, wherein: the chemical composition of the secondary aluminum ash in the step (1) is as follows: al (Al)2O350~70%，Na2O 3~10%，CaO<10% and 2-10% of F, SiO2<10%，Fe2O3<3% and the others are impurities.
4. The method for preparing a sintered material using secondary aluminum ash according to claim 1, wherein: in the step (1), the main component of the raw material A is silicate mineral, and the silicate mineral comprises one or a mixture of more of construction waste, coal gangue, shale, clay, fly ash, slag soil and sludge.
5. The method for preparing a sintered material using secondary aluminum ash according to claim 1, wherein: in the step (1), the secondary aluminum ash and the raw material A are both 95 DEG CoC~105oC, drying for 24 hours; the granularity of the secondary aluminum ash is less than or equal to 50 meshes, and the granularity of the raw material A is less than or equal to 20 meshes.
6. The method for preparing a sintered material using secondary aluminum ash according to claim 1, wherein: and (2) the water content of the pug obtained in the step (1) is 5-15%.
7. The method for preparing a sintered material using secondary aluminum ash according to claim 1, wherein: the ageing time of the pug in the step (2) is 6-24 hours, the preparation method of the blank body is semi-dry pressing forming, the forming pressure is 2-8 MPa, and the pressure maintaining time is 30-120 s.
8. The method for preparing a sintered material using secondary aluminum ash according to claim 1, wherein: and (4) naturally drying for 24 hours in the step (3).
9. The method for preparing a sintered material using secondary aluminum ash according to claim 1, wherein: the temperature rise rate of the blank in the step (3) is 1-10oC/min is 1-5 oThe temperature rising rate of C/min is increased from room temperature to 300oC, then 5 to 10 oHeating to 850-1050 ℃ at a C/min heating rateoAnd C, preserving the heat for 1-5 hours at the roasting temperature.
10. Sintered material obtained by the method according to any of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: the compression strength of the sintered material is greater than MU20, and the density is 1500-1700 kg/m3Water absorption of 8-20% and saturation coefficient<0.85, leaching toxicity<100mg/L。
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| CN116332543A (en) * | 2023-03-17 | 2023-06-27 | 宁波大学 | Application of secondary aluminum ash high-temperature sintering slag grinding powder and quick-hardening high-strength sulphoaluminate cement-based grouting material containing powder |
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