CN114081010B - Deep sea multicellular organism pressure maintaining capture and long-term culture device - Google Patents
Deep sea multicellular organism pressure maintaining capture and long-term culture device Download PDFInfo
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- CN114081010B CN114081010B CN202111155342.7A CN202111155342A CN114081010B CN 114081010 B CN114081010 B CN 114081010B CN 202111155342 A CN202111155342 A CN 202111155342A CN 114081010 B CN114081010 B CN 114081010B
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; CARE OF BIRDS, FISHES, INSECTS; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K63/00—Receptacles for live fish, e.g. aquaria; Terraria
- A01K63/003—Aquaria; Terraria
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; CARE OF BIRDS, FISHES, INSECTS; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
- A01K61/80—Feeding devices
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; CARE OF BIRDS, FISHES, INSECTS; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K63/00—Receptacles for live fish, e.g. aquaria; Terraria
- A01K63/003—Aquaria; Terraria
- A01K63/006—Accessories for aquaria or terraria
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
Abstract
The invention relates to a deep sea organism capturing and culturing technology, and aims to provide a device for pressure-maintaining capturing and long-term culturing of deep sea multicellular organisms. Two ends of a pressure maintaining cavity of the device are opened, and a movable end cover is arranged at the inner side of the pressure maintaining cavity for sealing; spring sleeve mechanisms are arranged in the pressure maintaining cavity in parallel, the inner sleeve and the outer sleeve are coaxially in interference fit, and two ends of the spring are fixed on the movable end cover; the outer side of the movable end cover is connected with a damping release mechanism; the pressure maintaining cavity is also connected with an energy accumulator system, a fresh seawater conveying system and a food feeding system. The invention adopts a sealing triggering structure, simplifies the structure of the biological pressure maintaining sampling equipment, reduces the weight of the biological pressure maintaining sampling equipment and is simple and convenient to operate. The two ends of the pressure maintaining cabin body are sealed by the movable end covers, and the movable end covers are powered by the spring sleeves, so that the design of a motor, an oil cylinder and a transmission structure which are possibly increased is saved, the integral structure is simplified, and the cost is saved. The matched culture system can provide seawater circulation renewal, oxygen supply and physical nutrition supply for the multicellular organisms.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a deep sea organism capturing and culturing technology, in particular to a device for pressure-maintaining capturing and long-term culturing of deep sea multicellular organisms.
Background
The deep-sea biosphere is one of the largest but the least developed biological habitats on the earth, which is mainly limited by the lack of sampling and culturing means. Biological pressure-holding sampling under deep sea conditions, pressure-holding transfer after recovery, and long-term culture are important technical means for studying deep sea organisms.
In terms of the technical means of pressure-maintaining sampling of deep-sea multicellular organisms (relative to microorganisms), the deep-sea multicellular organisms are mainly divided into two types according to the distribution mode. One is the lander-based sampling technique by laying the equipment on the lander with buoyant material and laying the weights on the lander. And after the sampling device reaches the seabed, the driving device of the sampling device is started to finish the sampling action. After sampling is finished, the lander is unloaded, and the sampling equipment returns to the sea surface along with the lander. The second is to complete the sampling with the help of an ROV. The manipulator of the ROV helps the sampler to complete the sampling action. This approach does not require the sampling device to have its own power source. In terms of sealing, there are basic classifications of hard seals and packing seals. Hard sealing is primarily meant to be accomplished by extrusion of metal surfaces using ball valves and the like. The packing seal mainly refers to a seal formed by utilizing extrusion force of a rubber sealing ring and a sealing interface. Generally, metal-to-metal seals have high reliability, but are heavy, which causes great inconvenience for deployment in deep sea.
In addition, in order to observe and test a biological sample obtained by deep sea pressure-holding sampling for a long period of time, it is necessary to transfer the biological sample from the pressure-holding sampling apparatus to a maintenance culture apparatus. In the process, problems of equipment pressure loss, organism mechanical damage, long transfer time and the like are often caused by switching operation, and research workers are troubled for a long time.
Therefore, it is an urgent need for researchers to provide a device capable of sampling deep sea and long-term preservation and culture, and there is no published report on such a technique.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of overcoming the defects in the prior art and provides a device for pressure-maintaining capture and long-term culture of deep-sea multicellular organisms.
In order to solve the technical problem, the solution of the invention is as follows:
the device comprises a pressure maintaining cavity, a spring sleeve mechanism, an energy accumulator system, a damping release mechanism and an auxiliary culture mechanism; wherein the content of the first and second substances,
the main body of the pressure maintaining cavity is a pressure-resistant cylinder body which is of a cylindrical structure with openings at two ends; the opening ends of the two fixed end covers are respectively provided with a central opening, and the size of the opening can enable a biological living body sample to freely pass through; a movable end cover is arranged on the inner side of the fixed end cover, and the opening of the fixed end cover can be sealed from the inside of the pressure maintaining cavity; a plurality of adapters are arranged on the side wall of the pressure-resistant cylinder body;
the spring sleeve mechanism is arranged in the pressure maintaining cavity in parallel and comprises an outer sleeve, a spring and an inner sleeve; the outer sleeve is sleeved outside the inner sleeve and is in coaxial interference fit with the inner sleeve, and the outer side ends of the outer sleeve and the inner sleeve are respectively fixed on the inner side surfaces of the two movable end covers; the spring is arranged in the inner cavity of the inner sleeve, and two ends of the spring are respectively fixed on the inner side surfaces of the two movable end covers;
the energy accumulator system comprises an energy accumulator and a stainless steel pipe, wherein a piston is arranged in the energy accumulator, and joints are arranged at two ends of the energy accumulator; two ends of the stainless steel pipe are respectively connected with the pressure-resistant cylinder and the joint at the end part of the energy accumulator and are used for communicating the pressure-maintaining cavity and the inner cavity of the energy accumulator to keep the pressure consistent;
the damping release mechanism comprises two sets of damping connecting rod-damping support combinations, and the damping connecting rods and the spring sleeve mechanisms are coaxially arranged; one end of each damping connecting rod is respectively fixed on the outer side surfaces of the two movable end covers, the other end of each damping connecting rod penetrates through the corresponding damping support to realize displacement restraint by the corresponding damping support, and the damping supports are fixed on the external machine frame; the damping connecting rod and the damping support are locked through the insertion part;
the auxiliary culture mechanism comprises a fresh seawater conveying system and a food feeding system which are connected with an adapter on the side wall of the pressure-resistant cylinder body through a stainless steel pipe respectively.
As a preferable scheme of the invention, the fixed end cover is fixed at the end part of the pressure-resistant cylinder body by a screw, and an O-shaped sealing ring is arranged between the fixed end cover and the end part of the pressure-resistant cylinder body; and the opposite surface of the fixed end cover or the movable end cover is provided with an annular groove, and an O-shaped sealing ring is arranged in the groove.
As the preferred scheme of the invention, the movable end cover is provided with an observation window made of transparent glass; the outer side ends of the outer sleeve and the inner sleeve are bonded and fixed on the inner side surface of the observation window or the end cover surface of the outer edge of the observation window.
As a preferable scheme of the present invention, the adapter on the side wall of the pressure-resistant cylinder is mounted on the pressure-resistant cylinder in a threaded connection manner, and an O-ring is disposed between the adapter and the pressure-resistant cylinder to realize radial sealing.
As a preferable scheme of the invention, the inner cavity of the energy accumulator is divided into two parts by a piston, wherein one side communicated with the stainless steel pipe is a liquid chamber, and the other side is a gas chamber.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the energy accumulator is fixed to a side wall of the pressure-resistant cylinder.
As the preferred scheme of the invention, the damping connecting rod and/or the damping bracket are/is provided with jacks, slots or lock holes; the inserting component is a bolt or a movable lock catch and is used for locking the relative position of the damping connecting rod and the damping support.
As the preferred scheme of the invention, the fresh seawater conveying system comprises a stainless steel pipe, a booster pump and a one-way valve, wherein an inlet of the booster pump is connected to a water source; one end of the stainless steel pipe is sequentially connected with the check valve and the outlet of the booster pump, and the other end of the stainless steel pipe is connected to the adapter on the side wall of the pressure-resistant cylinder.
As the preferred scheme of the invention, the food feeding system comprises a feeding inlet, a feeding ball valve, a water inlet ball valve, a feeding ball valve, a booster pump and a food mixing cabin, wherein the inlet of the booster pump is connected to a water source; the food mixing bin is respectively connected with the feed inlet, the booster pump outlet and the adapter on the side wall of the pressure-resistant cylinder body through stainless steel pipes, and the feed ball valve, the water inlet ball valve and the feed ball valve are respectively arranged on the stainless steel pipes.
As a preferable scheme of the invention, the adapter on the side wall of the pressure-resistant cylinder comprises an overflow adapter, and is connected with an overflow valve through a stainless steel pipe.
Description of the inventive principles:
the invention relates to a device for pressure-maintaining capture and long-term culture of deep-sea multicellular organisms, which can be arranged on an underwater ROV and can complete underwater closing and sealing after the capture of the multicellular organisms by means of a manipulator. The invention discloses an in-situ packaging and pressure maintaining sampler, which is characterized in that an end cover closing mechanism of a capturing device is started by an ROV manipulator under the condition of maintaining a seabed in-situ environment, so that a movable end cover is closed under a spring mechanism and forms a closed cavity with a cylinder under the action of internal pressure. The mechanism can reduce secondary damage generated when deep sea multicellular organisms are captured to the maximum extent, and a gas-liquid piston energy accumulator externally connected with a cavity of the capturing device can compensate pressure reduction caused by insufficient sealing and pressure deformation of a sealed pressure-resistant cavity. In addition, the device is provided with an observation window and a plurality of interfaces, and can be used for long-term culture monitoring of multicellular organisms.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) The device is arranged on an underwater ROV and finishes sampling action by virtue of a manipulator. After being recovered to the sea surface, the culture medium can be directly used as a long-term culture device. After being recovered to land, the system is connected with a fresh seawater conveying system and a food feeding system, and can be directly subjected to long-term laboratory culture research.
(2) The invention adopts a novel sealing triggering structure, simplifies the structure of the biological pressure-maintaining sampling equipment, lightens the weight of the biological pressure-maintaining sampling equipment and is simple and convenient to operate.
(3) The original multi-cell capturing device is usually grabbed by a mechanical hand and can not realize pressure-maintaining acquisition, but the invention can not only finish the acquisition of the multi-cell organisms without external force secondary damage, but also provide a closed cavity to realize the pressure-maintaining sampling of the multi-cell organisms.
(4) The local sapphire glass that constitutes of pressurize cabin body both ends end cover compares this design in traditional metal culture kettle and can make things convenient for scientist to the direct observation and the monitoring of multicellular biological life state.
(5) The two ends of the pressure maintaining cabin body are sealed by the movable end covers, and the movable end covers are powered by the spring sleeves, so that the design of a motor, an oil cylinder and a transmission structure which are possibly increased is saved, the integral structure is simplified, and the cost is saved.
(6) The matched culture system is designed to provide seawater circulation renewal, oxygen supply and nutrient supply for the multicellular organisms, and can provide an environment for long-term culture of the multicellular organisms for scientists.
(7) The invention provides a new design idea integrating collection and long-term culture, and has wide application prospect in the fields of pressure-maintaining sampling and long-term culture of deep-sea multicellular organisms.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the open trap of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a closed trap according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic sectional view of the external culture system of the capturing device of the present invention.
In the figure: 1-pressure-resistant cylinder body; 2-fixing the end cover; 3-a damping support; 4-inserting a pin; 5-a damping connecting rod; 6-movable end cover; 7-overflow valve interface; 8-an observation window; 9-an outer sleeve; 10-a spring; 11-an inner sleeve; 12-water inlet interface; 13-accumulator interface; 14-accumulator end cap; 15-an accumulator; 16-a piston; 17-needle valves; 18-a feeding interface; 19-feeding and importing; 20-a feeding ball valve; 21-a water inlet ball valve; 22-a booster pump; 23-water source; 24-a feed ball valve; 25-relief valves; 26-water source; 27-a booster pump; 28-a one-way valve; 29-food mixing compartment.
Detailed Description
The following examples are set forth to provide those of ordinary skill in the art with a more complete understanding of the present invention, and are not to be construed as limiting the present invention in any way.
The numbering of the components as such, for example "first", "second", etc., in this application is used solely to distinguish between the objects depicted and not to imply any order or technical meaning. The term "connected" and "coupled" when used in this application, unless otherwise indicated, includes both direct and indirect connections (couplings). In the description of the present application, it is to be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", and the like, indicate orientations or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are used only for convenience in describing the present application and for simplicity in description, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed in a particular orientation, and be operated, and thus, are not to be considered as limiting the present application.
In this application, unless expressly stated or limited otherwise, the first feature "on" or "under" the second feature may be directly contacting the first and second features or indirectly contacting the first and second features through intervening media. Also, a first feature "on," "over," and "above" a second feature may be directly or diagonally above the second feature, or may simply indicate that the first feature is at a higher level than the second feature. A first feature being "under," "below," and "beneath" a second feature may be directly under or obliquely under the first feature, or may simply mean that the first feature is at a lesser elevation than the second feature.
As shown in the attached drawings 1-3, the device for pressure-maintaining capture and long-term culture of deep-sea multicellular organisms comprises a pressure-maintaining cavity, a spring sleeve mechanism, an energy accumulator system, a damping release mechanism and an auxiliary culture mechanism; wherein the content of the first and second substances,
the main body of the pressure maintaining cavity is a pressure-resistant cylinder body 1 which is of a cylindrical structure with openings at two ends; the opening ends of the two fixed end covers are respectively provided with a fixed end cover 2 with a central opening, and the size of the opening can enable a biological living body sample to freely pass through; a movable end cover 6 is arranged on the inner side of the fixed end cover 2 and can seal the opening on the fixed end cover 2 from the inside of the pressure maintaining cavity; the side wall of the pressure-resistant cylinder body 1 is provided with a plurality of adapters. The adapter passes through threaded connection mode and installs on withstand voltage barrel 1, sets up O type sealing washer between the two in order to realize radial seal. The fixed end cover 2 is fixed at the end part of the pressure-resistant cylinder body 1 by a screw, and an O-shaped sealing ring is arranged between the fixed end cover and the pressure-resistant cylinder body; an observation window 8 made of transparent glass is arranged on the movable end cover 6; the opposite surface of the fixed end cover 2 or the movable end cover 6 is provided with an annular groove, and an O-shaped sealing ring is arranged in the groove.
The spring sleeve mechanism is arranged in the pressure maintaining cavity in parallel and comprises an outer sleeve 9, a spring 10 and an inner sleeve 11; the outer sleeve 9 is sleeved outside the inner sleeve 11, and the inner sleeve and the outer sleeve are in coaxial interference fit. The outer ends of the outer sleeve 9 and the inner sleeve 11 are respectively fixed on the inner side surfaces of the two movable end covers: depending on the size of the observation window 8, the ends of the outer sleeve 9 and the inner sleeve 11 may be fixed by adhesive means to the inside surface of the observation window 8 or to the inside surface of the movable end cap 9 at the outer edge of the observation window 8. The spring 10 is arranged in the inner cavity of the inner sleeve 11, and two ends of the spring are respectively fixed on the inner side surfaces of the two movable end covers 9 (or the observation windows 8).
The energy accumulator system comprises an energy accumulator 15 and a stainless steel pipe, wherein a piston 16 is arranged in the energy accumulator 15, and joints are arranged at two ends of the energy accumulator; two ends of the stainless steel pipe are respectively connected with joints arranged at the end parts of the pressure-resistant cylinder body 1 and the energy accumulator 15 and are used for communicating the pressure-maintaining cavity and the inner cavity of the energy accumulator to keep the pressure consistent; the inner cavity of the accumulator 15 is divided into two parts by a piston 16, wherein one side communicating with the stainless steel tube is a liquid chamber and the other side is a gas chamber. The energy accumulator 15 is optionally fastened to the side wall of the pressure-resistant cylinder 1.
The damping release mechanism comprises two sets of damping connecting rod-damping support combinations, and the damping connecting rods 5 and the spring sleeve mechanisms are coaxially arranged; one end of each damping connecting rod 5 is respectively fixed on the outer side surfaces of the two movable end covers 6 (on the observation window or the movable end cover on the outer edge of the observation window), the other end of each damping connecting rod passes through the corresponding damping support 3 to realize displacement restraint by the damping connecting rod, and the damping support 3 is fixed on an external machine frame; the damping connecting rod 5 and the damping bracket 3 are locked through the insertion part. Jacks, slots or lock holes are arranged on the damping connecting rod 5 and/or the damping bracket 3; the plug-in part can be selected as a bolt 4 or a movable lock catch for locking the relative positions of the damping link 5 and the damping mount 3.
The auxiliary culture mechanism comprises a fresh seawater conveying system and a food feeding system which are connected with the adapter on the side wall of the pressure-resistant cylinder body 1 through a stainless steel pipe respectively. The fresh seawater conveying system comprises a stainless steel pipe, a booster pump 27 and a one-way valve 28, wherein the inlet of the booster pump 27 is connected to a water source 26; one end of the stainless steel tube is connected with the one-way valve 28 and the outlet of the booster pump 27 in sequence, and the other end is connected to the adapter on the side wall of the pressure-resistant cylinder 1. The food feeding system comprises a feeding inlet 19, a feeding ball valve 20, a water inlet ball valve 21, a feeding ball valve 24, a booster pump 22 and a food mixing cabin 29, wherein the inlet of the booster pump 22 is connected to a water source 23; the food mixing bin 29 is respectively connected with the food feeding inlet 19, the outlet of the booster pump 22 and the adapter on the side wall of the pressure-resistant cylinder 1 through stainless steel pipes, and the food feeding ball valve 20, the water inlet ball valve 21 and the food feeding ball valve 24 are respectively arranged on the stainless steel pipes.
The adapter on the side wall of the pressure-resistant cylinder body 1 comprises an overflow adapter and is connected with an overflow valve 25 through a stainless steel pipe.
The multi-connecting-rod structure can be made of nylon materials, and stainless steel tubes, steel wire ropes, springs, torsional springs and O-shaped sealing rings can be all commercially available products. And processing the pressure-resistant cylinder body, the fixed end cover, the movable end cover, the energy accumulator system and the like of the capturing device according to actual needs.
Because the device is not provided with a hand grip, the device can ensure that no secondary damage of external force is generated in the process of capturing the deep sea. The fixed end cover 2 is provided with a large opening which is matched with the seal of the movable end cover 6, so that organisms with larger volume can enter the pressure maintaining cabin body. The energy accumulator system can compensate the pressure reduction of the internal chamber caused by the deformation and insufficient sealing of the metal cabin body, and can also compensate the pressure loss in the culture process. The fixed end cover 2 is locally provided with the sapphire glass observation window 8, so that scientists can conveniently and directly observe and monitor the life state of the multicellular organisms. The fresh seawater delivery system and the food feeding system can be used for long-term culture of multicellular organisms under in-situ pressure in a laboratory. Food is put into the high-pressure cabin through a food feeding system so as to ensure the long-term culture of organisms; the fresh seawater conveying mechanism realizes the circulation of the water body to take out biological metabolites, so that scientists can conveniently research the metabolites.
A more detailed description is as follows:
the capturing pressure maintaining cavity comprises a pressure-resistant cylinder body 1, a pressure-resistant fixed end cover 2, a pressure-resistant movable end cover 6 and an observation window 8 made of sapphire glass. The pressure-resistant capturing device is bilaterally symmetrical, the fixed end cover 2 and the pressure-resistant cylinder body 1 are radially sealed through an O-shaped sealing ring, and the fixed connection between the fixed end cover and the pressure-resistant cylinder body is realized through a screw; the fixed end cover 6 and the observation window 8 are radially sealed through an O-shaped sealing ring and are connected through an inclined plane in an adhesive mode; the pressure-resistant cylinder body 1 is provided with an energy accumulator interface 13, a water inlet interface 12, an overflow valve interface 7 and a feed interface 18, each interface is internally provided with an adapter, and the adapters are radially sealed with the cylinder body through O-shaped sealing rings and are connected through threads.
The spring sleeve mechanism comprises a spring 10, an inner sleeve 11 and an outer sleeve 9, and the end part of the outer sleeve 9 is bonded with the right observation window 8; the end of the inner sleeve 11 is bonded to the left viewing window. The two sleeves can realize coaxial interference fit due to the diameter difference; the spring 10 is arranged in the two sleeves, and the left end and the right end of the spring are also bonded with the two observation windows; the interference coaxial fit of the sleeve may allow the spring 10 to reciprocate only linearly in a limited direction.
The energy accumulator system comprises an energy accumulator end cover 14, an energy accumulator 15, a piston 16 and a needle valve 17, wherein the energy accumulator end cover 14 is radially sealed with the energy accumulator 15 through an O-shaped sealing ring and is connected through threads; the piston 16 is sealed in the radial direction with the energy accumulator 15 through an O-shaped sealing ring; the adapter at the end part of the energy accumulator realizes radial sealing with the energy accumulator through the O-shaped sealing ring and realizes connection through threads; a chamber on the right side of the energy accumulator piston 16 is a nitrogen chamber, and a needle valve for inflation and sealing is connected to the outside of the chamber; the left chamber of the accumulator piston 16 is the seawater chamber.
The damping release mechanism comprises a damping connecting rod 5, a damping bracket 3 and a bolt 4, and the left end of the damping connecting rod 5 is bonded with the observation window 8; the damping bracket 3 is fixed on an external frame; the damping bracket 3 can restrict the damping connecting rod 5 to reciprocate on a straight line and can provide certain resistance to prevent the observation window 8 from suddenly moving under the action of the spring 10 and colliding with the fixed end cover 2; the plug pin 4 is inserted into the jack of the damping support 3 and used for blocking the end part of the damping connecting rod 5, and the plug pin 4 is plugged and pulled out through a mechanical arm of the underwater ROV.
FIG. 3 shows the external culture system of the multi-cell biological capture device, which includes a fresh seawater delivery system and a food feeding system. The fresh seawater conveying system comprises a one-way valve 28, a booster pump 27, a water source 26 and an overflow valve 25, wherein the one-way valve 28 is connected with the pressure-resistant cylinder body 1 through an adapter before the device is launched, and the other end of the one-way valve is connected with an outlet of the booster pump 27 after the device is recovered; the inlet of the booster pump 27 is connected with a water source 26; the overflow valve 25 is hermetically connected with the pressure-resistant cylinder 1 through an adapter before the device is used for draining water.
The food feeding system comprises a food feeding inlet 19, a food feeding ball valve 20, a food feeding cabin 29, a water inlet ball valve 21, a food feeding booster pump 22, a food feeding ball valve 24 and a water source 23, wherein the food feeding ball valve 24 is hermetically connected with the pressure-resistant cylinder body 1 through a joint before the device is used for draining water, and the other end of the food feeding ball valve is connected with the food feeding cabin 29; the food mixing cabin 29 is connected with the food throwing inlet 19 through a food throwing ball valve 20; the food mixing cabin 29 is connected with the outlet of the booster pump 22 through a water inlet ball valve 21; the inlet of the booster pump 22 is connected with a water source 23.
The working process of the invention is as follows:
before the catching device is launched into water, the damping connecting rods 5 on the left side and the right side are pushed simultaneously to drive the movable end covers 6 to move closely, so that the movable end covers 6 (the observation windows 8) on the left end and the right end drive the outer sleeve 9 and the inner sleeve 11 to move closely and extrude the spring 10. When the ends of the left and right damping connecting rods 5 move to proper positions, the bolt 4 is inserted into the damping bracket 3 to limit the damping connecting rods 5, and the open holes of the fixed end covers 2 at the left and right ends are in an open state. The gas chamber on the right side of the accumulator piston 16 is pre-charged with nitrogen at pressure so that the piston 16 is pushed to the leftmost side of the accumulator chamber. The check valve 28, the feed ball valve 24, and the overflow valve 25 are connected to the pressure-resistant cylinder 1.
In the launching process, the depth of the device is increased continuously, and the pressure of seawater borne by the device is increased continuously. Seawater in the pressure maintaining cavity enters the liquid chamber on the left side of the energy accumulator piston 16 through the pressure-resistant stainless steel pipe under the action of pressure, and pushes the piston 16 to move so as to realize the balance of the pressure of the gas-liquid chamber.
After the device reaches the designated water depth, the state of the device and whether the deep sea multicellular organisms (relative to the microorganisms) enter the cabin body are observed by a camera on the ROV which is simultaneously launching. When deep sea multicellular organisms enter the pressure maintaining cavity, the bolt 4 is pulled out of the damping support 3 and released through a mechanical arm on the ROV, and at the moment, the spring sleeve mechanism loses the motion constraint in the axial direction. Under the action of the energy accumulated by the spring 10, the observation windows 8 at the left and right ends drive the sleeve and the damping connecting rod 5 to move away towards the two ends. The movable end covers 6 at the left end and the right end and the fixed end cover 2 are axially sealed through O-shaped sealing rings, and the friction force between the damping connecting rod 5 and the damping support 3 can prevent the observation window 8 from generating instant acceleration under the action of the spring 10 and causing sudden movement to impact the fixed end cover 2.
In the process of recovering the device, the outer pressure is continuously reduced along with the rise of the device because the cabin body is in a sealing state. In the process, the internal pressure of the cabin body is greater than the external pressure, so the movable end cover 6 is tightly and hermetically connected with the fixed end cover 2 under the action of differential pressure. Because the pressure deformation and weak insufficient sealing of the pressure-resistant metal cabin body in the recovery process can cause small reduction of the internal pressure of the cabin body, the energy accumulator piston 16 moves rightwards under the action of the pressure of the gas cavity to compensate the pressure reduction of the internal pressure of the cabin body of the capturing device.
After the unit is recovered, the booster pump 27 and water supply 26 are connected to the one-way valve 28 and the food feeding system is connected to the feeding ball valve 24. The booster pump 27 is turned on and when the pressure is greater than the pressure inside the chamber, external fresh seawater is pumped from the water supply 26 into the chamber and the pressure inside the chamber is now increased. When the pressure in the chamber of the capture device is larger than the set threshold value of the overflow valve 25, the seawater in the chamber flows out of the overflow valve 25. The outlet of the overflow valve 25 is connected to a water source 26, so that a dynamic balance circulating water system can be formed. For a food feeding system, the feeding ball valve 24 is kept closed before feeding, the feeding ball valve 20 is opened, food is fed into the food mixing chamber 29 through the feeding inlet 19, and the feeding ball valve 20 is closed. The water inlet ball valve 21 and the booster pump 22 are opened, and fresh seawater is introduced from the water source 23 to pressurize the food mixing chamber 29. When the pressure of the food mixing chamber 29 is equal to the pressure inside the device, the feed booster pump 22 and the water inlet ball valve 21 are closed. The feeding ball valve 24 is opened, and the food in the food mixing chamber 29 enters the inner part of the chamber of the capturing device through the feeding ball valve 24 under the action of the self-weight in an environment without pressure difference. So far, with the support of a fresh seawater conveying system and a food feeding system, the long-term culture research of the benthos in a laboratory can be directly carried out.
Finally, it should be noted that the above-mentioned list is only a specific embodiment of the present invention. It is obvious that the invention is not limited to the above embodiments, but that many variations are possible. All modifications which can be derived or suggested by a person skilled in the art from the disclosure of the present invention are to be considered within the scope of the invention.
Claims (7)
1. A deep sea multicellular organism pressure maintaining capture and long-term culture device is characterized by comprising a pressure maintaining cavity, a spring sleeve mechanism, an energy accumulator system, a damping release mechanism and an auxiliary culture mechanism; wherein, the first and the second end of the pipe are connected with each other,
the main body of the pressure maintaining cavity is a pressure-resistant cylinder body which is of a cylindrical structure with openings at two ends; the opening ends of the two fixed end covers are respectively provided with a central opening, and the size of the opening can enable a biological living body sample to freely pass through; the inner side of the fixed end cover is provided with a movable end cover, and the opening of the fixed end cover can be sealed from the inside of the pressure maintaining cavity; a plurality of adapters are arranged on the side wall of the pressure-resistant cylinder, wherein the adapters comprise overflow adapters connected to an overflow valve through stainless steel pipes;
the spring sleeve mechanism is arranged in the pressure maintaining cavity in parallel and comprises an outer sleeve, a spring and an inner sleeve; the outer sleeve is sleeved outside the inner sleeve and is in coaxial interference fit with the inner sleeve, and the outer side ends of the outer sleeve and the inner sleeve are respectively fixed on the inner side surfaces of the two movable end covers; the spring is arranged in the inner cavity of the inner sleeve, and two ends of the spring are respectively fixed on the inner side surfaces of the two movable end covers;
the energy accumulator system comprises an energy accumulator and a stainless steel pipe, wherein a piston is arranged in the energy accumulator, and joints are arranged at two ends of the energy accumulator; the two ends of the stainless steel pipe are respectively connected with the pressure-resistant cylinder and the joints at the end parts of the energy accumulator and are used for communicating the pressure-maintaining cavity and the inner cavity of the energy accumulator to keep the pressure consistent;
the damping release mechanism comprises two sets of damping connecting rod-damping support combinations, and the damping connecting rods and the spring sleeve mechanisms are coaxially arranged; one end of each damping connecting rod is respectively fixed on the outer side surfaces of the two movable end covers, the other end of each damping connecting rod penetrates through the corresponding damping support to realize displacement restraint by the corresponding damping support, and the damping supports are fixed on the external rack; the damping connecting rod and the damping support are locked through the insertion part;
the auxiliary culture mechanism comprises a fresh seawater conveying system and a food feeding system which are respectively connected with an adapter on the side wall of the pressure-resistant cylinder body through a stainless steel pipe;
the fresh seawater conveying system comprises a stainless steel pipe, a booster pump and a one-way valve, wherein an inlet of the booster pump is connected to a water source; one end of the stainless steel pipe is sequentially connected with the check valve and the outlet of the booster pump, and the other end of the stainless steel pipe is connected to the adapter on the side wall of the pressure-resistant cylinder;
the food feeding system comprises a feeding inlet, a feeding ball valve, a water inlet ball valve, a feeding ball valve, a booster pump and a food mixing cabin, wherein an inlet of the booster pump is connected to a water source; the food mixing bin is connected with the feed inlet, the booster pump outlet and the adapter on the side wall of the pressure-resistant cylinder body through the stainless steel pipe respectively, and the feed ball valve, the water inlet ball valve and the feed ball valve are arranged on the stainless steel pipe respectively.
2. The device of claim 1, wherein the fixed end cap is fixed to the end of the pressure-resistant cylinder by a screw, and an O-ring is arranged between the fixed end cap and the pressure-resistant cylinder; and the opposite surface of the fixed end cover or the movable end cover is provided with an annular groove, and an O-shaped sealing ring is arranged in the groove.
3. The device of claim 1, wherein the movable end cap is provided with a viewing window of transparent glass material; the outer side ends of the outer sleeve and the inner sleeve are bonded and fixed on the inner side surface of the observation window or the end cover surface of the outer edge of the observation window.
4. The apparatus of claim 1 wherein the adapter on the side wall of the pressure vessel is threadably mounted on the pressure vessel with an O-ring seal therebetween to provide a radial seal.
5. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the interior chamber of the accumulator is divided into two portions by a piston, wherein the side in communication with the stainless steel tube is a liquid chamber and the other side is a gas chamber.
6. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the energy accumulator is fixed on the side wall of the pressure cylinder.
7. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that jacks, slots or keyholes are arranged on the damping connecting rod and/or the damping bracket; the inserting component is a bolt or a movable lock catch and is used for locking the relative positions of the damping connecting rod and the damping support.
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| CN111109214B (en) * | 2020-01-19 | 2023-12-19 | 湖南科技大学 | Suction type deep sea submarine organism collecting and in-situ retaining system and using method thereof |
| CN114317249A (en) * | 2022-03-15 | 2022-04-12 | 南方海洋科学与工程广东省实验室(广州) | Marine in-situ environment single cell high-throughput sorting device and method |
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