CN114080919A - Method for manufacturing self-supply slow-release nutrient flowerpot by using sludge - Google Patents
Method for manufacturing self-supply slow-release nutrient flowerpot by using sludge Download PDFInfo
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- CN114080919A CN114080919A CN202010755689.4A CN202010755689A CN114080919A CN 114080919 A CN114080919 A CN 114080919A CN 202010755689 A CN202010755689 A CN 202010755689A CN 114080919 A CN114080919 A CN 114080919A
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- Prior art keywords
- sludge
- flowerpot
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- glue
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G9/00—Cultivation in receptacles, forcing-frames or greenhouses; Edging for beds, lawn or the like
- A01G9/02—Receptacles, e.g. flower-pots or boxes; Glasses for cultivating flowers
- A01G9/021—Pots formed in one piece; Materials used therefor
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
- B28B—SHAPING CLAY OR OTHER CERAMIC COMPOSITIONS; SHAPING SLAG; SHAPING MIXTURES CONTAINING CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
- B28B3/00—Producing shaped articles from the material by using presses; Presses specially adapted therefor
- B28B3/02—Producing shaped articles from the material by using presses; Presses specially adapted therefor wherein a ram exerts pressure on the material in a moulding space; Ram heads of special form
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B28—WORKING CEMENT, CLAY, OR STONE
- B28C—PREPARING CLAY; PRODUCING MIXTURES CONTAINING CLAY OR CEMENTITIOUS MATERIAL, e.g. PLASTER
- B28C3/00—Apparatus or methods for mixing clay with other substances
Abstract
The invention discloses a method for manufacturing a self-supply slow-release nutrient flowerpot by using sludge, which comprises the following specific steps: sludge treatment: firstly, performing conventional dehydration on sludge by adopting a filter press and a centrifugal machine to remove external water of the sludge; feeding the sludge subjected to conventional dehydration into a drum-type heater through a screw conveyor to remove internal crystal water in the sludge, wherein the heating mode adopts heating treatment such as gas, electricity, microwave and the like to form blocky dried sludge; crushing the treated dried sludge by a crusher for later use; adding the dried sludge, vinyl acetate-ethylene copolymer emulsion, a clay stabilizer, bentonite and phosphorus stone bone into a stirrer and stirring uniformly; adding the uniformly mixed raw materials into organic glue or inorganic glue, and pouring the mixture into the stirrer again to be uniformly stirred; pouring the raw materials added with the glue into a mould, and pressing the mould to form the product. The flowerpot prepared by the invention effectively avoids the pollution of sludge to the environment, realizes the utilization of waste, is rich in nutrition and is suitable for wide popularization.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of nutrient flowerpot manufacturing, in particular to a method for manufacturing a self-supply slow-release nutrient flowerpot by utilizing sludge.
Background
Sludge, especially sludge of sewage treatment plants, lakes and rivers, is an extremely complex heterogeneous body composed of organic debris, bacterial cells, inorganic particles, colloids and the like.
The main characteristics of the sludge are high water content which can reach more than 90 percent, high organic matter content, easy decomposition and stink generation, fine particles, small specific gravity and colloidal liquid state. It is a thick matter between liquid and solid, and can be transported by pump, but it is difficult to separate solid from liquid by sedimentation, and most of them contain heavy metals.
The most core problem of sludge treatment is to dehydrate sludge due to high water content of the sludge, but water in the sludge mainly consists of internal crystal water and external water, the external water can be removed only by conventional gravity concentration, steam floatation concentration and centrifugal concentration dehydration, and the internal crystal water can be removed only by heating and wall breaking.
At present, most sludge treatment plants stack or bury the treated sludge at will only remove the external water of the sludge, so that the sludge is reduced into slurry after meeting water, and the slurry returns to the original place along with the continuous flow of water into rivers and lakes. Due to the complexity of the components of the sludge, secondary pollution damage problems such as food safety (excessive heavy metal content caused by the fact that the sludge flows into crop lands), water source water quality pollution, air pollution (foul sewage), soil property change and the like can be caused in many times, so that the sludge problem is not solved fundamentally, and the damage degree of the sludge is increased.
The reasons for this phenomenon are mainly: firstly, the sludge treatment technology has no breakthrough-only the conventional method for removing the external water; the sludge has no economic utilization value or too low value and higher treatment cost, so the sludge problem is always the dirty and alive life which people do not want to touch; secondly, the application range of the treated product of the sludge is narrow, the treated product is generally only used as an organic fertilizer filler and a ceramsite production filler, and the reutilization degree of wastes is low.
Therefore, how to realize waste recycling, effectively improve environmental protection and avoid environmental pollution becomes one of the key directions of current sludge treatment.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the defects in the prior art, and provides a method for manufacturing a self-supply slow-release nutrient flowerpot by using sludge, so as to solve the defects that the existing sludge pollutes the environment and waste utilization cannot be realized.
The invention mainly comprises the steps of carrying out conventional treatment on sludge, then carrying out heating and wall breaking treatment, removing internal crystal water of the sludge, enabling the water content of the sludge to reach 30%, adding a formula in a certain proportion, and preparing the flowerpot which is provided with nutrients and can automatically release the nutrients.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the invention discloses a method for manufacturing a self-supply slow-release nutrient flowerpot by using sludge, which comprises the following specific steps:
step 1, sludge treatment:
1.1, performing conventional dehydration on sludge by adopting a filter press and a centrifuge;
1.2, inputting the sludge after conventional dehydration into a heating machine through a screw, and heating for 12 minutes in a gas, electric and microwave heating mode at the temperature of 200-;
the sludge has low water content and good drainability, and can not form slurry for the second time.
1.3, crushing the treated dried sludge by a crusher for later use;
temperature 200 degrees: the water content is 36-38%, a large amount of microorganisms and organic matters are left,
the temperature is 400 degrees: the water content is 30-32%, the microorganism is killed,
the temperature of the nutrient flowerpot is adjusted according to the requirements of plants planted, namely, the heating temperature and the adjustment of the components of the sludge are specifically determined according to the difference of the plants in the flowerpot, the difference of the plants which need microorganisms and the difference of the placement environment of the flowerpot.
Step 2, mixing raw materials:
adding the dried sludge, vinyl acetate-ethylene copolymer emulsion, a clay stabilizer, bentonite and phosphorus stone bone into a stirrer and stirring uniformly;
step 3, preparing the flowerpot:
adding the raw materials uniformly mixed in the step 2 into organic glue or inorganic glue, and pouring the mixture into the stirrer again to be uniformly stirred;
pouring the raw materials added with the glue into a mould, and pressing the mould to form the product.
The difference between organic and inorganic glues:
organic glue: good waterproof performance, can be used as an ornamental flowerpot and can be placed in a road central isolation zone, a meeting place and other places, and the fertilizer efficiency can be released for 3 to 5 years.
Inorganic glue: can be planted in a pot, and the nutrient can be naturally degraded after being fully released.
Preferably, in step 1.1, the water content of the sludge after conventional dewatering is between 65% and 70%.
Preferably, the water content of the block-shaped dried sludge prepared in the step 1.2 is 30-38%.
Preferably, in the step 2, the ratio of each component is as follows according to mass percent: 80% of dried sludge, 5% -7% of vinyl acetate-ethylene copolymer emulsion, 0.2% -1% of clay stabilizer, 2% of bentonite and 10% of phosphate rock bone.
Preferably, VAE707 is used as the vinyl acetate-ethylene copolymer emulsion, and HJZ-100 is used as the clay stabilizer.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. by adopting the method for manufacturing the nutrient flowerpot by utilizing the sludge, the core is to solve the problem of sludge direction, effectively avoid the pollution of the sludge to the environment and realize the utilization of waste;
2. the flowerpot made by the invention fully utilizes the self nutrient content of the waste, is beneficial to the healthy growth of plants such as flowers and plants, can be used as a flowerpot with nutrients, only needs to be watered after the plants are planted, does not need to be fertilized, can be used as artificial humus soil (organic soil) and can be used as a soil conditioner;
3. the flowerpot prepared by the invention has low cost of raw materials, so that the price of the finished flowerpot is low, is only 1/3 of market price, and is beneficial to wide popularization and application;
4. compared with the prior flowerpot, the flowerpot has the advantages of less environmental damage, less energy consumption and no subsequent pollution problem.
Detailed Description
The embodiment of the method for manufacturing a self-sustained/released nutrient flowerpot using sludge according to the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the following examples.
Example 1
The invention discloses a method for manufacturing a self-supply slow-release nutrient flowerpot by using sludge, which comprises the following specific steps:
step 1, sludge treatment:
1.1, performing conventional dehydration on sludge by adopting a filter press and a centrifuge;
1.2, inputting the sludge subjected to conventional dehydration into a heating machine through a screw, and heating for 12 minutes at 200 ℃ in a gas, electric and microwave heating mode to break the wall of the sludge and remove internal crystal water to form blocky dried sludge;
the sludge has low water content and good drainability, and can not form slurry for the second time.
1.3, crushing the treated dried sludge by a crusher for later use;
temperature 200 degrees: the water content is 36 percent, a large amount of microorganisms and organic matters are left,
the temperature of the nutrient flowerpot is adjusted according to the requirements of plants planted, namely, the heating temperature of sludge is specifically determined according to the difference of plants in the flowerpot, the need of microorganisms in some plants and the difference of the arrangement environment of the flowerpot.
Step 2, mixing raw materials:
adding the dried sludge, vinyl acetate-ethylene copolymer emulsion, a clay stabilizer, bentonite and phosphorus stone bone into a stirrer and stirring uniformly;
step 3, preparing the flowerpot:
adding the raw materials uniformly mixed in the step (2) into the organic glue, and pouring the mixture into the stirrer again to be uniformly stirred;
pouring the raw materials added with the glue into a mould, and pressing the mould to form the product.
Organic glue: good waterproof performance, can be used as an ornamental flowerpot and can be placed in a road central isolation zone, a meeting place and other places, and the fertilizer efficiency can be released for 3 to 5 years.
In step 1.1, after conventional dewatering, the water content of the sludge is 70%.
In the step 2, the components are in the following proportions by mass percent: 80% of dried sludge, 7% of vinyl acetate-ethylene copolymer emulsion, 1% of clay stabilizer, 2% of bentonite and 10% of phosphate rock bone.
The vinyl acetate-ethylene copolymer emulsion adopts VAE707, and the clay stabilizer adopts HJZ-100.
Example 2
The invention discloses a method for manufacturing a self-supply slow-release nutrient flowerpot by using sludge, which comprises the following specific steps:
step 1, sludge treatment:
1.1, performing conventional dehydration on sludge by adopting a filter press and a centrifuge;
1.2, inputting the sludge subjected to conventional dehydration into a heating machine through a screw, and heating for 12 minutes at 400 ℃ in a gas, electric and microwave heating mode to break the wall of the sludge and remove internal crystal water to form blocky dried sludge;
the sludge has low water content and good drainability, and can not form slurry for the second time.
1.3, crushing the treated dried sludge by a crusher for later use;
the temperature is 400 degrees: the water content is 30-32%, the microorganism is killed,
the temperature of the nutrient flowerpot is adjusted according to the requirements of plants planted, namely, the heating temperature of sludge is specifically determined according to the difference of plants in the flowerpot, the need of microorganisms in some plants and the difference of the arrangement environment of the flowerpot.
Step 2, mixing raw materials:
adding the dried sludge, vinyl acetate-ethylene copolymer emulsion, a clay stabilizer, bentonite and phosphorus stone bone into a stirrer and stirring uniformly;
step 3, preparing the flowerpot:
adding the raw materials uniformly mixed in the step 2 into inorganic glue, and pouring the mixture into the stirrer again to be uniformly stirred;
pouring the raw materials added with the glue into a mould, and pressing the mould to form the product.
Inorganic glue: can be planted in a pot, and the nutrient can be naturally degraded after being fully released.
In step 1.1, after conventional dewatering, the water content of the sludge is 66%.
In the step 2, the components are in the following proportions by mass percent: 80% of dried sludge, 7% of vinyl acetate-ethylene copolymer emulsion, 1% of clay stabilizer, 2% of bentonite and 10% of phosphate rock bone.
The vinyl acetate-ethylene copolymer emulsion adopts VAE707, and the clay stabilizer adopts HJZ-100.
Example 3
The invention discloses a method for manufacturing a self-supply slow-release nutrient flowerpot by using sludge, which comprises the following specific steps:
step 1, sludge treatment:
1.1, performing conventional dehydration on sludge by adopting a filter press and a centrifuge;
1.2, inputting the sludge subjected to conventional dehydration into a heating machine through a screw, and heating for 12 minutes at 200 ℃ in a gas, electric and microwave heating mode to break the wall of the sludge and remove internal crystal water to form blocky dried sludge;
the sludge has low water content and good drainability, and can not form slurry for the second time.
1.3, crushing the treated dried sludge by a crusher for later use;
temperature 200 degrees: the water content is 36 percent, a large amount of microorganisms and organic matters are left,
the temperature of the nutrient flowerpot is adjusted according to the requirements of plants planted, namely, the heating temperature of sludge is specifically determined according to the difference of plants in the flowerpot, the need of microorganisms in some plants and the difference of the arrangement environment of the flowerpot.
Step 2, mixing raw materials:
adding the dried sludge, vinyl acetate-ethylene copolymer emulsion, a clay stabilizer, bentonite and phosphorus stone bone into a stirrer and stirring uniformly;
step 3, preparing the flowerpot:
adding the raw materials uniformly mixed in the step (2) into the organic glue, and pouring the mixture into the stirrer again to be uniformly stirred;
pouring the raw materials added with the glue into a mould, and pressing the mould to form the product.
The difference between organic and inorganic glues:
organic glue: good waterproof performance, can be used as an ornamental flowerpot and can be placed in a road central isolation zone, a meeting place and other places, and the fertilizer efficiency can be released for 5 years.
Inorganic glue: can be planted in a pot, and the nutrient can be naturally degraded after being fully released.
In step 1.1, the water content of the sludge after conventional dewatering is 67.5%.
In the step 2, the components are in the following proportions by mass percent: 80% of dried sludge, 7% of vinyl acetate-ethylene copolymer emulsion, 1% of clay stabilizer, 2% of bentonite and 10% of phosphate rock bone.
The vinyl acetate-ethylene copolymer emulsion adopts VAE707, and the clay stabilizer adopts HJZ-100.
Composition and technical parameters
The following are the following tests on the nutrient content of the raw materials when the raw materials are mixed in the step 2 of the examples 1 to 3, and the test results are as follows:
the ratio of V/P/K in the prepared soil is 16:16: 16;
organic matter is more than or equal to 45 percent;
the total nutrient is more than or equal to 10 percent;
the technical parameters are as follows:
the number of effective viable bacteria is more than or equal to 5 hundred million/g;
the biochar is more than or equal to 20 percent;
organic matter is more than or equal to 45 percent;
fulvic acid > 10%;
PH=5.5-8.5。
in conclusion, the flowerpot prepared by the invention is rich in nutrition and is suitable for popularization and use due to the components and the performance parameters.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims (5)
1. A method for manufacturing a self-supply slow-release nutrient flowerpot by utilizing sludge is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following specific steps:
step 1, sludge treatment:
1.1, performing conventional dehydration on sludge by adopting a filter press and a centrifuge;
1.2, inputting the sludge after conventional dehydration into a heating machine through a screw, and heating for 12 minutes in a gas, electric and microwave heating mode at the temperature of 200-;
1.3, crushing the treated dried sludge by a crusher for later use;
step 2, mixing raw materials:
adding the dried sludge, vinyl acetate-ethylene copolymer emulsion, a clay stabilizer, bentonite and phosphorus stone bone into a stirrer and stirring uniformly;
step 3, preparing the flowerpot:
3.1, adding the raw materials uniformly mixed in the step 2 into organic glue or inorganic glue, and pouring the mixture into the stirrer again to be uniformly stirred;
3.2, pouring the raw materials added with the glue into a mould, and pressing the mould to form the shape.
2. The method for manufacturing a self-sustained-release nutrient flowerpot according to claim 1, which comprises the following steps: in step 1.1, after conventional dewatering, the water content of the sludge is 65-70%.
3. The method for manufacturing a self-sustained-release nutrient flowerpot according to claim 1, which comprises the following steps: the water content of the blocky dried sludge prepared in the step 1.2 is 30-38%.
4. The method for manufacturing a self-sustained-release nutrient flowerpot according to claim 1, which comprises the following steps: in the step 2, the components are in the following proportions by mass percent: 80% of dried sludge, 5% -7% of vinyl acetate-ethylene copolymer emulsion, 0.2% -1% of clay stabilizer, 2% of bentonite and 10% of phosphate rock bone.
5. The method for manufacturing a self-sustained-release nutrient flowerpot according to claim 1 or 4, which comprises the following steps: the vinyl acetate-ethylene copolymer emulsion adopts VAE707, and the clay stabilizer adopts HJZ-100.
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