CN114080087A

CN114080087A - Plasma generation system and drilling method

Info

Publication number: CN114080087A
Application number: CN202010837593.2A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 高锐; 陈培培; 方易剑
Original assignee: ENN Science and Technology Development Co Ltd
Current assignee: ENN Science and Technology Development Co Ltd
Priority date: 2020-08-19
Filing date: 2020-08-19
Publication date: 2022-02-22
Anticipated expiration: 2040-08-19

Abstract

The invention provides a plasma generating system and a drilling method. The plasma generating system includes: a plasma generator and a rock discharging mechanism; wherein the plasma generator is used for breaking rock; the rock discharging mechanism is arranged on the plasma generator and used for discharging rock debris generated after the rock is crushed. In the invention, the plasma arc is generated by the plasma generator and acts on the rock at the bottom of the well to crush the rock, so that well drilling is realized, mechanical well drilling in the prior art is not needed, a drill bit does not need to be replaced, the well drilling efficiency is greatly improved, the well drilling period is shortened, and the rock debris after the rock is crushed is removed by the rock removal mechanism, so that the bottom of the well is effectively prevented from being blocked by the rock debris, the well drilling is ensured to be carried out smoothly, and the well drilling efficiency is further improved.

Description

Plasma generation system and drilling method

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of well drilling, in particular to a plasma generating system and a method for drilling a well by using the same.

Background

In the drilling industry, mechanical drilling is often employed. However, the abrasion of the drill bit in mechanical drilling is fast, frequent drill bit lifting and changing are needed, and the whole drill bit lifting process is long, so that the drilling efficiency is low, and the labor is also consumed.

Disclosure of Invention

In view of this, the invention provides a plasma generation system, and aims to solve the problem that mechanical drilling in the prior art is easy to cause low drilling efficiency. The invention also provides a method for drilling by using the plasma generation system.

In one aspect, the present invention provides a plasma generation system, comprising: a plasma generator and a rock discharging mechanism; wherein the plasma generator is used for breaking rock; the rock discharging mechanism is arranged on the plasma generator and used for discharging rock debris generated after the rock is crushed.

Further, in the plasma generation system, the plasma generator includes: a cathode mechanism and an anode mechanism; wherein, positive pole mechanism includes: a housing and an anode; the first part of the shell is sleeved outside the cathode mechanism, the second part of the shell is sleeved outside the anode, and the anode and the cathode mechanism are arranged oppositely; the rock discharge mechanism includes: at least one exhaust gas conveying channel for conveying exhaust gas; wherein, each rock discharge gas conveying channel all runs through the casing along the length direction of casing to make the rock discharge gas carry to the shaft bottom, and then drive the detritus and move to the well outside.

Further, in the plasma generating system, the first end of the anode is arranged opposite to the cathode mechanism, and the position of the anode close to the second end is expanded outwards to form a bell mouth shape.

Further, in the plasma generating system, the second end of the anode is connected with the shell; a gas cavity is arranged in the anode close to the second end, at least one input port communicated with the gas cavity is formed in the wall surface of the second end of the anode facing the cathode mechanism, and the input ports are in one-to-one correspondence and communicated with the rock gas discharge conveying channels so as to convey the rock gas discharge into the gas cavity; and the wall surface of the second end of the anode facing to the well bottom is provided with a plurality of exhaust holes communicated with the gas cavity so as to convey the rock-discharging gas to the well bottom.

Further, in the plasma generating system, the anode mechanism further includes: an anode cooling mechanism; wherein, the anode cooling mechanism is arranged on the shell and used for cooling the anode.

Further, in the plasma generation system, the anode cooling mechanism includes: an input channel and an output channel both arranged on the shell; wherein, a gap is arranged between the anode and the inner wall of the shell to form a cooling cavity; the input channel and the output channel both extend from the first part to the second part of the shell and are communicated with the cooling cavity, the input channel is used for conveying anode cooling water into the cooling cavity, and the output channel is used for outputting the anode cooling water.

Further, in the plasma generation system, the cathode mechanism includes: a cathode, a cathode cooling mechanism and an insulating member; the cathode is arranged at the end part of the cathode cooling mechanism and corresponds to the anode; the insulating member is disposed outside the cathode cooling mechanism.

Further, in the plasma generation system, the cathode cooling mechanism includes: the inner pipe with two open ends and the outer pipe with two closed ends; the outer wall of the first end of the outer tube is connected with the cathode, and the second end of the outer tube is a free end; the inner pipe penetrates through the end wall of the second end of the outer pipe, part of the inner pipe is arranged in the outer pipe, a preset distance is reserved between the end part of the inner pipe arranged in the outer pipe and the first end of the outer pipe, an annular space is formed by a gap between the inner pipe and the outer pipe, and a water outlet is formed in the pipe wall of the outer pipe; the inner pipe is used for inputting cathode cooling water, and the output port is used for outputting the cathode cooling water.

Further, in the plasma generation system, the plasma generator further includes: a working medium gas input mechanism; the anode is provided with a discharge channel which penetrates through the anode along the length direction of the anode, and the discharge channel corresponds to the cathode mechanism; the working medium gas conveying mechanism is clamped between the cathode mechanism and the first part of the shell and is used for conveying working medium gas into the discharge channel so as to enable the cathode mechanism and the anode mechanism to generate electric arcs after being electrified; the discharge channel is used to convey the electric arc to the bottom of the well to break the rock at the bottom of the well.

In the invention, the plasma arc is generated by the plasma generator and acts on the rock at the bottom of the well to crush the rock, so that well drilling is realized, mechanical well drilling in the prior art is not needed, and the drill bit lifting and changing are not needed, so that the well drilling efficiency is greatly improved, the well drilling period is shortened, the problem that the well drilling efficiency is low easily caused by mechanical well drilling in the prior art is solved, and the rock debris after the rock crushing is removed by the rock removing mechanism, so that the bottom of the well is effectively prevented from being blocked by the rock debris, the well drilling is ensured to be carried out smoothly, and further the well drilling efficiency is improved.

In another aspect, the present invention also provides a method of drilling a well using a plasma generation system, the method comprising the steps of: a placing step, placing the plasma generating system at the bottom of the well; a drilling step, namely delivering working medium gas to the discharge channel, and electrifying the anode mechanism and the cathode mechanism to generate plasma electric arcs, wherein the plasma electric arcs act on rocks at the bottom of the well; a rock discharging step of outputting rock debris generated by rock crushing

Further, in the drilling method, in the rock discharging step, rock discharging gas is conveyed to the bottom of the well, blows rock debris and drives the rock debris to move out of the well.

In the invention, the cathode mechanism and the anode mechanism generate plasma arcs after being electrified and under the action of the working medium gas, the plasma arcs act on the rock at the shaft bottom to crush the rock, the well drilling is realized, the well drilling efficiency is greatly improved, and the rock debris after the rock is crushed is removed, so that the rock debris is effectively prevented from blocking the shaft bottom, the well drilling is ensured to be smoothly carried out, and the well drilling efficiency is further improved.

Drawings

Various other advantages and benefits will become apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art upon reading the following detailed description of the preferred embodiments. The drawings are only for purposes of illustrating the preferred embodiments and are not to be construed as limiting the invention. Also, like reference numerals are used to refer to like parts throughout the drawings. In the drawings:

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a plasma generation system according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a rock discharging mechanism in the plasma generating system according to the embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram illustrating the circulation of anode cooling water and cathode cooling water in the plasma generating system according to the embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 4 is a flow chart of a drilling method provided by an embodiment of the invention.

Detailed Description

Exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure will be described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. While exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure are shown in the drawings, it should be understood that the present disclosure may be embodied in various forms and should not be limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the scope of the disclosure to those skilled in the art. It should be noted that the embodiments and features of the embodiments may be combined with each other without conflict. The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the embodiments with reference to the attached drawings.

Plasma generation system embodiment:

referring to fig. 1, fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a plasma generation system according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown, the plasma generation system is placed downhole to drill a well. The plasma generating system includes: a plasma generator and a rock discharging mechanism. The plasma generator is used for crushing rocks, specifically, the plasma generator generates plasma arcs, the plasma arcs act on the surface of rocks at the bottom of a well, and the rocks at the bottom of the well are crushed through high-temperature ablation, so that well drilling is realized.

As the electric arc continuously acts on the rocks at the bottom of the well, the rock debris generated by the rocks is excessive to block the bottom of the well, and further the well drilling is influenced. In order to avoid blocking of rock debris, a rock discharging mechanism is arranged and arranged on the plasma generator, and the rock debris generated after rock breaking is discharged by the rock discharging mechanism.

Preferably, the rock discharging mechanism is used for conveying rock discharging gas to the shaft bottom, the rock debris is blown by the rock discharging gas, and the rock debris is driven by the rock discharging gas to move out of the well, so that the rock debris can be efficiently discharged, and the phenomenon that the shaft bottom is blocked by the rock debris to further influence drilling is avoided.

It can be seen that in the embodiment, the plasma arc is generated by the plasma generator and acts on the rock at the bottom of the well to crush the rock, so that well drilling is realized, mechanical well drilling in the prior art is not needed, drill lifting and bit changing are not needed, the well drilling efficiency is greatly improved, the well drilling period is shortened, the problem that mechanical well drilling in the prior art is low in well drilling efficiency easily is solved, rock debris generated after the rock is crushed is removed by the rock removing mechanism, the bottom of the well is effectively prevented from being blocked by the rock debris, smooth well drilling is ensured, and further the well drilling efficiency is improved.

Referring to fig. 1 to 3, in the above embodiment, the plasma generator includes: the device comprises a cathode mechanism 1, an anode mechanism 2 and a working medium gas input mechanism 3. Wherein, the cathode mechanism 1 and the anode mechanism 2 are oppositely arranged and connected. The anode mechanism 2 is provided with a discharge channel 4, the discharge channel 4 penetrates through the anode mechanism 2, one end (left end shown in fig. 1) of the discharge channel 4 corresponds to the cathode mechanism 1, and the other end (right end shown in fig. 1) of the discharge channel 4 faces to the bottom of the well.

The working medium gas input mechanism 3 is used for conveying the working medium gas into the discharge channel 4, so that the cathode mechanism 1 and the anode mechanism 2 are electrified and generate plasma arc in the discharge channel 4 under the action of the working medium gas. The discharge channel 4 is used to convey the electric arc to the bottom of the well to break the rock at the bottom of the well.

The anode mechanism 2 may include: a housing 21 and an anode 22. Wherein, a first portion (a portion on the left in fig. 1) of the casing 21 is sleeved outside the cathode mechanism 1, and a second portion (a portion on the right in fig. 1) of the casing 21 is sleeved outside the anode 22. Specifically, both ends of the housing 21 are open ends, and the housing 21 may be integrally formed and may also include: a first division body and a second division body which are detachably connected, the first division body corresponds to the first part of the shell 21, and the cathode mechanism 1 is arranged in the first division body. The second section corresponds to the second portion of the case 21, and the anode 22 is disposed inside the second section. The structure of the housing 21 may be determined according to actual conditions, and the present embodiment does not limit this.

The anode 22 is disposed opposite to the cathode mechanism 1, specifically, the anode 22 is long, a longitudinal direction (a left-to-right direction shown in fig. 1) of the anode 22 coincides with a longitudinal direction (a left-to-right direction shown in fig. 1) of the housing 21, a first end (a left end shown in fig. 1) of the anode 22 is disposed close to the cathode mechanism 1 and opposite to the cathode mechanism 1, and a second end (a right end shown in fig. 2) of the anode 22 is disposed toward a bottom of the well. The discharge channel 4 penetrates through the anode 22 along the length direction of the anode 22, so that the cathode mechanism 1 is communicated with the bottom of the well through the discharge channel 4, and the plasma arc can be conveyed to the bottom of the well after being generated.

Preferably, the anode 22 flares outwardly near the second end to form a flare. After the electric arc is output from the second end of the anode 22, the bell-mouth-shaped structure can ensure that the electric arc can better act on rocks at the bottom of the well, the plasma electric arc is expanded, and the rock crushing efficiency is improved.

Referring to fig. 1, working medium gas feed 3 is interposed between cathode means 1 and the first part of housing 21. Specifically, the working medium gas input mechanism 3 may be an annular body, the body is sleeved outside the cathode mechanism 1, and the first portion of the casing 21 is sleeved outside the body. The inside of body is provided with gas transmission channel, and gas transmission channel is linked together with discharge channel 4, and gas transmission channel is used for carrying working medium gas in discharge channel 4.

Referring to fig. 1 and 2, the rock racking mechanism may include: at least one exhaust gas transport channel 5. Wherein each discharging rock gas conveying channel 5 is used for conveying discharging rock gas to the bottom of the well. In specific implementation, the number of the exhaust gas conveying passages 5 may be determined according to actual conditions, and the present embodiment does not limit this. In the present embodiment, the exhaust gas conveyance passages 5 are two.

Each rock discharge gas conveying channel 5 penetrates through the shell 21 along the length direction of the shell 21 so that the rock discharge gas is conveyed to the bottom of the well, and then rock debris is driven to move out of the well. The arrows in fig. 2 indicate the flow direction of the exhaust gas. Specifically, the casing 21 has a predetermined wall thickness, and each of the exhaust gas conveying passages 5 is disposed at the wall thickness of the casing 21, that is, the exhaust gas conveying passages 5 are opened from an end wall at one end of the casing 21 and extend along the length direction of the casing 21 to an end wall at the other end of the casing 21. In specific implementation, the preset wall thickness may be determined according to actual conditions, and this embodiment does not limit this.

Preferably, when there are at least two of the exhaust gas transportation channels 5, the exhaust gas transportation channels 5 are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of the casing 21.

It can be seen that in the embodiment, the anode 22 is arranged opposite to the cathode mechanism 1, and the rock discharge gas conveying channel 5 can convey the rock discharge gas to the well bottom, so that the stable conveying of the rock discharge gas is ensured, the plugging of the well bottom is avoided, and the drilling efficiency is improved.

Referring to fig. 1 and 2, in each of the above embodiments, the second end of the anode 22 is connected to the housing 21, specifically, the second end of the anode 22 does not extend out of the housing 21 but is completely disposed inside the housing 21, and the second end of the anode 22 is connected to the inner wall of the housing 21.

The interior of the anode 22 near the second end is provided with a gas cavity, and specifically, the anode 22 near the second end has a preset wall thickness, which can be determined according to practical situations, and the embodiment does not limit this. The gas cavity is arranged inside the anode wall thickness position. The thickness of the end of the casing 21 near the well bottom is smaller than the wall thickness of the rest of the casing 21 and the inner wall of the casing 21 is in a smooth transition with inclination, and since the anode 22 is in a bell mouth shape near the second end, i.e. the anode 22 is also arranged in an inclined manner near the second end, the anode 22 will contact with the inner wall of the casing 21 near the second end. The wall surface of the second end of the anode 22 facing the cathode mechanism 1 is opened with at least one input port, specifically, each input port is opened at the position close to the second end of the anode 22 and is a contact position with the shell 21. The number of the input ports is the same as that of the rock gas discharging conveying channels 5, each input port corresponds to and is communicated with each rock gas discharging conveying channel 5 one by one, each input port is communicated with the gas cavity, and then the rock gas discharged from the rock gas discharging conveying channels 5 is conveyed into the gas cavity through the input ports.

The wall surface of the second end of the anode 22 facing the well bottom is provided with a plurality of exhaust holes 221, each exhaust hole 221 is communicated with the gas cavity, and the rock-discharging gas in the gas cavity is conveyed to the well bottom through each exhaust hole 221. Preferably, the exhaust holes 221 are uniformly distributed along the bell-mouth-shaped wall surface of the anode 22.

In this embodiment, the exhaust gas in the exhaust gas conveying channel 5 is conveyed to the gas cavity at the second end of the anode, and then conveyed to the bottom of the well through the exhaust holes 221 at the second end of the anode 22, so that the exhaust gas can dispersedly act on the bottom of the well, the concentration of the exhaust gas is avoided, the action surface of the exhaust gas on the bottom of the well is enlarged, and the drilling efficiency is improved.

Referring to fig. 1 and 3, in each of the above embodiments, the anode mechanism 2 may further include: an anode cooling mechanism. The anode cooling mechanism is disposed in the housing 21, and is configured to cool the anode 22. Preferably, the anode cooling mechanism cools the anode 22 by anode cooling water.

Referring to fig. 3, the anode cooling mechanism may include: an input channel 6 and an output channel 7. Wherein the input channel 6 and the output channel 7 are both arranged in the housing 21, in particular, the input channel 6 and the output channel 7 are both arranged at the wall thickness of the housing 21. The inlet channel 6 and the outlet channel 7 each extend from a first part of the housing 21 to a second part, the inlet channel 6 extending to the end of the second part of the housing 21, and the outlet channel 7 extending into the second part of the housing 21 but close to the first part.

The anode 22 and the inner wall of the shell 21 have a gap to form a cooling cavity 8, the input channel 6 and the output channel 7 are both communicated with the cooling cavity 8, the input channel 6 is used for conveying anode cooling water into the cooling cavity 8, and the output channel 7 is used for outputting the anode cooling water. Specifically, the second part of the housing 21 is provided with a water inlet and a water outlet at the position corresponding to the cooling cavity 8, the water inlet and the water outlet are both communicated with the cooling cavity 8, the water inlet is communicated with the input channel 6, the water outlet is communicated with the output channel 7, then the anode cooling water is conveyed into the cooling cavity 8 through the input channel 6, the anode cooling water exchanges heat with the anode 22 to cool the anode 22 through heat exchange, and the cooling water after heat exchange and temperature rise is output to the housing 21 through the output channel 7.

In specific implementation, the water inlet is disposed near the second end of the anode 22, and the water outlet is disposed near the cathode mechanism 1.

Referring to fig. 1 to 3, the cathode mechanism 1 may include: a cathode 11, a cathode cooling mechanism 12 and an insulator 13. Wherein, the cathode 11 is arranged at the end of the cathode cooling mechanism 12, the cathode 11 corresponds to the anode 22, the cathode 11 corresponds to the discharge channel 4, and the cathode 11 and the anode 22 generate plasma arc after being electrified and under the action of the working medium gas. In particular, the cathode 11 has a high ability to overflow electrons and emit electrons to the anode 22 to form a stable arc.

The insulating member 13 is disposed outside the cathode cooling mechanism 12, specifically, the insulating member 13 is sandwiched between the cathode cooling mechanism 12 and the working medium gas conveying mechanism, more specifically, the insulating member 13 is annular, the insulating member 13 is sleeved outside the cathode cooling mechanism 12, and the body of the working medium gas input mechanism 3 is sleeved outside the insulating member 13.

Preferably, the cathode cooling mechanism 12 cools the cathode 11 by cathode cooling water. Specifically, referring to fig. 2 and 3, the cathode cooling mechanism 12 may include: an inner tube 121 and an outer tube 122. Both ends of the inner tube 121 are open ends, and both ends of the outer tube 122 are closed ends. The outer wall of the first end (right end in fig. 3) of the outer tube 121 is connected to the cathode 11, and the second end (left end in fig. 3) of the outer tube 122 is a free end. The inner tube 121 is disposed through an end wall of the second end of the outer tube 122, and the inner tube 121 is disposed partially inside the outer tube 122 and partially outside the outer tube 122. The end of the inner tube 121 disposed inside the outer tube 122 has a predetermined distance from the first end of the outer tube, and a gap is formed between the inner tube 121 and the outer tube 122 to form an annular space. An output port is formed in the wall of the outer pipe 122, cathode cooling water is input into the inner pipe 121, the cathode cooling water performs heat exchange and temperature reduction on the cathode 11, and the cathode cooling water after heat exchange and temperature rise flows to the gap between the inner pipe 121 and the outer pipe 122 and is finally output through the output port.

Specifically, the cathode 11 is connected to the outer tube 122 through a cathode holder.

In conclusion, in the embodiment, the plasma arc is generated by the plasma generator and acts on the rock at the bottom of the well to crush the rock, so that the well drilling is realized, the mechanical well drilling in the prior art is not needed, the drill lifting and the drill bit changing are not needed, the well drilling efficiency is greatly improved, the well drilling period is shortened, the rock debris after the rock is crushed is removed by the rock removing mechanism, the bottom of the well is effectively prevented from being blocked by the rock debris, the well drilling is ensured to be carried out smoothly, and the well drilling efficiency is further improved.

The drilling method embodiment:

the embodiment also provides a method for drilling a well by using the plasma generation system, and referring to fig. 4, fig. 4 is a flow chart of the drilling method provided by the embodiment of the invention. As shown, the drilling method comprises the following steps:

the plasma generation system is placed downhole, step S1.

Specifically, the discharge channel 4 in the plasma generation system faces toward the bottom of the well, wherein the specific implementation process of the plasma generation system is described in the above description, and the detailed description of the embodiment is omitted here.

And a drilling step S2, delivering working medium gas to the discharge channel, and electrifying the anode mechanism and the cathode mechanism to generate plasma arcs, wherein the plasma arcs act on rocks at the bottom of the well.

Specifically, in the discharge channel 4, the cathode mechanism 1 and the anode mechanism 2 generate plasma arc after being electrified and under the action of the working medium gas, and the plasma arc is transmitted through the discharge channel 4 and reaches the bottom of the well.

And a rock discharging step S3, wherein rock debris generated by rock breaking is output.

Specifically, the electric arc output by the discharge channel 4 acts on the surface of the rock at the bottom of the well, and the rock at the bottom of the well is broken through high-temperature ablation, so that the well drilling is realized.

Preferably, the rock discharging gas is conveyed to the well bottom and blows rock debris, and the rock debris is driven by the rock discharging gas to move out of the well, so that the rock debris is prevented from blocking the well bottom and further affecting drilling.

It can be seen that in the embodiment, after the cathode mechanism and the anode mechanism are electrified and the electric arc is generated under the action of the working medium gas, the electric arc acts on the rock at the shaft bottom to crush the rock, so that the well drilling is realized, the well drilling efficiency is greatly improved, the rock debris after the rock is crushed is removed, the rock debris is effectively prevented from blocking the shaft bottom, the well drilling is ensured to be smoothly carried out, and the well drilling efficiency is further improved.

It should be noted that the plasma generation system and the method for drilling a well using the same in the present invention have the same principle, and the related points can be referred to each other.

It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications may be made in the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Thus, if such modifications and variations of the present invention fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention and their equivalents, the present invention is also intended to include such modifications and variations.

Claims

1. A plasma generation system, comprising: a plasma generator and a rock discharging mechanism; wherein the content of the first and second substances,

the plasma generator is used for breaking rock;

the rock discharging mechanism is arranged on the plasma generator and used for discharging rock debris generated after the rock is crushed.

2. The plasma generation system of claim 1,

the plasma generator includes: a cathode mechanism (1) and an anode mechanism (2); wherein the anode mechanism (2) comprises: a case (21) and an anode (22); the first part of the shell (21) is sleeved outside the cathode mechanism (1), the second part of the shell (21) is sleeved outside the anode (22), and the anode (22) is opposite to the cathode mechanism (1);

the rock discharge mechanism comprises: at least one exhaust gas conveying channel (5) for conveying exhaust gas; each rock discharge gas conveying channel (5) penetrates through the shell along the length direction of the shell (21) so that the rock discharge gas is conveyed to the bottom of the well, and then the rock debris is driven to move out of the well.

3. The plasma generating system according to claim 2, wherein a first end of the anode (22) is disposed opposite to the cathode mechanism (1), and a portion of the anode (22) near a second end is flared outwardly to be flared.

4. The plasma generation system of claim 3,

the second end of the anode (22) is connected with the shell (21);

a gas cavity is formed in the anode (22) close to the second end, at least one input port communicated with the gas cavity is formed in the wall surface of the second end of the anode (22) facing the cathode mechanism (1), and the input ports are in one-to-one correspondence with and communicated with the rock exhaust gas conveying channels (5) so as to convey the rock exhaust gas into the gas cavity; and the wall surface of the second end of the anode (22) facing the well bottom is provided with a plurality of exhaust holes (221) communicated with the gas cavity so as to convey the rock-discharging gas to the well bottom.

5. The plasma generation system according to claim 2, wherein the anode mechanism (2) further comprises: an anode cooling mechanism; the anode cooling mechanism includes: an input channel (6) and an output channel (7) both provided to the housing (21); wherein the content of the first and second substances,

a gap is arranged between the anode (22) and the inner wall of the shell (21) to form a cooling cavity (8);

the input channel (6) and the output channel (7) both extend from the first part to the second part of the shell (21) and are communicated with the cooling cavity (8), the input channel (6) is used for conveying anode cooling water into the cooling cavity (8), and the output channel (7) is used for outputting the anode cooling water.

6. Plasma generation system according to claim 2, characterized in that said cathode means (1) comprise: a cathode (11), a cathode cooling mechanism (12) and an insulator (13); wherein the content of the first and second substances,

the cathode (11) is arranged at the end part of the cathode cooling mechanism (12) and corresponds to the anode (22);

the insulating member (13) is disposed outside the cathode cooling mechanism (12).

7. The plasma generation system according to claim 6, wherein the cathode cooling mechanism (12) comprises: an inner tube (121) with both ends open and an outer tube (122) with both ends closed; wherein the content of the first and second substances,

the outer wall of the first end of the outer tube (122) is connected with the cathode (11), and the second end of the outer tube (122) is a free end;

the inner pipe (121) penetrates through the end wall of the second end of the outer pipe (122) and is partially arranged in the outer pipe (122), a preset distance is reserved between the end part of the inner pipe (121) arranged in the outer pipe and the first end of the outer pipe, an annular space is formed in a gap between the inner pipe (121) and the outer pipe (122), and an output port is formed in the pipe wall of the outer pipe (122); the inner pipe (121) is used for inputting cathode cooling water, and the output port is used for outputting the cathode cooling water.

8. The plasma generation system of claim 2, wherein the plasma generator further comprises: a working medium gas input mechanism (3);

the anode (22) is provided with a discharge channel (4) which penetrates through the anode (22) along the length direction of the anode, and the discharge channel (4) corresponds to the cathode mechanism (1);

the working medium gas conveying mechanism (3) is clamped between the cathode mechanism (1) and the first part of the shell (21) and is used for conveying working medium gas into the discharge channel (4) so as to enable the cathode mechanism (1) and the anode mechanism (2) to generate electric arcs after being electrified; the discharge channel (4) is used for conveying the electric arc to the bottom of the well so as to break the rock at the bottom of the well.

9. A method of drilling a well using the plasma generation system of any of claims 1 to 8, comprising the steps of:

a placing step, placing the plasma generating system at the bottom of the well;

a drilling step, namely delivering working medium gas to a discharge channel, and electrifying the anode mechanism and the cathode mechanism to generate a plasma arc, wherein the plasma arc acts on rocks at the bottom of the well;

and a rock discharging step, namely outputting rock debris generated by rock crushing.

10. The drilling method of claim 9, wherein, in the step of discharging rock,

and conveying the rock discharging gas to the well bottom, wherein the rock discharging gas blows the rock debris and drives the rock debris to move out of the well.