CN114079339A

CN114079339A - Oil-cooled motor and vehicle

Info

Publication number: CN114079339A
Application number: CN202010848485.5A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 邹小松; 王建新; 杨宁宁; 白云辉; 王坤城
Original assignee: BYD Co Ltd
Current assignee: BYD Co Ltd
Priority date: 2020-08-21
Filing date: 2020-08-21
Publication date: 2022-02-22

Abstract

The invention provides an oil-cooled motor and a vehicle, wherein the oil-cooled motor comprises a hollow rotating shaft, a rotor core and an end plate; the rotor iron core is fixedly connected with the hollow rotating shaft; the center of the end plate is provided with a through hole with the same diameter as the hollow rotating shaft, the end plate is sleeved on the hollow rotating shaft, and the two ends of the rotor core are provided with the end plates; an oil outlet communicated with the inner cavity is arranged along the radial direction of the hollow rotating shaft; a first oil duct is formed in the radial direction of the end plate, a second oil duct is formed in the thickness direction of the end plate, the first oil duct is communicated with the second oil duct, a preset included angle is formed between the axis of the second oil duct and the axis of the through hole, and the opening of the second oil duct is located on one side, away from the rotor core, of the end plate; the first oil duct is aligned and communicated with the oil outlet hole. According to the embodiment of the invention, the cooling oil is sprayed to the area far away from the rotor core according to the preset direction and angle, so that the probability of the cooling oil entering the air gap between the stator core and the rotor core can be reduced, and the risk of forming an oil film is reduced.

Description

Oil-cooled motor and vehicle

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the field of engine heat dissipation, and particularly relates to an oil-cooled motor and a vehicle.

Background

With the development and progress of new energy technology, new energy automobiles using motors as driving devices are more and more emphasized.

The guarantee of the heat dissipation performance of the motor is an important measure for improving the power density of the motor and the working efficiency of the motor. In the prior art, in order to dissipate heat of the motor, a double-sided cooling structural form is generally adopted, on one hand, one path of oil path is utilized to spray cooling oil to the outer side of the stator winding, and on the other hand, the other path of oil path is utilized to spray cooling oil to the inner side of the stator winding, so that the heat dissipation inside and outside the stator winding is balanced, and the working efficiency of the motor is ensured not to be reduced.

However, in practical applications, the inventor found that when the cooling oil is injected into the stator winding, the cooling oil is likely to enter the air gap between the stator and the rotor during the operation of the motor, and oil film loss is formed, resulting in a decrease in the operating efficiency of the motor.

Disclosure of Invention

In view of the above, embodiments of the present invention provide a problem that cooling oil is easy to enter an air gap between a stator and a rotor when an oil-cooled motor is cooled.

In a first aspect of the embodiments of the present invention, an oil-cooled motor is provided, where the oil-cooled motor includes a hollow rotating shaft, a rotor core, and an end plate;

the rotor iron core is fixedly connected with the hollow rotating shaft; a through hole with the same diameter as the hollow rotating shaft is formed in the center of the end plate, the end plate is sleeved on the hollow rotating shaft, and the end plates are arranged at two ends of the rotor core;

an oil outlet communicated with the inner cavity is arranged along the radial direction of the hollow rotating shaft; a first oil duct is formed in the radial direction of the end plate, a second oil duct is formed in the thickness direction of the end plate, the first oil duct is communicated with the second oil duct, a preset included angle is formed between the axis of the second oil duct and the axis of the through hole, and the opening of the second oil duct is located on one side, away from the rotor core, of the end plate;

the first oil duct is aligned and communicated with the oil outlet hole.

Optionally, the second oil passage is a variable cross-section hole;

from the side close to the rotor core to the side far away from the rotor core, the sectional area of the second oil duct is reduced.

Optionally, the first oil duct is a strip-shaped groove, and the first oil duct is arranged on the surface of the end plate close to the rotor core;

the second oil passage penetrates through both surfaces of the end plate.

Optionally, a plurality of oil outlet holes communicated with the inner cavity are uniformly formed in the radial direction of the hollow rotating shaft, the number of the first oil passages and the number of the second oil passages are the same as the number of the oil outlet holes, and each oil outlet hole is aligned and communicated with one first oil passage.

Optionally, one side of the end plate, which is far away from the rotor core, is provided with an oil blocking rib, and the oil blocking rib is arranged along the radial direction of the end plate.

Optionally, the number of the oil blocking ribs is multiple, and the oil blocking ribs are uniformly distributed around the axis of the through hole and alternately spaced with the openings of the second oil passage.

Optionally, the shape and volume of the oil blocking ribs are not identical.

Optionally, the end plate is a die-cast end plate or a high temperature resistant injection-molded end plate.

Optionally, the oil-cooled motor further comprises a motor housing, a stator winding and an axial oil spray pipe;

the stator winding is fixed in the motor shell, and the axial oil injection pipe is arranged in a gap between the stator winding and the motor shell;

and the axial oil injection pipe is provided with an oil injection hole facing the stator winding.

In a second aspect of embodiments of the present invention, there is provided a vehicle including any one of the oil-cooled motors described above.

The embodiment of the invention provides an oil cooling motor, wherein end plates are fixed at two ends of a rotor core, a first oil duct communicated with a hollow rotating shaft is formed in each end plate, a second oil duct is formed in the thickness direction of each end plate, the first oil duct is communicated with the second oil duct, a preset included angle is formed between the axis of the second oil duct and the axis of the hollow rotating shaft, and the opening of the second oil duct is positioned at one side, far away from the rotor core, of each end plate. Therefore, when the oil-cooled motor is in a working state, the cooling oil in the second oil duct is thrown out to the inner side surface of the stator winding under the action of centrifugal force, and because the axis of the second oil duct and the axis of the hollow rotating shaft form a preset included angle, the cooling oil is sprayed to an area far away from the rotor core according to a preset direction and angle, the probability that the cooling oil enters an air gap between the stator core and the rotor core can be reduced, the risk of forming an oil film is reduced, and the working efficiency of the motor can be improved.

The foregoing description is only an overview of the technical solutions of the present invention, and the embodiments of the present invention are described below in order to make the technical means of the present invention more clearly understood and to make the above and other objects, features, and advantages of the present invention more clearly understandable.

Drawings

Various other advantages and benefits will become apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art upon reading the following detailed description of the preferred embodiments. The drawings are only for purposes of illustrating the preferred embodiments and are not to be construed as limiting the invention. Also, like reference numerals are used to refer to like parts throughout the drawings. In the drawings:

fig. 1 is a schematic view of an oil-cooled electric machine according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 2 is a cross-sectional view of an end plate of an oil-cooled motor according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a high speed injection range of an oil-cooled motor according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 4 is a schematic end view of an end plate of an oil-cooled motor according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a low-speed injection range of an oil-cooled motor according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 6 is a schematic diagram illustrating a forward rotation of an end plate of an oil-cooled motor according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 7 is a schematic diagram illustrating the reverse rotation of an end plate of an oil-cooled motor according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Description of reference numerals:

the oil injection structure comprises a hollow rotating shaft-201, a rotor core-202, an end plate-203, an oil outlet-2011, a first oil duct-2031, a second oil duct-2032, an oil blocking rib-2033, a motor shell-204, a stator winding-205 and an axial oil injection pipe-206.

Detailed Description

Exemplary embodiments of the present invention will be described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. While exemplary embodiments of the invention are shown in the drawings, it should be understood that the invention can be embodied in various forms and should not be limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the scope of the invention to those skilled in the art.

As shown in fig. 1, an embodiment of the invention discloses an oil-cooled motor, which can be used in a new energy vehicle as a driving device of the vehicle. The oil-cooled motor can adopt two oil paths to respectively spray cooling oil to the inner side and the outer side of the stator winding to dissipate heat of the stator winding. It should be noted that, in the embodiment of the present invention, the inside of the stator winding refers to a side of the stator winding close to the rotation center of the motor, and the outside of the stator winding refers to a side of the stator winding away from the rotation center of the motor. In the embodiment of the present invention, in order to prevent the inside cooling oil from entering into the air gap between the stator core and the rotor core, a specially designed end plate is used at the end of the rotor core, and the end plate can spray the cooling oil to a preset area far away from the rotor core.

Referring to fig. 1, an embodiment of the present invention provides an oil-cooled motor, which includes a hollow rotating shaft 201, a rotor core 202, and an end plate 203;

the rotor core 202 is fixedly connected with the hollow rotating shaft 201; a through hole with the same diameter as the hollow rotating shaft 201 is formed in the center of the end plate 203, the end plate 203 is sleeved on the hollow rotating shaft 201, and the end plates 203 are arranged at two ends of the rotor core 202;

an oil outlet 2011 communicated with the inner cavity is arranged along the radial direction of the hollow rotating shaft 201; a first oil duct 2031 is formed in the radial direction of the end plate 203, a second oil duct 2032 is formed in the thickness direction of the end plate 203, the first oil duct 2031 is communicated with the second oil duct 2032, and a preset included angle is formed between the axis of the second oil duct 2032 and the axis of the through hole, wherein the opening of the second oil duct 2032 is located on one side of the end plate 203 far away from the rotor core 202;

the first oil passage 2031 is communicated with the oil outlet 2011 in an aligning manner.

Specifically, as shown in fig. 1, the oil-cooled motor according to the embodiment of the present invention includes a hollow rotating shaft 201, a rotor core 202, and an end plate 203. Hollow rotating shaft 201 and rotor core 202 are the constitution of rotor, and the hollow inner chamber of hollow rotating shaft 201 can regard as the oil circuit of cooling oil to supply the cooling oil circulation to, be provided with the oil outlet 2011 with the inner chamber intercommunication along hollow rotating shaft 201's radial, the cooling oil that enters into in the hollow inner chamber can flow to oil outlet 2011 under the pressure effect of pump, flows to stator core's inboard from oil outlet 2011. The rotor core 202 is clamped and fixed on the hollow rotating shaft 201 and moves synchronously with the hollow rotating shaft 201. The end plates 203 are members for guiding cooling oil to be injected in a predetermined path and direction at both ends of the rotor core 202. The end plate 203 may be a circular disk cover type part, a through hole is formed in the center of the end plate 203, the end plate 203 is sleeved on the hollow rotating shaft 201 through the through hole, and the two end plates 203 sandwich the rotor core 202 at two ends of the hollow rotating shaft 201 respectively.

As shown in fig. 2, which shows a schematic cross-sectional structure of the end plate 203, a first oil channel 2031 is formed along a radial direction of the end plate 203, and the first oil channel 2031 may be a blind hole formed in the end plate 203 or a groove formed in one surface of the end plate 203. When the end plate 203 and the hollow rotating shaft 201 are coaxially assembled together, the first oil passage 2031 is aligned and communicated with the oil outlet 2011, and the cooling oil in the hollow inner cavity can flow to the oil outlet 2011 under the pressure of the pump and then can enter the first oil passage 2031. A second oil duct 2032 is further formed in the thickness direction of the end plate 203, the first oil duct 2031 is communicated with the second oil duct 2032, a preset included angle is formed between the axis of the second oil duct 2032 and the axis of the through hole, and the opening of the second oil duct 2032 is located on one side of the end plate 203, which is far away from the rotor core 202. After the cooling oil flows into the second oil passage 2032 from the first oil passage 2031, because the axis of the second oil passage 2032 forms a predetermined angle α with the axis of the through hole, the cooling oil in the second oil passage 2032 is ejected from the opening of the second oil passage 2032 to the side away from the rotor core 202 under the action of the oil pressure. In addition, in the actual operation process of the motor, the cooling oil is usually in an atomized state after being sprayed, so that the probability that the cooling oil enters an air gap between the stator core and the rotor core can be reduced, the risk of forming an oil film is reduced, and the working efficiency of the motor can be improved. It should be noted that the preset included angle α between the axis of the second oil passage 2032 and the axis of the through hole may be 25 degrees to 30 degrees in the product of the embodiment of the present invention, and in the motor products of other specifications, the preset included angle may be adaptively adjusted according to actual performance requirements.

According to the embodiment of the invention, when the oil-cooled motor is in a working state, the cooling oil in the second oil duct is thrown out to the inner side surface of the stator winding under the action of centrifugal force, and the axis of the second oil duct and the axis of the hollow rotating shaft form the preset included angle, so that the cooling oil is sprayed to the area far away from the rotor core according to the preset direction and angle, the probability that the cooling oil enters the air gap between the stator core and the rotor core can be reduced, the risk of forming an oil film is reduced, and the working efficiency of the motor can be improved.

Alternatively, referring to fig. 1 and 2, the second oil passage 2032 is a variable-section hole;

the second oil passage 2032 has a smaller cross-sectional area from the side close to the rotor core 202 to the side far from the rotor core 202.

Specifically, as shown in fig. 1 and 2, in one embodiment, in order to improve the atomization effect of the injected cooling oil, the second oil passage 2032 is a variable-section hole along the flow direction of the cooling oil in the second oil passage 2032, that is, from the side close to the rotor core 202 to the side away from the rotor core 202, for example, the section of the second oil passage 2032 may be a circular hole with a smaller and smaller diameter. It is to be understood that the degree of change in the cross-section of the second oil passage 2032 depends on the region where injection is required, and the difference in the size of the larger cross-sectional end and the smaller cross-sectional end, and the specific configuration of the second oil passage 2032 may be calculated from theoretical analysis in terms of fluid mechanics, etc., and the embodiment of the invention is not limited thereto. As shown in fig. 3, an example of the injection range after the cooling oil is injected from the second oil passage 2032 is given, 903, 904, 905 and 906 in the drawing are respectively the injection ranges formed by the second oil passage 2032 at different positions on the end plate 203, taking the injection range indicated by 903 in the drawing as an example, the injection range 903 is located on the side of the end plate 203 away from the rotor core 202, so that the cooling oil is difficult to enter the air gap between the stator core and the rotor core, and the second oil passage 2032 with the shape of the variable cross-section hole makes the injection range wider, the contact area larger, and the quick heat dissipation on the inner side of the stator winding more favorable.

Alternatively, referring to fig. 2, the first oil passage 2031 is a strip-shaped groove, and the first oil passage 2031 is opened on a surface of the end plate 203 close to the rotor core 202;

the second oil passage 2032 extends through both surfaces of the end plate 203.

Specifically, as shown in fig. 2, in one embodiment, a bar-shaped groove, i.e., a first oil passage 2031, may be machined in a surface of the end plate 203 near the rotor core 202. When the end plate 203 is assembled on the hollow rotating shaft 201, one surface of the end plate 203 provided with the groove is in close contact with the rotor core 202, and a channel is defined by the plane of the rotor core 202 and three surfaces of the groove, and cooling oil can flow in the channel. The second oil passage 2032 communicates with the first oil passage 2031 while penetrating both surfaces of the end plate 203, and the cooling oil in the first oil passage 2031 may be ejected through the second oil passage 2032. The first oil passage 2031 of this structure is relatively simple and convenient to machine and has a relatively low cost. In practice, the first oil passage 2031 may be formed inside the end plate 203 by injection molding, die casting or additive manufacturing according to the specific material of the end plate 203, and at this time, one end of the second oil passage 2032 is communicated with the first oil passage 2031, and the opening at the other end of the second oil passage 2032 is located on the surface of the end plate 203.

Optionally, referring to fig. 1 and 4, a plurality of oil outlet holes 2011 communicated with an inner cavity are uniformly arranged along the radial direction of the hollow rotating shaft 201, the number of the first oil passage 2031 and the second oil passage 2032 is the same as that of the oil outlet holes 2011, and each oil outlet hole 2011 is communicated with one of the first oil passage 2031 in an aligning manner.

Specifically, as shown in fig. 1 and 4, in one embodiment, in order to spray cooling oil to the inside of the stator winding at all positions around the hollow rotating shaft 201 for heat dissipation, a plurality of oil outlet holes 2011 communicated with the inner cavity are uniformly arranged along the radial direction of the hollow rotating shaft 201, the number of the first oil passages 2031 and the number of the second oil passages 2032 are the same as the number of the oil outlet holes 2011, and each oil outlet hole 2011 is communicated with one first oil passage 2031 in an aligned manner. For example, an oil outlet 2011 may be formed around the axis of the hollow rotating shaft 201 at an interval of 60 degrees along the radial direction of the hollow rotating shaft 201, and accordingly, six first oil passages 2031 and six second oil passages 2032 may be formed in the end plate 203. Therefore, when the hollow rotating shaft 201 rotates, the cooling oil can be sprayed to the inner side of the stator winding through each oil outlet 2011 and each second oil duct 2032, and cooling and heat dissipation at different circumferential positions of the inner wall of the stator winding are achieved.

Optionally, referring to fig. 4, an oil blocking rib 2033 is disposed on a side of the end plate 203 away from the rotor core 202, and the oil blocking rib 2033 is disposed along a radial direction of the end plate 203.

Specifically, as shown in fig. 4, in one embodiment, since the cooling oil is injected from the side of the end plate 203 away from the rotor core 202, an oil dam 2033 may be provided on the side of the end plate 203 away from the rotor core 202, the oil dam 2033 being provided in the radial direction of the end plate 203. As shown in fig. 5, when the motor is operated at a low speed, the cooling oil is subjected to a small centrifugal force and falls on a position close to the hollow rotating shaft 201 without being injected to the inside of the stator winding. With reference to fig. 6 and fig. 7, when the motor rotates forward or reversely, the oil blocking rib 2033 may block the disordered flow of the cooling oil on the surface of the end plate 203, and if the counterclockwise rotation of the end plate 203 in fig. 6 indicates a working condition of the motor rotating forward, it may be seen that the cooling oil is blocked and collected by the oil blocking rib 2033 on the right side of the second oil passage 2032 after being sprayed, and if the clockwise rotation of the end plate 203 in fig. 7 indicates a working condition of the motor rotating reversely, it may be seen that the cooling oil is blocked and collected by the oil blocking rib 2033 on the left side of the second oil passage 2032 after being sprayed. The oil blocking rib 2033 concentrates the cooling oil on the surface of the end plate 203 on the surface close to the hollow rotating shaft 201 for a short time, so as to improve the cooling efficiency of the hollow rotating shaft 201, ensure that the power output of the motor is not weakened by high temperature when the motor runs at low speed, ensure that higher torque can be output in the low-speed state, and provide abundant power.

Alternatively, referring to fig. 4, the number of the oil blocking ribs 2033 is plural, and the plural oil blocking ribs 2033 are uniformly distributed around the axis of the through hole and alternately spaced from the openings of the second oil passage 2032.

Specifically, in one embodiment, the oil bars 2033 provided on the surface of the end plate 203 may be a plurality of evenly distributed bars 2033, which are evenly distributed around the axis of the through hole and alternately spaced from the openings of the second oil passage 2032. As shown in fig. 4, there are eight openings of the second oil passage 2032 on the surface of the end plate 203, and accordingly, one oil dam 2033 may be disposed between every adjacent two openings for a total of eight oil dams 2033. No matter the end plate 203 rotates forward or backward, an oil blocking rib 2033 is always provided on any one side of the opening of the second oil passage 2032 to collect oil.

Alternatively, the oil bars 2033 are not completely the same shape and volume.

Specifically, in one embodiment, the oil blocking rib 2033 may be used to adjust the dynamic balance, and it is understood that the shape and volume of the oil blocking rib 2033 at different angular positions may not be exactly the same according to the test feedback of the operation stability during the test of the motor. For example, after the position and size of the unbalance are measured, the position can be trimmed to remove a part of the material, or the position can be symmetrical to add the mass corresponding to the position to achieve the dynamic balance correction, i.e. the dynamic balance is completed through the weight removal or the weight balancing. Therefore, the oil blocking ribs 2033 at each position may not have the same shape and volume, and may have a narrower shape and a wider shape, and may be designed according to the measurement result.

Optionally, the end plate 203 is a die-cast end plate or a high temperature resistant injection-molded end plate.

Specifically, in one embodiment, the die-cast end plate may be made of a metal material through a die-casting process or may be made of a high-temperature resistant plastic through an injection molding process, so that the second oil passage 2032 may be adaptively machined in various configurations as described above.

Optionally, referring to fig. 1, the oil-cooled electric machine further comprises a motor housing 204, a stator winding 205, and an axial oil jet 206;

the stator winding 205 is fixed within the motor housing 204, and the axial fuel injector 206 is disposed in a gap between the stator winding 205 and the motor housing 204;

the axial oil injection pipe 206 is provided with an oil injection hole 2061 facing the stator winding 205.

Specifically, as shown in fig. 1, in one embodiment, the oil-cooled electric machine may provide a cooling oil path outside through an axial oil jet 206 provided in a gap between the stator winding 205 and the motor housing 204, in addition to providing a cooling oil path inside the stator winding 205. The axial fuel injection pipe 206 is opened with fuel injection holes 2061 facing the stator winding 205, and when the cooling oil enters the axial fuel injection pipe 206, the cooling oil can be injected to the outer surface of the stator winding 205 through the fuel injection holes 2061. Therefore, the stator winding 205 is cooled from both the inside and outside directions on the inside and outside surfaces of the stator winding 205, and particularly for thicker windings, the cooling effect is more remarkable and the inside and outside heat balance performance is more excellent.

The embodiment of the invention also provides a vehicle which comprises any one of the oil-cooled motors.

No matter in passenger car or commercial car, to the new forms of energy vehicle, can use the oil-cooled motor that any kind of aforesaid embodiment provided as the engine to, can reduce the waste that causes the electric energy because of the oil film loss, ensure that the electric energy of vehicle comparatively abundant turns into mechanical energy, improve the utilization ratio of electric energy, improve the duration of vehicle.

The embodiments in the present specification are described in a progressive manner, each embodiment focuses on differences from other embodiments, and the same and similar parts among the embodiments are referred to each other.

As is readily imaginable to the person skilled in the art: any combination of the above embodiments is possible, and thus any combination between the above embodiments is an embodiment of the present invention, but the present disclosure is not necessarily detailed herein for reasons of space.

In the description provided herein, numerous specific details are set forth. It is understood, however, that embodiments of the invention may be practiced without these specific details. In some instances, well-known methods, structures and techniques have not been shown in detail in order not to obscure an understanding of this description.

Similarly, it should be appreciated that in the foregoing description of exemplary embodiments of the invention, various features of the invention are sometimes grouped together in a single embodiment, figure, or description thereof for the purpose of streamlining the invention and aiding in the understanding of one or more of the various inventive aspects. However, the disclosed method should not be interpreted as reflecting an intention that: that the invention as claimed requires more features than are expressly recited in each claim. Rather, as the following claims reflect, inventive aspects lie in less than all features of a single foregoing disclosed embodiment. Thus, the claims following the detailed description are hereby expressly incorporated into this detailed description, with each claim standing on its own as a separate embodiment of this invention.

Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the modules in the device in an embodiment may be adaptively changed and disposed in one or more devices different from the embodiment. The modules or units or components of the embodiments may be combined into one module or unit or component, and furthermore they may be divided into a plurality of sub-modules or sub-units or sub-components. All of the features disclosed in this specification (including any accompanying claims, abstract and drawings), and all of the processes or elements of any method or apparatus so disclosed, may be combined in any combination, except combinations where at least some of such features and/or processes or elements are mutually exclusive. Each feature disclosed in this specification (including any accompanying claims, abstract and drawings) may be replaced by alternative features serving the same, equivalent or similar purpose, unless expressly stated otherwise.

Furthermore, those skilled in the art will appreciate that while some embodiments described herein include some features included in other embodiments, rather than other features, combinations of features of different embodiments are meant to be within the scope of the invention and form different embodiments. For example, in the claims, any of the claimed embodiments may be used in any combination.

It should be noted that the above-mentioned embodiments illustrate rather than limit the invention, and that those skilled in the art will be able to design alternative embodiments without departing from the scope of the appended claims. In the claims, any reference signs placed between parentheses shall not be construed as limiting the claim. The word "comprising" does not exclude the presence of elements or steps not listed in a claim. The word "a" or "an" preceding an element does not exclude the presence of a plurality of such elements. The invention may be implemented by means of hardware comprising several distinct elements, and by means of a suitably programmed computer. In the unit claims enumerating several means, several of these means may be embodied by one and the same item of hardware. The usage of the words first, second and third, etcetera do not indicate any ordering. These words may be interpreted as names.

Claims

1. An oil-cooled motor is characterized by comprising a hollow rotating shaft, a rotor core and an end plate;

the first oil duct is aligned and communicated with the oil outlet hole.

2. The oil-cooled motor of claim 1, wherein the second oil passage is a variable cross-section hole;

3. The oil-cooled motor of claim 1, wherein the first oil passage is a bar-shaped groove, and the first oil passage is provided on a surface of the end plate close to the rotor core;

the second oil passage penetrates through both surfaces of the end plate.

4. The oil-cooled motor of claim 1,

the hollow rotating shaft is radially and uniformly provided with a plurality of oil outlet holes communicated with the inner cavity, the number of the first oil passages is equal to that of the second oil passages, and each oil outlet hole is communicated with one first oil passage in an aligning mode.

5. The oil-cooled motor according to any one of claims 1 to 4,

one side of the end plate, which is far away from the rotor core, is provided with an oil blocking rib, and the oil blocking rib is arranged along the radial direction of the end plate.

6. The oil-cooled motor of claim 5, wherein the number of the oil blocking ribs is plural, and the plural oil blocking ribs are uniformly distributed around the axis of the through hole and alternately spaced from the opening of the second oil passage.

7. The oil-cooled motor of claim 6, wherein the plurality of oil blocking ribs are not identical in shape and volume.

8. The oil cooled machine of claim 6, wherein the end plates are die cast end plates or high temperature resistant injection molded end plates.

9. The oil-cooled machine of any one of claims 6 to 8, further comprising a motor housing, stator windings, and an axial oil spray tube;

10. A vehicle characterized in that it comprises an oil-cooled electric machine according to any one of claims 1 to 9.