CN114076367B - Control system based on minimum hydraulic power is lost dispatch - Google Patents
Control system based on minimum hydraulic power is lost dispatch Download PDFInfo
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- CN114076367B CN114076367B CN202010846097.3A CN202010846097A CN114076367B CN 114076367 B CN114076367 B CN 114076367B CN 202010846097 A CN202010846097 A CN 202010846097A CN 114076367 B CN114076367 B CN 114076367B
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F5/00—Air-conditioning systems or apparatus not covered by F24F1/00 or F24F3/00, e.g. using solar heat or combined with household units such as an oven or water heater
- F24F5/0003—Exclusively-fluid systems
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
- F24D19/00—Details
- F24D19/10—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices
- F24D19/1006—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for water heating systems
- F24D19/1009—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for water heating systems for central heating
- F24D19/1015—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for water heating systems for central heating using a valve or valves
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
- F24D3/00—Hot-water central heating systems
- F24D3/10—Feed-line arrangements, e.g. providing for heat-accumulator tanks, expansion tanks ; Hydraulic components of a central heating system
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F11/00—Control or safety arrangements
- F24F11/50—Control or safety arrangements characterised by user interfaces or communication
- F24F11/54—Control or safety arrangements characterised by user interfaces or communication using one central controller connected to several sub-controllers
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F11/00—Control or safety arrangements
- F24F11/62—Control or safety arrangements characterised by the type of control or by internal processing, e.g. using fuzzy logic, adaptive control or estimation of values
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F11/00—Control or safety arrangements
- F24F11/62—Control or safety arrangements characterised by the type of control or by internal processing, e.g. using fuzzy logic, adaptive control or estimation of values
- F24F11/63—Electronic processing
- F24F11/65—Electronic processing for selecting an operating mode
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F11/00—Control or safety arrangements
- F24F11/70—Control systems characterised by their outputs; Constructional details thereof
- F24F11/80—Control systems characterised by their outputs; Constructional details thereof for controlling the temperature of the supplied air
- F24F11/83—Control systems characterised by their outputs; Constructional details thereof for controlling the temperature of the supplied air by controlling the supply of heat-exchange fluids to heat-exchangers
- F24F11/84—Control systems characterised by their outputs; Constructional details thereof for controlling the temperature of the supplied air by controlling the supply of heat-exchange fluids to heat-exchangers using valves
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F11/00—Control or safety arrangements
- F24F11/70—Control systems characterised by their outputs; Constructional details thereof
- F24F11/80—Control systems characterised by their outputs; Constructional details thereof for controlling the temperature of the supplied air
- F24F11/83—Control systems characterised by their outputs; Constructional details thereof for controlling the temperature of the supplied air by controlling the supply of heat-exchange fluids to heat-exchangers
- F24F11/85—Control systems characterised by their outputs; Constructional details thereof for controlling the temperature of the supplied air by controlling the supply of heat-exchange fluids to heat-exchangers using variable-flow pumps
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F11/00—Control or safety arrangements
- F24F11/89—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F5/00—Air-conditioning systems or apparatus not covered by F24F1/00 or F24F3/00, e.g. using solar heat or combined with household units such as an oven or water heater
- F24F5/0007—Air-conditioning systems or apparatus not covered by F24F1/00 or F24F3/00, e.g. using solar heat or combined with household units such as an oven or water heater cooling apparatus specially adapted for use in air-conditioning
- F24F5/001—Compression cycle type
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F2221/00—Details or features not otherwise provided for
- F24F2221/54—Heating and cooling, simultaneously or alternatively
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B30/00—Energy efficient heating, ventilation or air conditioning [HVAC]
- Y02B30/70—Efficient control or regulation technologies, e.g. for control of refrigerant flow, motor or heating
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Abstract
The invention discloses a control system based on minimum hydraulic power dispatching, which can realize heat supply and cold supply according to requirements by controlling the on-off of a temperature control valve of a terminal user to control the room temperature; the system can be used for adjusting the collected parameters of the end user such as temperature, flow and the like as the system and also can be used for heat metering charge, so that the efficiency is improved, the parameters collected by the original metering system can be directly used for controlling heating and cooling, and the system investment is reduced; the system can analyze the heating and cooling water system through hydraulic working condition analysis software, obtain the corresponding relation between the number of the end closing users and the operation modes of the heating and cooling equipment, and adjust the related heating and cooling equipment by taking the switch of the end user temperature control valve as a signal, can quickly and accurately adjust the flow, reduce the fluctuation of the temperature of the supply and return water, reduce the energy waste and improve the comfort.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a control system, in particular to a heating and air conditioning control system.
Background
The prior heating system and the air conditioning system have the following two problems in operation, namely uneven cooling and heating of each user at the tail end, inconsistent heating load or cooling capacity with requirements and poor comfort; and secondly, the operation adjustment is lagged, the fluctuation of the supply and return water temperature is large, the adjustment effect of different operation modes is poor, the fuel consumption and the transportation energy consumption are overhigh, the energy waste is caused, and the atmospheric pollution is aggravated. The main reasons for the problems are that 1, the hydraulic balance of the system is difficult to realize in the initial adjustment stage at present, signals such as the flow rate, the pressure difference and the temperature of the supply and return water of the system collected in the operation adjustment process are uniform parameters on a supply and return water main pipe or a larger branch pipe, the actual conditions of each end user cannot be accurately reflected, and the adjustment according to the parameters can cause the heat demand and the cold demand of the end users to be inconsistent with the actual heat supply and cold supply, thereby affecting the comfort; 2. the parameters such as temperature, flow and the like of supply and return water collected by the existing heat metering device are not fully applied. 3. Because the pipe network has hysteresis, the building envelope has thermal inertia, long response time is needed after the system is adjusted, the adjustment is carried out according to the collected signals of the flow rate, the pressure difference, the temperature and the like of the supply water and the return water of the system, the heat supply amount and the cold supply amount always lag behind the actual requirements of the system, the temperature of the supply water and the return water of the pipe network has large fluctuation, and the lower comfort and the energy waste are caused. 4. Heating and air conditioner water system are turbulent state, and the pressure of the water system that the sensor was gathered, flow parameter are undulant, and its accuracy, ageing need improve, and flow, pressure isoparametric wave nature that gather when the resistance of pipe network changes are stronger, and the regularity is worse. 5. Different system operation modes are required to be formulated according to different outdoor temperatures, and set values of water supply and return flow, pressure difference, temperature and the like of the system can be changed in different operation modes, so that the difficulty of system control is improved.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects of imbalance of water power of a heating and air conditioning system, poor comfort, lag in operation adjustment, large fluctuation of water supply and return temperature, poor adjustment effect of different operation modes, energy waste and the like in the prior art, the invention provides a control system based on minimum water power loss scheduling, which can realize timely and effective adjustment of indoor temperature and a circulating water system and achieve the purpose of cooling and heating according to needs.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows: the utility model provides a control system based on minimum water conservancy is lost dispatch, contains water conservancy operating mode analysis software when this system is applied to heating system, sets up in the indoor temperature controller of end user, sets up in end user's temperature-sensing valve, calorimeter, sets up in frequency conversion circulating water pump, converter, level pressure moisturizing device, PLC controller and host computer, temperature sensor, pressure sensor, flowmeter, the weather compensator of heat transfer station.
The system comprises hydraulic working condition analysis software, a temperature controller arranged in a terminal user room, a temperature control valve arranged in the terminal user room, a cooling tower arranged outdoors, a water chilling unit arranged in a refrigeration machine room, a variable-frequency circulating water pump, a frequency converter, a constant-pressure water supplementing device, a PLC (programmable logic controller) controller, an upper computer, a temperature sensor, a pressure sensor and a flowmeter when being applied to an air conditioning system.
The method comprises the steps that firstly, hydraulic working condition analysis is carried out on a heating or air-conditioning water system, and the most stable user is selected, because when a certain user closes or closes a valve, the total flow of the system is reduced, the flow of each section of main pipe is reduced, the pressure drop of the main pipe is reduced, the qualification pressure of all users is increased, and the smaller the qualification pressure of the user closer to a cold and heat source is, the smaller the hydraulic power failure scheduling is, the most stable user is. Establishing a mathematical model of hydraulic calculation, solving the hydraulic power failure rate of the most stable user when each user of the system is closed or closed by using hydraulic working condition analysis software, sequencing the closed or closed users from small to large according to the hydraulic power failure rate of the most stable user, then closing or closing the first user and calculating the hydraulic power failure rate of the most stable user to be used as the minimum hydraulic power failure rate when one user is closed or closed. And then closing or closing the rest users respectively, calculating the most stable user hydraulic power loss schedule and selecting the minimum hydraulic power loss schedule as the minimum hydraulic power loss schedule when closing 2 users, and so on, wherein the obtained hydraulic power loss schedules are the minimum hydraulic power loss schedules when closing or closing 3 users and when closing or closing n users respectively, and the hydraulic power loss schedules of all the users in the system are all larger than the calculated minimum hydraulic power loss schedule when any n users in the system are closed or closed. The rotating speed of the current water pump is divided by the hydraulic power failure rate to respectively calculate the operating frequency or the number of operating units of the water pump when n users are turned off or turned off, so that the operating frequency and the number of operating units of the water pump can be quickly adjusted according to the number of the users turned off or turned off in the system, the fluctuation of the temperature of supply and return water is reduced, and the flow of all the users can be ensured to be larger than or equal to the initial value. The method comprises the steps that the operating frequencies of different circulating pumps are set according to different operating periods and are used as reference frequencies, or the operating frequencies of the circulating pumps in a design state are directly used as the reference frequencies, then the operating frequencies of the water pumps are calculated according to the minimum hydraulic power dispatching loss of n users when the users are closed or shut down, and the operating frequencies are input into a PLC upper computer in a program mode, wherein the operating frequencies are used as operating modes, the ratio of the minimum hydraulic power dispatching loss to the maximum hydraulic power dispatching loss of the most stable users is calculated in an application example 1, no matter where the closed users are located, the difference between the flow of the most stable users after being adjusted according to the minimum hydraulic power dispatching loss of the most stable users and the design flow is small, and the accuracy of the debugging method can meet requirements. After the initial adjustment is completed and in the operation process, the operation mode can be verified and optimized according to the proportion of the number of users whose temperature fed back by the end user temperature controller is not in the corresponding range or the number of the state changes of the end user temperature control valve within a certain time after the operation frequency or the number of the water pumps is adjusted.
The tail end temperature control valve of the heating system can be opened and closed in two gears or opened, opened in a small degree and closed in three gears. The temperature control method comprises the steps that a user temperature adjusting range is set in a temperature controller, a user sets indoor temperature in a specified temperature range according to own requirements, the temperature controller calculates the indoor temperature of closed temperature control valves or small-opening operation and the indoor temperature of opened valves according to the user set temperature, when the indoor temperature reaches the temperature of closed or small-opening operation, the temperature controller sends an instruction to close the temperature control valves of end users, and if the indoor temperature is reduced to the opening temperature, the temperature controller immediately opens the temperature control valves of the end users. The temperature controller can also calculate the indoor temperature of the temperature control valve closing or small opening operation and the indoor temperature 1 and the indoor temperature 2 of the valve opening according to the temperature set by the user, wherein the opening temperature 1 is higher than the opening temperature 2. When the indoor temperature reaches the temperature control valve closing or small opening operation temperature, the temperature controller sends an instruction to close or close the temperature control valve of the end user, if the indoor temperature is reduced to the opening temperature 1 within the specified time, the temperature controller immediately opens the temperature control valve of the end user, and if the indoor temperature is reduced to the opening temperature 1 outside the specified time, the temperature controller opens the temperature control valve of the end user when the indoor temperature is reduced to the opening temperature 2. The user can switch the temperature controller to the manual control mode according to own demand, closes or closes the service pipe temperature control valve by oneself to set up regularly and open. After the temperature control valve is manually closed, if the room temperature is reduced to a certain temperature t, the temperature controller opens the temperature control valve to prevent the room temperature from being too low, and the temperature controller closes the temperature control valve when the room temperature is higher than the certain temperature. In the operation process, the flow meter of the temperature controller or the heat meter can feed back users for closing or closing the temperature control valve to the PLC upper computer, the PLC upper computer counts the number of the closed or closed users and starts a corresponding operation mode, the operation mode is sent to the PLC controller, and the PLC controller adjusts the operation frequency of the circulating pump or controls the operation number of the water pump through the frequency converter.
In the heating system, the reference frequency of the secondary network circulating water pump is set according to outdoor meteorological parameters provided by the climate compensator, and the climate compensator adjusts the opening of an electric water valve on a water supply pipe of the primary network according to the set secondary network water supply temperature to ensure that the secondary network water supply temperature meets the requirements. Thereby completing the control and regulation of the room temperature and the water system of the user. In the running process, the running mode is optimized according to parameters such as flow, temperature and the like fed back by a heat meter, a temperature controller and the like, and a control program is modified in an upper computer of the PLC. The system can transmit the collected parameters of the heat used by the user, the indoor temperature of the user and the like to a heating power company as a charging basis. In an air conditioning system, a temperature controller sets a user temperature adjustment range, a user sets an indoor temperature t within a predetermined temperature range according to the user's needs, and the temperature controller calculates an indoor temperature t1 ℃ at which a valve is closed and an indoor temperature t2 ℃ at which the valve is opened according to the user temperature setting. When the indoor temperature reaches t1 ℃, the temperature controller sends an instruction to close the temperature control valve of the end user, and if the indoor temperature rises to t2 ℃, the temperature controller immediately opens the temperature control valve of the end user. In the operation process, the temperature controller can feed back the state of the temperature control valve of the end user to the upper computer of the PLC controller.
In the air conditioning system, according to the calculation result of hydraulic working condition analysis software, a corresponding operation mode of a refrigerating water pump is set according to the variation range of the flow of the refrigerating water of a refrigerating unit, in the operation process, the corresponding frequency of the refrigerating water pump is determined according to the number of closed users, the refrigerating capacity required by the tail end is calculated according to the total flow of the refrigerating water and the temperature of the refrigerating water supplied to the water return fed back by a sensor, the refrigerating capacity required by the tail end is compared with the refrigerating capacity of a water chilling unit, if the refrigerating capacity of the water chilling unit is larger than the refrigerating capacity required by the tail end, the water chilling unit is unloaded or closed, if the refrigerating capacity of the water chilling unit is smaller than the refrigerating capacity required by the tail end, the water chilling unit is loaded or increased, and the operation parameters of the cooling water pump and a cooling tower are further determined according to the operation state of the water chilling unit and the outdoor temperature and humidity. And when the total water volume of the chilled water is less than the minimum water volume of the water chilling unit, the bypass valve between the water collecting and distributing devices is opened, and when the total water volume of the chilled water is more than a certain flow, the bypass valve between the water collecting and distributing devices is closed.
The hydraulic working condition analysis software comprises three parts, wherein the first part is a flow distribution calculation program based on a loop analysis method, original data is input, the node pipe section number, the node net flow, the pipe section impedance, the lift, the flow, the altitude difference vector and an association matrix A = [ At Al ], wherein Al is a chain branch matrix and an At branch matrix, the association matrix A corresponds to the column number, the node corresponds to the row number, the pipe section outflow node value is 1, the pipe section inflow node value is-1, the pipe section and node independent value is zero, the Al matrix is an association matrix of all end users and all nodes, the most stable user is placed in the first column, the At matrix is the association matrix of the rest pipe sections and all nodes, the pipe sections and the association matrix A are reordered according to the small or large pipe section impedance, the order change of the pipe sections and the association matrix A is recorded, the minimum tree structure basic loop matrix is selected, the initial precision and the initial value of the chain branch flow are given, and the Mk matrix is constructed to calculate the balance difference. And (3) solving the chain branch flow difference of two iterations by adopting a square root method, calculating the total flow and the total flow difference, continuing iterative calculation on the basis of the calculated flow when the total flow difference is greater than the precision requirement, and calculating and outputting the actual flow and the actual pressure of each pipe section when the precision meets the requirement. The second part is a hydraulic working condition analysis program, users except the most stable users are respectively closed, whether the row vector corresponding to the node associated with the node in the new incidence matrix has only one non-zero element is judged after the pipe section is deleted, if only one element is deleted, the pipe section corresponding to the node is indicated to have no flow to be deleted, the previous step is continued until no pipe section with zero flow exists in the new incidence matrix, a new incidence matrix and node net flow, pipe section impedance, lift, flow and head vector are generated, then the first part of program is called to calculate the flow of each pipe section, the hydraulic power failure rate of the most stable users is calculated, and the closed users are sequenced according to the hydraulic power failure rate from small to large to obtain the vector ZL. The third part is a mode output program, a user ordering vector ZL is obtained according to the second part, a first element of ZL is selected to form a new vector ZK through the remaining elements respectively, if n elements in the element in ZK are smaller than the element value, n is subtracted from the element to form a new vector ZX, corresponding users are deleted from ZX in sequence, a pipe section with the flow of 0 and related nodes in the system are deleted according to a method in the second part of the program to form a new correlation matrix and node net flow, pipe section impedance, lift, flow and high difference vector, then the first part of program is called to calculate the flow of each pipe section, the hydraulic power failure scheduling of the most stable user is calculated, the remaining users are used as second closed users respectively, the minimum hydraulic power failure scheduling of the most stable user is compared, and the hydraulic power failure scheduling of the most stable user when the n users are closed is obtained by analogy.
And dividing the pump lift by the square of the minimum hydraulic power failure rate to obtain the target pump lift of the pump, calculating the corresponding rotating speed, and outputting the number of closed users and the corresponding rotating speed of the water pump as an operation mode.
Preferably, as a further optimization improvement, the hydraulic working condition analysis software can respectively assign values to end users with different flow rates, the user with the smallest flow rate is 1 user, hydraulic power failure scheduling of the most stable user of the system when the user with the smallest flow rate close to the cold and heat source and the user with the large flow rate far away from the cold and heat source are closed is calculated, if the value when the user with the larger flow rate is closed is calculated to be b and is between the value a when the user with the n number of users is closed and the value c when the user with the n number of users is closed, the value of 1 large flow rate user is equivalent to n + (b-a)/(c-a) small user through a linear interpolation method, and the assignment is carried out on the user with the large flow rate.
According to the control system based on the minimum hydraulic power loss scheduling, the temperature controller is installed in a typical indoor room and mainly comprises a temperature control panel, a temperature sensor, a control line and the like, data such as indoor temperature, valve opening and closing states, fault states and the like can be transmitted to a PLC (programmable logic controller) control machine upper computer and a heat metering system upper computer, the control system has two control modes of manual operation and automatic operation, and opening and closing and opening adjustment of the temperature control valve can be controlled according to the temperature. In the manual mode, the valve can be opened and closed and the opening time can be set.
According to the control system based on the minimum hydraulic power dispatching loss, the temperature control valve consists of the actuator and the valve body, the actuator is connected with the temperature controller through the control line, the valve is opened and closed at two gears or at three gears of opening, closing and small opening, and the valve can be opened and closed or the opening of the valve can be reduced according to the instruction of the temperature controller.
Preferably, in the control system based on the minimum hydraulic power loss regulation, the electric temperature control valve is composed of an actuator and a valve body, the actuator is connected with the temperature controller through a control line, the temperature controller is connected with the PLC controller through a communication line or wirelessly, and the temperature control valve can open and close the valve or reduce the opening degree of the valve according to an instruction of the temperature controller, and can open and close the valve or reduce the opening degree of the valve according to an instruction controlled by the PLC.
According to the control system based on the minimum hydraulic power loss scheduling, the electric regulating valve consists of the actuator and the valve body, the actuator is connected with the local controller through the control line, the local controller is connected with the PLC through the communication line or wirelessly, local control and remote control can be achieved, the valve can be opened and closed or the opening of the valve can be regulated according to the instruction of the PLC, and the state of the valve can be fed back to the PLC.
The heat meter is arranged at the inlets of a household water return pipe and a building main pipe and comprises two temperature sensors, a flowmeter and a calculator, the two temperature sensors are respectively arranged on a water supply return pipe, the flowmeter is arranged on a water supply pipe or a water return pipe, the calculator can calculate the heat consumption of a user for a period of time according to the temperature and the flow of the water supply return pipe and a formula, the heat meter has a remote transmission function, and parameters such as the collected flow, the temperature and the calculated heat can be transmitted to a PLC upper computer.
According to the control system based on the minimum hydraulic power loss scheduling, the variable-frequency circulating water pump is installed on the water return main pipe at the user side in the heat exchange station, and the variable-frequency pump can change pressure and flow by changing the rotating speed of the motor.
In the control system based on the minimum hydraulic power loss scheduling, the constant-pressure water supplementing system can adopt a high-level water tank or a water supplementing pump, and the constant-pressure point is positioned at the suction inlet of the water pump.
According to the control system based on the minimum hydraulic power failure dispatching, the frequency converter can control the rotating speed of the variable frequency pump according to signals of the PLC, and can also feed back information such as the rotating speed of the water pump to the PLC upper computer.
In the control system based on the minimum hydraulic power failure dispatching, the field instrument can display parameters of a pressure sensor, a temperature sensor, a flowmeter and the like, and can upload the parameters to the PLC.
In the above control system based on minimum hydraulic power failure scheduling, the PLC controller and the upper computer include a power supply, a Central Processing Unit (CPU), a memory, an input/output interface circuit, a functional module, a communication module, and the like. The operation mode can be written into a program to be input and stored in the memory, and in the operation process, the central processing unit receives relevant parameters collected by the climate compensator, the frequency converter, the heat meter, the temperature controller, the temperature sensor, the pressure sensor, the flow meter and the like, then reads the relevant program from the memory to carry out operation, converts the operation result into a relevant control signal and transmits the relevant control signal to the corresponding controlled equipment through the output interface. The function module can count the collected information of user temperature, flow and the like, and optimize the operation mode according to the statistical result. The communication module can realize the functions of data transmission and the like with other systems.
Preferably, the PLC controller and the upper computer may directly receive the on-off state of the user temperature control valve counted by the existing household heat metering system, and count the number of users that are turned on and off, so as to adjust the operating frequency of the circulating water pump according to the on-off state.
According to the control system based on the minimum hydraulic power failure dispatching, the temperature sensor, the pressure sensor and the flow meter are all installed on the water supply and return pipe of the pipe network, parameters such as temperature, pressure and flow of the pipe network can be collected, the parameters can be displayed through a field instrument, and the parameters can also be transmitted to the PLC and the upper computer.
According to the control system based on the minimum hydraulic power failure dispatching, the refrigerating unit comprises the compressor, the evaporator, the condenser, the expansion valve and the like, and the refrigerating capacity of the refrigerating unit can be changed by adjusting the position of the slide valve, the rotating speed of the compressor and the internal volume ratio. In the control system based on the minimum hydraulic power failure scheduling, the cooling tower comprises a fan, a water baffle, a water spraying device, a filling layer, a water tank, a louver, a tower body and the like, and the heat of the cooling water can be dissipated into the atmosphere.
According to the control system based on the minimum hydraulic power failure dispatching, the chilled water pump is mounted on the chilled water pipeline, and the pressure and the flow can be changed by changing the rotating speed of the motor.
According to the control system based on the minimum hydraulic power failure dispatching, the cooling water pump is arranged on the cooling water pipeline, and can run at a fixed frequency and change the pressure and the flow by changing the rotating speed of the motor.
In the control system based on the minimum hydraulic power loss scheduling, the water separator and the water collector are devices which are arranged on the frozen water pipeline, wherein one end of each water separator is respectively connected with the water supply main pipe and the water return main pipe, and the other end of each water separator is connected with each branch water pipe at the tail end.
According to the control system based on the minimum hydraulic power dispatching loss, the outdoor temperature and humidity sensor is arranged near the outdoor cooling tower and can transmit the temperature and humidity parameters of outdoor air to the upper computer.
The beneficial effects of the invention are: the minimum hydraulic power dispatching regulation system controls the room temperature by controlling the on-off of the temperature control valve of the end user, can distribute more flow to adverse users, can effectively relieve the situation of uneven user flow commonly existing in a pipe network, can set the opening temperature of the temperature control valve according to the indoor temperature reduction speed after the indoor temperature control valve is closed, and can improve the indoor comfort; compared with the prior art that the flow, pressure, temperature and other parameters of a main pipe are used for reflecting the heat demand of the user more accurately according to the acquired parameters of the flow, the temperature and the like of the end user, the minimum hydraulic power dispatching regulation system is more beneficial to realizing heat supply according to the demand, reducing the waste of heat energy and electric energy and improving the comfort level of the user; the parameters such as the temperature, the flow and the like of the end user collected by the minimum hydraulic power dispatching regulation system can be used for system regulation and heat metering charge, so that the efficiency is improved, and the parameters fed back by the existing cold and heat metering equipment can be used for controlling, so that the investment is saved; the minimum hydraulic power dispatching regulation system takes the switch of the end user home-entry valve as a signal for regulation, is quicker and more accurate compared with parameters such as pipe network flow, pressure, temperature and the like, can quickly regulate the flow, reduce the change of supply and return water temperature, effectively reduce the consumption of heat energy and electric energy and improve the comfort; the minimum hydraulic power dispatching loss adjusting system can set different water pump reference frequencies at different outdoor temperatures, adjusts the water pump reference frequencies and the minimum hydraulic power dispatching loss, does not need to change an operation mode along with the change of the outdoor temperature, and reduces the complexity of control.
Drawings
The invention is further illustrated by the following examples in conjunction with the drawings.
FIG. 1 is a first hydraulic condition analysis software routine of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a second hydraulic condition analysis software routine of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a third hydraulic condition analysis software routine of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the present invention for use in a heating system.
Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of the present invention for use in an air conditioning system.
In the figure, 1, an upper computer, 2, a PLC, 3, a frequency converter, 4, a circulating pump, 5, a water replenishing pump, 6, a pressure gauge, 7, a thermometer, 8, a flowmeter, 9, a field instrument, 10, an electric regulating valve, 11, a heat exchanger, 12, a temperature controller, 13, a temperature control valve, 14, a heat meter, 15, a user, 16, a climate compensator, 17, a refrigerating unit, 18, a freezing water pump, 19, a cooling water pump, 20, a cooling tower, 21, a water separator, 22, a water collector, 23, an outdoor temperature and humidity sensor, 24, a primary network water supply pipe, 25, a primary network water return pipe, 26, a secondary network water supply pipe, 27, a secondary network water return pipe, 28, a freezing water supply pipe, 29, a freezing water return pipe, 30, a cooling water supply pipe and 31, a cooling water pipe are arranged.
Detailed Description
[ example 1 ] A method for producing a polycarbonate
When the control system is applied to a heating system, the control system based on the minimum hydraulic power dispatching loss consists of hydraulic power working condition analysis software, 1. An upper computer, 2. A PLC (programmable logic controller), 3. A frequency converter, 4. A circulating pump, 5. A constant pressure water replenishing device, 6. A pressure gauge, 7. A thermometer, 8. A flowmeter, 9. A field instrument, 10. An electric regulating valve, 12. A temperature controller, 13. A temperature control valve, 14. A heat meter, 15. A user and 16. A climate compensator.
Setting a user temperature regulation range in a temperature controller to be 18-21 ℃, setting an indoor temperature t in a specified temperature range by a user according to the requirement of the user, calculating the indoor temperature t +2 ℃ of valve closing, the indoor temperature 1 of valve opening to be t +1.5 ℃, the indoor temperature 2 to be t +1 ℃ and the opening temperature 1 to be higher than the opening temperature 2 by the temperature controller according to the user set temperature. When the indoor temperature reaches t +2 ℃, the temperature controller sends an instruction to close the temperature control valve of the end user, if the indoor temperature is not more than 2 hours when the indoor temperature is reduced to the opening temperature of 1, the temperature controller immediately opens the temperature control valve of the end user, and if the indoor temperature is more than 2 hours when the indoor temperature is reduced to the opening temperature of 1, the temperature controller opens the temperature control valve of the end user when the indoor temperature is reduced to the opening temperature of 2. The user can switch the temperature controller to the manual control mode according to the demand of oneself, closes the service pipe temperature-sensing valve by oneself to set up regularly and open. After the temperature control valve is manually closed, if the room temperature is reduced to a certain temperature of 13 ℃, the temperature controller opens the temperature control valve to prevent the room temperature from being too low, and when the room temperature is higher than 15 ℃, the temperature controller closes the temperature control valve of the household pipe. In the operation process, the flow meter of the temperature controller or the heat meter can feed back a user closing the household temperature control valve to the PLC upper computer, a mathematical model of the hydraulic working condition of the pipe network is established, and the hydraulic working condition is analyzed by software according to the hydraulic working conditionDepth analysis, the most stable users of the system are the users closest to the heat source, and the number of closed users is (3.33% 6.67% 10.00% 13.33% 16.67% 20.00% 23.33% 26.67% 30.00% 33.33% 36.67% 40.00% 43.33% 46.67% 50.00% 53.33% 56.67% 60.00% 63.33% 66.67% 70.00% 73.33% 76.67% 80.00%), the corresponding minimum hydraulic fluid loss scheduling of the most stable users is (1.022 1.047.077.073 1.102.132 1.164 1.198 1.272 1.312.354 1.398 1.444 1.1.541 1.491 1.591 1.641 1.691 1.740 1.787.830 1.866.891.908). The maximum hydraulic power loss rate of the most stable user corresponding to 1 user, 2 users and n users is set as (1.028 1.057.088.120 1.153 1.189.226 1.267 1.309 1.348 1.389 1.431 1.474 1.520.567.615 1.665 1.715 1.765 1.806 1.842 1.873.897.909). The ratio of the minimum hydraulic loss schedule to the maximum hydraulic loss schedule of the most stable users corresponding to 1 user closing, 2 users closing, n users closing is (0.994 0.990 0.986.984.980.981.979 0.977 0.974.972 0.973.975.977 0.979 0.981.983.985.986.986.986.986.986.990.993.996.998.999). The ratio of the minimum hydraulic power loss scheduling to the maximum hydraulic power loss scheduling is over 0.97, no matter where the closed user is, after the frequency of the pump is adjusted according to the minimum hydraulic power loss scheduling of the most stable user, the ratio of the designed flow to the actual flow of the most stable user is greater than 0.97, the adjusting method is high in precision and can meet requirements. The lift of a water pump under the designed working condition is 20kpa, and the flow is 60m 3 The rotating speed is 2960r/min, the rotating speed variation range of the pump is 2960r/min-1780r/min, the operation mode formulated according to the operation result and the performance parameters of the pump is that the water pump operates under the design working condition when the number of closed users is less than 13.33%, the rotating speed of the water pump becomes 90% of the design working condition when the number of closed users is greater than or equal to 13.33% and less than 23.33%, the rotating speed of the water pump is 80% of the design working condition when the number of closed users is greater than or equal to 23.33% and less than or equal to 40%, the rotating speed of the water pump is 70% of the design working condition when the number of closed users is greater than or equal to 40% and less than or equal to 60%, and the rotating speed of the water pump is 60% of the design working condition when the number of closed users is greater than or equal to 60%. In the initial adjustment stage and practiceThe mode can be checked according to actual conditions in the operation stage. If the weather condition and the end use condition do not change obviously, if more users turn on the water pump in a short time in a certain mode, the rotating speed of the water pump in the mode is adjusted to be smaller, and if more users turn off the water pump in the short time, the rotating speed of the water pump in the mode is appropriately reduced.
The PLC upper computer performs quantity statistics of the closed users and starts corresponding operation modes, the operation modes are sent to the PLC controller, and the PLC controller adjusts the operation frequency of the circulating pump or controls the operation quantity of the water pump through the frequency converter, so that the room temperature of the users and the water system are controlled and adjusted. And in the running process, the running mode is optimized according to parameters such as flow, temperature and the like fed back by a heat meter, a temperature controller and the like, and a program is modified in an upper computer of the PLC. The system can transmit the collected parameters of the heat used by the user, the indoor temperature of the user and the like to a heating power company as a charging basis.
[ example 2 ] A method for producing a polycarbonate
When the control system is applied to an air conditioning system, the control system based on the minimum hydraulic power failure dispatching comprises hydraulic power working condition analysis software, 1, an upper computer, 2, a PLC (programmable logic controller), 3, a frequency converter, 12, a temperature controller, 13, a temperature control valve, 6, a pressure gauge, 7, a thermometer, 8, a flowmeter, 9, a field instrument, 10, an electric regulating valve, 15, a user, 17, a refrigerating unit, 18, a freezing water pump, 19, a cooling water pump, 20, a cooling tower, 21, a water separator, 22, a water collector and 23, an outdoor temperature and humidity sensor.
The temperature controller sets the user temperature adjusting range, the end user sets the indoor temperature t in the specified temperature range according to the own requirements, and the temperature controller 12 calculates the indoor temperature t DEG C of the opened valve and the indoor temperature t-1℃ of the closed valve according to the user temperature. When the indoor temperature reaches t-1 ℃, the temperature controller sends an instruction to close the temperature control valve of the end user, and if the indoor temperature rises to t ℃, the temperature controller immediately opens the temperature control valve of the end user. In the operation process, the temperature controller can feed back a user who closes the home temperature control valve to the PLC upper computer. The number of closed users and the corresponding rotating speed of the circulating water pump are calculated by utilizing hydraulic working condition analysis software, the number of the closed users and the corresponding rotating speed of the water pump are output to serve as operation modes, the upper computer adjusts the rotating speed of the circulating water pump according to the number of the closed end users fed back by the system, the cooling capacity required by the tail end is calculated according to the total cooling water flow, the temperature of the cooling water supply return water and the flow fed back by the flow meter 8a, the cooling capacity required by the tail end is compared with the cooling capacity of the water chilling unit, if the cooling capacity of the water chilling unit is larger than the cooling capacity required by the tail end, the water chilling unit is unloaded or closed, if the cooling capacity of the water chilling unit is smaller than the cooling capacity required by the tail end, the water chilling unit is loaded or increased, and the operation parameters of the cooling water pump and the cooling tower are further determined according to the operation state of the water chilling unit and the outdoor temperature and humidity fed back by the outdoor temperature and humidity sensor 23. And when the water amount fed back by the flowmeter 8b on the water supply pipe of the water chilling unit is less than the minimum water amount of the water chilling unit, the electric valve 10b is opened to protect the water chilling unit, and when the water amount is more than a certain flow rate, the electric valve 10b is closed.
Claims (21)
1. A control system based on minimum hydraulic power failure scheduling is applied to a heating system and comprises hydraulic power working condition analysis software, an upper computer (1), a PLC (programmable logic controller) 2, a frequency converter (3), a variable-frequency circulating water pump (4), a constant-pressure water supplementing device (5), a pressure gauge (6), a thermometer (7), a flow meter (8), a field instrument (9), an electric regulating valve (10), a temperature controller (12), an end user temperature control valve (13), a heat meter (14), an end user (15) and an air alternative compensator (16).
2. The control system according to claim 1, wherein the calculating of the hydraulic power loss schedule of the most stable user when the thermostat valves of any n users are closed or closed comprises selecting a minimum value of the hydraulic power loss schedule of the most stable user as the minimum hydraulic power loss schedule, and specifically comprises: sequentially solving the hydraulic power failure rate of the most stable user when each user of the system closes or closes the temperature control valve, sequencing the users closing or closing the temperature control valve according to the hydraulic power failure rate of the most stable user from small to large, then closing or closing the temperature control valve of the first user and calculating the hydraulic power failure rate of the most stable user to be used as the minimum hydraulic power failure rate when one user temperature control valve is closed or closed; respectively closing or closing the temperature control valves of the rest users, calculating the hydraulic power dispatching loss of the most stable user and selecting the minimum hydraulic power dispatching loss as the minimum hydraulic power dispatching loss when the two user temperature control valves are closed or closed; and by analogy, the minimum hydraulic power dispatching loss when the temperature control valves of the n users are closed or shut down is obtained.
3. The control system based on the minimum hydraulic power dispatching loss as claimed in claim 1, wherein the hydraulic power dispatching loss corresponding to the number of the closed users can be obtained by analyzing the hydraulic working conditions of the heating system, and the corresponding operation modes of the heating and air conditioning system are formulated by calculating the operation frequency and the operation number of the variable-frequency circulating water pump according to the hydraulic power dispatching loss of the most stable users adjusted to 1.
4. The control system based on minimum hydraulic power loss scheduling as claimed in claim 1, wherein the temperature controller or the flow meter of the heat meter can feed back users closing or closing the temperature control valve to the PLC controller and the upper computer, the PLC controller and the upper computer perform statistics on the number of users closing or closing the temperature control valve and start corresponding operation modes, and send the operation modes to the PLC controller, and the PLC controller adjusts the operation frequency of the variable frequency circulating water pump or controls the operation number of the water pump through the frequency converter.
5. The control system based on minimum hydraulic power failure dispatching of claim 1, wherein the operation mode can be adjusted when the number of the state changes of the temperature control valve of the end user within a certain time after the operation frequency or the number of the variable frequency circulating water pumps is adjusted in the operation process is larger than a certain proportion.
6. The system of claim 1, wherein the operation mode is adjusted according to a ratio of the number of users whose temperature fed back from the end user thermostat is not within a corresponding range during operation.
7. The control system according to claim 1, wherein the PLC controller and the upper computer are capable of directly receiving the on/off status of the user temperature control valve counted by the existing household heat metering system, counting the number of users that are turned on and off, and adjusting the operation frequency of the variable-frequency circulating water pump according to the counted number.
8. The system of claim 1, wherein the collected user heat and the user room temperature are transmitted to a heating company as a basis for charging.
9. The system of claim 1, wherein the thermostat has two control modes, a manual mode and an automatic mode, the automatic mode controls the opening, closing and opening of the thermostat valve according to a set temperature, and the manual mode opens and closes the valve and sets an opening time.
10. The system of claim 9, wherein after the temperature control valve is manually closed, if the room temperature is decreased to a predetermined temperature t, the temperature controller opens the temperature control valve of the end user, and when the room temperature is higher than the predetermined temperature, the temperature controller closes the temperature control valve of the end user.
11. The system of claim 1, wherein a user temperature adjustment range is set in the thermostat, a user sets an indoor temperature t within a specified temperature range according to his or her own needs, the thermostat calculates an indoor temperature t1 at which a valve is closed or closed and an indoor temperature t2 at which a valve is opened or opened according to the user temperature setting, the thermostat issues a command to close or close the thermo-valve of an end user when the indoor temperature reaches t1, and the thermostat immediately opens or opens the thermo-valve of an end user when the indoor temperature rises to t 2.
12. The control system of claim 1, wherein the end temperature control valve is open, small open, or closed.
13. The system of claim 1, wherein a user temperature adjustment range is set in the thermostat, the user sets an indoor temperature within a predetermined temperature range according to his or her own needs, the thermostat calculates an indoor temperature t0 at which the thermostat valve is closed or operated at a small opening degree, an indoor temperature t1 at which the thermostat valve is opened, and an indoor temperature t2 at which the thermostat valve is opened according to the user temperature setting, the indoor temperature t1 is higher than the indoor temperature t2, the thermostat gives a command to close or close the thermostat valve of the end user when the indoor temperature reaches the indoor temperature t0 at which the thermostat valve is closed or operated at a small opening degree, the thermostat opens the thermostat valve of the end user immediately if the indoor temperature falls to the indoor temperature t1 within a predetermined time, and the thermostat opens the thermostat valve of the end user when the indoor temperature falls to the indoor temperature t2 outside the predetermined time.
14. The control system of claim 1, wherein the reference frequency of the secondary-network variable-frequency circulating water pump is set according to outdoor meteorological parameters provided by the climate compensator, the climate compensator adjusts the opening degree of the electric control valve according to the set secondary-network water supply temperature to ensure that the secondary-network water supply temperature meets requirements, and the electric control valve is arranged on a water supply pipe of the primary network.
15. A control system based on minimum hydraulic power failure scheduling is applied to an air conditioning system and comprises hydraulic power working condition analysis software, an upper computer (1), a PLC (programmable logic controller) 2, a frequency converter (3), a temperature controller (12), a terminal user temperature control valve (13), a pressure gauge (6), a thermometer (7), a flow meter (8), a field instrument (9), an electric regulating valve (10), a terminal user (15), a refrigerating unit (17), a variable-frequency circulating water pump (18), a cooling tower (20), a water distributor (21), a water collector (22) and an outdoor temperature and humidity sensor (23), wherein the variable-frequency circulating water pump is installed on a user side water return main pipe in a heat exchange station.
16. The system according to claim 15, wherein the calculating of the hydraulic power loss scheduling of the most stable user when the thermostat valves of any n users are closed or shut down includes selecting a minimum value of the hydraulic power loss scheduling of the most stable user as the minimum hydraulic power loss scheduling, and specifically includes: sequentially solving the hydraulic power failure rate of the most stable user when each user of the system closes or closes the temperature control valve, sequencing the users closing or closing the temperature control valve according to the hydraulic power failure rate of the most stable user from small to large, then closing or closing the temperature control valve of the first user and calculating the hydraulic power failure rate of the most stable user to be used as the minimum hydraulic power failure rate when one user temperature control valve is closed or closed; respectively closing or closing the temperature control valves of the rest users, calculating the hydraulic power dispatching loss of the most stable user and selecting the minimum hydraulic power dispatching loss as the minimum hydraulic power dispatching loss when the two user temperature control valves are closed or closed; and by analogy, the minimum hydraulic power dispatching loss when the temperature control valves of the n users are closed or shut down is obtained.
17. The control system according to claim 15, wherein the hydraulic power outage schedule of the most stable users corresponding to the number of users to be turned off can be obtained by analyzing the hydraulic conditions of the air conditioning system, and the operating frequency and the number of operating units of the variable frequency circulating water pump are calculated by adjusting the hydraulic power outage schedule of the most stable users to 1, so as to establish the corresponding operating modes of the heating and air conditioning system.
18. The control system based on minimum hydraulic power failure dispatching of claim 15, wherein the operation mode can be adjusted according to the operation frequency of the variable frequency circulating water pump or the number of the end user temperature control valve state changes within a certain time after the number of the variable frequency circulating water pumps is adjusted in the operation process, wherein the number of the end user temperature control valve state changes is larger than a certain proportion.
19. The minimum hydraulic power loss control system according to claim 15, wherein the operation mode is adjusted according to a ratio of the number of users whose temperature fed back by the end user thermostat is not within a corresponding range during operation.
20. The control system according to claim 15, wherein during operation, the amount of cooling required at the end is calculated according to the total flow of chilled water and the chilled water supply and return water temperature fed back by the sensor, and compared with the amount of cooling of the chiller, if the amount of cooling of the chiller is greater than the amount of cooling required at the end, the chiller is unloaded or shut down, and if the amount of cooling of the chiller is less than the amount of cooling required at the end, the chiller is loaded or started.
21. The minimum hydraulic power loss control system according to claim 15, wherein the bypass valve between the water collecting and distributing devices is opened when the chilled water amount of the water chilling unit is less than the minimum water amount, and the bypass valve between the water collecting and distributing devices is closed when the chilled water amount is greater than a certain flow amount.
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