CN114076006A - Generating set intelligence opens and stops system based on APS controller - Google Patents
Generating set intelligence opens and stops system based on APS controller Download PDFInfo
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- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 112
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 82
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 61
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 61
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
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- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims description 62
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000010687 lubricating oil Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 12
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 abstract description 10
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
- F01K13/00—General layout or general methods of operation of complete plants
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
- F01D15/00—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of engines with devices driven thereby
- F01D15/10—Adaptations for driving, or combinations with, electric generators
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
- F01K13/00—General layout or general methods of operation of complete plants
- F01K13/02—Controlling, e.g. stopping or starting
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02C—GAS-TURBINE PLANTS; AIR INTAKES FOR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS; CONTROLLING FUEL SUPPLY IN AIR-BREATHING JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
- F02C6/00—Plural gas-turbine plants; Combinations of gas-turbine plants with other apparatus; Adaptations of gas- turbine plants for special use
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02C—GAS-TURBINE PLANTS; AIR INTAKES FOR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS; CONTROLLING FUEL SUPPLY IN AIR-BREATHING JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
- F02C6/00—Plural gas-turbine plants; Combinations of gas-turbine plants with other apparatus; Adaptations of gas- turbine plants for special use
- F02C6/18—Plural gas-turbine plants; Combinations of gas-turbine plants with other apparatus; Adaptations of gas- turbine plants for special use using the waste heat of gas-turbine plants outside the plants themselves, e.g. gas-turbine power heat plants
Abstract
The invention relates to an intelligent generator set starting and stopping system based on an APS controller, which comprises an initialization unit, an automatic starting unit and an automatic stopping unit, wherein the initialization unit is used for initializing the automatic starting unit; the automatic starting unit comprises an auxiliary starting module, a boiler water injection module and a unit starting module; the automatic shutdown unit comprises a load reduction module, a unit shutdown module and an auxiliary shutdown module. The starting of the generator set is completed by arranging the set starting module, the generator set is started step by the set starting module through the rotating speed of the gas turbine, the flue gas temperature of the gas turbine, the steam flow of the waste heat boiler and the rotating speed of the steam turbine, and the generator set is stopped step by the set stopping module through the flue gas flow of the gas turbine and the temperature of water in the waste heat boiler, so that the generator set keeps higher efficiency in the starting and stopping processes to generate electricity, the utilization rate of resources is improved, the waste of energy is reduced, and the service life of the generator set is prolonged.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of automatic control of a gas-steam combined cycle unit, in particular to an intelligent start-stop system of a generator set based on an APS controller.
Background
The energy power industry is constantly changing, the demand for solving the environmental problem and the sustainability challenge is higher and higher, and new energy such as wind power, photovoltaic and the like brings huge challenge to the power generation of the gas turbine at lower cost. How to realize the application of multi-energy complementation and new technology by means of the stability characteristics of the gas turbine is the direction worthy of research at present. Among them, heavy gas turbines are gradually decreasing in demand due to the effects of excess capacity and reduced cost of renewable energy. However, many areas in China are converting coal thermal power or nuclear power into natural gas power, and the flexibility and reliability of gas turbines are also more widely regarded in various areas around the world. Gas turbines are also gradually moving towards the renewable energy power generation market, exerting their good peak shaving effect.
An Automatic Start-up and Shut-down System (APS) of a gas-steam combined cycle unit is a System for controlling the unit to automatically Start and stop, adopts an advanced control strategy, can replace operators to automatically judge the working condition of the unit, selects a corresponding program to perform corresponding operation, automatically adjusts the parameters of the unit according to a designed operation curve, obviously lightens the work load of the operators of the generator unit, greatly reduces the possibility of misoperation of the operators, simultaneously improves the safety and the economic benefit of the unit operation, has extremely important significance for improving the automation level of a power Plant and even a power grid, but in the existing APS of the generator unit, because of lacking of the intelligent control means for automatically controlling the gradual Start-up or stop, causes a great amount of energy waste in the process of the Start-up or stop of the generator unit, due to insufficient control of starting time nodes of all parts, the generator set is easy to damage, maintenance cost is increased and the like.
Disclosure of Invention
Therefore, the invention provides an intelligent generator set starting and stopping system based on an APS controller, which is used for solving the problem of large energy waste caused in the starting or stopping process of a generator set in the prior art.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides an intelligent start/stop system for a generator set based on an APS controller, comprising,
an automatic starting unit and an automatic stopping unit; the automatic starting unit comprises an auxiliary starting module, a boiler water injection module and a unit starting module; the automatic shutdown unit comprises a load reduction module, a unit shutdown module and an auxiliary shutdown module;
the generator set comprises a gas turbine, a waste heat boiler and a steam turbine;
the unit starting module is respectively connected with the gas turbine, the waste heat boiler and the steam turbine and is used for controlling the working state of each part;
the unit starting module comprises a gas rotating speed detection device for detecting the rotating speed of the gas turbine; the gas temperature detection device is used for detecting the temperature of the flue gas generated by the gas turbine, and the steam flow detection device is used for detecting the steam flow generated by the waste heat boiler; a steam rotational speed detection device for detecting a rotational speed of the steam turbine;
the unit starting module controls the gas turbine to start, the gas rotating speed detection device detects the rotating speed of the gas turbine, the gas temperature detection device detects the temperature of flue gas generated by the gas turbine, and the unit starting module judges to start the waste heat boiler according to the rotating speed and the temperature of the flue gas of the gas turbine; the steam flow detection device detects the steam flow generated by the waste heat boiler, the unit starting module controls the steam turbine to start according to the steam flow judgment, the steam rotating speed detection device detects the rotating speed of the steam turbine, and the unit starting module controls the steam flow generated by the waste heat boiler according to the rotating speed of the steam turbine to finish the starting of the generator set;
the unit shutdown module is respectively connected with the gas turbine, the waste heat boiler and the steam turbine and used for controlling the working state of each part;
the unit shutdown module comprises a gas flow detection device for detecting the flow of the flue gas generated by the gas turbine; and the water temperature detection device is used for detecting the temperature of the water in the waste heat boiler.
The unit shutdown module controls the gas turbine to be shut down, the gas flow detection device detects the flue gas flow generated by the gas turbine, the unit shutdown module judges to close the waste heat boiler according to the flue gas flow, the water temperature detection device detects the temperature of water in the waste heat boiler, and the unit shutdown module judges to close the steam turbine according to the temperature of the water in the waste heat boiler to finish the shutdown of the generator set.
Furthermore, a boiler starting rotating speed Vq is arranged in the unit starting module, the unit starting module controls the gas turbine to be started, the gas rotating speed detection device detects the real-time rotating speed Vs of the gas turbine, the unit starting module compares the real-time rotating speed Vs with the boiler starting rotating speed Vq,
when Vs is smaller than Vq, the unit starting module judges that the waste heat boiler does not meet the starting standard, and the unit starting module carries out starting judgment on the waste heat boiler according to the temperature of the flue gas generated by the gas turbine detected by the gas temperature detection device;
and when Vs is larger than or equal to Vq, the unit starting module judges that the waste heat boiler reaches the starting standard, and the unit starting module starts the waste heat boiler.
Further, a boiler starting flue gas temperature Tq is arranged in the unit starting module, when the unit starting module judges that the waste heat boiler does not reach the starting standard, the gas temperature detection device detects the real-time temperature Ts of the flue gas generated by the gas turbine, the unit starting module compares the real-time temperature Ts of the flue gas with the boiler starting flue gas temperature Tq,
when Ts is less than Tq, the unit starting module judges that the waste heat boiler does not meet the starting standard and does not start the waste heat boiler;
and when Ts is more than or equal to Tq, the unit starting module judges that the waste heat boiler reaches the starting standard, and the unit starting module starts the waste heat boiler.
Furthermore, a first preset starting flow L1 and a second preset starting flow L2 are arranged in the unit starting module, L1 is less than L2, after the waste heat boiler is started, the steam flow detection device detects a real-time flow Ls of steam generated by the waste heat boiler, the unit starting module compares the real-time flow Ls of the steam with the first preset starting flow L1 and the second preset starting flow L2,
when Ls is less than L1, the unit starting module judges that the steam turbine does not meet the starting standard and does not start the steam turbine;
when Ls is more than or equal to L1 and less than L2, the unit starting module judges that the steam turbine reaches the starting standard, and the unit starting module starts the steam turbine;
when Ls is larger than or equal to L2, the unit starting module judges that the steam turbine exceeds the starting standard, the unit starting module starts the steam turbine, the steam rotating speed detection device detects the rotating speed of the steam turbine, and the unit starting module adjusts the steam flow of the waste heat boiler according to the rotating speed of the steam turbine.
Furthermore, the set starting module is internally provided with a standard rotating speed Vb and a standard rotating speed difference delta Vb of the steam turbine, when the set starting module judges that the steam turbine exceeds the starting standard, the steam rotating speed detection device detects the real-time rotating speed Vt of the steam turbine, the set starting module calculates the real-time rotating speed difference delta Vt of the steam turbine according to the standard rotating speed Vb of the steam turbine and the real-time rotating speed Vt of the steam turbine, the delta Vt is | Vb-Vt |, and the set starting module compares the real-time rotating speed difference delta Vt of the steam turbine with the standard rotating speed difference delta Vb,
when delta Vt is less than or equal to delta Vb, the unit starting module judges that the real-time rotating speed of the steam turbine is within a standard rotating speed range, and the steam flow of the waste heat boiler is not adjusted;
and when delta Vt is larger than delta Vb, the unit starting module judges that the real-time rotating speed of the steam turbine is not in the standard rotating speed range, and the unit starting module compares the real-time rotating speed Vt of the steam turbine with the standard rotating speed Vb to adjust the steam flow of the waste heat boiler.
Further, when the unit starting module judges that the real-time rotating speed of the steam turbine is not in the standard rotating speed range, the unit starting module compares the real-time rotating speed Vt of the steam turbine with the standard rotating speed Vb,
when Vt is less than Vb, the unit starting module judges that the real-time rotating speed of the steam turbine does not reach the standard rotating speed, the unit starting module stops starting the steam turbine, the steam flow detection device detects the real-time flow Ls 'of steam generated by the waste heat boiler, and the unit starting module restarts the steam turbine until Ls' is greater than L1;
when Vt is larger than Vb, the unit starting module adjusts the steam flow generated by the waste heat boiler to be Ls × [1- (Vt-Vb)/Vb ], and the unit starting module finishes starting the generator set.
Furthermore, a shutdown flue gas flow Le and a shutdown water temperature Te are arranged in the unit shutdown module, when the gas turbine is closed by the unit shutdown module, the real-time flue gas flow Lr generated by the gas turbine is detected by the gas flow detection device, the real-time flue gas flow Lr is compared with the shutdown flue gas flow Le by the unit shutdown module,
when Lr is larger than or equal to Le, the unit shutdown module judges that the real-time flow of the flue gas does not reach the shutdown standard, and the waste heat boiler is not closed;
when Lr is less than Le, the unit shutdown module judges that the real-time flow of the flue gas reaches a shutdown standard, and the waste heat boiler is closed;
when the waste heat boiler is closed, the water temperature detection device detects the real-time water temperature Tr in the waste heat boiler, the unit shutdown module compares the real-time water temperature Tr in the waste heat boiler with the shutdown water temperature Te,
when Tr is larger than Te, the unit shutdown module judges that the real-time water temperature in the waste heat boiler does not reach the shutdown standard, and does not close the steam turbine;
and when the Tr is less than or equal to the Te, the unit shutdown module judges that the real-time water temperature in the waste heat boiler reaches a shutdown standard, the steam turbine is closed, and the unit shutdown module finishes shutdown of the generator set.
Furthermore, the intelligent start-stop system also comprises an initialization unit, wherein the initialization unit comprises a chemical water treatment module, an air module for instruments and a hydrogen module.
Further, the auxiliary starting module comprises an auxiliary steam device, a demineralized water device, a circulating water pump device, an open water device, a closed water device, a public device, a steam engine lubricating oil device, an EH oil device, a turning gear device and a condensed water device; the boiler water injection module comprises a low-pressure steam drum water injection device and a high-medium-pressure steam drum water injection device.
Furthermore, the load reduction module comprises a boiler drainage device, a steam turbine bypass device, a steam turbine drainage device and an auxiliary steam seal steam supply device; the auxiliary shutdown module comprises a vacuum shutdown device, a public shutdown device and a condensed water shutdown device.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that the generator set is started by arranging the generator set starting module, the generator set is started step by the generator set starting module through the rotating speed of the gas turbine, the flue gas temperature of the gas turbine, the steam flow of the waste heat boiler and the rotating speed of the steam turbine, and the generator set is stopped step by the generator set stopping module through the flue gas flow of the gas turbine and the temperature of water in the waste heat boiler, so that the generator set can generate electricity with higher efficiency in the starting and stopping processes, the resource utilization rate is improved, the energy waste is reduced, and the service life of the generator set is prolonged.
Especially, the unit start module is through detecting gas turbine's real-time rotational speed, as the initial condition that exhaust-heat boiler started, can drive exhaust-heat boiler at gas turbine in period of higher efficiency and start, has reduced the consumption of the start-up energy, and when gas turbine's real-time rotational speed unsatisfied exhaust-heat boiler start-up condition, through the temperature that detects the high temperature flue gas that gas turbine produced, as exhaust-heat boiler's start-up condition, less the calorific loss of high temperature flue gas, further improvement the conversion efficiency of the energy.
Further, through be equipped with first preset starting flow, the preset starting flow of second in the unit start-up module, will exhaust-heat boiler produces the steam flow and carries out classification operation, when the flow is lower, does not start steam turbine, the less energy that consumes when starting, when the flow reaches the start standard within range, starts steam turbine, steam turbine work through gas turbine's surplus heat, when the flow surpassed the start standard within range, through detecting steam turbine's real-time rotational speed is right exhaust-heat boiler's steam flow adjusts, maintains steam turbine rotational speed stable, has ensured the normal operating of system.
Furthermore, the steam flow of the waste heat boiler is adjusted according to the real-time rotating speed Vt and the standard rotating speed Vb of the steam turbine, the flow interval which does not need to be adjusted is determined, unnecessary adjusting processes are reduced, adjusting efficiency is improved, meanwhile, when the steam flow of the waste heat boiler is high, the flow is reduced, the stability of steam circulation is guaranteed, and meanwhile, the stability of the steam turbine is improved.
Particularly, a shutdown smoke gas flow and a shutdown water temperature are arranged in the unit shutdown module, a real-time smoke gas flow generated by the gas turbine and a real-time water temperature in the waste heat boiler are detected, the waste heat boiler and the steam turbine are controlled to be closed, the residual flow in the unit can be used for continuous operation in the process of closing the generator set, the utilization rate of energy is improved, the step-by-step shutdown in the generator set is guaranteed, and the service life of the generator set is prolonged.
Furthermore, the invention has clear structure, convenient operation, perfect functions, and simultaneously ensures the safety and stability of the unit, designs a proper sequence control flow aiming at the hot starting process, provides a new thought aiming at the key starting of the unit system, and sets breakpoints, and particularly designs an APS controller for realizing the functions of breakpoint, jumping, input, cutting, fault alarm, recovery and the like of the APS system, and simultaneously arranges a chemical water treatment device, an air device for instrument and a hydrogen device in the APS system for ensuring the functional perfection of the APS The water drainage is automatic, the coordination control is automatic, and the method is suitable for various gas-steam combined cycle generator sets.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an intelligent generator set start-stop system based on an APS controller.
Detailed Description
In order that the objects and advantages of the invention will be more clearly understood, the invention is further described below with reference to examples; it should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
Preferred embodiments of the present invention are described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that these embodiments are only for explaining the technical principle of the present invention, and do not limit the scope of the present invention.
It should be noted that in the description of the present invention, the terms of direction or positional relationship indicated by the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "inner", "outer", etc. are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the drawings, which are only for convenience of description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed in a specific orientation, and be operated, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
Furthermore, it should be noted that, in the description of the present invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.
Referring to fig. 1, which is a schematic structural diagram of an APS controller-based generator set intelligent start-stop system of the present invention, the present invention discloses an APS controller-based generator set intelligent start-stop system, which includes an intelligent start-stop system 1, an automatic start unit 2, an automatic stop unit 3, an auxiliary start module 4, a boiler water injection module 5, a unit start module 6, a load reduction module 7, a unit shutdown module 8, and an auxiliary shutdown module 9, wherein,
the automatic starting unit 2 comprises an auxiliary starting module 4, a boiler water injection module 5 and a unit starting module 6; the automatic shutdown unit 3 comprises a load reduction module 7, a unit shutdown module 8 and an auxiliary shutdown module 9;
the generator set comprises a gas turbine, a waste heat boiler and a steam turbine;
the unit starting module 6 is respectively connected with the gas turbine, the waste heat boiler and the steam turbine and is used for controlling the working states of all the parts;
the unit starting module 6 comprises a gas rotating speed detection device for detecting the rotating speed of the gas turbine; the gas temperature detection device is used for detecting the temperature of the flue gas generated by the gas turbine, and the steam flow detection device is used for detecting the steam flow generated by the waste heat boiler; a steam rotational speed detection device for detecting a rotational speed of the steam turbine;
the unit starting module 6 controls the gas turbine to start, the gas rotating speed detection device detects the rotating speed of the gas turbine, the gas temperature detection device detects the temperature of the flue gas generated by the gas turbine, and the unit starting module 6 judges to start the waste heat boiler according to the rotating speed and the temperature of the flue gas of the gas turbine; the steam flow detection device detects the steam flow generated by the waste heat boiler, the unit starting module 6 controls the steam turbine to start according to the steam flow judgment, the steam rotating speed detection device detects the rotating speed of the steam turbine, and the unit starting module 6 controls the steam flow generated by the waste heat boiler according to the rotating speed of the steam turbine to finish the starting of the generator set;
the unit shutdown module 8 is respectively connected with the gas turbine, the waste heat boiler and the steam turbine and used for controlling the working states of all the parts;
the unit shutdown module 8 comprises a gas flow detection device for detecting the flow of flue gas generated by the gas turbine; and the water temperature detection device is used for detecting the temperature of the water in the waste heat boiler.
The unit shutdown module 8 controls the gas turbine to be shut down, the gas flow detection device detects the flue gas flow generated by the gas turbine, the unit shutdown module 8 judges to close the waste heat boiler according to the flue gas flow, the water temperature detection device detects the temperature of water in the waste heat boiler, and the unit shutdown module 8 judges to close the steam turbine according to the temperature of the water in the waste heat boiler to complete the shutdown of the generator set.
The starting of the generator set is completed by arranging the set starting module 6, the set starting module 6 starts the generator set step by step through the rotating speed of the gas turbine, the smoke temperature of the gas turbine, the steam flow of the waste heat boiler and the rotating speed of the steam turbine, the set stopping module 8 stops the generator set step by step through the smoke flow of the gas turbine and the temperature of water in the waste heat boiler, the generator set is enabled to keep high efficiency in the starting and stopping processes to generate electricity, the resource utilization rate is improved, the energy waste is reduced, and meanwhile, the service life of the generator set is prolonged.
Specifically, a boiler starting rotation speed Vq is arranged in the unit starting module 6, the unit starting module 6 controls the gas turbine to start, the gas rotation speed detection device detects the real-time rotation speed Vs of the gas turbine, the unit starting module 6 compares the real-time rotation speed Vs with the boiler starting rotation speed Vq,
when Vs is less than Vq, the unit starting module 6 judges that the waste heat boiler does not meet the starting standard, and the unit starting module 6 carries out starting judgment on the waste heat boiler according to the temperature of the flue gas generated by the gas turbine detected by the gas temperature detection device;
when Vs is larger than or equal to Vq, the unit starting module 6 judges that the waste heat boiler reaches the starting standard, and the unit starting module 6 starts the waste heat boiler.
Specifically, a boiler starting flue gas temperature Tq is arranged in the unit starting module 6, when the unit starting module 6 judges that the waste heat boiler does not reach the starting standard, the gas temperature detection device detects the real-time temperature Ts of the flue gas generated by the gas turbine, the unit starting module 6 compares the real-time temperature Ts of the flue gas with the boiler starting flue gas temperature Tq,
when Ts is less than Tq, the unit starting module 6 judges that the waste heat boiler does not meet the starting standard and does not start the waste heat boiler;
and when Ts is more than or equal to Tq, the unit starting module 6 judges that the waste heat boiler reaches the starting standard, and the unit starting module 6 starts the waste heat boiler.
The unit starting module 6 is through detecting gas turbine's real-time rotational speed, as the initial condition that exhaust-heat boiler started, can drive exhaust-heat boiler at gas turbine in the period of higher efficiency and start, reduced the consumption of the start-up energy, when exhaust-heat boiler starting condition is unsatisfied to gas turbine's real-time rotational speed simultaneously, through the temperature that detects the high temperature flue gas that gas turbine produced, as exhaust-heat boiler's starting condition, less the calorific loss of high temperature flue gas, further improvement the conversion efficiency of the energy.
Specifically, a first preset starting flow L1 and a second preset starting flow L2 are arranged in the unit starting module 6, L1 is smaller than L2, after the waste heat boiler is started, the steam flow detection device detects a real-time flow Ls of steam generated by the waste heat boiler, the unit starting module 6 compares the real-time flow Ls of the steam with the first preset starting flow L1 and the second preset starting flow L2,
when Ls is less than L1, the unit starting module 6 judges that the steam turbine does not meet the starting standard and does not start the steam turbine;
when Ls is more than or equal to L1 and less than L2, the unit starting module 6 judges that the steam turbine reaches the starting standard, and the unit starting module 6 starts the steam turbine;
when Ls is larger than or equal to L2, the unit starting module 6 judges that the steam turbine exceeds the starting standard, the unit starting module 6 starts the steam turbine, the steam rotating speed detection device detects the rotating speed of the steam turbine, and the unit starting module 6 adjusts the steam flow of the waste heat boiler according to the rotating speed of the steam turbine.
Through be equipped with first preset starting flow, the preset starting flow of second in the unit starting module 6, will the steam flow that exhaust-heat boiler produced carries out classification operation, when the flow is lower, does not start steam turbine, the less energy that consumes when starting, when flow reaches the start standard within range, starts steam turbine, steam turbine carry out work through gas turbine's surplus heat, when flow surpassed the start standard within range, through detecting steam turbine's real-time rotational speed is right exhaust-heat boiler's steam flow adjusts, maintains steam turbine rotational speed stable, has ensured the normal operating of system.
Specifically, the set starting module 6 is provided with the standard rotating speed Vb and the standard rotating speed difference Δ Vb of the steam turbine, when the set starting module 6 determines that the steam turbine exceeds the starting standard, the steam rotating speed detection device detects the real-time rotating speed Vt of the steam turbine, the set starting module 6 calculates the real-time rotating speed difference Δ Vt of the steam turbine according to the standard rotating speed Vb of the steam turbine and the real-time rotating speed Vt of the steam turbine, where Δ Vt is | Vb-Vt |, and the set starting module 6 compares the real-time rotating speed difference Δ Vt of the steam turbine with the standard rotating speed difference Δ Vb,
when delta Vt is less than or equal to delta Vb, the unit starting module 6 judges that the real-time rotating speed of the steam turbine is within a standard rotating speed range, and the steam flow of the waste heat boiler is not adjusted;
when delta Vt is larger than delta Vb, the unit starting module 6 judges that the real-time rotating speed of the steam turbine is not in the standard rotating speed range, and the unit starting module 6 compares the real-time rotating speed Vt of the steam turbine with the standard rotating speed Vb to adjust the steam flow of the waste heat boiler.
Specifically, when the unit starting module 6 determines that the real-time rotating speed of the steam turbine is not in the standard rotating speed range, the unit starting module 6 compares the real-time rotating speed Vt of the steam turbine with the standard rotating speed Vb,
when Vt is less than Vb, the unit starting module 6 judges that the real-time rotating speed of the steam turbine does not reach the standard rotating speed, the unit starting module 6 stops starting the steam turbine, the steam flow detection device detects the real-time flow Ls 'of steam generated by the waste heat boiler, and the unit starting module 6 restarts the steam turbine until Ls' is greater than L1;
when Vt is larger than Vb, the unit starting module 6 adjusts the steam flow generated by the waste heat boiler to be Ls × [1- (Vt-Vb)/Vb ], and the unit starting module 6 finishes starting the generator set.
The steam flow of the waste heat boiler is adjusted according to the real-time rotating speed Vt and the standard rotating speed Vb of the steam turbine, the flow interval which does not need to be adjusted is determined, unnecessary adjusting processes are reduced, adjusting efficiency is improved, meanwhile, when the steam flow of the waste heat boiler is high, the flow is reduced, the stability of steam circulation is guaranteed, and meanwhile, the stability of the steam turbine is also improved.
Specifically, a shutdown flue gas flow Le and a shutdown water temperature Te are arranged in the unit shutdown module 8, when the gas turbine is shut down by the unit shutdown module 8, the real-time flue gas flow Lr generated by the gas turbine is detected by the gas flow detection device, the real-time flue gas flow Lr is compared with the shutdown flue gas flow Le by the unit shutdown module 8,
when Lr is larger than or equal to Le, the unit shutdown module 8 judges that the real-time flow of the flue gas does not reach the shutdown standard, and does not close the waste heat boiler;
when Lr is less than Le, the unit shutdown module 8 judges that the real-time flow of the flue gas reaches a shutdown standard, and the waste heat boiler is closed;
when the waste heat boiler is closed, the water temperature detection device detects the real-time water temperature Tr in the waste heat boiler, the unit shutdown module 8 compares the real-time water temperature Tr in the waste heat boiler with the shutdown water temperature Te,
when Tr is larger than Te, the unit shutdown module 8 judges that the real-time water temperature in the waste heat boiler does not reach the shutdown standard, and does not close the steam turbine;
and when the Tr is less than or equal to the Te, the unit shutdown module 8 judges that the real-time water temperature in the waste heat boiler reaches a shutdown standard, the steam turbine is closed, and the unit shutdown module 8 finishes shutdown of the generator set.
Through be equipped with in the unit outage module 8 and shut down flue gas flow, shut down the temperature to detect the real-time flow of flue gas that gas turbine produced and the interior real-time temperature degree of exhaust-heat boiler, control is closed exhaust-heat boiler with steam turbine can the in-process that generating set closed utilizes the inside residual flow of unit to last the function, has both improved the utilization ratio of the energy, has ensured generating set inside outage step by step again, has improved generating set's life.
Specifically, the intelligent start-stop system further comprises an initialization unit, wherein the initialization unit comprises a chemical water treatment module, an air module for instruments and a hydrogen module.
Specifically, the auxiliary starting module 4 comprises an auxiliary steam device, a demineralized water device, a circulating water pump device, an open water device, a closed water device, a public device, a turbine lubricating oil device, an EH oil device, a turning gear device and a condensed water device; the boiler water injection module 5 comprises a low-pressure steam drum water injection device and a high-medium-pressure steam drum water injection device.
Specifically, the load reduction module 7 comprises a boiler drainage device, a steam turbine bypass device, a steam turbine drainage device and an auxiliary steam seal steam supply device; the auxiliary shutdown module 9 comprises a vacuum shutdown device, a public shutdown device and a condensed water shutdown device.
The invention has clear structure, convenient operation, perfect functions, simultaneously ensuring the safety and stability of the unit, designing a proper sequence control flow aiming at the hot starting process, providing a new thought aiming at the key starting of the unit system and setting the breakpoints, particularly designing an APS controller for realizing the functions of the APS system such as the breakpoints, jumping, input, cutting, fault alarming, recovery and the like, simultaneously arranging a chemical water treatment device, an air device for instruments and a hydrogen device in the APS system for ensuring the functional perfection of the APS, and on the whole, the intelligent starting and stopping system can also realize the system check before starting and stopping, the key starting of the unit system, the excitation input of a generator of a steam turbine, the high-middle-low pressure bypass automatic control of a steam turbine and a boiler, the requirement of the automatic control of the load rising of the unit, not only finishing the sequential control of each device, but also realizing the automatic water feeding and drainage at the boiler side, the automatic input of the coordination control is suitable for various gas-steam combined cycle generator sets.
So far, the technical solutions of the present invention have been described in connection with the preferred embodiments shown in the drawings, but it is easily understood by those skilled in the art that the scope of the present invention is obviously not limited to these specific embodiments. Equivalent changes or substitutions of related technical features can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the principle of the invention, and the technical scheme after the changes or substitutions can fall into the protection scope of the invention.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention; various modifications and alterations to this invention will become apparent to those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. An intelligent generator set starting and stopping system based on an APS controller is characterized by comprising an automatic starting unit and an automatic stopping unit; the automatic starting unit comprises an auxiliary starting module, a boiler water injection module and a unit starting module; the automatic shutdown unit comprises a load reduction module, a unit shutdown module and an auxiliary shutdown module;
the generator set comprises a gas turbine, a waste heat boiler and a steam turbine;
the unit starting module is respectively connected with the gas turbine, the waste heat boiler and the steam turbine and is used for controlling the working state of each part;
the unit starting module comprises a gas rotating speed detection device for detecting the rotating speed of the gas turbine; the gas temperature detection device is used for detecting the temperature of the flue gas generated by the gas turbine, and the steam flow detection device is used for detecting the steam flow generated by the waste heat boiler; a steam rotational speed detection device for detecting a rotational speed of the steam turbine;
the unit starting module controls the gas turbine to start, the gas rotating speed detection device detects the rotating speed of the gas turbine, the gas temperature detection device detects the temperature of flue gas generated by the gas turbine, and the unit starting module judges to start the waste heat boiler according to the rotating speed and the temperature of the flue gas of the gas turbine; the steam flow detection device detects the steam flow generated by the waste heat boiler, the unit starting module controls the steam turbine to start according to the steam flow judgment, the steam rotating speed detection device detects the rotating speed of the steam turbine, and the unit starting module controls the steam flow generated by the waste heat boiler according to the rotating speed of the steam turbine to finish the starting of the generator set;
the unit shutdown module is respectively connected with the gas turbine, the waste heat boiler and the steam turbine and used for controlling the working state of each part;
the unit shutdown module comprises a gas flow detection device for detecting the flow of the flue gas generated by the gas turbine; and the water temperature detection device is used for detecting the temperature of the water in the waste heat boiler.
The unit shutdown module controls the gas turbine to be shut down, the gas flow detection device detects the flue gas flow generated by the gas turbine, the unit shutdown module judges to close the waste heat boiler according to the flue gas flow, the water temperature detection device detects the temperature of water in the waste heat boiler, and the unit shutdown module judges to close the steam turbine according to the temperature of the water in the waste heat boiler to finish the shutdown of the generator set.
2. The APS controller-based intelligent generator set starting and stopping system according to claim 1, wherein a boiler starting rotating speed Vq is arranged in the set starting module, the set starting module controls the gas turbine to start, the gas rotating speed detection device detects a real-time rotating speed Vs of the gas turbine, the set starting module compares the real-time rotating speed Vs with the boiler starting rotating speed Vq,
when Vs is smaller than Vq, the unit starting module judges that the waste heat boiler does not meet the starting standard, and the unit starting module carries out starting judgment on the waste heat boiler according to the temperature of the flue gas generated by the gas turbine detected by the gas temperature detection device;
and when Vs is larger than or equal to Vq, the unit starting module judges that the waste heat boiler reaches the starting standard, and the unit starting module starts the waste heat boiler.
3. The APS controller-based intelligent generator set starting and stopping system according to claim 2, wherein a boiler starting flue gas temperature Tq is arranged in the set starting module, when the set starting module determines that the waste heat boiler does not meet the starting standard, the gas temperature detection device detects the real-time temperature Ts of the flue gas generated by the gas turbine, the set starting module compares the real-time temperature Ts of the flue gas with the boiler starting flue gas temperature Tq,
when Ts is less than Tq, the unit starting module judges that the waste heat boiler does not meet the starting standard and does not start the waste heat boiler;
and when Ts is more than or equal to Tq, the unit starting module judges that the waste heat boiler reaches the starting standard, and the unit starting module starts the waste heat boiler.
4. The APS controller-based intelligent generator set starting and stopping system according to claim 3, wherein a first preset starting flow L1 and a second preset starting flow L2 are arranged in the set starting module, L1 is smaller than L2, after the waste heat boiler is started, the steam flow detection device detects a real-time flow Ls of steam generated by the waste heat boiler, the set starting module compares the real-time flow Ls of the steam with the first preset starting flow L1 and the second preset starting flow L2,
when Ls is less than L1, the unit starting module judges that the steam turbine does not meet the starting standard and does not start the steam turbine;
when Ls is more than or equal to L1 and less than L2, the unit starting module judges that the steam turbine reaches the starting standard, and the unit starting module starts the steam turbine;
when Ls is larger than or equal to L2, the unit starting module judges that the steam turbine exceeds the starting standard, the unit starting module starts the steam turbine, the steam rotating speed detection device detects the rotating speed of the steam turbine, and the unit starting module adjusts the steam flow of the waste heat boiler according to the rotating speed of the steam turbine.
5. The APS controller-based intelligent generator set starting and stopping system according to claim 4, wherein the steam turbine standard rotating speed Vb and the standard rotating speed difference Δ Vb are arranged in the set starting module, when the set starting module determines that the steam turbine exceeds the starting standard, the steam rotating speed detecting device detects the real-time rotating speed Vt of the steam turbine, the set starting module calculates the real-time rotating speed difference Δ Vt of the steam turbine according to the standard rotating speed Vb of the steam turbine and the real-time rotating speed Vt of the steam turbine, the Δ Vt is | Vb-Vt |, and the set starting module compares the real-time rotating speed difference Δ Vt of the steam turbine with the standard rotating speed difference Δ Vb,
when delta Vt is less than or equal to delta Vb, the unit starting module judges that the real-time rotating speed of the steam turbine is within a standard rotating speed range, and the steam flow of the waste heat boiler is not adjusted;
and when delta Vt is larger than delta Vb, the unit starting module judges that the real-time rotating speed of the steam turbine is not in the standard rotating speed range, and the unit starting module compares the real-time rotating speed Vt of the steam turbine with the standard rotating speed Vb to adjust the steam flow of the waste heat boiler.
6. The APS controller-based intelligent generator set starting and stopping system according to claim 5, wherein when the set starting module determines that the real-time rotating speed of the steam turbine is not within the standard rotating speed range, the set starting module compares the real-time rotating speed Vt of the steam turbine with the standard rotating speed Vb,
when Vt is less than Vb, the unit starting module judges that the real-time rotating speed of the steam turbine does not reach the standard rotating speed, the unit starting module stops starting the steam turbine, the steam flow detection device detects the real-time flow Ls 'of steam generated by the waste heat boiler, and the unit starting module restarts the steam turbine until Ls' is greater than L1;
when Vt is larger than Vb, the unit starting module adjusts the steam flow generated by the waste heat boiler to be Ls × [1- (Vt-Vb)/Vb ], and the unit starting module finishes starting the generator set.
7. The APS controller-based intelligent generator set starting and stopping system according to claim 1, wherein a shutdown flue gas flow Le and a shutdown water temperature Te are arranged in the unit shutdown module, when the gas turbine is shut down by the unit shutdown module, the gas flow detection device detects a real-time flue gas flow Lr generated by the gas turbine, the unit shutdown module compares the real-time flue gas flow Lr with the shutdown flue gas flow Le,
when Lr is larger than or equal to Le, the unit shutdown module judges that the real-time flow of the flue gas does not reach the shutdown standard, and the waste heat boiler is not closed;
when Lr is less than Le, the unit shutdown module judges that the real-time flow of the flue gas reaches a shutdown standard, and the waste heat boiler is closed;
when the waste heat boiler is closed, the water temperature detection device detects the real-time water temperature Tr in the waste heat boiler, the unit shutdown module compares the real-time water temperature Tr in the waste heat boiler with the shutdown water temperature Te,
when Tr is larger than Te, the unit shutdown module judges that the real-time water temperature in the waste heat boiler does not reach the shutdown standard, and does not close the steam turbine;
and when the Tr is less than or equal to the Te, the unit shutdown module judges that the real-time water temperature in the waste heat boiler reaches a shutdown standard, the steam turbine is closed, and the unit shutdown module finishes shutdown of the generator set.
8. The APS controller-based intelligent generator set start-stop system according to claim 1, further comprising an initialization unit, wherein the initialization unit comprises a chemical water treatment module, an instrument air module and a hydrogen module.
9. The APS controller-based intelligent generator set starting and stopping system according to claim 1, wherein the auxiliary starting module comprises an auxiliary steam device, a demineralized water device, a circulating water pump device, an open water device, a closed water device, a public device, a turbine lubricating oil device, an EH oil device, a turning gear device and a condensed water device; the boiler water injection module comprises a low-pressure steam drum water injection device and a high-medium-pressure steam drum water injection device.
10. The APS controller-based generator set intelligent start-stop system according to claim 1, wherein the load reduction module comprises a boiler water draining device, a steam turbine bypass device, a steam turbine water draining device and an auxiliary steam seal steam supply device; the auxiliary shutdown module comprises a vacuum shutdown device, a public shutdown device and a condensed water shutdown device.
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