CN114075361A - 一种柔性传感器用透明导电凝胶材料及其制备方法 - Google Patents
一种柔性传感器用透明导电凝胶材料及其制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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- GDOPTJXRTPNYNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N methyl-cyclopentane Natural products CC1CCCC1 GDOPTJXRTPNYNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
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- LCPVQAHEFVXVKT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2,4-difluorophenoxy)pyridin-3-amine Chemical compound NC1=CC=CN=C1OC1=CC=C(F)C=C1F LCPVQAHEFVXVKT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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- C08L33/00—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and only one being terminated by only one carboxyl radical, or of salts, anhydrides, esters, amides, imides or nitriles thereof; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
- C08L33/02—Homopolymers or copolymers of acids; Metal or ammonium salts thereof
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L35/00—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a carboxyl radical, and containing at least one other carboxyl radical in the molecule, or of salts, anhydrides, esters, amides, imides or nitriles thereof; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L2201/00—Properties
- C08L2201/04—Antistatic
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- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L2205/00—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种柔性传感器用透明导电凝胶材料及其制备方法，其将丙烯酸类单体溶解在去离子水中后加入碱性物质中和，再加入纳米纤维素、聚乙烯醇和引发剂后加热搅拌进行反应得到透明导电凝胶材料。本发明中丙烯酸类单体在引发剂及加热作用下聚合形成丙烯酸类聚合物，该丙烯酸类聚合物具有良好的力学性能和生物相容性，其水凝胶具有自主愈合性能，其与纳米纤维素及聚乙烯醇复合使用能够增强材料的力学性能及自愈合性能；此外碱性物质的加入能够使材料形成离子导电凝胶，从而得到可自修复的、具有良好力学性能和电学性能、且呈透明的柔性传感器用透明导线凝胶材料。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种导电凝胶材料及其制备方法，尤其涉及一种柔性传感器用透明导电凝胶材料及其制备方法，属于柔性传感器用功能材料技术领域。
背景技术
聚二甲基硅氧烷(PDMS)具有良好的柔软性和化学惰性，是目前常用的柔性传感器基体材料。但是由于PDMS的机械强度比较弱，非常容易开裂，且开裂后无法进行自修复；同时由于PDMS本身不导电，需要加入炭黑、石墨、和碳纳米管等导电剂，才能形成导电通路使其具有导电性能，但由于上述导电剂一般都为黑色碳材料或者金属，因此无法制备出透明的传感器材料，限制了其在柔性传感器领域的应用。因此如何解决现有的传统柔性传感器用基体材料制备工艺复杂、耗时长，制备成的材料不透明、柔性差且导电性差，成为本领域技术人员当前亟待解决的技术问题。
发明内容
为解决上述技术问题，本发明提供了一种柔性传感器用透明导电凝胶材料及其制备方法，该制备方法简便易操作，且由该制备方法制备所得的导电凝胶拉伸性能和透明性能均较好，且由该材料制备形成的柔性传感器的灵敏度高。
本发明的技术方案是：
本发明公开了一种柔性传感器用透明导电凝胶材料的制备方法，该制备方法主要包括下述步骤：
S1，将30-60重量份丙烯酸类单体溶解在100重量份的去离子水中，室温条件下以100-1000r/min的转速搅拌1-30min至所述丙烯酸类单体完全溶解后，加入1-20重量份的碱性物质进行中和，得到丙烯酸类单体水溶液；
S2，向步骤S1中所得丙烯酸类单体水溶液中加入3-40重量份的纳米纤维素和5-20重量份的聚乙烯醇后，搅拌30min-2h，形成均一稳定的液体；
S3，向步骤S2中所得的液体中加入0.1-10重量份的引发剂后，边搅拌边加热，使反应温度保持在30-100℃且反应时间为30min-2h，至形成凝胶后得到所述柔性传感器用透明导电凝胶材料。
其进一步的技术方案是：
步骤S1中所述丙烯酸类单体为丙烯酸、甲基丙烯酸、顺丁烯二酸酐、甲基丙烯酰氧乙基琥珀酸单酯、甲基丙烯酰氧乙基马来酸单酯、甲基丙烯酰氧乙基偏苯三酸酐、邻苯二甲酸、2-甲基丙烯酰氧乙酯、2-(甲基丙烯酰氧基)乙基六氢邻苯二甲酸单酯、均苯二酐和二甲基丙烯酸羟乙酯中的至少一种。
其进一步的技术方案是：
步骤S1中所述碱性物质为氢氧化锂、氢氧化钠、氢氧化钾、氢氧化镁、氢氧化钙、氨气、氨水、氢氧化锶、氢氧化铍、氢氧化铷、氢氧化铯、碳酸锂、碳酸钠、碳酸钾、碳酸镁、碳酸钙、碳酸氢铵、碳酸锶、碳酸铍、碳酸铷和碳酸铯中的至少一种。
其进一步的技术方案是：
步骤S2中所述纳米纤维素为采用硫酸水解法、盐酸水解法、机械法和TEMPO法中的至少一种，并以木浆和棉花中的至少一种为原料生产所得的纳米纤维素。
其进一步的技术方案是：
步骤S2中所述聚乙烯醇为重均分子量为1000-50000的聚乙烯醇中的至少一种。
其进一步的技术方案是：
步骤S3中所述引发剂为过硫酸铵、过硫酸钠、过硫酸钾、过氧化氢、二价铁盐、亚硫酸氢钠和硫代硫酸铵中的至少一种。
本发明还公开了一种由上述制备方法制备所得的柔性传感器用透明导电凝胶材料，其由包括下述按重量份计的各组分原料制备而成：丙烯酸类单体30-60份、去离子水100份、纳米纤维素3-40份、聚乙烯醇5-20重量份、碱性物质1-20重量份和引发剂0.1-10重量份；其中所述碱性物质为氢氧化锂、氢氧化钠、氢氧化钾、氢氧化镁、氢氧化钙、氨气、氨水、氢氧化锶、氢氧化铍、氢氧化铷、氢氧化铯、碳酸锂、碳酸钠、碳酸钾、碳酸镁、碳酸钙、碳酸氢铵、碳酸锶、碳酸铍、碳酸铷和碳酸铯中的至少一种。
其进一步的技术方案是：
所述丙烯酸类单体为丙烯酸、甲基丙烯酸、顺丁烯二酸酐、甲基丙烯酰氧乙基琥珀酸单酯、甲基丙烯酰氧乙基马来酸单酯、甲基丙烯酰氧乙基偏苯三酸酐、邻苯二甲酸、2-甲基丙烯酰氧乙酯、2-(甲基丙烯酰氧基)乙基六氢邻苯二甲酸单酯、均苯二酐和二甲基丙烯酸羟乙酯中的至少一种。
其进一步的技术方案是：
所述纳米纤维素为采用硫酸水解法、盐酸水解法、机械法和TEMPO法中的至少一种，并以木浆和棉花中的至少一种为原料生产所得的纳米纤维素。
其进一步的技术方案是：
所述聚乙烯醇为重均分子量为1000-50000的聚乙烯醇中的至少一种。
本发明的有益技术效果是：
本发明将丙烯酸类单体溶解在去离子水中至完全溶解后加入碱性物质中和，然后再加入纳米纤维素、聚乙烯醇和引发剂后加热搅拌进行反应得到透明导电凝胶材料。本发明中丙烯酸类单体在引发剂及加热作用下聚合形成丙烯酸类聚合物，该带有羧基官能团的丙烯酸类聚合物是一种水溶性高分子，其具有良好的力学性能和生物相容性，其水凝胶具有自主愈合性能；且与本发明中使用的纳米纤维素及聚乙烯醇进行复合使用，能够增强最终凝胶材料的力学性能及材料自愈合性能；此外在该水凝胶中加入的碱性物质中的离子成分能够形成离子导电凝胶，从而得到可自修复的、具有良好力学性能和电学性能、且呈透明的柔性传感器用透明导线凝胶材料。本发明所述制备方法操作简便，制备所得的凝胶拉伸性好、电学性能佳、透明性好，通过其制成的柔性传感器灵敏度高，解决了许多传统方法制备工序复杂、耗时长、力学性能差、不透明，导电性能差等问题。
具体实施方式
为了能够更清楚了解本发明的技术手段，并可依照说明书的内容予以实施，下面结合具体实施例，对本发明的具体实施方式作进一步详细描述，以下实施例用于说明本发明，但不用来限制本发明的范围。
具体实施例1
组分原料：去离子水100重量份、丙烯酸25重量份、甲基丙烯酸15重量份、纳米纤维素20重量份、重均分子量为8000的聚乙烯醇15重量份、氢氧化钠8重量份、过硫酸铵2.0重量份。
制备方法：将丙烯酸和甲基丙烯酸溶解在去离子水中，室温条件下以100-1000r/min的转速搅拌1-30min至完全溶解后，加入氢氧化钠进行中和，得到丙烯酸类单体水溶液；向所得丙烯酸类单体水溶液中加入纳米纤维素和聚乙烯醇后，搅拌30min-2h，形成均一稳定的液体；向所得的液体中加入过硫酸铵后，边搅拌边加热，使反应温度保持在80℃且反应时间为1.5h，至形成凝胶后得到所述柔性传感器用透明导电凝胶材料。
具体实施例2
组分原料：去离子水100重量份、顺丁烯二酸酐30重量份、丙烯酸20重量份、纳米纤维素15重量份、重均分子量为15000的聚乙烯醇10重量份、氢氧化钾10重量份、过硫酸钾2.5重量份。
制备方法：将顺丁烯二酸酐和丙烯酸溶解在去离子水中，室温条件下以100-1000r/min的转速搅拌1-30min至完全溶解后，加入氢氧化钾进行中和，得到丙烯酸类单体水溶液；向所得丙烯酸类单体水溶液中加入纳米纤维素和聚乙烯醇后，搅拌30min-2h，形成均一稳定的液体；向所得的液体中加入过硫酸钾后，边搅拌边加热，使反应温度保持在100℃且反应时间为2h，至形成凝胶后得到所述柔性传感器用透明导电凝胶材料。
具体实施例3
组分原料：去离子水100重量份、甲基丙烯酰氧乙基马来酸单酯20重量份、顺丁烯二酸酐25重量份、纳米纤维素30重量份、重均分子量为30000的聚乙烯醇20重量份、氢氧化钠10重量份、过硫酸铵1.0重量份。
制备方法：将甲基丙烯酰氧乙基马来酸单酯和顺丁烯二酸酐溶解在去离子水中，室温条件下以100-1000r/min的转速搅拌1-30min至完全溶解后，加入氢氧化钠进行中和，得到丙烯酸类单体水溶液；向所得丙烯酸类单体水溶液中加入纳米纤维素和聚乙烯醇后，搅拌30min-2h，形成均一稳定的液体；向所得的液体中加入过硫酸铵后，边搅拌边加热，使反应温度保持在95℃且反应时间为2h，至形成凝胶后得到所述柔性传感器用透明导电凝胶材料。
以上所述仅是本发明的优选实施方式，并不用于限制本发明，应当指出，对于本技术领域的普通技术人员来说，在不脱离本发明技术原理的前提下，还可以做出若干改进和变型，这些改进和变型也应视为本发明的保护范围。
Claims (10)
1.一种柔性传感器用透明导电凝胶材料的制备方法，其特征在于，包括下述步骤：
S1，将30-60重量份丙烯酸类单体溶解在100重量份的去离子水中，室温条件下以100-1000r/min的转速搅拌1-30min至所述丙烯酸类单体完全溶解后，加入1-20重量份的碱性物质进行中和，得到丙烯酸类单体水溶液；
S2，向步骤S1中所得丙烯酸类单体水溶液中加入3-40重量份的纳米纤维素和5-20重量份的聚乙烯醇后，搅拌30min-2h，形成均一稳定的液体；
S3，向步骤S2中所得的液体中加入0.1-10重量份的引发剂后，边搅拌边加热，使反应温度保持在30-100℃且反应时间为30min-2h，至形成凝胶后得到所述柔性传感器用透明导电凝胶材料。
2.根据权利要求1所述的柔性传感器用透明导电凝胶材料的制备方法，其特征在于，步骤S1中所述丙烯酸类单体为丙烯酸、甲基丙烯酸、顺丁烯二酸酐、甲基丙烯酰氧乙基琥珀酸单酯、甲基丙烯酰氧乙基马来酸单酯、甲基丙烯酰氧乙基偏苯三酸酐、邻苯二甲酸、2-甲基丙烯酰氧乙酯、2-(甲基丙烯酰氧基)乙基六氢邻苯二甲酸单酯、均苯二酐和二甲基丙烯酸羟乙酯中的至少一种。
3.根据权利要求1所述的柔性传感器用透明导电凝胶材料的制备方法，其特征在于，步骤S1中所述碱性物质为氢氧化锂、氢氧化钠、氢氧化钾、氢氧化镁、氢氧化钙、氨气、氨水、氢氧化锶、氢氧化铍、氢氧化铷、氢氧化铯、碳酸锂、碳酸钠、碳酸钾、碳酸镁、碳酸钙、碳酸氢铵、碳酸锶、碳酸铍、碳酸铷和碳酸铯中的至少一种。
4.根据权利要求1所述的柔性传感器用透明导电凝胶材料的制备方法，其特征在于，步骤S2中所述纳米纤维素为采用硫酸水解法、盐酸水解法、机械法和TEMPO法中的至少一种，并以木浆和棉花中的至少一种为原料生产所得的纳米纤维素。
5.根据权利要求1所述的柔性传感器用透明导电凝胶材料的制备方法，其特征在于，步骤S2中所述聚乙烯醇为重均分子量为1000-50000的聚乙烯醇中的至少一种。
6.根据权利要求1所述的柔性传感器用透明导电凝胶材料的制备方法，其特征在于，步骤S3中所述引发剂为过硫酸铵、过硫酸钠、过硫酸钾、过氧化氢、二价铁盐、亚硫酸氢钠和硫代硫酸铵中的至少一种。
7.一种由权利要求1至7中任一权利要求所述制备方法制备所得的柔性传感器用透明导电凝胶材料，其特征在于，由包括下述按重量份计的各组分原料制备而成：丙烯酸类单体30-60份、去离子水100份、纳米纤维素3-40份、聚乙烯醇5-20重量份、碱性物质1-20重量份和引发剂0.1-10重量份；
其中所述碱性物质为氢氧化锂、氢氧化钠、氢氧化钾、氢氧化镁、氢氧化钙、氨气、氨水、氢氧化锶、氢氧化铍、氢氧化铷、氢氧化铯、碳酸锂、碳酸钠、碳酸钾、碳酸镁、碳酸钙、碳酸氢铵、碳酸锶、碳酸铍、碳酸铷和碳酸铯中的至少一种。
8.根据权利要求7所述的柔性传感器用透明导电凝胶材料，其特征在于，所述丙烯酸类单体为丙烯酸、甲基丙烯酸、顺丁烯二酸酐、甲基丙烯酰氧乙基琥珀酸单酯、甲基丙烯酰氧乙基马来酸单酯、甲基丙烯酰氧乙基偏苯三酸酐、邻苯二甲酸、2-甲基丙烯酰氧乙酯、2-(甲基丙烯酰氧基)乙基六氢邻苯二甲酸单酯、均苯二酐和二甲基丙烯酸羟乙酯中的至少一种。
9.根据权利要求7所述的柔性传感器用透明导电凝胶材料，其特征在于，所述纳米纤维素为采用硫酸水解法、盐酸水解法、机械法和TEMPO法中的至少一种，并以木浆和棉花中的至少一种为原料生产所得的纳米纤维素。
10.根据权利要求7所述的柔性传感器用透明导电凝胶材料，其特征在于，所述聚乙烯醇为重均分子量为1000-50000的聚乙烯醇中的至少一种。
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| CN109355725A (zh) * | 2018-08-23 | 2019-02-19 | 浙江理工大学 | 一种自愈性水凝胶纤维的制备方法 |
| CN109705370A (zh) * | 2018-12-25 | 2019-05-03 | 南京林业大学 | Tempo纳米纤维素-聚丙烯酸凝胶的制备方法及应用方法 |
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