CN114073871B - Filtering system and filtering method - Google Patents
Filtering system and filtering method Download PDFInfo
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- CN114073871B CN114073871B CN202010845913.9A CN202010845913A CN114073871B CN 114073871 B CN114073871 B CN 114073871B CN 202010845913 A CN202010845913 A CN 202010845913A CN 114073871 B CN114073871 B CN 114073871B
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Images
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D35/00—Filtering devices having features not specifically covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D33/00, or for applications not specifically covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D33/00; Auxiliary devices for filtration; Filter housing constructions
- B01D35/12—Devices for taking out of action one or more units of multi- unit filters, e.g. for regeneration
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D35/00—Filtering devices having features not specifically covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D33/00, or for applications not specifically covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D33/00; Auxiliary devices for filtration; Filter housing constructions
- B01D35/14—Safety devices specially adapted for filtration; Devices for indicating clogging
- B01D35/143—Filter condition indicators
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D35/00—Filtering devices having features not specifically covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D33/00, or for applications not specifically covered by groups B01D24/00 - B01D33/00; Auxiliary devices for filtration; Filter housing constructions
- B01D35/16—Cleaning-out devices, e.g. for removing the cake from the filter casing or for evacuating the last remnants of liquid
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D37/00—Processes of filtration
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D37/00—Processes of filtration
- B01D37/04—Controlling the filtration
- B01D37/046—Controlling the filtration by pressure measuring
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G31/00—Refining of hydrocarbon oils, in the absence of hydrogen, by methods not otherwise provided for
- C10G31/09—Refining of hydrocarbon oils, in the absence of hydrogen, by methods not otherwise provided for by filtration
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/74—Recovery of fats, fatty oils, fatty acids or other fatty substances, e.g. lanolin or waxes
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Filtering Materials (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a filtering system and a filtering method, wherein a filtering unit is provided with at least one filter group comprising a plurality of filters, a communication pipeline is arranged between a filtrate outlet of each filter and a solid-containing raw oil inlet of each filter in the same group, and a communication valve is arranged on the communication pipeline; the control system comprises an online pressure difference monitoring module, a filter control module and a regeneration control module, wherein the online pressure difference monitoring module is used for monitoring the pressure difference of an online filter, the filter control module is used for controlling a single filter to be switched in and out of the filter system, and the regeneration control module is used for controlling the regeneration process of the filter. The filtering system provided by the invention has the characteristic of effective continuous operation, and ensures that the filtering system has a long-term stable operation period.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a filtering system and a filtering method for solid-containing raw oil capable of continuously running.
Background
Catalytic cracking is an important process technology for producing gasoline and diesel oil by lightening heavy oil, is one of the most important and most widely applied technologies in the current oil refining field, but the catalytic cracking produces byproduct slurry oil, and particularly the current catalytic cracking mostly adopts hydrogenated residual oil or wax oil doped with residual oil as a raw material, the slurry oil yield is higher, generally about 5%, and the yield is even 8%. The slurry oil is rich in polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon, and the polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon can be used as raw materials for producing ship-fuel or carbon black, carbon fiber and the like, but the slurry oil contains about 1-6 g/L of catalytic cracking catalyst particles, so that the requirements of raw material indexes for producing the ship-fuel or carbon black, carbon fiber and the like can not be met, and the present utilization value is low.
In order to increase the value of slurry oil, the solid particulate matter in the slurry oil must be removed first. There are various methods for removing solid particles, such as sedimentation, flocculation, centrifugation, etc., but these methods have too low removal efficiency. Filtration is a better method for removing solid particles in slurry oil, but a multi-stage filtration method is adopted around the improvement of filtration precision.
CN102002385a discloses a device and a method for separating residues from catalytic cracking slurry oil, which comprises at least two filter groups, wherein each filter group consists of a prefilter and a fine filter, the prefilter is a wedge-shaped metal wound wire filter element, the filtering precision is 2-10 micrometers, and the fine filter is an asymmetric metal powder sintered filter element, and the precision is 0.2-1.0 micrometers.
CN103865571a describes a method for heavy oil removal of solid particulate matter, the filtration system comprising at least one prefilter, at least two fine filters, the fine filter cartridge accuracy being better than the prefilter accuracy, the prefilter being in series with the fine filter. The method for reforming the filter cake by the fresh or back-washed fine filter is that the filter cake is formed on the fine filter by the filtered filtrate after the pre-filter filtration, and the filter cake is not formed on the fine filter directly by the original liquid to be filtered.
The prior art generally adopts a filter group consisting of a low-precision prefilter and a high-precision fine filter with different precision to filter, and has the defects of complex manufacture and higher fine filter cost. And has the problem of short operation period of the filtering system.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problems of poor continuity of a filtering system, high running cost and the like in the prior art when solid-containing raw oil is filtered, and provides a filtering system and a filtering method.
The present invention provides a filtration system comprising: a filtration unit and a control system;
the filter unit is provided with at least one filter group, each filter group is provided with at least two filters, and each filter is provided with a solid raw oil inlet, a filtrate outlet, a regeneration medium inlet and a filter residue outlet, and pipelines respectively communicated with the respective inlets and outlets; in the same filter group, a communication pipeline is arranged between a filtrate outlet of each filter and a solid-containing raw oil inlet of each filter in the same group, and a communication valve is arranged on the communication pipeline;
the control system comprises an online pressure difference monitoring module, a filter control module and a regeneration control module, wherein the online pressure difference monitoring module is used for monitoring the pressure difference of an online filter, the filter control module is used for controlling a single filter to be switched in and out of the filter system, and the regeneration control module is used for controlling the regeneration process of the filter.
In one embodiment of the invention, an inlet pipeline of each filter is provided with a solid raw material oil inlet valve, a filtrate outlet valve and a filter residue outlet valve respectively;
each filter is provided with a communication pipeline which is communicated with a filtrate outlet of the filter and a solid raw material oil inlet of other single filters in the same group, one end of the communication pipeline is connected to an upstream pipeline of a filtrate outlet valve of the filter, and the other end of the communication pipeline is connected to a downstream pipeline of a solid raw material oil inlet valve of the other filter; the upstream pipeline of the filtrate outlet valve refers to a pipeline between the filtrate outlet and the filtrate outlet valve, and the downstream pipeline of the solid-containing raw material oil inlet valve refers to a pipeline between the solid-containing raw material oil inlet and the solid-containing raw material oil inlet valve.
In one embodiment of the invention, the online differential pressure monitoring module comprises a pressure gauge or a differential pressure gauge arranged on a solid-containing raw oil inlet pipeline and a filtrate outlet pipeline of each filter; the filter control module comprises a solid-containing raw oil inlet valve, a filtrate outlet valve, a filter residue outlet valve, a regeneration medium inlet valve and a communication valve between the same group of filters, which are controlled to be arranged on each filter; the valves are all program automatic control valves.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the plurality of filters included in each of the filter groups have a uniform order of filtration accuracy. In a preferred case, the filter accuracy of the plurality of filters included in each filter group is uniform.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the filter material used in the filter has a filtration accuracy of 0.1 to 50 micrometers, preferably 0.3 to 15 micrometers.
In the present invention, the filter material, its source and method of production are not particularly limited.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the filter has at least one filter element of inorganic filter material, wherein the filter element of inorganic filter material is one or more selected from metal powder sintered microporous filter element, sintered wire mesh, wire wound filter element and ceramic membrane filter element.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the filter has at least one filter element of a flexible filter material, wherein the flexible filter material is selected from one or more of polyethylene, nylon, polyphenylene sulfide, polyimide, polytetrafluoroethylene, aramid, polyurethane, glass fiber, polypropylene, and terylene, or a flexible filter material formed by compounding any two or more of the above.
In the present invention, the manner in which the flexible filter material is formed into the filter assembly is not particularly limited as long as filtration can be achieved. In one embodiment of the present invention, the flexible filter material may be formed in a shape of a planar membrane, a hemispherical shape, a bag shape, or the like, thereby being used for a filter assembly. The bag shape is preferable in terms of filtration efficiency, filtration effect, subsequent treatment of the filter residue, regeneration efficiency of the filter, and the like.
In a preferred aspect of the invention, the filter assembly of the flexible filter material is in the form of a pinhole-free filter bag.
In the present invention, the pinhole-free filter bag of the flexible filter material is prepared by a method well known in the art, and in one embodiment, the pinhole-free filter bag of the flexible filter material is prepared by a sewing process, and the sewing pores thereof are sealed with an acidic sealant material. In one embodiment, the pinhole-free filter bag is made from a flexible filter material woven directly into a cylinder.
Preferably, the gram weight of the flexible filter material is 300-1000 g/m 2 Preferably 520 to 660g/m 2。
In a preferred case, the warp breaking strength of the flexible filter material is 850N/5cm to 9000N/5cm, preferably 1000N/5cm to 2400N/5cm; the weft breaking strength is 1000N/5 cm-11000N/5 cm, preferably 1200N/5 cm-2600N/5 cm; the thickness is 0.5-3.4 mm; preferably 0.5 to 3.0mm, more preferably 1.8 to 2.9mm.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the flexible filter medium in the filter of the present invention may be a single layer (single layer) or may be a plurality of layers (two or more layers). In the case of the multilayer form, the multilayer flexible filter material is laminated, and there is no limitation on the number of layers to be laminated and the arrangement of the layers.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the flexible filter material comprises at least a single layer, and the porosity of the single layer is 25% to 98%.
In one embodiment of the invention, the monolayer is made of polytetrafluoroethylene and/or polyphenylene sulfide.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the flexible filter material includes at least a releasing layer and a base fabric layer, and the base fabric layer is woven from the above raw materials that can be made into the flexible filter material by using weaving techniques known in the art. The weaving technique is not limited in any way, including but not limited to hydroentanglement, thermal, wet weaving, spunbonding, melt blowing, needle punching, stitch bonding, hot rolling, and the like. The releasing layer is formed on the base cloth layer by a method known in the art such as a hot pressing method, a film coating method, a hot rolling method, or the like, using the above-described raw materials that can be made into a flexible filter material. The releasing layer and the base cloth layer can be prepared independently and sequentially, and can also be prepared integrally. The flexible filter material comprising at least the releasing layer and the base layer of the present invention may be prepared by a method known in the art, or may be commercially available.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the porosity of the releasing layer is 25% to 98%, and the porosity of the base layer is 30% to 40%.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the porosity of the releasing layer is 50% to 98% when the filtration accuracy of the flexible filter material is 2 to 25 μm.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the porosity of the releasing layer is 25% to 70% when the filtration accuracy of the flexible filter material is 0.1 to less than 2 μm.
According to the invention, the solid removing layer is formed on the base cloth layer, so that the filtering effect of the filtering material can be further improved, and the service life of the filter can be prolonged.
In a preferred aspect, the base fabric layer is polytetrafluoroethylene and/or polyphenylene sulfide. Namely, the base cloth layer is made of single polytetrafluoroethylene material or single polyphenylene sulfide material or mixed fiber of the two materials.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the base fabric layer is made of polytetrafluoroethylene filament fibers.
In order to achieve better slurry filtering effect, the stripping layer is preferably made of polytetrafluoroethylene, and further preferably made of polytetrafluoroethylene with a three-dimensional void structure.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the flexible filter material includes at least a releasing layer and a base layer, but is not limited thereto, and may be modified and derived based thereon. For example, other layers may be further included on the basis of the releasing layer and the base fabric layer of the present invention, without adversely affecting the effect of the present invention. In one embodiment of the invention, the debonding layer is disposed adjacent to the base fabric layer. In one embodiment of the invention, the flexible filter material comprises only the debonding layer and the scrim layer.
For the flexible filter material comprising a de-solidified layer and a base layer according to the present invention, it is preferred that the de-solidified layer is a surface layer, i.e. the flexible filter material, when used in a filter, is to be contacted with the de-solidified layer first by the solid stock oil.
In one embodiment of the invention, a flexible filter is made from the debonding layer and the base fabric layer described above, and optionally other layers. That is, the flexible filter itself may be divided into a base layer, a release layer, and optionally other layers.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the flexible filter material further includes an inner layer on the basis of the above-described releasing layer and base layer. Namely, the flexible filter material of the invention at least comprises 3 layers, namely a releasing layer, a base cloth layer and an inner layer.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the inner layer is made of fibers having a fineness of 1 to 3D on the base fabric layer on the side opposite to the release layer by a method (for example, needling or hydroentangling) known in the art. In one embodiment of the present invention, the raw material for the fibers used to make the inner layer may be selected from the above-described raw materials that can be made into a flexible filter material. In one embodiment of the present invention, the raw material for making the inner layer is one or more selected from polyethylene, nylon, terylene, polypropylene, polyphenylene sulfide, polyimide, polytetrafluoroethylene, aramid, polyurethane and glass fiber; preferably one or more selected from polyimide, polytetrafluoroethylene, polyphenylene sulfide and glass fiber.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the inner layer of the present invention is preferably made of high-strength fibers, thereby further improving the strength of the flexible filter material, and reducing the risk of plastic deformation of the flexible filter material under continuous loading for a long period of time, extending the operating cycle of the filter, and extending the service life of the filter.
In one embodiment of the present invention, when the flexible filter material includes at least a release layer, a base layer, and an inner layer, the release layer and the base layer are consistent with the description of the invention above with respect to the release layer and the base layer.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the flexible filter material may further include other layers on the basis of the releasing layer, the base layer and the inner layer without adversely affecting the effect of the present invention. In one embodiment of the invention, the flexible filter material comprises only the debonding layer, the scrim layer, and the inner layer.
In one embodiment of the invention, a flexible filter is made from the above-described debonding layer, base and inner layers, and optionally other layers. That is, the flexible filter itself may be divided into a base fabric layer, and an inner layer, and optionally other layers.
For the flexible filter material comprising a release layer, a base cloth layer and an inner layer according to the present invention, it is preferable that the release layer is a surface layer, i.e. when the flexible filter material is used in a filter, the raw oil to be solid first contacts the release layer.
The flexible filter material comprising at least the releasing layer, the base cloth layer and the inner layer of the present invention may be prepared by a method known in the art or may be commercially available.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the flexible filter material of the present invention further comprises an accuracy layer and an inner layer on the basis of the above-described releasing layer and base layer. Namely, the flexible filter material of the invention at least comprises 4 layers, namely a releasing layer, an accuracy layer, a base cloth layer and an inner layer.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the precision layer is made of ultra fine fibers having fineness of 0.2 to 0.3D on the base fabric layer between the releasing layer and the base fabric layer by a method well known in the art (e.g., a needle punching method or a water punching method, etc.). In one embodiment of the present invention, the raw material of the ultrafine fibers used to make the precision layer may be selected from the above-described raw materials that can be made into a flexible filter material. In one embodiment of the invention, the superfine fiber used for preparing the precision layer is one or more selected from polyethylene, nylon, terylene, polypropylene, polyphenylene sulfide, polyimide, polytetrafluoroethylene, aramid, polyurethane and glass fiber; preferably one or more selected from polyimide, polytetrafluoroethylene, polyphenylene sulfide and glass fiber.
In one embodiment of the invention, the precision layer is made of ultrafine fibers having a fineness smaller than that of the inner layer. Without being bound by any theory, the inventors of the present invention believe that the filtration efficiency and filtration accuracy of the flexible filter material can be further improved by forming a three-dimensional structure due to the interaction between these ultrafine fibers. On the other hand, by using the superfine fiber with smaller fineness, the surface contact area and the surface tension can be enlarged, so that the combination between the solid removing layer and the precision layer and the combination between the solid removing layer and the base cloth layer are firmer, the falling off is avoided, and the service cycle of the flexible filter material is further prolonged.
In one embodiment of the present invention, when the flexible filter material includes at least a release layer, an accuracy layer, a base layer, and an inner layer, the release layer, the base layer, and the inner layer are consistent with the description of the release layer, the base layer, and the inner layer described above with respect to the present invention.
For the flexible filter material comprising the releasing layer, the precision layer, the base cloth layer and the inner layer according to the present invention, it is preferable that the releasing layer is a surface layer, i.e. when the flexible filter material is used in a filter, the raw oil to be solidified first contacts the releasing layer.
In one embodiment of the present invention, a flexible filter material is made from the above-described debonding layer, accuracy layer, base layer, and inner layer. That is, the flexible filter itself may be divided into a releasing layer, an accuracy layer, a base cloth layer, and an inner layer.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the flexible filter material of the present invention may further optionally include other layers on the basis of the above-described releasing layer, precision layer, base layer and back layer without adversely affecting the effect of the present invention. In one embodiment of the invention, the flexible filter material comprises only the debonding layer, the polishing layer, the scrim layer, and the backing layer.
The flexible filter material comprising at least the releasing layer, the precision layer, the base cloth layer and the inner layer of the present invention may be prepared by a method known in the art or may be commercially available.
In one embodiment of the invention, a filter assembly includes a cake layer formed of a filter aid disposed on the filter assembly; the filter aid is one or a mixture of a plurality of diatomite, cellulose, perlite, talcum powder, activated clay, filter residues obtained by a filter and waste catalytic cracking catalyst; the thickness of the filter cake layer formed by the filter aid is 0.1-10 mm.
In one embodiment of the present invention, when a cake layer formed of a filter aid is provided on a flexible filter material, the flexible filter material has a filtration accuracy of 3 to 25 μm. In one embodiment of the present invention, in the case where a cake layer formed of a filter aid is provided on a flexible filter material, the flexible filter material has a grammage of 300 to 1000g/m 2 . In one embodiment of the present invention, in the case where a cake layer formed of a filter aid is provided on a flexible filter material, the thickness of the flexible filter material is 0.5 to 3.0mm. In one embodiment of the present invention, when a filter cake layer formed of a filter aid is provided on a flexible filter material, the flexible filter material has a warp breaking strength of 1000N/5cm to 9000N/5cm and a weft breaking strength of 1000N/5cm to 11000N/5cm.
In one embodiment of the present invention, after a cake layer formed of a filter aid is provided on the filter assembly, the pressure difference of the filter assembly is 0.01 to 0.07MPa. When the differential pressure is lower than 0.01MPa, an effective filter aid filter cake layer cannot be formed on the filter material, so that an excellent filtering effect cannot be achieved or the service life of the filter cannot be prolonged, and when the differential pressure is higher than 0.07MPa, the reserved differential pressure rising space for the use differential pressure of the filter is reduced, so that the effective time of slurry oil filtration is shortened.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the filter assembly of the present invention includes a filter cake layer formed of a filter aid disposed on the flexible filter material including at least a solids removal layer and a base fabric layer.
In one embodiment of the invention, the filter is an upflow filter or a downflow filter.
In one embodiment of the invention, the filter is provided with a solid raw oil inlet at the lower part, a filtrate outlet at the upper part, and a filter residue outlet at the bottom.
In one embodiment of the invention, the filter unit is provided with a regeneration medium buffer tank and a regeneration medium inlet line in communication with each filter, respectively.
In the present invention, the regeneration medium includes a rinse oil and a purge medium; preferably, the leaching oil is solid-containing raw material oil and/or filtrate; preferably, the purge medium is an inert gas and/or a flushing oil. Preferably, the rinse oil is a filtrate.
In one embodiment of the invention, a shower oil inlet and a shower are provided in the upper part of the filter.
In one embodiment of the invention, the filter is provided with a purge medium inlet. Preferably, a purge medium inlet is provided at the top of the filter and/or at the upper part of the filter.
In one embodiment of the invention, the filters are provided with filter aid inlets, the filtration unit is provided with filter aid buffer tanks which are respectively communicated with the filter aid inlets of each filter; the filter aid is one or a mixture of a plurality of diatomite, cellulose, perlite, talcum powder, activated clay, filter residues obtained by a filter and waste catalytic cracking catalyst;
preferably, the filter aid buffer tank is filled with filter aid and a mixing medium, wherein the mixing medium is liquid hydrocarbon.
In the invention, the filtration system comprises a control system comprising an on-line differential pressure monitoring module, a filter control module and a regeneration control module. The online pressure difference monitoring module is used for monitoring the pressure difference of the online filter. The filter control module is used to control individual filters to switch into and out of the filtration system. The regeneration control module is used for controlling the regeneration process of the filter, and the regeneration is carried out when the pressure difference of the filter reaches the set pressure difference, wherein the regeneration process is to remove filter cake particles on the filter assembly by adopting a reverse purging and/or leaching oil spraying mode when the pressure difference of the filter reaches the set pressure difference.
The invention also provides a filtering method, which adopts any filtering system and comprises the following steps:
(1) And (3) filtering: passing the solids-laden feedstock oil into at least one filter;
(2) The control step: the online pressure difference monitoring module monitors the pressure difference of the online filter, the filter control module controls the filter to cut in and cut out of the filter system, and the regeneration control module controls the regeneration process of the filter; and
(3) And a regeneration step: spraying the surface of the filter cake formed on the filter assembly by using the leaching oil and/or reversely purging by using a purging medium;
when the online pressure difference monitoring module monitors that the pressure difference of the online filter reaches a set value I, the filter control module cuts the non-online filter into the filter system to carry out the filtering step, cuts the online filter with the pressure difference reaching the set value I out of the filter system,
and discharging slag and reversely purging the filter of the cut-out filtering system by using the leaching oil and/or the purging medium through the regeneration control module.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the set value I is preferably in the range of 0.01 to 0.5 MPa.
In one embodiment of the invention, there is (1-1) a cake layer forming step prior to the filtering step of (1) in the filtration unit: introducing a filter aid into a filter to form a filter cake layer of the filter aid on a filter element of the filter; the filter aid is one or a mixture of a plurality of diatomite, cellulose, perlite, talcum powder, activated clay, filter residues obtained by a filter and waste catalytic cracking catalyst;
When the online pressure difference monitoring module monitors that the pressure difference of the filter in the filter cake layer forming step reaches a set value II, the filter formed with the filter cake layer is cut into a filtering system through the filter control module to carry out the filtering step (1), and the set value II is in the range of 0.01-0.07 MPa.
In the present invention, the solids-containing feedstock oil is a liquid hydrocarbon with particulate impurities.
In one embodiment of the invention, the solid-containing raw material oil is one or more selected from catalytic cracking heavy cycle oil, catalytic cracking slurry oil, coal tar, coal direct liquefied oil, kerosene co-refining hydrogenation liquid product, ebullated bed liquid product, slurry bed liquid product and slurry bed catalyst mixture.
One embodiment of the invention is:
(1) The same filter group comprises a filter A and a filter B, when the online filter A performs filtration and the pressure difference reaches or exceeds the intermediate pressure difference, the non-online filter B is cut into a filter system through a filter control module and is connected in series at the upstream of the filter A, and series filtration of passing through the filter A after passing through the filter B is performed;
(2) When the differential pressure of the filter A reaches the maximum differential pressure or when the differential pressure of the filter B reaches or exceeds the intermediate differential pressure, cutting the filter A out of the filter system, regenerating the filter A through a regeneration control module, and independently filtering the filter B on line;
(3) The regenerated filter A is cut into a filtering system through a filter control module and is connected in series with the upstream of the filter B to perform series filtering of passing through the filter A and then passing through the filter B;
(4) When the differential pressure of the filter B reaches the maximum differential pressure or when the differential pressure of the filter A reaches or exceeds the intermediate differential pressure, cutting the filter B out of the filter system, regenerating the filter B through a regeneration control module, and independently filtering the filter A on line;
(5) The regenerated filter B is cut into a filter system through a filter control module and is connected in series with the upstream of the filter A, and series filtration is carried out by passing through the filter B and then passing through the filter A;
then repeatedly executing the steps (2) - (5);
the intermediate differential pressure is less than the maximum defined differential pressure, preferably equal to or greater than half the maximum defined differential pressure.
The intermediate differential pressure is less than a maximum defined differential pressure.
In one embodiment of the invention, the intermediate differential pressure is a value equal to or greater than one fifth of the maximum defined differential pressure.
In one embodiment of the invention, the intermediate differential pressure is a value equal to or greater than one third of the maximum defined differential pressure.
In one embodiment of the invention, the intermediate differential pressure is a value equal to or greater than one half of the maximum defined differential pressure.
In one embodiment of the invention, the intermediate differential pressure is a value equal to or greater than two-thirds of the maximum defined differential pressure.
In one embodiment of the invention, the maximum defined pressure differential of the in-line filter is between 0.01 and 0.5MPa.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the filtration temperature in the filter of the filtration unit is 330 ℃ or lower, preferably 30 to 300 ℃, more preferably 50 to 250 ℃, still more preferably 60 to 180 ℃.
In one embodiment of the invention, the method of regenerating the filter after use is to spray the rinse oil on the filter assembly filter cake forming surface and/or reverse purge with a purging medium.
The leaching oil is solid-containing raw material oil and/or filtrate; the purging medium is inactive gas and/or flushing oil.
The inactive gas is gas which does not react with the raw materials to be filtered and the particulate matters in the filtering system, and is preferably nitrogen. The flushing oil is preferably a filtrate.
According to the filtering system and the filtering method provided by the invention, the single filter of the same filtering group can be freely switched between the regeneration mode and the online filtering mode, and the problem of low filtering efficiency when no effective filter cake is formed on the filtering component in the initial stage of each filtering period is solved by connecting the regenerated filter in series with the upstream of the online filter. The invention adopts the series operation mode which repeatedly and alternately precedes, so that the whole filter system can effectively and continuously operate, and the operation period of the long-term stable operation of the whole filter system is ensured.
The invention provides a filter system and a filtering method capable of performing high-precision filtering, wherein the filter system can perform high-precision filtering in terms of filtering precision without adopting a combined mode of a front coarse-precision filter and a rear higher-precision filter in the prior art. The filtering cost is effectively reduced.
In addition, in one embodiment of the invention, a pinhole-free filter bag of a flexible filter material is adopted in a filter of the filter unit, and the preferable flexible filter material has the characteristics of strong interception to particulate matters, high filtering precision and good material strength. Meanwhile, the method has the characteristics of convenience in slag discharging and good regeneration performance. The filtering efficiency is improved and the stable operation period of the filtering unit can be further prolonged.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of one embodiment of a filtration system provided by the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings, without thereby limiting the invention.
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of one embodiment of the present invention in which two filters are disposed within the same filter bank. As shown in fig. 1, the two filters are filter a and filter B, respectively.
An inlet and outlet pipeline of the filter A is respectively provided with a solid raw material oil inlet valve A1, a filtrate outlet valve A2, a regeneration medium inlet valve A3 and a filter residue outlet valve A4;
The inlet and outlet pipelines of the filter B are respectively provided with a solid raw material oil inlet valve B1, a filtrate outlet valve B2, a regeneration medium inlet valve B3 and a filter residue outlet valve B4.
A filtrate outlet of the filter A and a solid raw material oil inlet of the filter B are provided with a communication pipeline, a communication valve AB is arranged on the communication pipeline, one end of the communication pipeline is connected to an upstream pipeline of a filtrate outlet valve A2 of the filter A, and the other end of the communication pipeline is connected to a downstream pipeline of a solid raw material oil inlet valve B1 of the filter B; the upstream pipeline of the filtrate outlet valve is a pipeline between the filtrate outlet of the filter A and the filtrate outlet valve A2, and the downstream pipeline of the solid-containing raw material oil inlet valve is a pipeline between the solid-containing raw material oil inlet of the filter B and the solid-containing raw material oil inlet valve B1.
The filtrate outlet of the filter B and the solid-containing raw oil inlet of the filter A are provided with a communication pipeline, a communication valve BA is arranged on the communication pipeline, one end of the communication pipeline is connected to the upstream pipeline of the filtrate outlet valve B2 of the filter B, and the other end of the communication pipeline is connected to the downstream pipeline of the solid-containing raw oil inlet valve A1 of the filter A; the upstream pipeline of the filtrate outlet valve is a pipeline between the filtrate outlet of the filter B and the filtrate outlet valve B2, and the downstream pipeline of the solid-containing raw material oil inlet valve is a pipeline between the solid-containing raw material oil inlet of the filter A and the solid-containing raw material oil inlet valve A1.
The filtration method using the above-described filtration system is further described below.
At the beginning, the filter A is adopted as an online filter, and the filter B is not opened once. Valves A1 and A2 of filter a are open, and valves B1, B2, B3, B4, AB, BA are closed. Raw materials to be filtered enter the filter A through the pipeline 1 through the inlet valve A1 for filtering, and the obtained filtrate is discharged through the outlet valve A2 and the outlet pipeline 2.
Along with the formation of filter cakes on the filter assembly of the filter A, the pressure difference of the inlet and the outlet is gradually increased, when the pressure difference reaches or exceeds a set value (such as an intermediate pressure difference), the valve B1 and the valve BA are opened, the valve A1 is closed, and the filter B is connected in series in front of (upstream of) the filter A, namely, raw materials to be filtered firstly pass through the filter B and then pass through the filter A for filtration.
When the differential pressure of the filter A reaches the maximum differential pressure or when the differential pressure of the filter B reaches or exceeds the intermediate differential pressure, the valve B2 is opened, the valve BA and the valve A2 are closed simultaneously, the filter A is cut, and the filter B is used for filtering. And opening an inlet valve A3 of a regeneration medium inlet pipeline 4 and an outlet valve A4 of a filter residue discharge pipeline 3 to regenerate the filter A, spraying leaching oil on the surface of the filter assembly forming a filter cake by the filter A and/or reversely purging the filter residue by adopting a purging medium, and discharging the filter residue from the pipeline 3. After regeneration is completed, valves A3 and A4 are closed.
Opening the valve A1 and the valve AB, closing the valve B1, and connecting the filter A in series in front of (upstream of) the filter B, namely, the slurry oil to be filtered passes through the filter A and then passes through the filter B for filtration. When the differential pressure of the filter B reaches the maximum differential pressure, or when the differential pressure of the filter A reaches or exceeds the intermediate differential pressure, the valve A2 is opened, the valve AB and the valve B2 are closed, the filter B is cut, and the filter A is used for filtering.
And opening an inlet valve B3 of a regeneration medium inlet pipeline 4 and an outlet valve B4 on a filter residue discharge pipeline 3 to regenerate the filter B, spraying leaching oil on the surface of the filter assembly forming a filter cake by the filter B and/or reversely purging by adopting a purging medium, and discharging filter residues from the pipeline 3. After the regeneration is completed, the valves B3 and B4 are closed. The valve B1 and the valve BA are opened, the valve A1 is closed, the filter B is connected in series in front of (upstream of) the filter A for filtering, and the filter group can continuously run and can obtain a high-precision filtering effect.
The invention is further illustrated by the following examples, which are not intended to limit the invention in any way.
Example 1
Slurry a was filtered and the properties of slurry a are shown in table 1. The filter system shown in fig. 1 is adopted, wherein two filters A and B are arranged in a filter unit, and pinhole-free filter bags of flexible filter materials are arranged in the filters A and B. The parameters of the properties of the flexible filter are set forth in Table 2.
Firstly, oil slurry A passes through a filter A, the filtering temperature is 120 ℃, a standby filter B is connected in series at the upstream of the filter A by a control system for filtering when the pressure difference of the filter A reaches 0.13MPa, filtrate is collected, or the pressure difference of the filter B reaches or exceeds 0.13MPa, the filter A is cut out of a filtering system by the control system, and the filter A is regenerated by spraying shower oil on the surface of a filter cake and back blowing nitrogen at the same time, wherein the filter B is independently filtered. The filter A is cut into the filtering system through the control system after regeneration and is connected in series with the upstream of the filter B, so that a series filtering mode is formed in which raw materials to be filtered pass through the filter A and then pass through the filter B. When the pressure difference of the filter B reaches 0.25MPa or the pressure difference of the filter A reaches or exceeds 0.13MPa, the filter B is cut off and regenerated by the control system, and the filter A is independently filtered. The regenerated filter B is then filtered in series upstream of the filter a by the control system.
In the implementation process, when the pressure difference of the filters connected in series at the downstream reaches 0.25MPa, or the pressure difference of the filters connected in series at the upstream reaches or exceeds 0.13MPa, the downstream filters are cut out of the filter system, and nitrogen back flushing and oil leaching are used for spraying on the surface of the filter cake for regeneration. After regeneration, it is connected in series upstream of the in-line filter.
The filtrate was collected after three times of such reciprocation. The collected filtered slurry was analyzed for solid particle content of 51. Mu.g/g.
TABLE 1
| Slurry oil A | Slurry oil B | Slurry oil C | |
| Density (g/cm) 3 ) | 1.172 | 1.058 | 1.140 |
| Viscosity at 100 ℃ (mm) 2 /s) | 39 | 31 | 52 |
| Solid content (μg/g) | 1863 | 3575 | 4620 |
TABLE 2
Example 2
Slurry B was filtered and the properties of slurry B are shown in Table 1. With the filter system shown in fig. 1, the filter a and the filter B are provided therein with pinhole-free filter bags of flexible filter material. The flexible filter material comprises a de-solidified layer and a base cloth layer, and specific property parameters are listed in table 3.
The filtering operation method of slurry oil B is the same as that of example 1, except that in this example, the filtering temperature is 150 ℃, filter B is connected in series upstream of filter A when the pressure difference of filter A reaches 0.1MPa for the first time, the filtrate is collected, and then when the pressure difference of the filter connected in series downstream reaches 0.2MPa, or the pressure difference of the filter connected in series upstream reaches or exceeds 0.1MPa, the filter connected in series downstream is cut out of the filtering system for regeneration. After regeneration, the filter is connected in series to the upstream of the online filter, and the operation is repeated.
The collected filtered slurry oil sample was analyzed, and the particulate content in the filtered slurry oil was 132. Mu.g/g.
TABLE 3 Table 3
Example 3
Slurry C was filtered and the properties of slurry C are shown in Table 1. With the filter system shown in fig. 1, the filter a and the filter B are provided therein with pinhole-free filter bags of flexible filter material. Specific property parameters of the flexible filter are listed in table 4.
The filtering operation method of slurry oil C is the same as that of example 1, except that in this example, the filtering temperature is 220 ℃, filter B is connected in series upstream of filter A when the pressure difference of filter A reaches 0.17MPa for the first time, the filtrate is collected, and then when the pressure difference of the filter connected in series downstream reaches 0.3MPa, or the pressure difference of the filter connected in series upstream reaches or exceeds 0.17MPa, the filter connected in series downstream is cut out of the filtering system for regeneration. After regeneration, the filter is connected in series to the upstream of the online filter, and the operation is repeated.
The collected filtered slurry oil sample was analyzed and the particulate content of the filtered slurry oil was 191. Mu.g/g.
TABLE 4 Table 4
Example 4
Coal tar a was filtered and properties of coal tar a are listed in table 5. With the filter system shown in fig. 1, pinhole-free filter bags of flexible filter media were provided in filter a and filter B. The parameters of the properties of the flexible filter are shown in Table 6.
The filtration operation method for coal tar A is the same as that of example 1, except that in this example, the filtration temperature is 80 ℃, the filter B is connected in series upstream of the filtration A when the pressure difference of the filter A reaches 0.14MPa in the first time of administration, the filtrate collection is started, and then when the pressure difference of the filter connected in series downstream reaches 0.35MPa, or the pressure difference of the filter connected in series upstream reaches or exceeds 0.14MPa, the filter connected in series downstream is cut out of the filtration system to be regenerated. After regeneration, the filter is connected in series to the upstream of the online filter, and the operation is repeated.
The collected filtrate sample was analyzed, and the particulate matter content in the filtrate was 233. Mu.g/g.
TABLE 5
| Coal tar A | |
| Density (g/cm 3) | 1.16 |
| Viscosity at 100 ℃ ( |
2.9 |
| Solid particulate matter content (μg/g) | 6018 |
TABLE 6
Example 5
Slurry B was filtered and the properties of slurry B are shown in Table 1. With the filter system shown in fig. 1, ceramic membrane cartridges were set in filter a and filter B with a filtration accuracy of 2 μm.
The filtering operation method of slurry oil B is the same as that of example 1, except that in this example, when the filtering temperature is 280 ℃, the pressure difference of filter A reaches 0.12MPa in the first time of feeding, filter B is connected in series upstream of filter A, the filtrate collection is started, and then when the pressure difference of the filter connected in series downstream reaches 0.4MPa, or the pressure difference of the filter connected in series upstream reaches or exceeds 0.12MPa, the filter connected in series downstream is cut out of the filtering system to be regenerated. After regeneration, the filter is connected in series to the upstream of the online filter, and the operation is repeated.
The collected filtered slurry oil sample was analyzed, and the particulate content of the filtered slurry oil was 110. Mu.g/g.
Claims (32)
1. A method of filtering employing a filtration system comprising: a filtration unit and a control system;
the filter unit is provided with at least one filter group, each filter group is provided with at least two filters, and each filter is provided with a solid raw oil inlet, a filtrate outlet, a regeneration medium inlet and a filter residue outlet, and pipelines respectively communicated with the respective inlets and outlets; in the same filter group, a communication pipeline is arranged between a filtrate outlet of each filter and a solid-containing raw oil inlet of each filter in the same group, and a communication valve is arranged on the communication pipeline;
The filter unit is provided with a regeneration medium buffer tank and a regeneration medium inlet pipeline which is respectively communicated with each filter; the regeneration medium comprises a leaching oil and a purging medium; the leaching oil is solid-containing raw material oil and/or filtrate; the upper part of the filter is provided with a leaching oil inlet and a spraying device;
the control system comprises an online pressure difference monitoring module, a filter control module and a regeneration control module, wherein the online pressure difference monitoring module is used for monitoring the pressure difference of an online filter, the filter control module is used for controlling a single filter to be switched in and out of the filter system, and the regeneration control module is used for controlling the regeneration process of the filter;
the filtering method comprises the following steps:
(1) The same filter group comprises a filter A and a filter B, when the online filter A performs filtration and the pressure difference reaches or exceeds the intermediate pressure difference, the non-online filter B is cut into a filter system through a filter control module and is connected in series at the upstream of the filter A, and series filtration of passing through the filter A after passing through the filter B is performed;
(2) When the differential pressure of the filter A reaches the maximum differential pressure or when the differential pressure of the filter B reaches or exceeds the intermediate differential pressure, cutting the filter A out of the filter system, regenerating the filter A through a regeneration control module, and independently filtering the filter B on line;
(3) The regenerated filter A is cut into a filtering system through a filter control module and is connected in series with the upstream of the filter B to perform series filtering of passing through the filter A and then passing through the filter B;
(4) When the differential pressure of the filter B reaches the maximum differential pressure or when the differential pressure of the filter A reaches or exceeds the intermediate differential pressure, cutting the filter B out of the filter system, regenerating the filter B through a regeneration control module, and independently filtering the filter A on line;
(5) The regenerated filter B is cut into a filter system through a filter control module and is connected in series with the upstream of the filter A, and series filtration is carried out by passing through the filter B and then passing through the filter A;
then repeatedly executing the steps (2) - (5);
the intermediate differential pressure is less than a maximum defined differential pressure.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the inlet and outlet pipelines of each filter are respectively provided with a solid raw oil inlet valve, a filtrate outlet valve and a filter residue outlet valve;
each filter is provided with a communication pipeline which is communicated with a filtrate outlet of the filter and a solid raw material oil inlet of other single filters in the same group, one end of the communication pipeline is connected to an upstream pipeline of a filtrate outlet valve of the filter, and the other end of the communication pipeline is connected to a downstream pipeline of a solid raw material oil inlet valve of the other filter; the upstream pipeline of the filtrate outlet valve refers to a pipeline between the filtrate outlet and the filtrate outlet valve, and the downstream pipeline of the solid-containing raw material oil inlet valve refers to a pipeline between the solid-containing raw material oil inlet and the solid-containing raw material oil inlet valve.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein the on-line differential pressure monitoring module comprises a pressure gauge or differential pressure gauge disposed on the solids-laden raw oil inlet line and the filtrate outlet line of each filter; the filter control module comprises a solid-containing raw oil inlet valve, a filtrate outlet valve, a filter residue outlet valve, a regeneration medium inlet valve and a communication valve between the same group of filters, which are controlled to be arranged on each filter; the valves are all program automatic control valves.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein the plurality of filters included in each filter group have a uniform order of magnitude of filtration accuracy.
5. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the filter material used in the filter has a filtration accuracy of 0.1 to 50 μm.
6. The method of claim 5, wherein the filter material used in the filter has a filtration accuracy of 0.3 to 15 μm.
7. The method of claim 5, wherein the filter has at least one filter element of inorganic filter material, wherein the filter element of inorganic filter material is one or more selected from the group consisting of a metal powder sintered microporous filter element, a sintered wire mesh, a wire wound filter element, and a ceramic membrane filter element.
8. The method of claim 5, wherein the filter comprises a filter element having at least one flexible filter medium selected from the group consisting of polyethylene, nylon, polyphenylene sulfide, polyimide, polytetrafluoroethylene, aramid, polyurethane, fiberglass, polypropylene, and polyester, or a combination of any two or more thereof.
9. The method of claim 8, wherein the filter assembly of the flexible filter material is in the form of a pinhole-free filter bag.
10. The method of claim 9, wherein the pinhole-free filter bag is made from a flexible filter material woven directly into a cylinder.
11. The method of claim 9, wherein the pinhole-free filter bag is produced using a stitching process, the stitching apertures of which are sealed with an acidic sealant material.
12. The method according to claim 8, wherein the flexible filter material has a grammage of 300 to 1000g/m 2 The warp breaking strength is 850N/5 cm-9000N/5 cm, the weft breaking strength is 1000N/5 cm-11000N/5 cm, and the thickness is 0.5-3.4 mm.
13. The method of claim 12, wherein the flexible filter material has a grammage of 520-660 g/m 2 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the The warp breaking strength is 1000N/5 cm-2400N/5 cm, and the weft breaking strength is 1200N/5 cm-2600N/5 cm; the thickness is 0.5-3.0 mm.
14. The method of claim 13, wherein the flexible filter material has a thickness of 1.8 to 2.9mm.
15. The method of claim 8, wherein the flexible filter material comprises at least a single layer having a porosity of 25% to 98%.
16. The method according to claim 15, wherein the monolayer is made of polytetrafluoroethylene and/or polyphenylene sulfide.
17. The method of claim 8, wherein the flexible filter material comprises at least a de-consolidation layer and a scrim layer; the porosity of the releasing layer is 25% -98%; the porosity of the base cloth layer is 30% -40%.
18. The method of claim 17, wherein the porosity of the de-solidified layer is 50% -98% when the filtering precision of the flexible filter material is 2-25 microns;
and when the filtering precision of the flexible filter material is 0.1-less than 2 microns, the porosity of the solid removing layer is 25-70%.
19. The method according to claim 17, wherein the base fabric layer is made of polytetrafluoroethylene and/or polyphenylene sulfide; the releasing layer is made of polytetrafluoroethylene.
20. The method of claim 17, wherein the flexible filter material comprises at least a release layer, a base fabric layer, and an inner layer, wherein the inner layer is formed from fibers having a fineness of 1 to 3d on the base fabric layer on the side opposite to the release layer.
21. The method of claim 20, wherein the fibers forming the inner layer are one or more selected from the group consisting of polyethylene, nylon, polypropylene, polyester, polyphenylene sulfide, polyimide, polytetrafluoroethylene, aramid, polyurethane, and fiberglass.
22. The method of claim 8, wherein the filter assembly of the flexible filter material comprises a cake layer of filter aid disposed on the filter assembly; the filter aid is one or a mixture of a plurality of diatomite, cellulose, perlite, talcum powder, activated clay, filter residues obtained by a filter and waste catalytic cracking catalyst; the thickness of the filter cake layer formed by the filter aid is 0.1-10 mm.
23. The method according to claim 22, wherein the filters are provided with a filter aid inlet, and the filtration unit is provided with a filter aid buffer tank, which is in communication with the filter aid inlet of each filter, respectively.
24. The method of claim 23, wherein the filter aid buffer tank is filled with filter aid and a mixing medium, the mixing medium being a liquid hydrocarbon.
25. The method according to claim 1, wherein the purging medium is an inert gas and/or a flushing oil.
26. The method of claim 1, wherein the intermediate differential pressure is one half or more of the maximum defined differential pressure.
27. The method according to claim 1, wherein the filtration temperature in the filter of the filtration unit is 330 ℃ or less.
28. The method according to claim 1, wherein the filtration temperature in the filter of the filtration unit is 30-300 ℃.
29. The method of claim 1 wherein the solid feedstock is a liquid hydrocarbon with particulate impurities.
30. The method of claim 29, wherein the solid-containing feedstock is selected from one or more of the group consisting of catalytic cracking heavy cycle oil, catalytic cracking slurry oil, coal tar, direct coal liquefaction oil, kerosene co-refinery hydrogenation liquid products, ebullated bed liquid products, slurry bed liquid products, and slurry bed catalyst mixtures.
31. The method according to claim 1, wherein the rinse oil is a solids-containing feed oil and/or filtrate; the purging medium is inactive gas and/or flushing oil.
32. The method of claim 31, wherein the rinse oil is a filtrate.
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