CN102002385A - Device and method for separating residue from catalytic cracking oil slurry - Google Patents
Device and method for separating residue from catalytic cracking oil slurry Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The patent discloses a device for separating residue from catalytic cracking oil slurry, which comprises at least two filter sets and a filter cake tank, wherein the at least two filter sets are formed by connecting pre-filters and fine filters; the filter cake tank is arranged between the bottoms of the pre-filters and the fine filters for accommodating a peeled filter cake and washed washing oil; the bottom of each pre-filter is connected with a raw material oil slurry inlet and a washing oil inlet, and the bottom of each fine filter is connected and provided with a washing oil inlet for washing the filter core of the filter; an oil slurry filtrate outlet is formed on the top of each fine filter; and backwash air inlets are formed on the tops of both the pre-filters and the fine filters. Meanwhile, the patent also discloses a method using the device. The residual catalyst content of the oil slurry filtrate processed by the device in the patent is less than 0.01 percent, and filtrate content is less than 0.02 percent.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to petrochemical industry, relate in particular to a kind of by removing by filter catalytically cracked oil medium pitch matter and residual catalyst particle, the device and the method for raising catalytically cracked oil quality.
Background technology
Catalytic cracking is most important a kind of heavy oil lighting technology in the petroleum refining industry, the fragrant component that contains a large amount of aromatic hydrocarbons and naphthenic hydrocarbon and the low condensation degree of part in the catalytically cracked oil, the fragrant component of wherein contained naphthenic hydrocarbon and condensation degree can be as the raw material of hydrocracking, production high-quality light hydrocarbon component; In addition, catalyzer cracking slurry oil is because component is heavy, fragrance part content height, has therefore that density is big, viscosity is big, with characteristics such as the solvability of macromolecular material and consistencies.But common catalytically cracked oil is because bituminous matter and the residual existence of granules of catalyst, especially the residual existence of granules of catalyst, limited the exploitation of its purposes, petroleum refining industry generally only uses it as low side fuel at present, thereby has caused the profligacy of resource.
Removed the residual catalyst particle and bitum high-quality catalyzer cracking slurry oil can make full use of its hydrocarbon composition characteristics advantage, as improving the Rubber Softener of Rubber processing performance and the softening agent of Vinylite, as cracking stock, further cracking generates light ends, also can be used as the raw materials for production of needle coke, carbon black and carbon fiber.Purposes is very extensive.
At present, be a global problem by separate asphaltenes and the residual raising catalytically cracked oil of granules of catalyst quality.All there is the correlation technique patent home and abroad, through our retrieval analysis, finds to mainly contain following several separation method:
First kind, adopt the combination of a kind of separate mode such as precipitation, extraction, filtration, cyclonic separation or several separate modes to remove residual catalyst in the catalytically cracked oil, to improve the catalytically cracked oil quality.For example application number is US19900589429, the applying date is the United States Patent (USP) " Removal of particulate solids from a hot hydrocarbon slurry oil " (document number is US5076910) in September 28 nineteen ninety, this patent adopts a kind of slurry oil heavier than catalytic slurry to make extraction solvent, by a certain percentage with after slurry oil mixes, enter a flash tank, allow catalytically cracked oil get rid of from flash drum overhead in the mode of gaseous state flash distillation, thereby granules of catalyst is transferred in the heavier solvent by slurry oil, to reach the purpose of purifying and catalytic cracking slurry oil.Though this patent is the purifying and catalytic cracking slurry oil thoroughly, processing condition harshness, cost are too high, are not easy to industrialization promotion.
Second kind, adopt and in slurry oil, introduce organic solvent (water) or other auxiliary agents, by extraction, breakdown of emulsion, in slurry oil, the residual catalyst transfer of granules is in extraction solvent, and the weak point of this method is not only will consume a large amount of solvents, and can not realize liquid-solid thorough separation.For example application number is to be that the Chinese invention patent " a kind of capturing settling agent and remove the method for catalyst solid powder in the slurry oil " on September 21st, 2009 provides a kind of by add a kind of capturing settling agent in slurry oil 200910190490.5 applyings date, help the granules of catalyst sedimentation, and the sedimentation by certain hour, reach liquid-solid isolating purpose, this technology is the cost height not only, and liquid-solid separation is not thorough, separates the granules of catalyst solid that the back slurry oil still contains 0.05%wt.
The third, adopt the method for filtering separation to separate residual catalyst particle in the slurry oil, for example application number is 99109217.1, the applying date is the method that the Chinese invention patent method of separating catalyst particles " a kind of from catalytically cracked oil " on June 22nd, 1999 has proposed a kind of filtering separation catalytically cracked oil, adopt parallel way to connect three filter plants, realize that by steps such as filtration, back flushing, dilutions the catalyst solid particle separates with slurry oil.This method adopts the method for physical filtering to come separating catalyst particles fully, be the comparatively comparatively simple method of economy, technology of a kind of cost, but in the middle of actual motion, we find this patented method, and there are the following problems:
1, strainer stops up easily, through investigation, it is very serious to adopt at present filter separation method to carry out the latch up phenomenon of the general filter response of technician of factory of the isolating chemical oil refining of catalyst recovery, often cause break-down maintenance, waste time and energy, the phenomenon of filter stoppage causes domestic and international producer to abandon adopting this method to carry out the catalytically cracked oil separation substantially, adopt first kind or second method to carry out slurry oil to separate and change, this also can know something about from the distributed number of the domestic patent application of China in this field, after Oil Refinery No.1, Northern China Petroleum Administration in 1999 has applied for the method for separating catalyst particles " a kind of from catalytically cracked oil ", domestic just never again about adopting the new patent application of filter separation method separating catalyst particles from catalytically cracked oil, be that organic solvent (water) is introduced in second kind of employing in slurry oil or other auxiliary agent methods come the patent application of separating catalyst particles constantly to increase on the contrary, illustrate that filter stoppage is to adopt filter separation method to carry out the bottleneck technology of catalyst separating, is difficult to obtain break through always.
2, still contain the granules of catalyst about 0.02% in the slurry oil after this patented method is handled, be difficult to further promote the quality of slurry oil clear liquid.
Recognized the cost economy of filtration and separation techniques just, and considered the bottleneck place of filtering separation, the contriver is through constantly research and development test, finally overcome the technical problem that exists in the prior art, provide a kind of simply, effectively, separating residual granules of catalyst and bituminous matter from common catalytically cracked oil cheaply, thereby the method for producing high-quality slurry oil.
Summary of the invention
The invention provides a kind of from catalytically cracked oil the method for separating residual thing, improved existing filter separation method, improved the quality of handling back slurry oil clear liquid simultaneously.The present invention also provide simultaneously a kind of from catalytically cracked oil the device of separating residual thing, utilize this device to adopt method of the present invention just can obtain high-quality slurry oil.
Technical scheme of the present invention is:
A kind of from catalytically cracked oil the device of separating residual thing, comprise
At least two groups are connected in series the filter set that forms by prefilter with fine filter;
One bottom that is connected described prefilter and described fine filter be used to be installed with after peeling off filter cake with clean after the filter cake jar of wash oil;
The bottom of described prefilter is equipped with a stock oil slurry inlet and wash oil import, and the bottom of described fine filter is equipped with the wash oil import that is used for the filter rinsed filter core; The top of described fine filter is provided with the outlet of slurry oil cleaner liquid; The top of described prefilter and described fine filter is equipped with the backwash gas import that is used to carry out the filter core backwash operation.
Further, described filter set is first filter set and second filter set, to reach default maximal pressure poor when the filtration pressure difference of the prefilter of first filter set or fine filter, then first filter set stops the slurry oil filtration, the stock oil slurry inlet of second filter set is opened and is carried out filter operation, the backwash gas of certain pressure is oppositely introduced first filter set its filter element is carried out back flushing, and filter cake is peeled off from its filter element.
Further, the filter core of described prefilter is to carve shaped metal to twine the silk filter core, and the filtering accuracy scope of described filter core is 2～10 microns.The structure of carving shaped metal winding silk filter core can guarantee effectively that filter core is not blocked.
Further, the filter core of described fine filter is asymmetric metal powder sintered microfiltration membrane filter core, and the filtering accuracy scope of described filter core is 0.2～1.0 micron.Adopt asymmetric metal powder sintered microfiltration membrane filter core can effectively guarantee filtering precision.
Further, described filter set filtration temperature scope is 250～350 ℃, and filter pressure is 0.5～1.2Mpa; The default maximal pressure difference of described filter set is 0.20～0.35MPa, and described backwashing pressure is 0.3～0.6Mpa, and the back flushing temperature range is 200～320 ℃.
Further, described filter set filtration temperature scope is 270～300 ℃, and filter pressure is 0.7～1.0Mpa.
Further, described slurry oil cleaner liquid residual catalyst content is less than 0.01%, and asphalt content is less than 0.02%.
This patent also provides a kind of method of utilizing said apparatus separating residual thing from catalytically cracked oil, comprises following processing step:
(a) the first filter set pre-filtering: the prefilter of first filter set carries out pre-filtering to the raw material slurry oil, and the granules of catalyst and the bituminous matter of volume particle size in the raw material slurry oil filtered out;
(b) first filter set is smart filters: the fine filter of first filter set is to filtering once more through slurry oil after the pre-filtering, the granules of catalyst of the small grain size in the slurry oil after the pre-filtering and bituminous matter filtered out obtain the slurry oil cleaner liquid;
When the filtration pressure difference of the prefilter of first filter set or fine filter reaches set(ting)value, first filter set stops slurry oil and filters, second filter set is carried out pre-filtering, the smart filtration to slurry oil, prefilter and fine filter that the backwash gas of certain pressure is oppositely introduced first filter set carry out back flushing to its filter element, and filter cake is peeled off from described filter element; When the filtration pressure difference of the prefilter of second filter set or fine filter reaches set(ting)value, second filter set stops slurry oil and filters, first filter set is carried out pre-filtering, the smart filtration to slurry oil once more, makes first filter set, second filter set hocket filter operation, backwash operation.
Further, after described filter cake is peeled off from described filter element, adopt wash oil to clean described filter element.
Further, the filter cake after peeling off from described filter element, the wash oil after cleaning described filter element is discharged into the filter cake jar.
The whole service process of apparatus of the present invention is: the raw material slurry oil of certain temperature at first enters the prefilter of first filter set, the granules of catalyst of volume particle size and bituminous matter are held back by the prefilter of first filter set, carrying the first oil strain of catalyst particle secretly starches by the fine filter that enters first filter set after the prefilter discharge, in fine filter, catalyst particle is trapped within the fine filter surface, the slurry oil cleaner liquid of the bituminous matter that has been removed and granules of catalyst becomes the finished product-high-quality slurry oil.In the operational process, when the filter cake of the cartridge surface of the strainer of first filter set reaches certain thickness, after filtration pressure difference reaches set(ting)value (0.35Mpa), first filter set stops slurry oil and filters, the slurry oil import of second filter set is opened, second filter set is according to pre-filtering, smart filtering order begins the slurry oil filter operation, meanwhile, the backwash gas of certain pressure is carried out back flushing from the strainer of reverse introducing first filter set to filter core, filter cake is peeled off from filter core, clean filter core with cleaning slurry oil again, the wash oil of the filter cake after peeling off after cleaning is discharged into the filter cake jar.Always can continuous operation for assurance equipment, the filter set of two groups of parallel connections is set at least, when first filter set stopped to filter just in back flushing, second filter set can also be proceeded filter operation, thereby guaranteed the continuity of filter operation.
Technique effect of the present invention is embodied in:
Adopted cascade filtration, cause filter stoppage owing to adopt single strainer to filter in the prior art, trace it to its cause and be the requirement of filtering accuracy and the contradiction of filtration velocity, just expect the granules of catalyst in the raw material slurry oil is filtered out as much as possible by a strainer, simultaneously guarantee filtering smooth and easy and speed again, this is the contradiction that is difficult to be in harmonious proportion, therefore, often cause the regular obstruction of strainer in the practice, finally reelect other separation methods.The cascade filtration that adopts among the present invention, filter with smart by filtration procedure being decomposed into pre-filtering, the filtering accuracy that makes whole device reaching step by step, rather than just reach suddenly quickly, thereby solved the problem of filter stoppage from the source, secondly, back flushing adopts wash oil to clean later, thereby makes the filtration capacity of filter element return to the preceding level of stopping up; Once more the running environment of device is further optimized, stopped up possibility thereby reduce to filter.Adopt the final slurry oil cleaner liquid residual catalyst content that obtains of method of the present invention and device less than 0.01%, asphalt content is less than 0.02%, and effect is very obvious.
Description of drawings
By the description of its exemplary embodiment being carried out below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the above-mentioned feature and advantage of the present invention will become apparent and understand easily.
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the device from catalytically cracked oil separating residual thing of the present invention.
Embodiment
As shown in Figure 1, a kind of device that utilizes processing method of the present invention from catalytically cracked oil separating residual thing, comprise two set filter groups, first filter set 1 is composed in series by prefilter 101 and fine filter 102, the top of prefilter 101 is provided with pre-filtering oil plant outlet, this pre-filtering oil plant outlet is connected to the bottom of fine filter 102, second filter set 2 is composed in series by prefilter 201 and fine filter 202, the top of prefilter 201 is provided with pre-filtering oil plant outlet, and this pre-filtering oil plant outlet is connected to the bottom of fine filter 202.Filter cake jar 3 is arranged on the bottom of prefilter 101,201 and fine filter 102,202, be used to be installed with after peeling off filter cake with clean after wash oil; The bottom of prefilter 101,201 is equipped with a stock oil slurry inlet and wash oil import, and the bottom of fine filter 102,202 is equipped with the wash oil import that is used for the filter rinsed filter core; The top of fine filter 102,202 is provided with the outlet of slurry oil cleaner liquid; The top of prefilter 101,201 and fine filter 102,202 is equipped with the backwash gas import that is used to carry out backwash operation.
In the operational process, when the prefilter 101 of first filter set 1 or the filtration pressure difference of fine filter 102 reach 0.35Mpa, then first filter set 1 stops the slurry oil filtration, the backwash gas of certain pressure is oppositely introduced 1 pair of filter element of first filter set carry out back flushing, filter cake is peeled off from described filter element, at this moment, second filter set 2 is started working, the raw material slurry oil no longer is input to prefilter 101 at this moment, and be input to prefilter 201, like this, the filter operation that hockets of first filter set 1 and second filter set 2, thus assurance device can run well always.
Certainly, in this patent,, can adopt many set filters group, thereby increase treatment capacity, also have many set filters group to be in the backwash operation simultaneously, and do not have filter set to carry out normal processing in order to prevent for the aggrandizement apparatus treatment capacity.In this patent, prefilter and fine filter can be prefilter group, the fine filter groups that many strainers are formed, and can further reduce the obstruction of strainer like this.
In this patent, prefilter 101,201 adopts carves a shaped metal winding silk filter core, and the filter core outside surface of this strainer twines wire by one deck wedge shape to be formed, and inside is the enhancement type skeleton structure.Because the filtration duct of cartridge surface is the narrowest,, can guarantee effectively that filter core is not blocked so there is not the pollution problem of filter core duct.Fine filter 102,202 adopts asymmetric metal microfiltration membrane filter core, effective filtration medium of this filter core is made of the metal that one deck rides on the thicker porous metal material of hole, the metallics of outside surface is sintered to the secondary filter layer of one deck densification, and the filtering accuracy of this filtering layer reaches as high as 0.1 μ m.This structures shape the filtration characteristics of its surface filtration, do not have blockage problem.
The optimum temperature range of filter set filter operation is 270～300 ℃, and temperature is too low, and the viscosity of material uprises, and filter core is under same pressure reduction condition, and flux diminishes, and processing power reduces; If temperature is too high, can cause the coking that contains two strong components of slurry oil, increase separating difficulty.The optimal pressure range of filter operation is: 0.7～1.0MPa, pressure are too low, and material flow reduces, and the slurry oil processing power of the filter core of same area decreases; Pressure is too high, can increase power consumption and equipment investment cost.
The optimal pressure range of back flushing is: the too high easy damage filter core of 0.4～0.5MPa, pressure; Pressure is too low, and the filter cake removal effect is bad.The optimum temps of cleaning process operation is: 250～280 ℃, temperature is too low, and the viscosity of material uprises, and filter core is under same pressure reduction condition, and flow velocity diminishes, and cleaning performance is bad; If temperature is too high, can cause the coking that contains two strong components of slurry oil, increase residual load.
The optimum filtration precision of filter core is in the prefilter 101,201: 3～7 microns, filtering accuracy is too thick, and the bituminous matter that can cause filtering early stage is worn filter; Filtering accuracy is too high, and treatment capacity reduces, and filter cake pressure reduction gathers way soon, is unfavorable for that long period operates.The metal microfiltration membrane optimum filtration precision of fine filter 201,202 is: 0.3～0.6 micron, filtering accuracy is too thick, and the less granules of catalyst of minute quantity particle diameter that can cause filtering early stage is worn filter; And in the catalyzer particle less than the ratio of 0.3 μ m less than 0.001%, can finish separating fully of catalyzer and slurry oil fully by means of filter cake.
In order further to check the technique effect of patent device and method, the experimental data as following table now is provided, experiment condition is: the residual catalyst content of raw material slurry oil: 1.0%, asphalt content 1.5%; The gaseous tension that blowback is washed is 0.6MPa; The temperature of cleaning operation is 260 ℃; Filter cake pressure reduction: 0.35MPa.
This experiment: slurry oil medium pitch matter content analysis method: adopt national standard analytical procedure SYT7550-2004; The analytical procedure of catalyst content in the slurry oil: grey point-score.
Can find out obviously that from table the final slurry oil cleaner liquid residual catalyst content that obtains reaches below 0.005% substantially all less than 0.01%, asphalt content reaches below 0.016% substantially smaller or equal to 0.02%, and effect is very obvious.
Those skilled in the art will recognize that; above-mentioned embodiment is exemplary; be in order to make those skilled in the art can better understand this patent content; should not be construed as is restriction to this patent protection domain; change or modify so long as disclose spiritual any being equal to of being done, all fall into this patent protection domain according to this patent.
Claims (10)
1. the device of a separating residual thing from catalytically cracked oil is characterized in that, comprises
At least two groups are connected in series the filter set that forms by prefilter with fine filter;
One bottom that is connected described prefilter and described fine filter be used to be installed with after peeling off filter cake with clean after the filter cake jar of wash oil;
The bottom of described prefilter is equipped with a stock oil slurry inlet and wash oil import, and the bottom of described fine filter is equipped with the wash oil import that is used for the filter rinsed filter core; The top of described fine filter is provided with the outlet of slurry oil cleaner liquid; The top of described prefilter and described fine filter is equipped with the backwash gas import that is used to carry out the filter core backwash operation.
According to claim 1 described from catalytically cracked oil the device of separating residual thing, it is characterized in that,
Described filter set is first filter set and second filter set, after the filtration pressure difference of the prefilter of first filter set or fine filter reaches default maximal pressure difference, then first filter set stops the slurry oil filtration, the stock oil slurry inlet of second filter set is opened and is carried out filter operation, the backwash gas of certain pressure is oppositely introduced first filter set its filter element is carried out back flushing, and filter cake is peeled off from its filter element.
According to claim 2 described from catalytically cracked oil the device of separating residual thing, it is characterized in that,
The filter core of described prefilter is to carve shaped metal to twine the silk filter core, and the filtering accuracy scope of described filter core is 2～10 microns.
According to claim 2 described from catalytically cracked oil the device of separating residual thing, it is characterized in that,
The filter core of described fine filter is asymmetric metal powder sintered microfiltration membrane filter core, and the filtering accuracy scope of described filter core is 0.2～1.0 micron.
According to claim 2 described from catalytically cracked oil the device of separating residual thing, it is characterized in that,
Described filter set filtration temperature scope is 250～350 ℃, and filter pressure is 0.5～1.2Mpa; The default maximal pressure difference of described filter set is 0.20～0.35MPa, and described backwashing pressure is 0.3～0.6Mpa, and the back flushing temperature range is 200～320 ℃.
According to claim 5 described from catalytically cracked oil the device of separating residual thing, it is characterized in that,
Described filter set filtration temperature scope is 270～300 ℃, and filter pressure is 0.7～1.0Mpa.
According to claim 5 described from catalytically cracked oil the device of separating residual thing, it is characterized in that described slurry oil cleaner liquid residual catalyst content is less than 0.01%, asphalt content is less than 0.02%.
8. a method that adopts the described device of the arbitrary authority of claim 1 to 7 separating residual thing from catalytically cracked oil is characterized in that, comprises following processing step:
(a) the first filter set pre-filtering: the prefilter of first filter set carries out pre-filtering to the raw material slurry oil, and the granules of catalyst and the bituminous matter of volume particle size in the raw material slurry oil filtered out;
(b) first filter set is smart filters: the fine filter of first filter set is to filtering once more through slurry oil after the pre-filtering, the granules of catalyst of the small grain size in the slurry oil after the pre-filtering and bituminous matter filtered out obtain the slurry oil cleaner liquid;
When the filtration pressure difference of the prefilter of first filter set or fine filter reaches set(ting)value, first filter set stops slurry oil and filters, second filter set is carried out pre-filtering, the smart filtration to slurry oil, prefilter and fine filter that the backwash gas of certain pressure is oppositely introduced first filter set carry out back flushing to its filter element, and filter cake is peeled off from described filter element; When the filtration pressure difference of the prefilter of second filter set or fine filter reaches set(ting)value, second filter set stops slurry oil and filters, first filter set is carried out pre-filtering, the smart filtration to slurry oil once more, makes first filter set, second filter set hocket filter operation, backwash operation.
9. described according to Claim 8 from catalytically cracked oil the method for separating residual thing, it is characterized in that,
After described filter cake is peeled off from described filter element, adopt wash oil to clean described filter element.
10. described according to Claim 8 from catalytically cracked oil the method for separating residual thing, it is characterized in that,
Filter cake after peeling off from described filter element, the wash oil after cleaning described filter element is discharged into the filter cake jar.
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