CN114071130A - Underwater imaging lens imaging quality parameter detection method and underwater special collimator - Google Patents
Underwater imaging lens imaging quality parameter detection method and underwater special collimator Download PDFInfo
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- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 43
- 238000005286 illumination Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 18
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the field of underwater optical detection, and relates to an underwater imaging lens imaging quality parameter detection method and an underwater special collimator. The problem that the reliability and accuracy of a detection result obtained by using the existing detection method are difficult to guarantee is solved. The parallel light beams are generated in water, the imaging quality of the underwater imaging lens is directly detected in the actual water body environment, a direct measurement value can be obtained, and the reliability and accuracy of the measurement result are guaranteed. The underwater special collimator provided by the invention comprises a sealing shell and an optical component positioned in the sealing shell; the optical assembly comprises an illumination assembly, a partition plate assembly and a collimation optical system, wherein the partition plate assembly and the collimation optical system are sequentially and coaxially arranged along the light beam propagation direction of the illumination assembly; the collimating optical system is used for collimating the incident beam and ensuring that the beam which is emitted and enters the water body is parallel light. The light source can be used for detecting an underwater imaging instrument, can also be used as a standard parallel light source for researching a light transmission mechanism under water, and is a basic instrument of underwater optics.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of underwater optical detection, and particularly relates to a method for detecting imaging quality parameters of an underwater imaging lens and a special underwater collimator.
Background
The underwater optical imaging technology is used for shooting by simply sealing and packaging an imaging lens in air and then placing the imaging lens under water, but due to the difference of refractive indexes of a water medium and an air medium, the technology has the problems of image quality deterioration and field loss.
The underwater imaging lens is designed by considering the influence of the refractive index of the water body at the beginning of design, and the aberration can be optimized to the design level of the lens in the air. In order to inspect the imaging quality of the underwater imaging lens, after the underwater imaging lens is processed and assembled, an optical instrument such as a collimator in air is used for detecting the focal length and the resolution of the underwater imaging lens in air, and an actual value in air is compared with a theoretical simulation value when a lens object space medium is set to be air, and if the error between the actual value in air and the theoretical simulation value is within an acceptable range, the lens is considered to be qualified to be assembled.
The method is essentially used for indirectly evaluating the imaging quality of the underwater imaging lens in water by an in-air detection and theoretical simulation method. There are two problems: firstly, a direct measurement value of an imaging quality parameter of an underwater imaging lens under an actual water body environment cannot be obtained; secondly, actual assembly and machining errors are varied, and inevitable simulation model errors can be introduced through a method of detection in air and theoretical simulation; therefore, the obtained imaging quality parameter has a large difference with the imaging quality parameter in practical application, the reliability of the detection result is difficult to ensure, and the method has no practical reference significance.
There is also a method of measuring the imaging quality of the lens by placing an underwater imaging lens in a laboratory basin and placing resolution plate patterns in different object distance ranges of the lens. However, the method needs to accurately measure the object distance of the underwater lens, the measurement accuracy is difficult to guarantee, so that the accuracy of the detection result is difficult to guarantee, meanwhile, the requirement on the size of an experimental water pool is high when the object distance is large, the measurement work is inconvenient to carry out, and the method is not suitable for an infinite object distance optical system.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method for detecting imaging quality parameters of an underwater imaging lens and an underwater special collimator, and provides a basic detection method and a detection instrument for underwater optical instrument detection and underwater light beam transmission mechanism research. The problem that the reliability and accuracy of a detection result obtained by using the existing detection method are difficult to guarantee is solved.
The conception of the invention is as follows:
aiming at the problems of the existing underwater imaging lens imaging quality detection method, the invention directly detects the imaging quality of the underwater imaging lens in the actual water body environment by generating parallel light beams in water, can obtain the direct measurement value in the actual water body environment, avoids the influence of simulation model errors on the detection result, and ensures that the measurement result is reliable and accurate. In addition, the method does not need to accurately measure the object distance of the underwater lens, and is suitable for an infinite object distance optical system. Meanwhile, in order to meet the requirement of generating parallel light beams in water, the invention also provides a special underwater collimator. The parallel light beam generated in water and the parallel light beam generated in air have the same importance, can be used for detecting an underwater imaging instrument, can also be used as a standard parallel light source for researching the mechanism of light transmission under water, and is a basic instrument of underwater optics.
Based on the above analysis, the present invention proposes the following technical solutions:
the method for detecting the imaging quality parameters of the underwater imaging lens is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
and 2, placing the underwater camera and the collimator in an actual water body environment, and generating parallel light beams in water by using the collimator to detect the imaging quality parameters of the underwater imaging lens.
Further, step 2 specifically comprises:
the underwater camera and the collimator are placed in a water tank filled with water, the water in the water tank is an actual using water body, and the collimator is utilized to generate parallel light beams in the water so as to detect imaging quality parameters of the underwater imaging lens.
Further, in step 2, the collimator is an underwater special collimator, and comprises a sealed shell and an optical assembly located inside the sealed shell;
the optical assembly comprises an illumination assembly, a partition plate assembly and a collimation optical system, wherein the partition plate assembly and the collimation optical system are sequentially and coaxially arranged along the light beam propagation direction of the illumination assembly;
the dividing plate assembly is positioned at the focal plane position of the collimating optical system;
the collimation optical system is used for collimating the incident beam and ensuring that the beam which is emitted and enters the water body is parallel light.
Further, the collimating optical system comprises a positive focal power double convex lens, a positive focal power second meniscus lens, a diaphragm, a negative focal power first meniscus lens and a flat window which are coaxially arranged in sequence along the light beam propagation direction;
air is used as a medium among the partition board assembly, the biconvex lens, the second meniscus lens, the diaphragm, the first meniscus lens and the flat window.
Further, the convex surfaces of the second meniscus lens and the first meniscus lens face the focal plane.
Further, the materials of the flat plate window, the first meniscus lens, the second meniscus lens and the double convex lens are H-K9L, ZF51, H-ZK11 and H-ZF39 respectively.
Further, the thicknesses of the flat plate window, the first meniscus lens, the second meniscus lens and the double convex lens are respectively 3mm, 3.2mm, 7.8mm and 8mm, and the adjacent air space is respectively 3mm, 15.05mm and 6 mm.
Further, the distance between the first meniscus lens and the diaphragm is 0.3mm, and the distance between the diaphragm and the second meniscus lens is 14.75 mm.
Furthermore, the reticle assembly comprises ground glass and a reticle which are coaxially arranged in sequence along the propagation direction of the light beam; the light beam emitted from the illumination assembly is homogenized by the ground glass and then shines on the collimation optical system through the reticle.
Furthermore, the reticle assembly further comprises a reticle mounting seat fixed inside the sealed shell, a reticle slot is formed in the reticle mounting seat, the reticle is mounted in the reticle slot, and the air interval between the reticle and the double-convex lens is 368mm +/-0.1 mm.
Furthermore, the underwater special collimator also comprises an adjusting bracket, the sealing shell is fixed on the adjusting bracket, and the posture of the sealing shell can be adjusted by adjusting the pitching azimuth angle of the adjusting bracket, so that the posture of the optical axis of the underwater special collimator is adjusted. The adjusting bracket can also realize balance weight, and the collimator can be stably placed in water.
Furthermore, the sealing shell comprises a collimator tube and a sealing cover buckled at one end of the collimator tube, and the other end of the collimator tube is sealed by using a flat plate window of the collimating optical system.
Further, the collimator lens barrel and the flat plate window are sealed by a sealing ring and are compressed by a window pressing ring; a sealing ring is additionally arranged between the collimator lens barrel and the sealing cover to ensure the air tightness of the interior of the collimator.
Furthermore, the collimator lens barrel and the sealing cover buckled at one end of the collimator lens barrel are made of 6061 alloy materials.
Furthermore, the lighting assembly supplies power for a self-contained mode, the assembly comprises a battery power supply, a lamp holder and a bulb, the battery power supply is fixed inside the sealed shell through the lamp holder, the bulb is directly supplied with power by the battery power supply, external wiring is not needed, and the main function is to provide an underwater lighting source for the system.
Further, the underwater imaging quality parameters in the step 2 include the resolution of the underwater imaging lens, the focal length of the underwater imaging lens and/or the field angle of the underwater imaging lens.
Further, when detecting the resolution of the underwater imaging lens, the step 2 specifically includes the following steps:
step 2a1, replacing a reticle in a reticle assembly in the underwater special collimator tube with a resolution plate;
step 2a2, placing the underwater camera and the underwater special collimator assembled in the step 2a1 into a water tank filled with water;
step 2a3, adjusting the pose of the underwater special collimator to enable the optical axis of the underwater special collimator to coincide with the optical axis of the underwater camera;
step 2a4, controlling an underwater camera to shoot a resolution plate photo of the focal plane position of the underwater special collimator;
step 2a5, reading clearly identifiable line pair group number N on resolution board photo0(ii) a Calculating the resolution of the underwater imaging lens to be detected by using the following formula:
whereinNIs the linear logarithm of the resolution ratio of the underwater imaging lens to be measured,f 0is the focal length of the underwater special collimator,f cis the underwater camera focal length.
Further, when detecting the focal length of the underwater imaging lens, the step 2 specifically includes the following steps:
step 2b1, placing the underwater special collimator and the underwater camera in a water tank filled with water; adjusting the underwater special collimator to enable the optical axis of the underwater special collimator to be coincident with the optical axis of the underwater camera;
step 2b2, shooting a reticle photo of the focal plane position of the underwater special collimator;
step 2b3, reading the height of the image space of the reticle on the reticle photo
Calculating the focal length of the underwater imaging lens according to the following formula:
wherein A is the height of the object space of the reticle,
the focal length of the underwater special collimator;
further, when detecting the field angle of the underwater imaging lens, the step 2 specifically includes the following steps:
step 2c1, replacing the reticle in the reticle assembly in the underwater special collimator tube with a star point plate;
step 2c2, placing the underwater camera and the underwater special collimator assembled in the step 2c1 into a water tank filled with water;
step 2c3, placing a rotating platform below the underwater camera to ensure that the rotating shaft of the rotating platform is superposed with the entrance pupil position of the underwater imaging lens to be detected; simultaneously ensuring that the optical axis of the underwater imaging lens to be detected and the optical axis of the collimator are in the same horizontal plane;
and 2c4, rotating the underwater camera to shoot star point plate images in the underwater special collimator, wherein the angle at which the star point plate images disappear is the half field angle of the underwater imaging lens to be detected.
The invention also provides a special underwater collimator which is characterized in that: the optical module comprises a sealed shell and an optical component positioned in the sealed shell;
the optical assembly comprises an illumination assembly, a partition plate assembly and a collimation optical system, wherein the partition plate assembly and the collimation optical system are sequentially and coaxially arranged along the light beam propagation direction of the illumination assembly;
the dividing plate assembly is positioned at the focal plane position of the collimating optical system;
the collimation optical system is used for collimating the incident beam and ensuring that the beam which is emitted and enters the water body is parallel light.
Further, the collimating optical system comprises a positive focal power double convex lens, a positive focal power second meniscus lens, a diaphragm, a negative focal power first meniscus lens and a flat window which are coaxially arranged in sequence along the light beam propagation direction;
air is used as a medium among the partition board assembly, the biconvex lens, the second meniscus lens, the diaphragm, the first meniscus lens and the flat window.
Further, the convex surfaces of the second meniscus lens and the first meniscus lens face the focal plane.
Further, the materials of the flat plate window, the first meniscus lens, the second meniscus lens and the double convex lens are H-K9L, ZF51, H-ZK11 and H-ZF39 respectively.
Further, the thicknesses of the flat plate window, the first meniscus lens, the second meniscus lens and the double convex lens are respectively 3mm, 3.2mm, 7.8mm and 8mm, and the adjacent air space is respectively 3mm, 15.05mm and 6 mm.
Further, the distance between the first meniscus lens and the diaphragm is 0.3mm, and the distance between the diaphragm and the second meniscus lens is 14.75 mm.
Furthermore, the reticle assembly comprises ground glass and a reticle which are coaxially arranged in sequence along the propagation direction of the light beam; the light beam emitted from the illumination assembly is homogenized by the ground glass and then shines on the collimation optical system through the reticle.
Furthermore, the reticle assembly further comprises a reticle mounting seat fixed inside the sealed shell, a reticle slot is formed in the reticle mounting seat, the reticle is mounted in the reticle slot, and the air interval between the reticle and the double-convex lens is 368mm +/-0.1 mm.
Furthermore, the underwater special collimator also comprises an adjusting bracket, the sealing shell is fixed on the adjusting bracket, and the posture of the sealing shell can be adjusted by adjusting the pitching azimuth angle of the adjusting bracket, so that the posture of the optical axis of the collimator is adjusted. The adjusting bracket can also realize balance weight, and the collimator can be stably placed in water.
Furthermore, the sealing shell comprises a collimator tube and a sealing cover buckled at one end of the collimator tube, and the other end of the collimator tube is sealed by using a flat plate window of the collimating optical system.
Further, the collimator lens barrel and the flat plate window are sealed by a sealing ring and are compressed by a window pressing ring; a sealing ring is additionally arranged between the collimator lens barrel and the sealing cover to ensure the air tightness of the interior of the collimator.
Furthermore, the collimator lens barrel and the sealing cover buckled at one end of the collimator lens barrel are made of 6061 alloy materials.
Furthermore, the lighting assembly supplies power for a self-contained mode, the assembly comprises a battery power supply, a lamp holder and a bulb, the lighting assembly is fixed inside the sealed shell through the lamp holder, the bulb is directly supplied with power by the battery power supply, external wiring is not needed, and the main function is to provide an underwater lighting source for the system.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the invention can directly detect the imaging quality of the underwater imaging lens in the actual water body environment by generating parallel light beams in water, can obtain a direct measurement value in the actual water body environment, can effectively avoid detection errors caused by environment difference in the detection and use processes, avoids the influence of simulation model errors on the detection result, and improves the imaging quality detection result of the underwater imaging lens. The method fills the blank in the field of underwater imaging lens imaging quality detection under water, and provides an effective detection method for underwater optical instrument installation and calibration inspection and underwater optical transmission mechanism research.
2. The method does not need to accurately measure the object distance of the underwater lens, and is suitable for an infinite object distance optical system.
3. Aiming at the underwater use environment, the invention develops the special underwater collimator, the wavelength band used by a collimation optical system in the collimator is visible light (380 nm-780 nm), the full field angle is 4.8 degrees, the underwater focal length is 300mm, and the entrance pupil diameter is 30 mm. The method completely meets the index requirements of underwater lens imaging quality detection in water, and provides a basic instrument for underwater optical instrument installation and calibration inspection and underwater optical transmission mechanism research.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the structure of an underwater collimator for special use in the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a collimating optical system according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a diagram of the optical transfer function of the collimating optical system of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a graph of field curvature distortion for a collimating optical system of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is an aberration sector of the collimating optical system of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a dot-column diagram of a collimating optical system of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a partial enlarged view of the reticle assembly structure in the underwater special collimator according to the present invention;
the reference numbers in the figures are:
1-an illumination assembly, 2-a partition plate assembly, 3-a collimating optical system, 4-a sealed shell and 5-an adjusting bracket; 11-battery power supply, 12-lamp holder, 13-bulb, 21-ground glass, 22-reticle, 23-reticle mounting seat, 31-flat plate window, 32-first meniscus lens, 33-diaphragm, 34-second meniscus lens, 35-double convex lens, 41-collimator lens barrel and 42-sealing cover.
Detailed Description
In order to make the aforementioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention comprehensible, specific embodiments accompanied with figures are described in detail below, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are a part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without making creative efforts based on the embodiments of the present invention, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present invention, but the present invention may be practiced in other ways than those specifically described and will be readily apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art without departing from the spirit of the present invention, and therefore the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.
Furthermore, reference herein to "one embodiment" or "an embodiment" means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment is included in at least one implementation of the invention. The appearances of the phrase "in other embodiments" in various places in the specification are not necessarily all referring to the same embodiment, nor are separate or alternative embodiments mutually exclusive of other embodiments.
Furthermore, the present invention is described in detail with reference to the drawings, and in the detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention, the cross-sectional view illustrating the structure of the device is not enlarged partially according to the general scale for convenience of illustration, and the drawings are only exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. In addition, the three-dimensional dimensions of length, width and depth should be included in the actual fabrication.
Also in the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the term "first or second" is used for descriptive purposes only and is not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
The terms "mounted, connected and connected" in the present invention are to be understood broadly, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, for example: can be fixedly connected, detachably connected or integrally connected: they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.
In order to improve the reliability of the imaging quality detection of the underwater imaging lens, the invention is different from the existing detection method, and the detection of the imaging quality of the underwater imaging lens is directly completed underwater by using a collimator. The method specifically comprises the following two steps:
and 2, placing the underwater camera and the collimator in an actual water body environment, and generating parallel light beams in water by using the collimator to detect the underwater imaging quality parameters.
As can be seen from fig. 1, the collimator of this embodiment is a special underwater collimator, and includes a sealed housing 4, an adjusting bracket 5, an illumination assembly 1, a reticle assembly 2, and a collimating optical system 3. The sealed shell 4 is fixed on the adjusting support 5, the lighting assembly 1, the reticle assembly 2 and the collimating optical system 3 are all fixed inside the sealed shell 4, and the reticle assembly 2 and the collimating optical system 3 are sequentially and coaxially arranged in an emergent light path of the lighting assembly 1. The light beam emitted by the illumination assembly 1 passes through the reticle assembly 2 and is irradiated to the collimating optical system 3, and then is emitted as parallel light, where it should be noted that the emission of the parallel light means that the light beam entering the water body is parallel light. In other embodiments, the collimator may be in other structures, as long as it is ensured that the collimator can emit parallel light under water.
As shown in fig. 7, the lighting assembly 1 is mainly used for providing a lighting beam, and the present embodiment adopts a self-contained power supply assembly, which can be seen from the figure, and includes a battery power supply 11, a lamp holder 12 and a bulb 13, and the lamp holder 12 is fixed inside the sealed housing 4, and the battery power supply 11 is used for directly supplying power to the bulb 13, and no external wiring is required, so as to facilitate underwater application.
The reticle assembly 2 comprises a ground glass 21 and a reticle 22 which are coaxially arranged in sequence along the light beam propagation direction, and can further comprise a reticle mounting seat 23 fixed inside the sealed shell 4 for mounting and replacing the reticle 22, a reticle slot is formed in the reticle mounting seat 23, and the reticle 22 is mounted in the reticle slot and located at the focal plane position of the collimating optical system 3. The light beam emitted by the illumination assembly 1 is scattered and homogenized by the ground glass 21, and then is irradiated to the collimating optical system 3 through the reticle 22, and because the reticle 22 is located at the focal plane position of the collimating optical system 3, the light beam transmitted through the reticle 22 is collimated by the collimating optical system 3 and then is emitted as parallel light. In order to avoid the corrosion of the optical lens coating film caused by the moisture in the air inside the sealed housing, the reticle assembly 2 may further include a desiccant box.
The collimating optical system 3 includes a double convex lens 35 with positive power, a second meniscus lens 34 with positive power (convex surface facing to the focal plane), a diaphragm 33, a first meniscus lens 32 with negative power (convex surface facing to the focal plane), and a concentric flat plate window 31, which are coaxially arranged in sequence along the light beam propagation direction; air is used as a medium between the double convex lens 35, the second meniscus lens 34, the stop 33, the first meniscus lens 32, and the concentric flat plate window 31, and water is used as a medium outside (to the left) the flat plate window 31.
The flat plate window 31, the first meniscus lens 32, the second meniscus lens 34 and the double convex lens 35 are respectively made of H-K9L, ZF51, H-ZK11 and H-ZF39, the thicknesses of the flat plate window, the first meniscus lens 32, the second meniscus lens 34 and the double convex lens are respectively 3mm, 3.2mm, 7.8mm and 8mm, and the space between adjacent air is respectively 3mm, 15.05mm and 6 mm.
The distance between the first meniscus lens 32 and the diaphragm 33 is 0.3mm and the distance between the diaphragm 33 and the second meniscus lens 34 is 14.75 mm.
The distance between the biconvex lens 35 of positive power and the reticle 22 is 368mm ± 0.1 mm.
The specific profile data of the collimating optical system 3 are shown in the following table:
the collimating optical system 3 uses visible light (380 nm-780 nm) with a wavelength band, a full field angle of 4.8 degrees, a water focal length of 300mm and an entrance pupil diameter of 30 mm. The optical transfer function is shown in fig. 3. As can be seen from FIG. 3, the full-field resolution of the collimating optical system can reach 120lp/mm or more, and the requirement of the underwater optical system for detection resolution is completely met. As can be seen from fig. 4, 5 and 6, various aberrations such as distortion, spherical aberration and chromatic aberration of the designed collimating optical system are well corrected.
As shown in fig. 7, the sealed housing 4 includes a collimator lens barrel 41 and a sealing cap 42 fastened to one end thereof, and the other end is sealed by the flat window 31 of the collimating optical system 3. The collimator lens barrel 41 and the flat plate window 31 are sealed by a sealing ring and are pressed tightly by a window pressing ring; a sealing ring is additionally arranged between the collimator lens barrel 41 and the sealing cover 42 to ensure the air tightness of the interior of the collimator. The collimator tube 41 and the sealing cover 42 fastened at one end thereof are made of 6061 alloy material.
The adjusting bracket 5 plays a role in supporting and adjusting the optical axis, and can also realize counterweight, so that the collimator can be stably placed in water. The pose of the seal housing 4 can be adjusted according to the pose of the adjusting bracket 5. In other embodiments, the adjustment of the position of the seal housing 4 may be performed by other adjustment assemblies.
The detection of the corresponding imaging parameters can be realized through the following specific processes:
scene 1: detecting the resolution of the underwater imaging lens:
and (5) mounting the underwater imaging lens to be detected and the camera, and then carrying out watertight packaging to assemble the underwater camera. The reticle 22 in the replacement underwater dedicated collimator-collimator parallel reticle assembly 2 is a resolution plate. Placing the underwater special collimator and the underwater camera in a water tank filled with water, wherein the water in the water tank is an actual water body; and adjusting the bracket 5 by adjusting the special underwater collimator to ensure that the optical axis of the collimator coincides with the optical axis of the underwater camera. Controlling an underwater camera to shoot a resolution plate photo of the focal plane position of an underwater special collimator, and reading the clearly identifiable number N of line pair groups on the photo0. The resolution of the underwater imaging lens is calculated by the following formula:
wherein N is the linear logarithm of the resolution ratio of the underwater imaging lens to be detected,N 0for the line pair number on the resolution plate to be clearly resolved,f 0is the focal length of the underwater special collimator,f cis the underwater camera focal length.
When the resolution of the edge view field of the underwater imaging lens is measured, the underwater camera is rotated around the entrance pupil position of the underwater imaging lens, so that the underwater special collimator resolution plate is imaged on the edge part of the target surface of the underwater camera, and the resolution value of the size of the rotated view field is read by adopting the same method.
Scene 2: detecting the focal length of the underwater imaging lens:
and (5) mounting the underwater lens to be tested and the camera, and then carrying out watertight packaging to assemble the underwater camera. Placing the underwater special collimator and the underwater camera in a water tank filled with water, wherein the water in the water tank is an actual water body; and adjusting the support 5 by adjusting the underwater special collimator to ensure that the optical axis of the underwater special collimator is superposed with the optical axis of the underwater camera. Taking a picture of the reticle 22 at the focal plane position of the underwater special collimator, and reading the image space height of the reticle 22 on the picture
. The focal length of the underwater imaging lens is calculated by the following formula:
where A is the object space height of reticle 22,
the focal length of the underwater special collimator.
Scene 3: detecting the field angle of the underwater imaging lens:
and (5) mounting the underwater lens to be tested and the camera, and then carrying out watertight packaging to assemble the underwater camera. The reticle 22 in the special collimator reticle assembly 2 is replaced by a star point plate. Placing the underwater special collimator and the underwater camera in a water tank filled with water, wherein the water in the water tank is an actual water body; and a rotating platform is arranged below the underwater camera, so that the rotating shaft of the rotating platform is ensured to coincide with the entrance pupil position of the underwater imaging lens to be detected. And simultaneously, the optical axis of the underwater imaging lens to be detected and the optical axis of the underwater special collimator are ensured to be in the same horizontal plane. And rotating the underwater camera to shoot the star point plate image in the underwater special collimator, wherein the angle at which the star point plate image disappears is the half field angle of the underwater imaging lens to be detected.
Claims (32)
1. The method for detecting the imaging quality parameters of the underwater imaging lens is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
step 1, mounting an underwater imaging lens to be detected and a camera, and performing watertight packaging to assemble an underwater camera;
and 2, placing the underwater camera and the collimator in an actual water body environment, and generating parallel light beams in water by using the collimator to detect the imaging quality parameters of the underwater imaging lens.
2. The method for detecting the imaging quality parameters of the underwater imaging lens according to claim 1, wherein the step 2 specifically comprises:
the underwater camera and the collimator are placed in a water tank filled with water, the water in the water tank is an actual using water body, and the collimator is utilized to generate parallel light beams in the water so as to detect imaging quality parameters of the underwater imaging lens.
3. The underwater imaging lens imaging quality parameter detection method according to claim 2, characterized in that: in the step 2, the collimator is a special underwater collimator and comprises a sealing shell (4) and an optical assembly positioned in the sealing shell (4);
the optical assembly comprises an illumination assembly (1), a reticle assembly (2) and a collimation optical system (3), wherein the reticle assembly (2) and the collimation optical system are sequentially and coaxially arranged along the light beam propagation direction of the illumination assembly (1);
the dividing and dividing plate assembly (2) is positioned at the focal plane position of the collimating optical system (3);
the collimating optical system (3) is used for collimating the incident beam and ensuring that the beam which is emitted and enters the water body is parallel light.
4. The underwater imaging lens imaging quality parameter detection method according to claim 3, characterized in that: the collimating optical system (3) comprises a positive focal power double convex lens (35), a positive focal power second meniscus lens (34), a diaphragm (33), a negative focal power first meniscus lens (32) and a flat window (31) which are sequentially arranged along the light beam transmission direction with the optical axis;
air is used as a medium among the dividing and dividing plate component (2), the double convex lens (35), the second meniscus lens (34), the diaphragm (33), the first meniscus lens (32) and the flat plate window (31).
5. The underwater imaging lens imaging quality parameter detection method according to claim 4, characterized in that: the convex surfaces of the second meniscus lens (34) and the first meniscus lens (32) face to the focal plane.
6. The underwater imaging lens imaging quality parameter detection method according to claim 5, characterized in that: the flat plate window (31), the first meniscus lens (32), the second meniscus lens (34) and the double convex lens (35) are made of H-K9L, ZF51, H-ZK11 and H-ZF39 respectively.
7. The underwater imaging lens imaging quality parameter detection method according to claim 6, characterized in that: the thicknesses of the flat plate window (31), the first meniscus lens (32), the second meniscus lens (34) and the double convex lens (35) are respectively 3mm, 3.2mm, 7.8mm and 8mm, and the adjacent air intervals are respectively 3mm, 15.05mm and 6 mm.
8. The underwater imaging lens imaging quality parameter detection method according to claim 7, characterized in that: the distance between the first meniscus lens (32) and the diaphragm (33) is 0.3mm, and the distance between the diaphragm (33) and the second meniscus lens (34) is 14.75 mm.
9. The underwater imaging lens imaging quality parameter detection method according to claim 8, characterized in that: the dividing plate component (2) comprises ground glass (21) and a dividing plate (22) which are coaxially arranged in sequence along the propagation direction of light beams; the light beam emitted from the illumination assembly (1) is homogenized by the ground glass (21) and then shines on the collimation optical system (3) through the reticle (22).
10. The underwater imaging lens imaging quality parameter detection method according to claim 9, characterized in that: the reticle assembly (2) further comprises a reticle mounting seat (23) fixed inside the sealing shell (4), a reticle slot is formed in the reticle mounting seat (23), the reticle (22) is installed in the reticle slot, and the air interval between the reticle (22) and the biconvex lens (35) is 368mm +/-0.1 mm.
11. The underwater imaging lens imaging quality parameter detection method according to claim 10, characterized in that: the sealing device is characterized by further comprising an adjusting bracket (5), wherein the sealing shell (4) is fixed on the adjusting bracket (5).
12. The underwater imaging lens imaging quality parameter detection method according to claim 11, characterized in that: the sealing shell (4) comprises a collimator tube (41) and a sealing cover (42) buckled at one end of the collimator tube, and the other end of the sealing shell (4) is sealed by using a flat plate window (31) of the collimating optical system (3).
13. The underwater imaging lens imaging quality parameter detection method according to claim 12, characterized in that: the collimator tube (41) and the flat plate window (31) are sealed by a sealing ring and are compressed by a window pressing ring; the collimator tube 41 and the seal cover 42 are sealed by a seal ring.
14. The underwater imaging lens imaging quality parameter detection method according to claim 13, characterized in that: the collimator tube (41) and the sealing cover (42) buckled at one end adopt 6061 alloy materials.
15. The underwater imaging lens imaging quality parameter detection method according to claim 14, characterized in that: the lighting assembly (1) comprises a battery power supply (11), a lamp holder (12) and a bulb (13), the lighting assembly is fixed inside the sealed shell (4) through the lamp holder (12), and the battery power supply (11) is used for directly supplying power to the bulb (13).
16. The underwater imaging lens imaging quality parameter detection method according to any one of claims 1 to 15, characterized in that: and 2, the underwater imaging quality parameters comprise the resolution of the underwater imaging lens, the focal length of the underwater imaging lens and/or the field angle of the underwater imaging lens.
17. The method for detecting the imaging quality parameters of the underwater imaging lens according to claim 16, wherein when the resolution of the underwater imaging lens is detected, the step 2 specifically comprises the following steps:
step 2a1, replacing a reticle (22) in the reticle assembly (2) in the underwater special collimator with a resolution plate;
step 2a2, placing the underwater camera and the underwater special collimator assembled in the step 2a1 into a water tank filled with water;
step 2a3, adjusting the pose of the underwater special collimator to enable the optical axis of the underwater special collimator to coincide with the optical axis of the underwater camera;
step 2a4, controlling an underwater camera to shoot a resolution plate photo of the focal plane position of the underwater special collimator;
step 2a5, reading clearly identifiable line pair group number N on resolution board photo0(ii) a Calculating the resolution of the underwater imaging lens to be detected by using the following formula:
whereinNIs the linear logarithm of the resolution ratio of the underwater imaging lens to be measured,f 0is the focal length of the underwater special collimator,f cis the underwater camera focal length.
18. The method for detecting the imaging quality parameters of the underwater imaging lens according to claim 16, wherein when the focal length of the underwater imaging lens is detected, the step 2 specifically comprises the following steps:
step 2b1, placing the underwater special collimator and the underwater camera in a water tank filled with water; adjusting the underwater special collimator to enable the optical axis of the underwater special collimator to be coincident with the optical axis of the underwater camera;
step 2b2, shooting a picture of the reticle (22) at the focal plane position of the underwater special collimator;
step 2b3, reading the image space height of the reticle (22) on the photo of the reticle (22)
Calculating the focal length of the underwater imaging lens according to the following formula:
wherein A is the object space height of the reticle (22).
19. The method for detecting the imaging quality parameters of the underwater imaging lens according to claim 16, wherein when the field angle of the underwater imaging lens is detected, the step 2 specifically comprises the following steps:
step 2c1, replacing the reticle (22) in the reticle assembly (2) in the underwater special collimator with a star point plate;
step 2c2, placing the underwater camera and the underwater special collimator assembled in the step 2c1 into a water tank filled with water;
step 2c3, installing a rotating platform below the underwater camera to ensure that the rotating shaft of the rotating platform is superposed with the entrance pupil position of the underwater imaging lens to be detected; simultaneously ensuring that the optical axis of the underwater imaging lens to be detected and the optical axis of the underwater special collimator are in the same horizontal plane;
and 2c4, rotating the underwater camera to shoot the star point plate image in the underwater special collimator, wherein the vanishing angle of the star point plate image is the half field angle of the underwater imaging lens to be detected.
20. An underwater special collimator is characterized in that: comprises a sealed shell (4) and an optical component positioned in the sealed shell (4);
the optical assembly comprises an illumination assembly (1), a reticle assembly (2) and a collimation optical system (3), wherein the reticle assembly (2) and the collimation optical system are sequentially and coaxially arranged along the light beam propagation direction of the illumination assembly (1);
the dividing and dividing plate assembly (2) is positioned at the focal plane position of the collimating optical system (3);
the collimating optical system (3) is used for collimating the incident beam and ensuring that the beam which is emitted and enters the water body is parallel light.
21. The underwater dedicated collimator as claimed in claim 20, wherein: the collimating optical system (3) comprises a positive focal power double convex lens (35), a positive focal power second meniscus lens (34), a diaphragm (33), a negative focal power first meniscus lens (32) and a flat window (31) which are coaxially arranged in sequence along the light beam propagation direction;
air is used as a medium among the dividing and dividing plate component (2), the double convex lens (35), the second meniscus lens (34), the diaphragm (33), the first meniscus lens (32) and the flat plate window (31).
22. The underwater dedicated collimator as claimed in claim 21, wherein: the convex surfaces of the second meniscus lens (34) and the first meniscus lens (32) face to the focal plane.
23. The underwater dedicated collimator as claimed in claim 22, wherein: the flat plate window (31), the first meniscus lens (32), the second meniscus lens (34) and the double convex lens (35) are made of H-K9L, ZF51, H-ZK11 and H-ZF39 respectively.
24. The underwater dedicated collimator as claimed in claim 23, wherein: the thicknesses of the flat plate window (31), the first meniscus lens (32), the second meniscus lens (34) and the double convex lens (35) are respectively 3mm, 3.2mm, 7.8mm and 8mm, and the adjacent air intervals are respectively 3mm, 15.05mm and 6 mm.
25. The underwater dedicated collimator as claimed in claim 24, wherein: the distance between the first meniscus lens (32) and the diaphragm (33) is 0.3mm, and the distance between the diaphragm (33) and the second meniscus lens (34) is 14.75 mm.
26. The underwater dedicated collimator as claimed in claim 25, wherein: the dividing plate component (2) comprises ground glass (21) and a dividing plate (22) which are coaxially arranged in sequence along the propagation direction of light beams; the light beam emitted from the illumination assembly (1) is homogenized by the ground glass (21) and then shines on the collimation optical system (3) through the reticle (22).
27. The underwater dedicated collimator as claimed in claim 26, wherein: the reticle assembly (2) further comprises a reticle mounting seat (23) fixed inside the sealing shell (4), a reticle slot is formed in the reticle mounting seat (23), the reticle (22) is installed in the reticle slot, and the air interval between the reticle (22) and the biconvex lens (35) is 368mm +/-0.1 mm.
28. The underwater dedicated collimator as claimed in claim 27, wherein: the sealing device is characterized by further comprising an adjusting bracket (5), wherein the sealing shell (4) is fixed on the adjusting bracket (5).
29. The underwater dedicated collimator as claimed in claim 28, wherein: the sealing shell (4) comprises a collimator tube (41) and a sealing cover (42) buckled at one end of the collimator tube, and the other end of the sealing shell (4) is sealed by using a flat plate window (31) of the collimating optical system (3).
30. The underwater dedicated collimator as claimed in claim 29, wherein: the collimator tube (41) and the flat plate window (31) are sealed by a sealing ring and are compressed by a window pressing ring; the collimator tube 41 and the seal cover 42 are sealed by a seal ring.
31. The underwater dedicated collimator as claimed in claim 30, wherein: the collimator tube (41) and the sealing cover (42) buckled at one end adopt 6061 alloy materials.
32. The underwater dedicated collimator as claimed in claim 31, wherein: the lighting assembly (1) comprises a battery power supply (11), a lamp holder (12) and a bulb (13), the lighting assembly is fixed inside the sealed shell (4) through the lamp holder (12), and the battery power supply (11) is used for directly supplying power to the bulb (13).
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