CN114069615A - Processing method for solving problem of cross-section tidal current threshold crossing based on automatic searching adjustable unit of active sensitivity of cross section - Google Patents
Processing method for solving problem of cross-section tidal current threshold crossing based on automatic searching adjustable unit of active sensitivity of cross section Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a processing method for solving the problem of cross-section tidal current threshold crossing based on a cross-section active sensitivity automatic search adjustable unit, which comprises the following steps: customizing a fault set to analyze expected faults and finding out a tidal current out-of-limit section; automatically calculating the active sensitivity of the power flow out-of-limit section; automatically searching an effective adjustable unit according to the active sensitivity of the section; the practical applicability is verified by adopting an example. The method can scan N-1 and N-2 expected faults according to the user-defined fault set, search the tidal current out-of-limit section, automatically calculate the active sensitivity of the section, search the regional adjustable unit and provide an auxiliary decision for the section out-of-limit elimination.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of electric power system safety research, in particular to a processing method research for solving the problem of section tidal current out-of-limit based on a section active sensitivity automatic search adjustable unit.
Background
Along with the annual expansion of the power grid scale, the power failure requirement of main network equipment is increased, pressure is brought to the arrangement of the power grid operation mode, and the difficulty and the workload of power grid safety check are increased.
Currently, PSD power system analysis software (BPA) is mainly applied to perform an offline analysis and calculation mode in power grid security check. In the mode, the auxiliary decision information needs to be provided after manual analysis, system safety risks caused by insufficient experience of personnel exist, the calculated amount is large, the auxiliary decision information is difficult to complete by manual calculation alone, and related information is likely to be missed.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a processing method for solving the problem of cross-section tidal current limit crossing based on a cross-section active sensitivity automatic search adjustable unit aiming at cross-section tidal current limit crossing caused by power grid equipment faults, and provides accurate and reliable safety and stability analysis and decision information for power grid operators.
The purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme: a processing method for solving the problem of section tidal current out-of-limit based on a section active sensitivity automatic search adjustable unit comprises the following steps:
1) defining a fault set by user, carrying out expected fault analysis on the fault set, decomposing the faults into splittable faults and non-splittable faults, further dividing the non-splittable faults into non-linear faults and non-discontinuous faults, and finding out a load flow out-of-limit section through load flow calculation;
2) calculating the active sensitivity of the power flow out-of-limit section, wherein the active sensitivity is expressed as the active power variation on the designated branch i j when the active power injection of the node n in the power system is increased by 1 unit;
3) and searching an effective adjustable unit according to the active sensitivity of the section, and taking the unit with higher active sensitivity as an adjustable unit for eliminating the out-of-limit.
Further, the custom fault set is an expected fault set given by experienced dispatchers and operation analysts, is defined hierarchically in a physical classification, includes various possible faults and combinations thereof, and can specify monitoring element and condition faults to automatically generate complex faults.
Further, during the operation of the power system, a user can activate interested fault combinations to analyze, calculate, simulate and reproduce the actual fault process of the power grid.
Further, in step 1), the expected fault analysis firstly decomposes the fault into a discriminable fault and a non-discriminable fault, if the discriminable fault is a discriminable fault, the non-discriminable fault is immediately classified into a harmful fault, and the non-discriminable fault is further classified into a non-linear fault and a non-discontinuous fault, so that the harmful fault and the non-harmful fault are distinguished for the two types of faults.
Further, when the expected failure analysis is carried out, the failures are sorted according to the possibility of causing the overload of the system after each line is disconnected, then the lines are sequentially checked according to the sequence, and when the situation that the overload does not occur after a certain line is disconnected is verified, the line arranged behind the certain line can not be verified any more.
Further, in step 1), the expected failure analysis refers to determining the influence of the preset failures and combinations of the power system elements on the safe operation of the power system.
Further, in the step 1), in the process of analyzing the expected faults, the faults in the fault set are preprocessed and divided into two categories, one category is a harmless fault which can be determined not to generate an out-of-limit condition without calculation, and the other category is a harmful fault which needs to be judged for the danger degree through load flow calculation, so that unnecessary load flow calculation is avoided, and the analysis speed of the expected faults is accelerated.
Further, in the step 1), in the power flow calculation process, performing full power flow analysis on the faults causing system splitting and the faults specified in advance, starting from network connection analysis, forming an admittance matrix, decomposing a factor table and iteratively correcting to solve a complete alternating current power flow; judging whether PV conversion exists for the non-disjunction fault, if so, converting the PV bus into a PQ bus, and carrying out P-V conversion flow analysis; if not, the direct current power flow is adopted.
Further, in step 2), after the failure element is expected to stop operating, sensitivity analysis is adopted to perform line-load correlation analysis, namely sensitivity of branch active power flow to node power injection. The meaning of the sensitivity of branch active power flow to node power injection is as follows: when the active power injection of the node n in the system is increased by 1 unit (the active power output of the balance machine in the corresponding system is reduced by about 1 unit), the active power flow variation on the branch i j is designated; through sensitivity analysis, the set which can be adjusted to eliminate the power flow out-of-limit of related equipment can be known.
The invention provides a processing method for solving the problem of cross-section tidal current threshold crossing based on a cross-section active sensitivity automatic search adjustable unit, and the technical scheme of the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1) the user-defined fault set carries out N-1 and N-2 expected fault scanning, and a tidal current out-of-limit section is searched;
2) and automatically calculating the active sensitivity of the section, searching a regional adjustable unit and providing an auxiliary decision for section out-of-limit elimination. By fusing power grid model parameters and operation condition information, static safety and stability intelligent analysis is realized, different safety and stability problems are coordinated to carry out auxiliary decision making, and accurate and reliable safety and stability analysis and decision making information is provided for power grid operators. Through the carding of the safety check flow, the extraction repeatability is high, the steps can be automatically carried out, the batch analysis calculation and the decision assistance are automatically carried out, and the safety check efficiency is improved to meet the requirement of improving the comprehensive power failure management level.
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The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with the present application and together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the application.
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a processing method for solving the problem of section power flow out-of-limit based on the section active sensitivity automatic search adjustable unit.
FIG. 2 is a logic diagram of the present invention for selecting different power flow algorithms.
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the normal operation flow of the section "tun Nanning line — Nanning komi line — Nanning komi line" in the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the section fault operation flow of the "tun Nanning line — Nanning nai line — Nanning nai line" in the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of the out-of-limit power flow for eliminating the unit output in the cross-section adjustment region of "tun Nanning line — Nanning kola line — Nanning kola line" in the embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The following describes embodiments of the present invention in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
As shown in fig. 1, the processing method for solving the problem of section tidal current out-of-limit by automatically searching an adjustable unit based on section active sensitivity provided by the invention comprises the following steps:
s1, customizing the fault set to analyze the expected faults and finding out the cross-limit section of the power flow
The expected failure analysis refers to determining the influence of preset failures and combinations of power system elements (such as lines, transformers, generators, loads, buses and the like) on the safe operation of the power system.
1. Set of expected failures
The expected failure scan is performed by first generating an expected failure set. The set of faults envisioned is given by experienced dispatchers and operation analysts, defined hierarchically in a physically sorted manner, which includes a variety of possible faults and combinations thereof, and which can specify monitoring element and conditional faults to automatically generate complex faults. In operation, the user can activate the interested fault group to perform analysis and calculation. The benefit of anticipating the failure aggregation approach is: multiple faults are defined more conveniently and more effectively; only interested activated fault groups are actually analyzed, and the calculation efficiency is greatly improved; the method can flexibly, conveniently and quickly simulate and reproduce the actual fault process of the power grid.
It is envisioned that the definition and management of the set of faults is critical to improving the performance of the application software. To this end, the set of expected failures should be defined hierarchically in a physical classification. A complete fault consists of four parts: a master disconnect element, a condition monitoring element, a condition disconnect element, and a rule set. The main breaking element may be any element in the grid; when the action of the main cut-off element causes the cut-off monitoring element to exceed the limit, the conditional cut-off element acts therewith; the rule set describes the operations that the dispatcher must perform as specified or experienced after the main disconnect element has acted.
2. Analysis of expected faults
The expected fault analysis is to preprocess the faults in the fault set and divide the faults into two categories, wherein one category is 'harmless' faults which can be determined not to generate out-of-limit without calculation, and the other category is 'harmful' faults which need to judge the danger degree through load flow calculation. The method aims to avoid unnecessary load flow calculation and accelerate the analysis speed of the expected faults.
The expected fault scanning is carried out on the equipment in the power system, the fault is firstly decomposed into a discriminable fault and a non-discriminable fault, if the discriminable fault is the discriminable fault, the non-discriminable fault can be immediately classified into a harmful fault, and the non-discriminable fault is continuously classified. The non-disjunctive faults further divide the non-linear faults and the non-continuous faults, the two types of faults are further distinguished by a direct method between 'harmful' faults and non 'harmful' faults, and the other faults can be distinguished by a simpler indirect method between 'harmful' and 'harmful'.
Strict N-I inspection requires N line break analyses on all lines, and the calculation workload is large. In fact, some lines in the network do not cause system overload after being disconnected, so that fault sorting can be carried out according to the possibility of causing system overload after each line is disconnected, and then the lines with higher overload possibility are sequentially checked according to the sequence. When it is verified that a line is not overloaded after being opened, the line arranged behind the line can be checked again, so that the calculation amount can be reduced remarkably, and the process is also called fault selection.
In the fault analysis process, harmless faults are screened out, harmful faults with serious consequences are reserved, and detailed analysis is carried out on the harmful faults so as to accurately judge the power flow distribution and the damage degree of the system after the faults.
Actually, the danger degrees of the faults needing to be analyzed in detail are still different, it is not necessary to perform all alternating current power flow analysis to further divide the nature of the faults, different power flow algorithms are selected, as shown in fig. 2, the faults causing system splitting and the faults specified in advance are subjected to full power flow analysis, and complete alternating current power flow is solved by starting network connection analysis, forming an admittance matrix, decomposing a factor table and iterative correction; judging whether PV conversion exists for the non-disjunction fault, if so, converting the PV bus into a PQ bus, and carrying out P-V conversion flow analysis; if not, the direct current power flow is adopted.
1) Full power flow analysis
Faults that cause system de-ranking and pre-specified faults are detected in the fault scan and are typically placed in front of the fault ranking table (no longer ranked) because they all belong to the most severe faults. The full power flow analysis is to solve the complete alternating current power flow by starting from network connection analysis, forming an admittance matrix, decomposing a factor table and iteratively correcting. The accuracy of the analysis is thus highest.
2) Power flow analysis for PV bus conversion
In a practical system, some faults (especially generator faults) may cause the PV bus to be unable to maintain the specified voltage, and the PV bus needs to be converted into a PQ bus and then analyzed by a general trend algorithm. The general approach to dealing with such failures is as follows:
the generator element is added to the diagonal elements of the admittance matrix [ B' ] in the form of large ground admittance, resulting in [ B "]. At this time, the [ B' ] matrix and the [ B "] matrix have the same dimension, but a maximum ground admittance is added to the diagonal element of the [ B" ] matrix corresponding to the PV bus. In a normal state, voltage correction V on a PV bus is approximately equal to 0 in reactive iteration; when the generator fails, the large admittance is removed, and the PV bus is automatically converted into a PQ bus.
When the [ B "] matrix is formed, the dimension of the [ B" ] matrix is the same as that of the [ B' ]matrix, namely the PV bus is also added into the [ B "] matrix, the row and the column corresponding to the PV bus in a normal state do not participate in iteration, and when a fault occurs, the row and the column corresponding to the fault PV bus are added into the iteration correction, so that the conversion from the PV bus to the PQ bus is automatically realized.
The asymptotic voltage approach is used, i.e. when the PV bus does not maintain the specified voltage, the specified voltage is gradually modified to bring the reactive power back to the limit.
3) Flow of direct current
The DC power flow equation is as follows:
P＝Bθ
and P is a node active power column vector for removing the balance node, B is a susceptance matrix, and theta is a node voltage phase angle column vector for removing the balance node.
When the injection power is not changed, the branch circuit is disconnected,
P＝Bθ
＝(B0+ΔB)(θ0+Δθ)
＝B0·θ0+B0·Δθ+ΔB·θ0+ΔB·Δθ
in the formula, B0,θ0Respectively representing a susceptance matrix and a node voltage column vector in an initial state; Δ B, Δ θ represent the amount of change in the susceptance matrix and the node voltage column vector, respectively.
Since P is B0θ0The above formula can be replaced by
(B0+ΔB)Δθ＝-ΔB·θ0
The direct current method can simply simulate the calculation of the breaking load flow of the multiple branches.
S2, automatically calculating the active sensitivity of the power flow out-of-limit section
After the failure of the faulty component, it is expected that it is necessary to check whether there are longer-term limits of the line, and these limits do not cause a cascading failure, but cause overheating of the line after half an hour, and therefore, it is necessary to perform a load transfer or a reduction measure. Aiming at the conversion from out-of-limit to load loss, sensitivity analysis is mainly adopted to carry out correlation analysis of a line and a load, namely the sensitivity of branch active power flow to node power injection. The meaning of the sensitivity of branch active power flow to node power injection is as follows: when the active power injection of the node n in the system is increased by 1 unit (the active power output of the balancing machine in the corresponding system is reduced by about 1 unit), the active power flow variation on the branch ij is specified.
The active power flow of the branch ij can be described as a function of the voltage amplitude and the phase difference of the two sides of the branch, namely:
Pij＝f(Vi,Vj,θij)
in the formula: pijAn active power flow at the beginning of the line ij; vi，VjThe voltage amplitude of the bus at two ends of the line ij; thetaijThe phase angle difference of the bus voltages at two ends of the line ij is shown;
when the node injection power changes, the node voltage phasors at two sides of the branch circuit ij can change, so that the active power flow of the branch circuit changes, Taylor series expansion is carried out on the power flow function of the branch circuit at the initial point, and higher terms above the second order are ignored, so that the power flow can be obtained:
for Newton Raphson power flow calculation under polar coordinates, the power flow linear correction equation set is as follows:
in the formula: delta P and delta Q are residual vectors of the power flow equation; delta theta and delta V are bus voltage correction vectors; converting the power flow linear correction equation set into a power flow Jacobian matrix:
in practical engineering application, a load flow Jacobian matrix can be obtained when load flow calculation is converged. The triangular decomposition is carried out on the power flow Jacobian matrix once, and then each branch can be repeatedly used when sensitivity calculation is carried out on each branch. Therefore, when sensitivity calculation is carried out on one branch, only one transposition pre-substitution calculation and one transposition post-substitution calculation are carried out, and the sensitivity vector of the branch active power flow injected into all node power can be obtained.
S3, automatically searching effective adjustable unit according to section active sensitivity
At S1, a cross section with the power flow out of limit is found by predicting the fault, and the active sensitivity of the cross section is calculated at S2. On the basis of calculation of S1 and S2, the unit with larger active sensitivity is used as an adjustable unit for eliminating out-of-limit.
S4, verifying the utility model by using examples
The test system is a computing system developed by adopting C + +. The sample data was exported by the BPA software. The exemplary data includes 14163 nodes, 9654 branches, and 1815 power supplies. The long-term current-carrying capacity and the short-term current-carrying capacity of the line adopt actual values.
Automatically generating a fault set to analyze the expected faults of the sample data:
table 1: expected failure analysis and power flow out-of-limit information table
The table above: the "expected failure" field describes the N-1, N-2 disconnected device; the "influencing device" field describes the affected device after the device is disconnected; "work after failure (Mw)", "load rate after failure", "long term ampacity (Mw)", "longer term quota", "overload rate (long term ampacity%)," short term overload capability (Mw) "," shorter term quota "," overload rate (short term ampacity%) "all describe information about the impact on the equipment; the "control profile" describes the out-of-limit profile information that needs to be monitored.
The active sensitivity of the out-of-limit section is automatically calculated, and the search area adjustable unit is shown in the table 2.
Table 2:
the table above: the ' unit in area ' field describes unit information which can be adjusted by eliminating section out-of-limit, and the format is ' unit: sensitivity value ".
The section of the channel "tun Nanning line _ Nanning koni line _ Nanning koni line" is shown in table 3.
Table 3:
the normal operating tidal flow diagram of the section "Tunq Nanning line-Nanning Chuni line-Nanning Chuni line" is shown in FIG. 3, the Tunq Nanning line is a loop from Tunqing station to Nanning station, and the trend in FIG. 3 is 109 MW. Nanning Chuni line + Nanning Chuni line is a two-loop from Chun state station to Nanning state station, and the trend in fig. 3 is 534 MW. Fig. 3 clearly shows that the units with adjustable section areas are six-scene factory and Xijin factory units. In fig. 3, the current unit output of 1200MW in six scenic plants and the current unit output of 214MW in xijin plants can be seen.
The section fault operation current diagram of "tun Nanning line _ Nanning komi line _ Nanning komi line" is shown in fig. 4, and when the "Nanning komi line + Nanning komi line" fault occurs, the current value of the tun Nanning line is 432MW, which exceeds the short-time current-carrying capacity 374 MW.
Next, the output of 1200MW is reduced to 950MW by adjusting the output of the six-scene factory unit, and whether the out-of-limit tidal current of the bin Nanning line can be eliminated is checked:
the out-of-limit tidal flow diagram for eliminating the unit output of the cross-section adjustment area of the tun Nanning line-Nanning komi line-Nanning komi line is shown in fig. 5, and it can be clearly seen from the diagram that when the unit output of the six-scene factory is reduced to 950MW, the flow of the tun Nanning line is 318MW, and does not exceed the short-time current-carrying capacity 374MW, and is eliminated out-of-limit. Thus, the method is normal and effective.
The above-described embodiments are intended to illustrate rather than to limit the invention, and any modifications and variations of the present invention are within the spirit of the invention and the scope of the appended claims.
Claims (9)
1. A processing method for solving the problem of section tidal current out-of-limit based on a section active sensitivity automatic search adjustable unit is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) defining a fault set by user, carrying out expected fault analysis on the fault set, decomposing the faults into splittable faults and non-splittable faults, further dividing the non-splittable faults into non-linear faults and non-discontinuous faults, and finding out a load flow out-of-limit section through load flow calculation;
2) calculating the active sensitivity of the power flow out-of-limit section, wherein the active power sensitivity is expressed as the active power variation on the designated branch ij when the active power injection of the node n in the power system is increased by 1 unit;
3) and searching an effective adjustable unit according to the active sensitivity of the section, and taking the unit with higher active sensitivity as an adjustable unit for eliminating the out-of-limit.
2. The method for solving the problem of section power flow out-of-limit based on the section active sensitivity automatic search adjustable unit as claimed in claim 1, wherein the custom fault set is an expected fault set given by experienced dispatchers and operation analysts, the custom fault set is defined hierarchically in a physical classification manner, including various possible faults and combinations thereof, and monitoring element and condition faults can be specified to automatically generate complex faults.
3. The method for solving the problem of section power flow out-of-limit based on the section active sensitivity automatic search adjustable unit as claimed in claim 2, wherein a user can activate an interested fault combination to perform analysis calculation, simulate and reproduce the actual fault process of a power grid during the operation of a power system.
4. The method for solving the problem of section power flow out-of-limit based on the section active sensitivity automatic search adjustable unit as claimed in claim 1, wherein in step 1), the expected failure analysis firstly decomposes the failure into a splittable failure and a non-splittable failure, if the splittable failure is the splittable failure, the splittable failure can be immediately classified as a harmful failure, the non-splittable failure is continuously classified, the non-splittable failure further divides the non-linear failure and the non-discontinuous failure, and the harmful failure and the non-harmful failure are distinguished for the two types of failure.
5. The method for solving the problem of cross-limit of section power flow based on the section active sensitivity automatic search adjustable unit as claimed in claim 4, wherein when the expected failure analysis is performed, the failures are sorted according to the possibility of causing system overload after each line is disconnected, then the lines are sequentially checked according to the order, and when it is checked that no overload is caused after a certain line is disconnected, the line arranged behind the certain line can not be checked any more.
6. The method for solving the problem of section power flow out-of-limit based on the section active sensitivity automatic search adjustable unit as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the step 1), the expected failure analysis refers to determining the influence of the expected failure analysis on the safe operation of the power system on the preset failure and combination of the preset failure analysis and the preset failure analysis of the power system elements.
7. The method for solving the problem of section power flow out-of-limit based on the section active sensitivity automatic search adjustable unit as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the step 1), in the process of expected failure analysis, the failures in the failure set are preprocessed and divided into two categories, one category is a harmless failure which can be determined not to generate out-of-limit without calculation, and the other category is a harmful failure which needs to judge the danger degree through power flow calculation, so that unnecessary power flow calculation is avoided, and the speed of expected failure analysis is increased.
8. The method for solving the problem of section power flow out-of-limit based on the section active sensitivity automatic search adjustable unit as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the step 1), during the power flow calculation, the fault causing the system splitting and the fault specified in advance are subjected to full power flow analysis, and the complete alternating current power flow is solved by starting network connection analysis, forming an admittance matrix, decomposing a factor table and iterative correction; judging whether PV conversion exists for the non-disjunction fault, if so, converting the PV bus into a PQ bus, and carrying out P-V conversion flow analysis; if not, the direct current power flow is adopted.
9. The processing method for solving the problem of cross-limit of section power flow based on the automatic searching adjustable unit with section active sensitivity as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the step 2), after the failure element is expected to stop operation, the correlation analysis between the line and the load is performed by using sensitivity analysis, namely the sensitivity of branch active power flow to node power injection. The meaning of the sensitivity of branch active power flow to node power injection is as follows: when the active power injection of a node n in the system is increased by 1 unit (the active power output of a balancing machine in the corresponding system is reduced by about 1 unit), the active power flow variation on a branch ij is specified; through sensitivity analysis, the set which can be adjusted to eliminate the power flow out-of-limit of related equipment can be known.
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Citations (5)
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2014174876A (en) * | 2013-03-12 | 2014-09-22 | Denso Corp | Electric power system |
| CN107069743A (en) * | 2017-05-05 | 2017-08-18 | 云南电网有限责任公司 | The adjust automatically computational methods of power network section tidal current |
| CN107294103A (en) * | 2017-07-24 | 2017-10-24 | 广东工业大学 | A kind of section tidal current control method and device |
| CN108879795A (en) * | 2018-07-18 | 2018-11-23 | 广西电网有限责任公司电力科学研究院 | The spinning reserve and electric energy combined optimization for considering power system security constraints go out clearing method |
| CN111368449A (en) * | 2020-03-12 | 2020-07-03 | 国电南瑞科技股份有限公司 | Cascading failure evolution path online identification method considering alternating current and direct current influences |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| JP2014174876A (en) * | 2013-03-12 | 2014-09-22 | Denso Corp | Electric power system |
| CN107069743A (en) * | 2017-05-05 | 2017-08-18 | 云南电网有限责任公司 | The adjust automatically computational methods of power network section tidal current |
| CN107294103A (en) * | 2017-07-24 | 2017-10-24 | 广东工业大学 | A kind of section tidal current control method and device |
| CN108879795A (en) * | 2018-07-18 | 2018-11-23 | 广西电网有限责任公司电力科学研究院 | The spinning reserve and electric energy combined optimization for considering power system security constraints go out clearing method |
| CN111368449A (en) * | 2020-03-12 | 2020-07-03 | 国电南瑞科技股份有限公司 | Cascading failure evolution path online identification method considering alternating current and direct current influences |
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