CN114068844A - Display module and display device - Google Patents
Display module and display device Download PDFInfo
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- CN114068844A CN114068844A CN202111349138.9A CN202111349138A CN114068844A CN 114068844 A CN114068844 A CN 114068844A CN 202111349138 A CN202111349138 A CN 202111349138A CN 114068844 A CN114068844 A CN 114068844A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
- H10K59/00—Integrated devices, or assemblies of multiple devices, comprising at least one organic light-emitting element covered by group H10K50/00
- H10K59/50—OLEDs integrated with light modulating elements, e.g. with electrochromic elements, photochromic elements or liquid crystal elements
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10K—ORGANIC ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES
- H10K50/00—Organic light-emitting devices
- H10K50/80—Constructional details
- H10K50/85—Arrangements for extracting light from the devices
- H10K50/856—Arrangements for extracting light from the devices comprising reflective means
Abstract
The disclosure relates to the technical field of display, and discloses a display module and a display device, wherein the display module comprises a display panel, a light extraction layer and a planarization layer; the display panel comprises a plurality of sub-pixels; the light extraction layer is arranged on the light emergent side of the display panel and comprises a plurality of convex parts, and the sub-pixels are covered by the orthographic projection of the convex parts on the display panel; the planarization layer is arranged on one side of the light extraction layer far away from the display panel, and the refractive index of the planarization layer is smaller than that of the light extraction layer. The display module has high light emitting efficiency.
Description
Technical Field
The disclosure relates to the technical field of display, in particular to a display module and a display device comprising the same.
Background
An OLED (Organic light emitting semiconductor) Display panel can meet new requirements of consumers for Display technologies due to its advantages of high brightness, low power consumption, fast response, high definition, good flexibility, high light emitting efficiency, and the like.
However, with the increasing demand of consumers for display products, the light-emitting efficiency of the current display module is low, and the demand of consumers cannot be met.
It is to be noted that the information disclosed in the above background section is only for enhancement of understanding of the background of the present disclosure, and thus may include information that does not constitute prior art known to those of ordinary skill in the art.
Disclosure of Invention
The present disclosure aims to overcome the disadvantage of low light-emitting efficiency in the prior art, and provide a display module with high light-emitting efficiency and a display device comprising the display module.
According to an aspect of the present disclosure, there is provided a display module including:
a display panel including a plurality of sub-pixels;
the light extraction layer is arranged on the light emergent side of the display panel and comprises a plurality of convex parts, and the sub-pixels are covered by the orthographic projection of the convex parts on the display panel;
the planarization layer is arranged on one side, far away from the display panel, of the light extraction layer, and the refractive index of the planarization layer is smaller than that of the light extraction layer.
In an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure, the protrusion is configured as a segment structure, an ellipsoid segment structure, a cylinder structure, a truncated cone structure, or a truncated pyramid structure.
In an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure, the display module further includes:
and the packaging layer group is arranged on the light emitting side of the display panel.
In an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure, the encapsulation layer group includes:
the first packaging layer is arranged on the light emergent side of the display panel;
the second packaging layer is arranged on one side, far away from the display panel, of the first packaging layer;
the third packaging layer is arranged on one side, far away from the display panel, of the second packaging layer;
the light extraction layer is one of the packaging layer sets, and the planarization layer is one of the packaging layer sets.
In an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure, the light extraction layer is the first encapsulation layer, and the planarization layer is the second encapsulation layer.
In an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure, the encapsulation layer set further includes:
the fourth packaging layer is arranged on one side, far away from the display panel, of the third packaging layer;
the light extraction layer is the second encapsulation layer, and the planarization layer is the third encapsulation layer; or, the light extraction layer is the third encapsulation layer, and the planarization layer is the fourth encapsulation layer.
In an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure, the display module further includes:
the touch metal layer is arranged on the packaging layer group and is far away from one side of the display panel, the touch metal layer comprises a plurality of metal wires, a gap is formed between every two adjacent protrusions, and the metal wires are located in the orthographic projection of the display panel, wherein the gap is located in the orthographic projection of the display panel.
In an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure, the display module further includes:
the barrier layer is arranged between the touch metal layer and the packaging layer group, and the light extraction layer is the barrier layer or is positioned on one side of the barrier layer, which is far away from the display panel; the metal wire is arranged in a gap between every two adjacent bulges, and the planarization layer covers the light extraction layer and the touch metal layer.
In an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure, the display module further includes:
the first adhesive layer is arranged on one side, far away from the display panel, of the touch metal layer;
and the polarizing layer group is arranged on one side of the first adhesive layer, which is far away from the display panel.
In an exemplary embodiment of the disclosure, the metal line is disposed in a gap between two adjacent protrusions, and the first glue layer is the planarization layer.
In an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure, the polarizing layer group includes:
the delay layer is arranged on one side, far away from the display panel, of the first adhesive layer;
and the polaroid is arranged on one side of the delay layer, which is far away from the display panel.
In an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure, the polarizing layer group includes:
and the second adhesive layer is adhered between the retardation layer and the polarizer.
In an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure, the first adhesive layer and the second adhesive layer are both UV adhesives.
In an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure, the light extraction layer further includes:
the flat plate part is arranged on one side of the protruding part close to the display panel.
According to another aspect of the present disclosure, there is provided a display device including: the display module assembly of any one of the above.
The display module of this disclosure stacks gradually at display panel's light-emitting side and is provided with light extraction layer and planarization layer, and the refracting index of planarization layer is less than the refracting index of light extraction layer, and light extraction layer includes a plurality of bulges, and the orthographic projection of bulge on display panel covers the subpixel. So that almost all the light rays emitted from the sub-pixels are emitted to the convex part, the incident angle of the central light ray is small, total reflection cannot occur, and the light rays can be emitted to the planarization layer through the light extraction layer; the great meeting of the incident angle of peripheral light takes place the total reflection in the side of bulge, perhaps, the incident angle that partial peripheral light and bulge formed is also less, and the bulge can be adjusted peripheral light's incident angle promptly, makes peripheral light also can shoot to the planarization layer through light taking-out layer to improve display module's luminous efficacy, luminous efficacy can be greater than 46%.
It is to be understood that both the foregoing general description and the following detailed description are exemplary and explanatory only and are not restrictive of the disclosure.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with the present disclosure and together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the disclosure. It is to be understood that the drawings in the following description are merely exemplary of the disclosure, and that other drawings may be derived from those drawings by one of ordinary skill in the art without the exercise of inventive faculty.
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of an optical principle of a display module with low light-emitting efficiency.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a display module according to a first exemplary embodiment of the disclosure.
Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a first exemplary embodiment of a protrusion in a display module according to the present disclosure.
Fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a second exemplary embodiment of a protrusion in a display module according to the present disclosure.
Fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a third exemplary embodiment of a protrusion in a display module according to the present disclosure.
Fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a fourth exemplary embodiment of a protruding portion in a display module according to the present disclosure.
Fig. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a display module according to a second exemplary embodiment of the disclosure.
Fig. 8-10 are schematic structural views of steps in the process of manufacturing the display module shown in fig. 7.
Fig. 11 is a schematic structural diagram of a display module according to a third exemplary embodiment of the disclosure.
Fig. 12 is a schematic structural diagram of a display module according to a fourth exemplary embodiment of the disclosure.
Fig. 13-15 are schematic structural views of steps in the process of manufacturing the display module shown in fig. 12.
Fig. 16 is a schematic structural diagram of a display module according to a fifth exemplary embodiment of the disclosure.
Fig. 17 is a schematic structural diagram of a display module according to a sixth exemplary embodiment of the disclosure.
Description of reference numerals:
1. a display panel; 11. a substrate base plate 11; 12. a switch unit layer group; 13. a first planar layer; 14. a pixel mediating layer; 15. a sub-pixel; 151. a first electrode; 152. a light emitting layer; 153. A second electrode;
2. packaging a layer group; 21. a first encapsulation layer; 22. a second encapsulation layer; 23. a third encapsulation layer; 24. A fourth encapsulation layer;
3. a barrier layer; 4. touch-controlling the metal layer; 5. a first glue layer;
6. a polarizing layer group; 61. a retardation layer; 62. a second adhesive layer; 63. a polarizer;
7. a light extraction layer; 71. a flat plate portion; 72. a projection; 73. a light extraction material layer;
8. a planarization layer; 9. photoresist;
10. a mask plate; 101. a light shielding portion; 102. a light-transmitting portion;
G. a high refractive index medium; D. a low refractive index medium.
Detailed Description
Example embodiments will now be described more fully with reference to the accompanying drawings. Example embodiments may, however, be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein; rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the concept of example embodiments to those skilled in the art. The same reference numerals in the drawings denote the same or similar structures, and thus their detailed description will be omitted. Furthermore, the drawings are merely schematic illustrations of the present disclosure and are not necessarily drawn to scale.
Although relative terms, such as "upper" and "lower," may be used in this specification to describe one element of an icon relative to another, these terms are used in this specification for convenience only, e.g., in accordance with the orientation of the examples described in the figures. It will be appreciated that if the device of the icon were turned upside down, the element described as "upper" would become the element "lower". When a structure is "on" another structure, it may mean that the structure is integrally formed with the other structure, or that the structure is "directly" disposed on the other structure, or that the structure is "indirectly" disposed on the other structure via another structure.
The terms "a," "an," "the," "said," and "at least one" are used to indicate the presence of one or more elements/components/parts/etc.; the terms "comprising" and "having" are intended to be inclusive and mean that there may be additional elements/components/etc. other than the listed elements/components/etc.; the terms "first," "second," and "third," etc. are used merely as labels, and are not limiting on the number of their objects.
Referring to fig. 1, the inventors found that: the factors influencing the light-emitting efficiency of the display module are mainly that when light enters the low-refractive-index medium D from the high-refractive-index medium G, the light with the incident angle larger than the critical angle can be totally reflected, so that the light cannot be emitted from the display module, and the light-emitting efficiency of the display module is reduced. The light extraction efficiency of the red light and the green light is less than 30 percent, and the light extraction efficiency of the blue light is less than 20 percent.
The present disclosure provides a display module, which may include, as shown in fig. 2, a display panel 1, a light extraction layer 7, and a planarization layer 8; the display panel 1 may comprise a plurality of sub-pixels 15; the light extraction layer 7 is arranged on the light-emitting side of the display panel 1, and the light extraction layer 7 may include a plurality of protrusions 72, and the orthographic projection of the protrusions 72 on the display panel 1 covers the pixels 15; the planarization layer 8 is provided on the side of the light extraction layer 7 away from the display panel 1, and the refractive index of the planarization layer 8 is smaller than the refractive index of the light extraction layer 7.
In the display module of the present disclosure, almost all the light emitted from the sub-pixel 15 is emitted to the protrusion 72, and the incident angle of the central light is small, and the central light is not totally reflected and is emitted to the planarization layer 8 through the light extraction layer 7; the larger incidence angle of peripheral light takes place the total reflection at the side of bulge 72, perhaps, the incidence angle that partial peripheral light and bulge 72 formed is also less, and bulge 72 can adjust the incidence angle of peripheral light promptly, makes peripheral light also can penetrate to planarization layer 8 through light extraction layer 7 to improve display module's light-emitting efficiency.
The Display panel 1 may be an OLED (Organic Light Emitting semiconductor) Display panel 1, a QLED (Quantum Dot Light Emitting Diodes) Display panel 1, or the like; the display panel 1 has a light-emitting side and a non-light-emitting side, the light-emitting side and the non-light-emitting side are arranged oppositely, and a picture can be displayed on the light-emitting side.
In the present exemplary embodiment, taking the OLED display panel 1 as an example, the display panel 1 may include a substrate 11, and a switch unit group 12 disposed on one side of the substrate 11, where the switch unit group 12 includes a plurality of switch units arranged in an array; a first flat layer 13 is disposed on a side of the plurality of switch units away from the substrate 11, and the first flat layer 13 provides a relatively flat base surface for a subsequently formed film layer.
A first electrode 151, a pixel dielectric layer 14, a light-emitting layer 152, and a second electrode 153 are sequentially stacked on the first planarization layer 13 on the side away from the base substrate 11; the first electrode 151 may be an anode, electrically connected to the switching unit; the second electrode 153 may be a cathode. The pixel dielectric layer 14 has a plurality of via holes, the light-emitting layer 152 may be disposed in the via holes, the light-emitting layer 152 in one via hole and the first and second electrodes 151 and 153 corresponding thereto form one sub-pixel 15, and the display panel 1 may include a plurality of sub-pixels 15.
The light extraction layer 7 may include a flat plate portion 71 and a plurality of projections 72; the flat plate portion 71 is provided on the side of the protruding portion 72 close to the display panel 1. The planarization layer 8 is provided on the side of the light extraction layer 7 remote from the display panel 1. The refractive index of the planarization layer 8 is smaller than that of the light extraction layer 7, so that total reflection easily occurs at the interface between the planarization layer 8 and the light extraction layer 7, and the light extraction efficiency of the display module is reduced; the total reflection can be reduced by the plurality of protrusions 72, thereby improving the light extraction efficiency of the display module. In some example embodiments of the present disclosure, the light extraction layer 7 may not include the flat plate portion 71, and only include the plurality of projections 72. The structure of the convex portion 72 and the principle of reducing total reflection will be described in detail below.
In the case where the sub-pixel 15 is substantially circular (e.g., circular, regular polygonal, etc.), the protrusion 72 may be provided in a segment structure, e.g., may be a hemisphere, a little hemisphere; in the case where the sub-pixel 15 has a substantially elongated shape (e.g., a rectangle, an ellipse, etc.), the protrusion 72 may be configured as an ellipsoid-absent structure, such as a semi-ellipsoid or a few-semi-ellipsoid.
In the case where the protruding portion 72 has a segment structure or an ellipsoid segment structure, the cross section of the protruding portion 72 perpendicular to the display panel 1 is a semicircle, a small semicircle, a semi-ellipse, or a small semi-ellipse. Referring to fig. 3, almost all the light emitted from the sub-pixel 15 is emitted to the protrusion 72, and the central light having a small incident angle and not totally reflected is emitted to the planarization layer 8 through the protrusion 72; the incident angle alpha formed by the peripheral light and the convex part 72 is greatly reduced relative to the original incident angle beta, so that total reflection is avoided, and the peripheral light can also be emitted to the planarization layer 8 through the convex part 72, thereby improving the light-emitting efficiency of the display module; the protrusion 72 also converges light to improve display brightness, and further reduces crosstalk between two adjacent sub-pixels 15 to improve color shift.
Further, the closer the sub-pixel 15 is to the center of the convex portion 72, the smaller the incident angle of the emitted light to the convex portion 72 becomes, and total reflection becomes less likely to occur, and the light emitting efficiency can be improved more. Therefore, the distance between the sub-pixel 15 and the spherical center of the convex portion 72 can be kept to a minimum while ensuring other requirements.
The projection 72 may be provided in a cylindrical structure, for example, a cylinder or a prism according to the fit with the sub-pixel 15; that is, the side of the convex portion 72 close to the display panel 1 and the side far from the display panel 1 are the same.
In the case where the protruding portion 72 has a columnar structure, a cross section of the protruding portion 72 perpendicular to the display panel 1 is rectangular. As shown in fig. 4, almost all the light beams emitted from the sub-pixels 15 are emitted to the convex portions 72, and the central light beam having a small incident angle is emitted to the planarization layer 8 through the light extraction layer 7 without total reflection; the larger incidence angle α of the peripheral light ray can be totally reflected on the side surface of the protrusion 72, the totally reflected light ray is emitted to the surface of the protrusion far away from the display panel 1, and the incidence angle β formed by the total reflection angle α and the surface is greatly reduced, that is, the incidence angle of the peripheral light ray can be adjusted by the protrusion 72, so that the peripheral light ray can be emitted to the planarization layer 8 through the protrusion 72, and the light emitting efficiency of the display module is improved. When the refractive index n1 of the protrusion 72 is 1.73 and the refractive index n2 of the planarization layer 8 is 1.51, total reflection occurs as long as the incident angle is larger than arcsin n2/n1 by 60.8 °, light is deflected to a direction close to the normal viewing angle, and the light extraction gain at the normal viewing angle is improved.
The protruding portion 72 may be configured as a circular truncated cone structure, that is, one surface of the protruding portion 72 close to the display panel 1 and one surface of the protruding portion 72 far from the display panel 1 are both circular, but the diameters and areas of the two circular surfaces are different.
The protruding portion 72 may be provided in a frustum-prism structure, that is, one surface of the protruding portion 72 close to the display panel 1 and one surface far from the display panel 1 are both polygonal, but the side lengths and areas of the two polygonal surfaces are different.
Moreover, when the protruding portion 72 has a circular truncated cone structure or a truncated pyramid structure, it may be a right circular truncated cone or a right truncated pyramid, i.e. the side with a larger area is closer to the display panel 1; or an inverted truncated cone or an inverted truncated pyramid, that is, the side with a smaller area is closer to the display panel 1.
The protruding portion 72 is a right circular truncated cone or a right truncated pyramid, and a cross section of the protruding portion 72 perpendicular to the display panel 1 is a right trapezoid. As shown in fig. 5, almost all the light beams emitted from the sub-pixels 15 are emitted to the convex portions 72, and the central light beam having a small incident angle is emitted to the planarization layer 8 through the light extraction layer 7 without total reflection; the incident angle α formed by the peripheral light and the protrusion 72 is greatly reduced relative to the original incident angle β, so as to avoid total reflection, and the peripheral light can also be emitted to the planarization layer 8 through the protrusion 72, thereby improving the light-emitting efficiency of the display module.
The protruding portion 72 is an inverted circular truncated cone or an inverted truncated pyramid, and the cross section of the protruding portion 72 perpendicular to the display panel 1 is an inverted trapezoid. As shown in fig. 6, almost all the light beams emitted from the sub-pixels 15 are emitted to the convex portions 72, and the central light beam having a small incident angle is emitted to the planarization layer 8 through the light extraction layer 7 without total reflection; the larger incidence angle α of the peripheral light ray can be totally reflected on the side surface of the protrusion 72, the totally reflected light ray is emitted to the surface of the protrusion far away from the display panel 1, and the incidence angle β formed by the total reflection angle α and the surface is greatly reduced, that is, the incidence angle of the peripheral light ray can be adjusted by the protrusion 72, so that the peripheral light ray can be emitted to the planarization layer 8 through the protrusion 72, and the light emitting efficiency of the display module is improved. When the refractive index n1 of the protrusion 72 is 1.71 and the refractive index n2 of the planarization layer 8 is 1.51, total reflection occurs as long as the incident angle is greater than arcsin n2/n1 is 62 °, light is deflected to a direction close to the normal viewing angle, and the light extraction gain at the normal viewing angle is improved.
The specific structure and principle of the light extraction layer 7 are described above, and the positions of the light extraction layer 7 and the planarization layer 8 will be described in detail below with reference to several exemplary embodiments.
As shown in fig. 2, a second flat layer may be disposed on a side of the second electrode 153 away from the substrate 11, and the second flat layer provides a relatively flat base surface for a subsequently formed film. An encapsulation layer group 2 is arranged on the side of the second flat layer far away from the display panel 1. Of course, the second planarization layer may not be provided, and the encapsulation layer group 2 may be provided on the side of the second electrode 153 away from the substrate 11.
Referring to fig. 2, the encapsulation layer group 2 may include a first encapsulation layer 21, a second encapsulation layer 22, and a third encapsulation layer 23.
The first packaging layer 21 is arranged on the light emergent side of the display panel 1; the material of the first encapsulation layer 21 may be silicon nitride (SiNx), silicon oxynitride (SiNO), or the like, and the refractive index of the first encapsulation layer 21 is greater than or equal to 1.65 and less than or equal to 1.85. The first encapsulation layer 21 is formed on the side of the first planarization layer 13 away from the display panel 1 by Chemical Vapor Deposition (CVD).
In the present exemplary embodiment, the first encapsulation layer 21 may serve as the light extraction layer 7, and the light extraction layer 7 may include a flat plate portion 71 and a plurality of protruding portions 72, the flat plate portion 71 is disposed on a side of the second electrode 153 away from the display panel 1, the plurality of protruding portions 72 are disposed on a side of the flat plate portion 71 away from the display panel 1, and the protruding portions 72 protrude toward the side away from the display panel 1. The orthographic projection of the protrusion 72 on the display panel 1 covers the sub-pixel 15, i.e. the orthographic projection of the protrusion 72 on the display panel 1 coincides with the sub-pixel 15, or the sub-pixel 15 is located within the orthographic projection of the protrusion 72 on the display panel 1, so that most of the light emitted from the sub-pixel 15 needs to be emitted through the protrusion 72.
Referring to fig. 2, a cross section of the protrusion 72 perpendicular to the display panel 1 is a semicircle, a small semicircle, a semi-ellipse, or a small semi-ellipse, i.e. the protrusion 72 may be configured as a segment structure or an ellipsoid segment structure.
Referring to fig. 7, a cross section of the protruding portion 72 perpendicular to the display panel 1 is rectangular, that is, the protruding portion 72 may be provided in a cylindrical structure. The above description has been specifically described, and therefore, the details are not repeated herein.
The light extraction layer 7 was prepared as follows: referring to fig. 8, a light extraction material layer 73 is formed by chemical vapor deposition on a side of the second electrode 153 away from the display panel 1, and has a thickness of 2 microns or more and 3 microns or less; and a photoresist 9 is applied to the side of the light extraction material layer 73 remote from the display panel 1. Referring to fig. 9, a mask plate 10 is disposed on a side of the photoresist 9 away from the display panel 1, and the mask plate 10 may include a light shielding portion 101 and a light transmitting portion 102, where the light shielding portion 101 is disposed opposite to the sub-pixel 15 and the rest is disposed opposite to the light transmitting portion 102, and then light is applied, and finally the photoresist 9 is developed to remove the photoresist 9 disposed opposite to the light transmitting portion 102. Referring to fig. 10, the remaining photoresist 9 is used as a mask layer, the light extraction material layer 73 is etched to remove a portion of the exposed light extraction material layer 73 to form a flat plate portion 71, and the light extraction material layer 73 covered by the photoresist 9 forms a protrusion portion 72.
It should be noted that the etching depth of the light extraction material layer 73 can be adjusted by the length of the etching time, that is, the thickness of the flat plate portion 7 can be adjusted by the length of the etching time, and the thickness of the flat plate portion 7 is smaller as the etching time is longer.
Of course, the light extraction layer 7 may also be formed by embossing, which is not described in detail here.
A gap may be provided between two adjacent protrusions 72, and of course, no gap may be provided between two adjacent protrusions 72.
Referring to fig. 2 and 7, the second encapsulating layer 22 is disposed on a side of the first encapsulating layer 21 away from the display panel 1; the material of the second encapsulation layer 22 may be acrylic, epoxy, silicon oxide, or the like, and the refractive index of the second encapsulation layer 22 is greater than or equal to 1.40 and less than or equal to 1.55. The second encapsulation layer 22 may be formed on a side of the first encapsulation layer 21 away from the display panel 1 by Ink-jet printing (IJP).
In the present example embodiment, the second encapsulation layer 22 may serve as the planarization layer 8.
Since the refractive index of the planarization layer 8 is smaller than that of the light extraction layer 7, the light rays emitted from the light extraction layer 7 to the planarization layer 8 are emitted from the optically dense medium to the optically sparse medium, the incident light rays with the incident angle larger than a certain critical angle θ c (the light rays are far away from the normal) will disappear, and the incident light rays will be reflected without entering the planarization layer 8, thereby generating total reflection, affecting the light extraction efficiency of the light rays, and causing the light extraction efficiency of the display module to be lower. However, the convex portion 72 on the light extraction layer 7 reduces the incident angle of the incident light, thereby avoiding total reflection as much as possible and improving the light extraction efficiency; the above detailed description of the specific principles has been omitted for the sake of brevity.
The third encapsulating layer 23 is disposed on a side of the second encapsulating layer 22 away from the display panel 1, the material of the third encapsulating layer 23 may be silicon nitride (SiNx) or silicon oxynitride (SiNO), and the refractive index of the third encapsulating layer 23 is greater than or equal to 1.70 and less than or equal to 1.85. The third encapsulation layer 23 is formed by Chemical Vapor Deposition (CVD) on the side of the second encapsulation layer 22 away from the display panel 1.
Since the refractive index of the third encapsulating layer 23 is greater than that of the second encapsulating layer 22, the third encapsulating layer 23 arranged on the second encapsulating layer 22 is used for injecting light from the light-sparse medium to the light-dense medium, total reflection cannot be generated, and therefore the influence on the light extraction efficiency is small.
Referring to fig. 2, a barrier layer 3 is disposed on a side of the third encapsulation layer 23 away from the display panel 1, the material of the barrier layer 3 may be silicon nitride (SiNx) or the like, and a refractive index of the barrier layer 3 is greater than or equal to 1.70 and less than or equal to 1.85. The barrier layer 3 is formed on the side of the third encapsulation layer 23 away from the display panel 1 by Chemical Vapor Deposition (CVD).
The touch metal layer 4 is disposed on a side of the barrier layer 3 away from the display panel 1, and the touch metal layer 4 includes a plurality of metal lines connected to form a grid, so that an orthographic projection of the touch metal layer 4 on the substrate 11 is also grid. The orthographic projection of the metal wire on the display panel 1 is located in the orthographic projection of the gap between two adjacent convex parts 72 on the display panel 1, that is, the orthographic projection of the convex parts 72 on the display panel 1 is located in the grid of the orthographic projection of the touch metal layer 4 on the substrate base plate 11. The influence of the metal wire of the touch metal layer 4 on the light emitting efficiency is avoided.
The sub-pixels 15 are also located in the grid of the orthographic projection of the touch metal layer 4 on the substrate 11, and the sub-pixels 15 and the protruding parts 72 are in one-to-one correspondence.
The first adhesive layer 5 is disposed on one side of the touch metal layer 4, which is far away from the display panel 1, the first adhesive layer 5 may be made of UV adhesive (ultraviolet curing adhesive), the thickness of the first adhesive layer 5 is greater than or equal to 2 micrometers and less than or equal to 10 micrometers, and the refractive index of the first adhesive layer 5 is greater than or equal to 1.40 and less than or equal to 1.55.
A polarizing layer group 6 is arranged on the side of the first adhesive layer 5 away from the display panel 1. The first adhesive layer 5 not only serves to planarize the touch metal layer 4, but also bonds the touch metal layer 4 and the polarization layer group 6 together. The polarizing layer group 6 may include a retardation layer 61, a second adhesive layer 62, and a polarizing plate 63.
The retardation layer 61 is disposed on a side of the first adhesive layer 5 away from the display panel 1, the retardation layer 61 is made of liquid crystal, and is formed on a side of the second adhesive layer 62 away from the display panel 1 by a coating process or a spin coating process, and a thickness of the retardation layer 61 is less than 7 μm.
The second adhesive layer 62 is disposed on a side of the retardation layer 61 away from the display panel 1, the material of the second adhesive layer 62 may be UV adhesive (ultraviolet light curing adhesive), and the thickness of the second adhesive layer 62 is less than 3 μm. The second adhesive layer 62 can increase the bonding force between the retardation layer 61 and the polarizer 63, and prevent cracks from being generated between the retardation layer 61 and the polarizer 63.
The polarizer 63 is disposed on a side of the second adhesive layer 62 away from the display panel 1, the polarizer 63 may be made of liquid crystal, and is formed on a side of the second adhesive layer 62 away from the display panel 1 by a coating process or a spin coating process, and a thickness of the polarizer 63 is less than 6 μm. The thickness of the set of polarizing layers 6 is then less than 16 microns.
Of course, in some other exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure, since both the retardation layer 61 and the polarizer 63 are formed by a coating process or a spin coating process, the second glue layer 62 may not be provided.
The polarized layer group 6 can make the reflectivity of the display module be less than 5.5%, and after the reflectivity is reduced, the integral black effect of the display module is better.
It should be noted that, if the touch function is not required, the touch metal layer 4 may not be provided.
Referring to fig. 11, in a third example embodiment of the present disclosure, the encapsulation layer group 2 may include a first encapsulation layer 21, a second encapsulation layer 22, a third encapsulation layer 23, and a fourth encapsulation layer 24.
The first packaging layer 21 is arranged on the light emergent side of the display panel 1; the material of the first encapsulation layer 21 may be silicon nitride (SiNx), silicon oxynitride (SiNO), or the like, and the refractive index of the first encapsulation layer 21 is greater than or equal to 1.70 and less than or equal to 1.85. The first encapsulation layer 21 is formed on the side of the first planarization layer 13 away from the display panel 1 by Chemical Vapor Deposition (CVD).
The second packaging layer 22 is arranged on one side of the first packaging layer 21 far away from the display panel 1; the material of the second encapsulation layer 22 may be acrylic, epoxy, silicon oxide, or the like, and the refractive index of the second encapsulation layer 22 is greater than or equal to 1.40 and less than or equal to 1.55. The second encapsulating layer 22 is formed on the side of the first encapsulating layer 21 away from the display panel 1 by Ink-jet printing (IJP).
The third encapsulating layer 23 is disposed on a side of the second encapsulating layer 22 away from the display panel 1, the material of the third encapsulating layer 23 may be silicon nitride (SiNx) or the like, and the refractive index of the third encapsulating layer 23 is greater than or equal to 1.70 and less than or equal to 1.85. The third encapsulation layer 23 is formed by Chemical Vapor Deposition (CVD) on the side of the second encapsulation layer 22 away from the display panel 1.
In the present exemplary embodiment, the third encapsulation layer 23 may serve as the light extraction layer 7, and the light extraction layer 7 may include a flat plate portion 71 and a plurality of protruding portions 72, the flat plate portion 71 is disposed on a side of the second encapsulation layer 22 away from the display panel 1, the plurality of protruding portions 72 are disposed on a side of the flat plate portion 71 away from the display panel 1, and the protruding portions 72 protrude toward a side away from the display panel 1. The orthographic projection of the protrusion 72 on the display panel 1 covers the sub-pixel 15, i.e. the orthographic projection of the protrusion 72 on the display panel 1 coincides with the sub-pixel 15, or the sub-pixel 15 is located within the orthographic projection of the protrusion 72 on the display panel 1, so that most of the light emitted from the sub-pixel 15 needs to be emitted through the protrusion 72.
The fourth encapsulant layer 24 is disposed on a side of the third encapsulant layer 23 away from the display panel 1, the material of the fourth encapsulant layer 24 may be acrylic, epoxy, silicon oxide, or the like, and the refractive index of the fourth encapsulant layer 24 is greater than or equal to 1.40 and less than or equal to 1.55. The fourth encapsulating layer 24 is formed on the side of the third encapsulating layer 23 away from the display panel 1 by Ink-jet printing (IJP).
In the present example embodiment, the fourth encapsulation layer 24 may serve as the planarization layer 8.
Since the refractive index of the planarization layer 8 is smaller than that of the light extraction layer 7, the light rays emitted from the light extraction layer 7 to the planarization layer 8 are emitted from the optically dense medium to the optically sparse medium, the incident light rays with the incident angle larger than a certain critical angle θ c (the light rays are far away from the normal) will disappear, and the incident light rays will be reflected without entering the planarization layer 8, thereby generating total reflection, affecting the light extraction efficiency of the light rays, and causing the light extraction efficiency of the display module to be lower. However, the convex portion 72 on the light extraction layer 7 reduces the incident angle of the incident light, thereby avoiding total reflection as much as possible and improving the light extraction efficiency; the above detailed description of the specific principles has been omitted for the sake of brevity.
Referring to fig. 12, in a fourth exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure, an encapsulation layer group 2 may be provided as a four-layer structure, and a second encapsulation layer 22 may be used as the light extraction layer 7 and a third encapsulation layer 23 may be used as the planarization layer 8. The method comprises the following specific steps:
the first packaging layer 21 is arranged on the light emergent side of the display panel 1; the material of the first encapsulation layer 21 may be silicon nitride (SiNx), silicon oxynitride (SiNO), or the like, and the refractive index of the first encapsulation layer 21 is greater than or equal to 1.70 and less than or equal to 1.85. The first encapsulation layer 21 is formed on the side of the first planarization layer 13 away from the display panel 1 by Chemical Vapor Deposition (CVD).
The second packaging layer 22 is arranged on one side of the first packaging layer 21 far away from the display panel 1; the material of the second encapsulation layer 22 may be a high refractive index oc (over coating) material, and the refractive index of the second encapsulation layer 22 is greater than or equal to 1.70 and less than or equal to 1.85.
In the present exemplary embodiment, the second encapsulation layer 22 may serve as the light extraction layer 7, and the light extraction layer 7 may include a plurality of protrusions 72, the plurality of protrusions 72 being provided on a side of the first encapsulation layer 21 away from the display panel 1, the protrusions 72 protruding toward the side away from the display panel 1. The orthographic projection of the protrusion 72 on the display panel 1 covers the sub-pixel 15, i.e. the orthographic projection of the protrusion 72 on the display panel 1 coincides with the sub-pixel 15, or the sub-pixel 15 is located within the orthographic projection of the protrusion 72 on the display panel 1, so that most of the light emitted from the sub-pixel 15 needs to be emitted through the protrusion 72.
The light extraction layer 7 was prepared as follows: referring to fig. 13, a light extraction material layer 73 is formed on the side of the first encapsulation layer 21 away from the display panel 1 by a coating or spin coating process. Referring to fig. 14, a mask plate 10 is placed on a side of the light extraction material layer 73 away from the display panel 1, the mask plate 10 includes a light shielding portion 101 and a light transmitting portion 102, the light transmitting portion 102 is disposed opposite to the sub-pixel 15, the remaining portion is disposed opposite to the light shielding portion 101, then light irradiation is performed, and finally the light extraction material layer 73 is developed to remove the light extraction material layer 73 disposed opposite to the light transmitting portion 102, so as to form the structure shown in fig. 12, the light extraction material layer 73 is made of negative photoresist, and the inverted trapezoidal protruding portion 72 is formed.
Of course, the light extraction layer 7 may also be formed by embossing, which is not described in detail here.
Referring to fig. 12, the third encapsulating layer 23 is disposed on a side of the second encapsulating layer 22 away from the display panel 1; the material of the third encapsulation layer 23 may be acrylic, epoxy, silicon oxide, or the like, and the refractive index of the third encapsulation layer 23 is greater than or equal to 1.40 and less than or equal to 1.55. The third encapsulating layer 23 is formed on the side of the first encapsulating layer 21 away from the display panel 1 by Ink-jet printing (IJP).
In the present example embodiment, the third encapsulation layer 23 may serve as the planarization layer 8.
The fourth encapsulant layer 24 is disposed on a side of the third encapsulant layer 23 away from the display panel 1, the fourth encapsulant layer 24 may be made of silicon nitride (SiNx) or the like, and a refractive index of the fourth encapsulant layer 24 is greater than or equal to 1.70 and less than or equal to 1.85. The fourth encapsulation layer 24 is formed on the side of the second encapsulation layer 22 away from the display panel 1 by Chemical Vapor Deposition (CVD).
Referring to fig. 16, in a fifth exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure, the encapsulation layer group 2 may include a first encapsulation layer 21, a second encapsulation layer 22, and a third encapsulation layer 23. However, the first encapsulating layer 21 does not serve as the light extraction layer 7, that is, the first encapsulating layer 21 is provided in a flat plate shape; the second encapsulation layer 22 also does not act as a planarization layer 8. The materials of the first encapsulation layer 21, the second encapsulation layer 22 and the third encapsulation layer 23 are the same as those in the first exemplary embodiment, and therefore, the description thereof is omitted.
A barrier layer 3 is provided on the third encapsulation layer 23 on the side away from the display panel 1, and the barrier layer 3 may serve as a light extraction layer 7. The method comprises the following specific steps:
the light extraction layer 7 may include a flat plate portion 71, and the flat plate portion 71 is disposed on a side of the third encapsulation layer 23 away from the display panel 1, that is, the flat plate portion 71 of the light extraction layer 7 may be disposed between the touch metal layer 4 and the encapsulation layer group 2. A plurality of protruding portions 72 are provided on a side of the flat plate portion 71 away from the display panel 1, a gap is provided between two adjacent protruding portions 72, and the metal wire is located in the gap. The orthographic projection of the protrusion 72 on the display panel 1 covers the sub-pixel 15, i.e. the orthographic projection of the protrusion 72 on the display panel 1 coincides with the sub-pixel 15, or the sub-pixel 15 is located within the orthographic projection of the protrusion 72 on the display panel 1, so that most of the light emitted from the sub-pixel 15 needs to be emitted through the protrusion 72.
Referring to fig. 17, in a sixth exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure, the exemplary embodiment is mainly different from the fifth exemplary embodiment in that: the barrier layer 3 does not serve as the light extraction layer 7, but the light extraction layer 7 is separately provided on the side of the barrier layer 3 away from the display panel 1, and the light extraction layer 7 may not include the flat plate portion 71, that is, the light extraction layer 7 may include only a plurality of protruding portions 72, and a gap is provided between two adjacent protruding portions 72, and the metal wire is located in the gap. The orthographic projection of the protrusion 72 on the display panel 1 covers the sub-pixel 15, i.e. the orthographic projection of the protrusion 72 on the display panel 1 coincides with the sub-pixel 15, or the sub-pixel 15 is located within the orthographic projection of the protrusion 72 on the display panel 1, so that most of the light emitted from the sub-pixel 15 needs to be emitted through the protrusion 72. Of course, the light extraction layer 7 may also be configured to include the flat plate portion 71, and will not be described herein.
Referring to fig. 16 and 17, the planarization layer 8 covers the light extraction layer 7 and the touch metal layer 4. Specifically, the first adhesive layer 5 disposed on the side of the touch metal layer 4 away from the display panel 1 may serve as the planarization layer 8, that is, the refractive index of the first adhesive layer 5 is smaller than that of the light extraction layer 7. The first adhesive layer 5 serves as a planarization layer 8 to planarize a concave-convex plane formed by the light extraction layer 7 and the touch metal layer 4, serves as an adhesive layer to bond the light extraction layer 7 and the polarization layer group 6, and is matched with the light extraction layer 7 to improve the light extraction efficiency of the display module.
A polarizing layer group 6 is disposed on a side of the first adhesive layer 5 away from the display panel 1, and a specific structure of the polarizing layer group 6 has been described in detail above, and therefore, the detailed description thereof is omitted here.
In the above exemplary embodiment, the structure in which the light extraction layer 7 and the planarization layer 8 are provided in the display module is described. In other example embodiments of the present disclosure, two or more light extraction layers 7 may be provided, and correspondingly, two or more planarization layers 8 may be provided. As long as there is an interface from the high refractive index medium to the low refractive index medium, the high refractive index medium layer may be set as the light extraction layer 7, and the low refractive index medium layer may be set as the planarization layer 8, that is, the above embodiments may be combined if allowed, and the light extraction efficiency of the display module may be further improved. The material of the light extraction layer 7 and the material of the planarization layer 8 are not limited to the above description, and the refractive index of the light extraction layer 7 may be larger than the refractive index of the planarization layer 8.
Based on the same inventive concept, the disclosed example embodiments provide a display device, which may include any one of the display modules described above. The specific structure of the display module has been described in detail above, and therefore, the detailed description thereof is omitted here.
The specific type of the display device is not particularly limited, and any display device commonly used in the art may be used, specifically, for example, a mobile device such as a mobile phone, a wearable device such as a watch, a VR device, and the like.
It should be noted that, the display device includes other necessary components and components besides the display module, taking a display as an example, specifically, such as a housing, a circuit board, a power line, and the like, and those skilled in the art can supplement the display device accordingly according to the specific use requirements of the display device, and details are not described herein.
Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the display device provided by the exemplary embodiment of the present invention are the same as those of the display module provided by the above exemplary embodiment, and are not described herein again.
Other embodiments of the disclosure will be apparent to those skilled in the art from consideration of the specification and practice of the disclosure disclosed herein. This application is intended to cover any variations, uses, or adaptations of the disclosure following, in general, the principles of the disclosure and including such departures from the present disclosure as come within known or customary practice within the art to which the disclosure pertains. It is intended that the specification and examples be considered as exemplary only, with a true scope and spirit of the disclosure being indicated by the following claims.
Claims (15)
1. A display module, comprising:
a display panel including a plurality of sub-pixels;
the light extraction layer is arranged on the light emergent side of the display panel and comprises a plurality of convex parts, and the sub-pixels are covered by the orthographic projection of the convex parts on the display panel;
the planarization layer is arranged on one side, far away from the display panel, of the light extraction layer, and the refractive index of the planarization layer is smaller than that of the light extraction layer.
2. The display module assembly of claim 1, wherein the protrusion is configured as a segment structure, an ellipsoid segment structure, a cylinder structure, a truncated cone structure, or a truncated pyramid structure.
3. The display module assembly of claim 1, wherein the display module assembly further comprises:
and the packaging layer group is arranged on the light emitting side of the display panel.
4. The display module of claim 3, wherein the set of encapsulation layers comprises:
the first packaging layer is arranged on the light emergent side of the display panel;
the second packaging layer is arranged on one side, far away from the display panel, of the first packaging layer;
the third packaging layer is arranged on one side, far away from the display panel, of the second packaging layer;
the light extraction layer is one of the packaging layer sets, and the planarization layer is one of the packaging layer sets.
5. The display module of claim 4, wherein the light extraction layer is the first encapsulation layer and the planarization layer is the second encapsulation layer.
6. The display module of claim 4, wherein the set of encapsulation layers further comprises:
the fourth packaging layer is arranged on one side, far away from the display panel, of the third packaging layer;
the light extraction layer is the second encapsulation layer, and the planarization layer is the third encapsulation layer; or, the light extraction layer is the third encapsulation layer, and the planarization layer is the fourth encapsulation layer.
7. The display module assembly of claim 3, wherein the display module assembly further comprises:
the touch metal layer is arranged on the packaging layer group and is far away from one side of the display panel, the touch metal layer comprises a plurality of metal wires, a gap is formed between every two adjacent protrusions, and the metal wires are located in the orthographic projection of the display panel, wherein the gap is located in the orthographic projection of the display panel.
8. The display module assembly of claim 7, wherein the display module assembly further comprises:
the barrier layer is arranged between the touch metal layer and the packaging layer group, and the light extraction layer is the barrier layer or is positioned on one side of the barrier layer, which is far away from the display panel; the metal wire is arranged in a gap between every two adjacent bulges, and the planarization layer covers the light extraction layer and the touch metal layer.
9. The display module assembly of claim 7, wherein the display module assembly further comprises:
the first adhesive layer is arranged on one side, far away from the display panel, of the touch metal layer;
and the polarizing layer group is arranged on one side of the first adhesive layer, which is far away from the display panel.
10. The display module according to claim 9, wherein the metal lines are disposed in a gap between two adjacent protrusions, and the first adhesive layer is the planarization layer.
11. The display module of claim 9, wherein the set of polarizing layers comprises:
the delay layer is arranged on one side, far away from the display panel, of the first adhesive layer;
and the polaroid is arranged on one side of the delay layer, which is far away from the display panel.
12. The display module of claim 11, wherein the set of polarizing layers comprises:
and the second adhesive layer is adhered between the retardation layer and the polarizer.
13. The display module of claim 12, wherein the first adhesive layer and the second adhesive layer are both UV adhesive.
14. The display module of claim 1, wherein the light extraction layer further comprises:
the flat plate part is arranged on one side of the protruding part close to the display panel.
15. A display device, comprising: the display module according to any one of claims 1 to 14.
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| CN202111349138.9A CN114068844A (en) | 2021-11-15 | 2021-11-15 | Display module and display device |
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| CN202111349138.9A CN114068844A (en) | 2021-11-15 | 2021-11-15 | Display module and display device |
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