CN114068162B - Cascade type repetition frequency trigger of two-stage pulse transformer - Google Patents
Cascade type repetition frequency trigger of two-stage pulse transformer Download PDFInfo
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- CN114068162B CN114068162B CN202111363783.6A CN202111363783A CN114068162B CN 114068162 B CN114068162 B CN 114068162B CN 202111363783 A CN202111363783 A CN 202111363783A CN 114068162 B CN114068162 B CN 114068162B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
- H01F38/00—Adaptations of transformers or inductances for specific applications or functions
- H01F38/16—Cascade transformers, e.g. for use with extra high tension
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01F—MAGNETS; INDUCTANCES; TRANSFORMERS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR MAGNETIC PROPERTIES
- H01F27/00—Details of transformers or inductances, in general
- H01F27/28—Coils; Windings; Conductive connections
- H01F27/30—Fastening or clamping coils, windings, or parts thereof together; Fastening or mounting coils or windings on core, casing, or other support
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Abstract
The invention discloses a cascade type repetition frequency trigger of a two-stage pulse transformer, a first-stage driving module and a first-stage pulse transformer Tr 1 Primary side connection of the first stage pulse transformer Tr 1 The center tap of the secondary side is grounded, and the primary pulse transformer Tr 1 The secondary side of (a) is divided into two paths, one path is connected with a second-stage pulse transformer Tr 2 The other path is connected with the second-stage pulse transformer Tr through the steepening switch S 2 Primary side of the second stage pulse transformer Tr is connected in series 2 One end of the secondary side is grounded, and the other end of the secondary side outputs a positive polarity or negative polarity single polarity high voltage. The invention has the advantages of high output voltage, fast front edge, small coupling capacitance and high reliability of the repeated frequency operation.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of pulse power, and particularly relates to a cascade type repetition frequency trigger of a two-stage pulse transformer.
Background
MV-level Tesla transformer is commonly used for an accelerator of a pulse power source, and is widely applied in the national defense fields of high-power particle beams, high-power microwaves, ultra-wideband repetition frequency pulses and the like. Whereas for the main switch required for MV-level Tesla pulse power sources, a high voltage pulse trigger is typically required for triggering. The existing trigger usually adopts a built-in type, namely the trigger is integrally placed in a Tesla cavity, and the trigger is greatly damaged due to factors such as electric coupling and electromagnetic interference when a main loop discharges. Because the main loop is coupled to the factors such as the trigger voltage is too high, the electromagnetic interference influences the trigger effectiveness, the conventional trigger has the problems of failure, low reliability, easy damage of a semiconductor switch, and the like when running for a long time, and the built-in trigger is not easy to disassemble, assemble and maintain.
The high-voltage pulse trigger commonly used at present is a Marx type trigger, a Tesla type trigger and a closed magnetic core transformer type trigger. The Marx type trigger is adopted to charge the transmission line, so that high output voltage and fast forward can be realized, but a large number of spark gaps are difficult to adjust, the service life is limited, and long-time repeated frequency operation is difficult; the Tesla type trigger has high turn ratio, a large number of turns of the secondary winding, large leakage inductance, difficulty in realizing a fast front edge and large coupling capacitance between the primary and the secondary, and is commonly used for driving a small load; the pulse transformer type trigger has the advantages of simple structure, strong repeated frequency operation capability, high energy conversion efficiency and the like, but the secondary side turns of the conventional single-stage pulse transformer type trigger also have tens of turns to hundreds of turns, and the problem of larger coupling capacitance exists to a certain extent. When a conventional single-stage pulse transformer type trigger is adopted to trigger an MV-level high-voltage switch, after the switch is turned on, the output of the trigger is integrally raised to MV-level high potential, MV-level voltage is coupled to the primary side of a variable pulse transformer through a distributed capacitor between the primary side and the secondary side of the single-stage pulse transformer, very high interference voltage is generated on the primary side of the pulse transformer, and low-voltage components such as a semiconductor switch on the primary side are affected, so that the problem of low reliability of the long-term operation of the trigger is caused.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention provides a cascade type repetition frequency trigger of a two-stage pulse transformer, which adopts a semiconductor switch and a steeper switch to improve the stability and the repetition frequency operation capability of a system, adopts a special grounding mode and a pulse transformer structure to reduce the coupling of interference voltage, is beneficial to the miniaturization of a trigger device, has the advantages of high output voltage, fast front edge, low coupling interference voltage, high repetition frequency operation reliability and the like, and has important significance for solving the triggering problem of an MV-level pulse source.
The invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a cascade repetition frequency trigger of a two-stage pulse transformer comprises a first-stage driving module, wherein the first-stage driving module comprises a capacitor C 1 And a semiconductor switch T 1 Capacitor C 1 And semiconductor switch T 1 Series connected pulse transformer Tr with first stage 1 Primary side connection of the first stage pulse transformer Tr 1 The center tap of the secondary side is grounded, the first stage pulseFlushing transformer Tr 1 Is connected with a second-stage driving element, one end of the second-stage driving element is connected with a second-stage pulse transformer Tr through a steepening switch S 2 One end of the primary side is connected with the other end of the second-stage driving element and the second-stage pulse transformer Tr 2 The other end of the primary side is connected with a second-stage pulse transformer Tr 2 One end of the secondary side is grounded, and the other end of the secondary side outputs a positive polarity or negative polarity single polarity high voltage.
Specifically, the first stage pulse transformer Tr 1 The multi-primary-side multi-secondary-side structure is provided with N primary sides with the same number of turns, M secondary sides with the same number of turns, N and M are all connected in parallel, and the center tap of each secondary side is grounded.
Further, the first stage pulse transformer Tr 1 The magnetic core is made of silicon steel, the number of turns of each primary side is 2-3, the number of turns of each secondary side is 20-100, and the primary pulse transformer Tr 1 The number of turns of the secondary side is even.
Specifically, the second-stage pulse transformer Tr 2 The magnetic core is made of ferrite, the number of turns of the primary side is 1-5, and the number of turns of the secondary side is 3-25.
Specifically, the first-stage driving module comprises N capacitors with the same capacity and N semiconductor switches, each capacitor is connected with one semiconductor switch in series to form N capacitor semiconductor switch branches connected in series, each capacitor semiconductor switch branch is connected with one primary side of the first-stage pulse transformer, the total capacity of the capacitors of the first-stage driving module is 0.1-100 mu F, and the charging voltage is 300-3000V.
Specifically, the second stage driving element is a high-voltage capacitor C 2 The high-voltage capacitor is used for driving the second-stage pulse transformer, and the capacity of the high-voltage capacitor is less than or equal to 100nF.
Specifically, the second stage driving element is a transmission line TL, and the head end of the transmission line TL and the first stage pulse transformer Tr 1 The tail end of the transformer is divided into two paths, one path is connected with the second-stage pulse transformer Tr through a steepening switch S 2 One end of the primary side is connected with the other path of the primary side is connected with a second-stage pulse transformer Tr 2 The other end of the primary side is connected.
Specifically, the second stage driving element is a transmission line TL and a high-voltage capacitor C connected in parallel 2 Head end of transmission line TL and first-stage pulse transformer Tr 2 Is connected with the secondary side of the high-voltage capacitor C at the tail end 2 High-voltage capacitor C 2 Is divided into two paths, one path passes through a steepening switch S and a second-stage pulse transformer Tr 2 One end of the primary side is connected with the other path of the primary side is connected with a second-stage pulse transformer Tr 2 The other end of the primary side is connected.
Further, the transmission line TL is a coaxial transmission line or a parallel wire transmission line, the length of which is less than or equal to 1000 meters, and is wound on a tapered insulating plate in the pulse source cavity to form a tapered inductor.
Specifically, the steeper switch is a gas switch with pre-ionization, the trigger electrode of the steeper switch is grounded through a high-voltage resistor of more than or equal to 1MΩ, and the on time of the steeper switch is less than 20ns.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has at least the following beneficial effects:
the invention relates to a cascade type repetition frequency trigger of a two-stage pulse transformer, which adopts a cascade type scheme of the two-stage pulse transformer, wherein a first-stage pulse transformer changes the low voltage of a primary side into the bipolar high voltage of positive and negative output of a secondary side, and a second-stage pulse transformer performs secondary boosting on the bipolar voltage of the first-stage pulse transformer and changes the bipolar voltage into single polarity. The number of turns of primary and secondary sides of the second-stage pulse transformer is small, so that the distributed capacitance between the primary and secondary sides of the pulse transformer is greatly reduced, and the ground voltage of the primary side of the second-stage pulse transformer coupled to the main loop is reduced; the differential voltage of the first-stage pulse transformer is zero under a positive-negative polarity differential structure, so that the interference voltage coupled to the two ends of the primary side semiconductor switch of the first-stage transformer can be effectively reduced; the steepening switch is matched with the second-stage transformer with few turns, and can directly output voltage with fast front edge and high amplitude at the secondary side of the second-stage pulse transformer; the semiconductor switch and the steepening switch are adopted, so that the stability and the repetition frequency operation capability of the system are improved.
Furthermore, the primary pulse transformer adopts a multi-primary-side and multi-secondary-side structure, and the leakage inductance of the transformer can be greatly reduced by the multi-primary-side and multi-secondary-side structure, so that the required volume of the transformer is effectively reduced, and the primary pulse transformer has important significance for miniaturization of the pulse transformer; meanwhile, the equivalent leakage inductance of the parallel structure of multiple secondary sides of the first-stage transformer is reduced in multiple, the distributed capacitance to the ground is increased, and the ground voltage of the main loop coupled to the first-stage transformer can be effectively reduced.
Furthermore, the silicon steel has larger saturation induction intensity, which is beneficial to reducing the volume of the pulse transformer; the secondary side of the first-stage pulse transformer is provided with even turns, so that a center tap is conveniently arranged, and the center tap is grounded.
Furthermore, the second-stage pulse transformer has smaller front edges of input and output voltages, higher equivalent frequency and needs to adopt a magnetic field with higher response frequency. Ferrite has a high response frequency. The secondary side of the second-stage pulse transformer has fewer turns, and the leakage inductance and the distributed capacitance are smaller, so that the output front edge of the second-stage pulse transformer can be reduced, and the interference voltage of the pulse source main loop, which is coupled to the low-voltage loop, can be reduced.
Furthermore, the primary side of the first-stage pulse transformer is respectively connected with a capacitor semiconductor switch branch, so that the equivalent distributed inductance of the primary side driving loop can be reduced, the equivalent distributed capacitance of the primary side driving loop is increased, and the current born by a single semiconductor switch is reduced.
Furthermore, the high-voltage capacitor is adopted to drive the second-stage pulse transformer, the second-stage pulse transformer has strong load capacity, and the trigger current is large.
Furthermore, the unit length of the transmission line has a certain equivalent capacitance, the transmission line is adopted to drive the second-stage pulse transformer, the second-stage pulse transformer has weaker load capacity, and trigger current is smaller; however, the transmission line has a certain equivalent capacitance and inductance to the ground, and the transmission line is adopted between the two stages of transformers of the trigger to perform transient isolation, so that overvoltage coupled to the output port of the primary transformer can be restrained, and the interference of the primary circuit to the primary transformer of the trigger can be reduced. The arrangement of the transmission line can meet different application occasions, and when the first-stage pulse transformer and the second-stage pulse transformer are integrally arranged in a short distance, the transmission line can be omitted; however, when the first-stage pulse transformer and the second-stage pulse transformer are separately arranged, if the second-stage pulse transformer is disposed in the large-scale pulse source cavity, the first-stage pulse transformer is disposed outside the large-scale pulse source cavity, and then a transmission line is required to be included.
Further, the pulse transformer has the advantages of being high in load carrying capacity and trigger triggering current of the second-stage pulse transformer, and also has the advantages of isolating transient pulses by a transmission line and enabling the second-stage pulse transformer to be arranged separately.
Further, the transmission line is wound on the conical insulating plate in the cavity to form a conical inductor to isolate transient voltage. When the main switch for the MV-level Tesla pulse source is triggered, the first-stage transformer can be arranged outside the pulse source cavity, and the output voltage of the trigger is introduced into the Tesla cavity through a transmission line and is boosted to a main switch triggering gap through the secondary of the second-stage transformer. Compared with the built-in scheme of the trigger, the Tesla pulse source cavity is made of metal and has the effect of shielding electromagnetic interference, and the secondary transformer adopts a gas switch, so that the interference received by the built-in Tesla cavity is small, and the problem of severe electromagnetic environment can be effectively solved.
In conclusion, the invention has the advantages of high output voltage, fast front edge, low coupling interference voltage, high reliability of repeated frequency operation and the like, and has important significance for solving the triggering problem of the MV-level pulse source.
The technical scheme of the invention is further described in detail through the drawings and the embodiments.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a two-stage pulse transformer cascade repetition frequency trigger with a second stage drive element being a transmission line and a high voltage capacitor in parallel;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the transmission line introduction when the first stage pulse transformer is placed outside the Tesla pulse source cavity;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a two-stage pulse transformer cascade repetition frequency trigger with a high voltage capacitor as the second stage drive element;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a cascade repetition frequency trigger of a two-stage pulse transformer with a multi-primary side and multi-secondary side structure of a first-stage pulse transformer;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a two-stage pulse transformer cascode repetition frequency trigger with a second stage drive element being a transmission line;
FIG. 6 is a graph of the output voltage waveform of a two-stage pulse transformer cascade type repetition frequency trigger;
fig. 7 is a waveform diagram of the repetition frequency operation of the cascade type repetition frequency trigger of the two-stage pulse transformer.
Wherein: 1. and a conical insulating plate.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and fully with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is evident that the embodiments described are some, but not all embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless explicitly specified and limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, and may be either fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected, for example; can be mechanically or electrically connected; can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and can be communication between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention will be understood in specific cases by those of ordinary skill in the art.
It should be understood that the terms "comprises" and "comprising," when used in this specification and the appended claims, specify the presence of stated features, integers, steps, operations, elements, and/or components, but do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integers, steps, operations, elements, components, and/or groups thereof.
It is also to be understood that the terminology used in the description of the invention is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention. As used in this specification and the appended claims, the singular forms "a," "an," and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.
It should be further understood that the term "and/or" as used in the present specification and the appended claims refers to any and all possible combinations of one or more of the associated listed items, and includes such combinations.
Various structural schematic diagrams according to the disclosed embodiments of the present invention are shown in the accompanying drawings. The figures are not drawn to scale, wherein certain details are exaggerated for clarity of presentation and may have been omitted. The shapes of the various regions, layers and their relative sizes, positional relationships shown in the drawings are merely exemplary, may in practice deviate due to manufacturing tolerances or technical limitations, and one skilled in the art may additionally design regions/layers having different shapes, sizes, relative positions as actually required.
The invention provides a cascade type repetition frequency trigger of a two-stage pulse transformer, wherein a center tap of a secondary side of a first-stage pulse transformer is grounded, the low voltage of a primary side is changed into bipolar high voltage for positive and negative output of the secondary side, a transmission line is used for transmitting output voltage of the first-stage pulse transformer to a second-stage driving capacitor, the second-stage pulse transformer is used for outputting final trigger voltage, one end of the secondary side of the second-stage pulse transformer is grounded, and the other end of the secondary side of the second-stage pulse transformer outputs positive polarity or negative polarity unipolar high voltage. The trigger has the advantages of high output voltage, fast front edge, high stability and reliability of heavy frequency operation, low interference voltage of primary drive loop coupling, contribution to miniaturization and the like.
Referring to FIG. 1, a cascade type repetition frequency trigger of a two-stage pulse transformer of the present invention includes a first stage driving module, a first stage pulse transformer Tr 1 Transmission line TL, second stage driving capacitor C 2 Steepening switch S, second stage pulse transformer Tr 2 。
The first stage driving module comprises a capacitor C 1 And a semiconductor switch T 1 Capacitor C 1 And semiconductor switch T 1 Series connection of capacitor C 1 And a semiconductor switch T 1 The first-stage pulse transformer Tr is connected after series connection 1 Is the primary side of (2); first-stage pulse transformer Tr 1 The center tap of the secondary side is grounded and is used for converting the low voltage of the primary side into bipolar high voltage of positive and negative output of the secondary side; the transmission line TL is used for driving the first-stage pulse transformer Tr 1 Is transferred to the second stage driving capacitor C 2 One end of the transmission line TL is connected with a first-stage pulse transformer Tr 1 The other end of the transmission line TL is connected to the second-stage driving capacitor C 2 The method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the The steeper switch S is used for switching the second stage pulse transformer Tr 2 Leading edge steepening of primary side driving voltage, steepening switch S and second stage pulse transformer Tr 2 After being connected in series with the primary side of the second stage driving capacitor C 2 Connecting; second-stage pulse transformer Tr 2 For outputting final trigger voltage, second-stage pulse transformer Tr 2 One end of the secondary side is grounded, and the other end of the secondary side outputs a positive polarity or negative polarity single polarity high voltage.
Wherein, the first stage pulse transformer Tr 1 Has a magnetic core made of silicon steel and a first-stage pulse transformer Tr 1 The number of turns of the primary side is 2-3, the number of turns of the secondary side is 20-100, and the number of turns of the secondary side is even.
Second-stage pulse transformer Tr 2 Having a magnetic core of ferrite material, a second-stage pulse transformer Tr 2 The number of turns of the primary side is 1-5 turns, and the number of turns of the secondary side is 3-25 turns.
The transmission line TL is a coaxial transmission line or a parallel conductor transmission line, and has a length of not more than 1000 meters.
Second stage drive capacitor C 2 Not exceeding 100nF;
capacitor C 1 The total capacity of the battery is 0.1-100 mu F, and the charging voltage is 300-3000V;
the steeper switch S is a gas switch with preionization to improve the working stability of the switching repetition frequency, the conduction time is less than 20ns, the steeper switch S comprises a high-voltage electrode, a low-voltage electrode and a trigger stage, and the high-voltage electrode is connected with a second stage driving capacitor C 2 One end of (2)The trigger electrode is grounded via a high-voltage resistor R above 1MΩ, and the low-voltage electrode is connected with a second-stage pulse transformer Tr 2 One end of the primary side.
Second-stage pulse transformer Tr 2 The voltage directly output reaches 180kV at most, the front edge is smaller than 160ns, and the repetition frequency reaches 50Hz at most.
Referring to fig. 2, a schematic diagram is introduced into a transmission line when a first-stage pulse transformer is disposed outside a Tesla pulse source cavity, which is an application condition of a cascade type repetition frequency trigger of a two-stage pulse transformer. First-stage driving module and first-stage pulse transformer Tr 1 The second stage driving capacitor C is arranged outside the Tesla pulse source cavity 2 Steeper switch S and second stage pulse transformer Tr 2 Is arranged in the cavity of the pulse source. First-stage pulse transformer Tr 1 Is introduced into the cavity from the pulse source cavity through a length of transmission line TL wound on a tapered insulating plate 1 in the cavity to form a tapered inductance.
The working condition can effectively reduce the interference of the Tesla pulse source main loop to the trigger semiconductor switch and improve the electromagnetic environment of the trigger semiconductor switch.
Referring to FIG. 3, the two-stage pulse transformer cascade type repetition frequency flip-flop does not include a transmission line, and the second stage driving capacitor C 2 Direct and first stage pulse transformer Tr 1 Is suitable for the condition that the primary pulse transformer Tr does not need to be connected 1 And a second-stage pulse transformer Tr 2 A case of separate arrangement.
Referring to fig. 4, a first stage pulse transformer Tr 1 Two-stage pulse transformer cascade type repetition frequency trigger with multiple primary sides and multiple secondary sides, and first-stage pulse transformer Tr 1 The primary sides with the same number of turns are provided with N secondary sides with the same number of turns, N and M are all more than or equal to 2, the M secondary sides are all connected in parallel, and the center taps of the M secondary sides are all grounded.
The first stage driving module further comprises N capacitors C with the same capacity 1-1 ～C 1-N And N semiconductor switches T 1 ～T N Each capacitor is connected in series with a semiconductor switch to form N stringsA plurality of capacitor semiconductor switching branches, each connected to the first-stage pulse transformer Tr 1 Is arranged on the main side of the steel sheet.
Referring to fig. 5, a first stage pulse transformer Tr 1 The two-stage pulse transformer cascade type repetition frequency trigger with multiple primary sides and multiple secondary sides structure does not comprise a second-stage driving capacitor, and the switch S and the second-stage pulse transformer Tr are steeped at the moment 2 Is directly connected with the other end of the transmission line TL after being connected in series with the primary side of the transmission line TL; since the transmission line TL has a certain equivalent capacitance, the transmission line TL can directly drive the second-stage pulse transformer Tr 2 。
For the purpose of making the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more apparent, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments of the present invention. The components of the embodiments of the present invention generally described and illustrated in the figures herein may be arranged and designed in a wide variety of different configurations. Thus, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the invention, as presented in the figures, is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, as claimed, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
Example 1
In this embodiment, the first-stage pulse transformer has a multi-primary-side and multi-secondary-side structure, the number of primary sides is n=8, the number of turns of each primary side is 2 turns, the number of secondary sides is m=8, the number of turns of each secondary side is 60 turns, and the magnetic core material is silicon steel; the first stage driving module comprises 8 1.2 mu F capacitors and 8 thyristor switches, and the charging voltage of the capacitors is 1500V; the length of the transmission line is 40 meters; the capacitance of the second-stage driving capacitor is 2nF; the second-stage pulse transformer is of a single primary side and single secondary side structure, the magnetic core material is ferrite, the number of turns of the primary side is 5, and the number of turns of the secondary side is 15.
Referring to fig. 5, 6 and 7, the voltage output by the second-stage pulse transformer is the output voltage of the trigger, the amplitude of the output voltage of the trigger reaches 180kV, and the leading edge is less than 160ns; under the condition of 50Hz repetition frequency operation, the output voltage of the trigger exceeds 180kV, the maximum output voltage reaches 190kV, the output voltage still has certain voltage amplitude jitter, and the voltage fluctuation range is smaller than 10kV.
Example 2
In the embodiment, the first-stage pulse transformer has a single primary side and a single secondary side, the number of turns of the primary side is 2 turns, the number of turns of the secondary side is 30 turns, and the magnetic core material is silicon steel; the first stage driving module comprises 1 9.6 mu F capacitor and 1 thyristor switch, and the charging voltage of the capacitor is 3000V; the second stage driving capacitor has a capacitance of 2nF without a transmission line; the second-stage pulse transformer is of a single primary side and single secondary side structure, the magnetic core material is ferrite, the number of turns of the primary side is 1 turn, and the number of turns of the secondary side is 3 turns; the amplitude of the output voltage of the trigger reaches 180kV, the front edge is smaller than 130ns, and the repetition frequency reaches 50Hz at most.
In this embodiment, the number of turns of the second-stage pulse transformer is smaller, and leakage inductance and distributed capacitance of the transformer are smaller, so that the rising front edge of the output voltage of the trigger can be further reduced.
Example 3
In the embodiment, the device comprises 3 triggers, wherein the number of turns of the primary side of the first-stage pulse transformer is 2, the number of turns of the secondary side is 60, and the magnetic core material is silicon steel; the charging voltage of the first-stage driving module capacitor is 1500V; the length of the transmission line is 40 meters; the capacitance of the second-stage driving capacitor is 2nF; the second-stage pulse transformer is of a single primary side and single secondary side structure, the magnetic core material is ferrite, the number of turns of the primary side is 5, and the number of turns of the secondary side is 15. The 3 triggers differ in: the 1 st stage pulse transformer is of a multi-primary-side and multi-secondary-side structure, the number of primary sides is N=8, the number of secondary sides is M=8, and center taps of the secondary sides are all grounded; the 2 nd first-stage pulse transformer is of a multi-primary-side and multi-secondary-side structure, the number of primary sides is N=8, the number of secondary sides is M=8, and one end tap of the secondary side is grounded; the 3 rd first-stage pulse transformer is of a single primary side and single secondary side structure, and one end of the secondary side is grounded in a tap mode. And a high-voltage pulse with the amplitude of 200kV and the pulse width of 40ns is integrally applied to two ends of the output of the second-stage pulse transformer, and the voltage coupled to the primary side of the first-stage pulse transformer is shown in table 1.
TABLE 1
As can be seen from table 1, the secondary side grounding mode and the multi-primary side multi-secondary side structure of the first stage pulse transformer of the present invention can effectively reduce the coupling of the interference voltage.
In summary, the cascade type repetition frequency trigger of the two-stage pulse transformer adopts the semiconductor switch and the steeper switch to improve the stability and the repetition frequency operation capability of the system, adopts a special grounding mode and a pulse transformer structure to reduce the coupling of the interference voltage, is beneficial to the miniaturization of the trigger device, and has the advantages of high output voltage, fast front edge, low coupling interference voltage, high reliability of the repetition frequency operation and the like.
The above is only for illustrating the technical idea of the present invention, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited by this, and any modification made on the basis of the technical scheme according to the technical idea of the present invention falls within the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The cascade type repetition frequency trigger for the two-stage pulse transformer is characterized by comprising a first-stage driving module, wherein the first-stage driving module comprises a capacitor C1 and a semiconductor switch T1, the capacitor C1 is connected with the primary side of the first-stage pulse transformer Tr1 after being connected with the semiconductor switch T1 in series, a center tap of the secondary side of the first-stage pulse transformer Tr1 is grounded, the secondary side of the first-stage pulse transformer Tr1 is connected with a second-stage driving element, and the second-stage driving element is a high-voltage capacitor C 2 Transmission line TL or parallel transmission line TL and high-voltage capacitor C 2 One end of the second stage driving element is steeped by the switch S and the second stage pulseOne end of the primary side of the pulse transformer Tr2 is connected, the other end of the second-stage driving element is connected with the other end of the primary side of the second-stage pulse transformer Tr2, one end of the secondary side of the second-stage pulse transformer Tr2 is grounded, and the other end of the secondary side of the second-stage pulse transformer Tr2 outputs positive polarity or negative polarity single-polarity high voltage.
2. The cascade type repetition frequency trigger of a two-stage pulse transformer according to claim 1, wherein the first stage pulse transformer Tr1 has a multi-primary-side multi-secondary-side structure, has N primary sides with the same number of turns, M secondary sides with the same number of turns, N and M are all 2 or more, all M secondary sides are connected in parallel, and a center tap of each secondary side is grounded.
3. The cascade type repetition frequency trigger of the two-stage pulse transformer according to claim 2, wherein the magnetic core material of the first-stage pulse transformer Tr1 is silicon steel, the number of turns of each primary side is 2-3 turns, the number of turns of each secondary side is 20-100 turns, and the number of turns of the secondary side of the first-stage pulse transformer Tr1 is even.
4. The cascade type repetition frequency trigger of the two-stage pulse transformer according to claim 1, wherein a magnetic core material of the second-stage pulse transformer Tr2 is ferrite, the number of turns of a primary side is 1-5 turns, and the number of turns of a secondary side is 3-25 turns.
5. The two-stage pulse transformer cascade repetition frequency trigger of claim 1, wherein the first stage driving module comprises N capacitors with the same capacity and N semiconductor switches, each capacitor is connected in series with one semiconductor switch to form N capacitor semiconductor switch branches connected in series, each capacitor semiconductor switch branch is connected with one primary side of the first stage pulse transformer, the total capacity of the capacitors of the first stage driving module is 0.1-100 μf, and the charging voltage is 300-3000 v.
6. The two-stage pulse transformer cascade repetition frequency trigger of claim 1, wherein the second stage driving element is a high voltage capacitor C2 for driving the second stage pulse transformer, and a capacity of the high voltage capacitor is 100nF or less.
7. The cascade type repetition frequency trigger of a two-stage pulse transformer according to claim 1, wherein the second stage driving element is a transmission line TL, a first end of the transmission line TL is connected with a secondary side of the first stage pulse transformer Tr1, a tail end of the transmission line TL is divided into two paths, one path is connected with one end of a primary side of the second stage pulse transformer Tr2 through a steeper switch S, and the other path is connected with the other end of the primary side of the second stage pulse transformer Tr 2.
8. The cascade type repetition frequency trigger of a two-stage pulse transformer according to claim 1, wherein the second stage driving element is a transmission line TL and a high-voltage capacitor C2 which are connected in parallel, a head end of the transmission line TL is connected with a secondary side of the first stage pulse transformer Tr2, a tail end of the transmission line TL is connected with the high-voltage capacitor C2, the high-voltage capacitor C2 is divided into two paths, one path is connected with one end of a primary side of the second stage pulse transformer Tr2 through a steeper switch S, and the other path is connected with the other end of the primary side of the second stage pulse transformer Tr 2.
9. The two-stage pulse transformer cascade type repetition frequency trigger according to claim 7 or 8, wherein the transmission line TL is a coaxial transmission line or a parallel wire transmission line, the length is 1000 meters or less, and a tapered inductance is formed by winding a tapered insulating plate in the pulse source cavity.
10. The two-stage pulse transformer cascade repetition frequency trigger of claim 1, wherein the steeper switch is a gas switch with pre-ionization, the trigger electrode of the steeper switch is grounded through a high voltage resistor of 1mΩ or more, and the on time of the steeper switch is less than 20ns.
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