CN114063081A - Pulse compression coefficient calculation method applied to airborne weather radar - Google Patents
Pulse compression coefficient calculation method applied to airborne weather radar Download PDFInfo
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S13/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of radio waves, e.g. radar systems; Analogous systems using reflection or reradiation of waves whose nature or wavelength is irrelevant or unspecified
- G01S13/88—Radar or analogous systems specially adapted for specific applications
- G01S13/95—Radar or analogous systems specially adapted for specific applications for meteorological use
- G01S13/953—Radar or analogous systems specially adapted for specific applications for meteorological use mounted on aircraft
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Abstract
The application belongs to the technical field of signal processing of airborne weather radars, and particularly relates to a pulse compression coefficient calculation method applied to the airborne weather radar. The method comprises the following steps: acquiring a linear frequency modulation signal transmitted by an airborne weather radar; generating a matched filter according to the linear frequency modulation signal; performing pulse compression on the linear frequency modulation signal through a matched filter to obtain a pulse-compressed signal, and calculating the relation between the amplitude of the pulse-compressed signal and the amplitude of an original signal; windowing the signal after pulse compression through a weighting window function to obtain an output signal with a high main-minor lobe ratio; calculating the relation between the amplitude of the output signal with high main-minor lobe ratio and the amplitude of the original signal; carrying out sampling influence factor compensation on the output signal with the high main-side lobe ratio to obtain a signal after the sampling influence factor compensation; calculating the relation between the signal amplitude and the original signal amplitude after the sampling influence factor compensation; and obtaining a pulse compression coefficient according to the relation between the signal amplitude after the sampling influence factor compensation and the original signal amplitude.
Description
Technical Field
The application belongs to the technical field of signal processing of airborne weather radars, and particularly relates to a pulse compression coefficient calculation method applied to the airborne weather radar.
Background
The airborne weather radar takes the airplane as a radar platform, can constantly monitor the weather condition in front of the flying of the airplane, displays weather information on a radar display in real time, provides the disaster weather condition of the front air route for the pilot in time, and creates conditions for the pilot to select a safe air route. With the progress of science and technology, the light-weight, high integration and miniaturization become the development direction of the meteorological radar gradually. However, in order to meet the design requirements of light weight, high integration level and miniaturization, the radar detection performance is bound to be influenced, the detection capability of the meteorological radar can be ensured by increasing the pulse width according to the influence brought by the miniaturization and light weight of the radar system, and the increased pulse width can cause the larger working blind area and the larger range resolution of the radar.
In order to ensure the radar detection performance, the pulse compression technology is applied to the meteorological radar to process meteorological echoes, and the pulse compression technology can improve the radar detection resolution and improve the weak target detection capability of the meteorological radar. However, weather radar needs to reflect the danger level of the weather target in a grading manner when detecting weather target information, and the echo amplitude value is changed after the echo of the weather target is processed by applying a pulse compression technology, so that rainfall information cannot be normally reflected, and therefore, compensation of a pulse compression coefficient needs to be performed on an echo signal after pulse compression.
Accordingly, a technical solution is desired to overcome or at least alleviate at least one of the above-mentioned drawbacks of the prior art.
Disclosure of Invention
The application aims to provide a method for calculating a pulse compression coefficient applied to an airborne weather radar so as to solve at least one problem in the prior art.
The technical scheme of the application is as follows:
a method for calculating pulse compression coefficients applied to an airborne weather radar comprises the following steps:
acquiring a linear frequency modulation signal transmitted by an airborne weather radar;
generating a matched filter according to the linear frequency modulation signal;
thirdly, pulse compression is carried out on the linear frequency modulation signal through the matched filter to obtain a pulse compressed signal, and the relation between the amplitude of the pulse compressed signal and the amplitude of an original signal is calculated;
windowing the signal after pulse compression through a weighting window function to obtain an output signal with a high main-minor lobe ratio;
step five, calculating the relation between the amplitude of the output signal with the high main-side lobe ratio and the amplitude of the original signal;
sixthly, carrying out sampling influence factor compensation on the output signal with the high main-side lobe ratio to obtain a signal after the sampling influence factor compensation;
step seven, calculating the relation between the signal amplitude and the original signal amplitude after the sampling influence factor compensation;
and step eight, obtaining a pulse compression coefficient according to the relation between the signal amplitude after the sampling influence factor compensation and the original signal amplitude.
In at least one embodiment of the present application, in the step one, the chirp signal is:
the instantaneous phase is represented as:
the instantaneous frequency is represented as:
where A is amplitude, τ is pulse width, B is bandwidth, f0To initially employ frequency, t is time, and j is a complex field.
In at least one embodiment of the present application, in step two, the matched filter is:
wherein A is widthDegree, τ is the pulse width, B is the bandwidth, f0The frequency is initially adopted, and t is time;
the matched filter is complex conjugated with the chirp signal.
In at least one embodiment of the present application, in step three, the chirp signal is subjected to pulse compression through the matched filter, and the obtained pulse-compressed signal is:
where A is amplitude, τ is pulse width, B is bandwidth, f0For initial use of frequency, t is time, t0Is a reference time;
the relationship between the amplitude Ac of the pulse-compressed signal and the amplitude A of the original signal is as follows:
in at least one embodiment of the present application, in step four, the weighting window function is:
wherein K is a weighting window function coefficient, and n is a weighting window function order;
windowing is carried out on the signal after pulse compression through a weighting window function, and the output signal with high main-side lobe ratio is obtained as follows:
wherein sinc is a representation of the sinc function.
In at least one embodiment of the present application, in step five, the relationship between the high main-to-side lobe ratio output signal amplitude Aw and the original signal amplitude a is:
in at least one embodiment of the present application, in step six, the sampling influence factor is:
wherein f issIs the sampling frequency;
and carrying out sampling influence factor compensation on the output signal with the high main-side lobe ratio to obtain a signal after the sampling influence factor compensation, wherein the signal is as follows:
in at least one embodiment of the present application, in step seven, the relationship between the sampling impact factor compensated signal amplitude Ao and the original signal amplitude a is:
in at least one embodiment of the present application, in step eight, according to a relationship between the signal amplitude after the compensation of the sampling impact factor and the original signal amplitude, a pulse compression coefficient α is obtained as:
the invention has at least the following beneficial technical effects:
the pulse compression coefficient calculation method applied to the airborne weather radar can quickly obtain the pulse compression coefficient, solves the problem that the echo amplitude changes due to pulse compression and the correct weather target strength cannot be obtained, and enables the airborne weather radar to be credible in detection results when detecting the weather target by means of the linear frequency modulation pulse signals.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flowchart of a method for calculating pulse compression coefficients applied to an airborne weather radar according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of pulse compression amplitude variation according to an embodiment of the present application.
Detailed Description
In order to make the implementation objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present application clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be described in more detail below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. In the drawings, the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The described embodiments are a subset of the embodiments in the present application and not all embodiments in the present application. The embodiments described below with reference to the drawings are exemplary and intended to be used for explaining the present application and should not be construed as limiting the present application. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present application. Embodiments of the present application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
In the description of the present application, it is to be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are used merely for convenience in describing the present application and for simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the referenced device or element must have a particular orientation, be constructed in a particular orientation, and be operated, and therefore should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present application.
The present application is described in further detail below with reference to fig. 1-2.
The application provides a method for calculating a pulse compression coefficient applied to an airborne weather radar, which comprises the following steps:
acquiring a linear frequency modulation signal transmitted by an airborne weather radar;
generating a matched filter according to the linear frequency modulation signal;
thirdly, pulse compression is carried out on the linear frequency modulation signal through a matched filter to obtain a pulse compressed signal, and the relation between the amplitude of the pulse compressed signal and the amplitude of an original signal is calculated;
windowing the signal after pulse compression through a weighting window function to obtain an output signal with a high main-minor lobe ratio;
step five, calculating the relation between the amplitude of the output signal with the high main-side lobe ratio and the amplitude of the original signal;
sixthly, carrying out sampling influence factor compensation on the output signal with the high main-side lobe ratio to obtain a signal after the sampling influence factor compensation;
step seven, calculating the relation between the signal amplitude and the original signal amplitude after the sampling influence factor compensation;
and step eight, obtaining a pulse compression coefficient according to the relation between the signal amplitude after the sampling influence factor compensation and the original signal amplitude.
According to the method for calculating the pulse compression coefficient applied to the airborne weather radar, in order to obtain the pulse compression coefficient correctly, the pulse compression algorithm flow of the airborne weather radar needs to be combed, the change of the signal amplitude value in each step in the algorithm is obtained, and the correct pulse compression coefficient is obtained finally. Specifically, firstly, in the step one, a chirp signal transmitted by the airborne weather radar is obtained according to a use requirement, wherein characteristic parameters of the chirp signal mainly include a bandwidth, a frequency change rate, a pulse width and the like. In a preferred embodiment of the present application, the mathematical form of the chirp signal is:
the instantaneous phase is represented as:
the instantaneous frequency is represented as:
where A is amplitude, τ is pulse width, B is bandwidth, f0To initially employ frequency, t is time, and j is a complex field.
In the second step, a matched filter is generated according to the chirp signal, the chirp rate of the matched filter is opposite to the chirp rate of the chirp signal, in this embodiment, the function of the matched filter may be expressed as:
where A is amplitude, τ is pulse width, B is bandwidth, f0The frequency is initially adopted, and t is time;
the matched filter is complex conjugated with the chirp signal.
And in the third step, the linear frequency modulation signal is subjected to pulse compression through a matched filter to obtain a signal after pulse compression, and the relation between the amplitude of the signal after pulse compression and the amplitude of the original signal is calculated. In this embodiment, the output signal after pulse compression, the signal after pulse compression is:
where A is amplitude, τ is pulse width, B is bandwidth, f0For initial use of frequency, t is time, t0Is a reference time;
the relationship between the amplitude Ac of the pulse-compressed signal and the amplitude A of the original signal is as follows:
the main-to-side lobe ratio after pulse compression is 13.4dB (the first side lobe), the high side lobe can influence the detection capability of the airborne weather radar on the weak target, and the output after pulse compression and the window function are subjected to weighting processing to obtain the high main-to-side lobe ratio, so that windowing processing is performed on the output after pulse compression to obtain an output signal with the high main-to-side lobe ratio. In this embodiment, in step four, in order to increase the main-to-side lobe ratio, windowing is performed on the signal after pulse compression, and the weighting window function is:
wherein K is a weighting window function coefficient, and n is a weighting window function order; the values of K and n are variable and represent different window functions;
windowing is carried out on the signal after pulse compression through a weighting window function, and the output signal with high main-side lobe ratio is obtained as follows:
wherein sinc is a representation of the sinc function.
In this embodiment, in the step five, the relationship between the output signal amplitude Aw with high main-side lobe ratio and the original signal amplitude a is:
the above steps are all theoretical calculations for continuous time sequence signals, but in the signal processing process, the signals need to be sampled, and the amplitude of the output signals can change by multiples due to the change of the sampling rate due to the matching relationship between the sampling rate and the bandwidth, so that the sampling influence factor compensation needs to be performed on the output signals after windowing. In this embodiment, in step six, the sampling influence factor of the signal is:
wherein f issIs the sampling frequency;
and (3) carrying out sampling influence factor compensation on the output signal with high main-side lobe ratio to obtain a signal after the sampling influence factor compensation:
further, in the seventh step, the relationship between the signal amplitude Ao after the compensation of the sampling influence factor and the original signal amplitude a is as follows:
finally, in step eight, according to the relation between the signal amplitude after the sampling influence factor compensation and the original signal amplitude, the obtained pulse compression coefficient alpha is:
at this point, the pulse compression factor is calculated.
The pulse compression coefficient calculation method applied to the airborne weather radar obtains the theoretical formula of the pulse compression coefficient, the derivation logic is clear, and the engineering applicability is strong. The method and the device can solve the problem that the echo amplitude changes due to pulse compression and correct meteorological target strength cannot be obtained, so that the detection result is credible when the airborne meteorological radar selects the linear frequency modulation pulse signal to detect the meteorological target.
The above description is only for the specific embodiments of the present application, but the scope of the present application is not limited thereto, and any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope of the present application should be covered within the scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present application shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.
Claims (9)
1. A method for calculating pulse compression coefficients applied to an airborne weather radar is characterized by comprising the following steps:
acquiring a linear frequency modulation signal transmitted by an airborne weather radar;
generating a matched filter according to the linear frequency modulation signal;
thirdly, pulse compression is carried out on the linear frequency modulation signal through the matched filter to obtain a pulse compressed signal, and the relation between the amplitude of the pulse compressed signal and the amplitude of an original signal is calculated;
windowing the signal after pulse compression through a weighting window function to obtain an output signal with a high main-minor lobe ratio;
step five, calculating the relation between the amplitude of the output signal with the high main-side lobe ratio and the amplitude of the original signal;
sixthly, carrying out sampling influence factor compensation on the output signal with the high main-side lobe ratio to obtain a signal after the sampling influence factor compensation;
step seven, calculating the relation between the signal amplitude and the original signal amplitude after the sampling influence factor compensation;
and step eight, obtaining a pulse compression coefficient according to the relation between the signal amplitude after the sampling influence factor compensation and the original signal amplitude.
2. The method for calculating the pulse compression factor applied to the airborne weather radar as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the first step, the chirp signal is:
the instantaneous phase is represented as:
the instantaneous frequency is represented as:
where A is amplitude, τ is pulse width, B is bandwidth, f0To initially employ frequency, t is time, and j is a complex field.
3. The method for calculating the pulse compression coefficient applied to the airborne weather radar as claimed in claim 2, wherein in the second step, the matched filter is:
where A is amplitude, τ is pulse width, B is bandwidth, f0The frequency is initially adopted, and t is time;
the matched filter is complex conjugated with the chirp signal.
4. The method for calculating the pulse compression coefficient applied to the airborne weather radar as claimed in claim 3, wherein in the third step, the chirp signal is subjected to pulse compression by the matched filter, and the obtained pulse-compressed signal is:
where A is amplitude, τ is pulse width, B is bandwidth, f0For initial use of frequency, t is time, t0Is a reference time;
the relationship between the amplitude Ac of the pulse-compressed signal and the amplitude A of the original signal is as follows:
5. the method for calculating the pulse compression factor applied to the airborne weather radar as claimed in claim 4, wherein in step four, the weighting window function is:
wherein K is a weighting window function coefficient, and n is a weighting window function order;
windowing is carried out on the signal after pulse compression through a weighting window function, and the output signal with high main-side lobe ratio is obtained as follows:
wherein sinc is a representation of the sinc function.
6. The method of claim 5, wherein in step five, the relationship between the high main-to-side lobe ratio output signal amplitude Aw and the original signal amplitude A is:
7. the method for calculating the pulse compression factor applied to the airborne weather radar as claimed in claim 6, wherein in the sixth step, the sampling influence factor is:
wherein f issIs the sampling frequency;
and carrying out sampling influence factor compensation on the output signal with the high main-side lobe ratio to obtain a signal after the sampling influence factor compensation, wherein the signal is as follows:
8. the method for calculating the pulse compression factor applied to the airborne weather radar as claimed in claim 7, wherein in the seventh step, the relationship between the signal amplitude Ao compensated by the sampling influence factor and the original signal amplitude a is:
9. the method for calculating the pulse compression coefficient applied to the airborne weather radar as claimed in claim 8, wherein in the eighth step, the pulse compression coefficient α is obtained according to the relationship between the signal amplitude after the compensation of the sampling influence factor and the original signal amplitude as follows:
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